Middle English Dictionary Entry
tāken v.
Entry Info
Forms | tāken v. Also tak(e, takon, takke, tac, tacke, thake, (early) tacen, tæcen & tō, (chiefly N) tā, tā̆n(e & (?error) toke, (error) tate. Forms: sg.3 tāketh, etc. & tāket, tākit, tākiȝt, tākitz, tā̆kth, tā̆th, tākus, tāce, (chiefly N) tās(e, (NWM) tōtz; pl. tāken, etc. & tākene, tākun, tākuth, (chiefly N) tās(e, (NWM) tā(n & teken & (error) tatel; impv. tāk(e, etc. & tākight, (NWM) tā̆tz; pl. tāketh, etc. & (?error) tokeþe; ppl. tāking(e, etc. & tākingge; p.sg.1 or 3 tọ̄ke, tọ̄̆k, toek, tọ̄̆c, tock, toch, tog, touk, (chiefly N) tū̆k(e, (early SWM) tohc & tō & tākid, tọ̄kede & (?error) tek; pl. tọ̄ke(n, tọ̄̆k, etc. & tọ̄kon, (early) tọ̄can, (early SWM) tocken & teken & tākede & (error) stok; ppl. tāke(n, tā̆k, tāken(n)e, tākine, tākein, tākon, tākun, thāken, tọ̄ke(n, tọ̄̆k & tāne, tā̆n, (chiefly N & NEM) tain(e, (chiefly N) tōne, tō̆n, (N) toine, tene & tāked & (error) takykyne. Contractions: takestou (takest you), taket (take hit). |
Etymology | LOE tacan, p.sg. tōc, pl. tōcon, from ON (cp. OI taka, pr.sg. tek, tekr, p.sg. tōk, pl. tōku, ppl. tekinn). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. ataken v., bitaken v., itaken v., oftaken v., ontaken v., outtaken v., overtaken v., undertaken v., uptaken v., withtaken v.
1a.
(a) To grip, take hold; ~ to, clutch at (sb.), hold tight to; also, grasp [transl. of L adprehendere]; (b) to take hold of (sb. or sth.), grasp with the hand(s, grab; pick (sb. or sth.) up, lift up; also fig. & in fig. context; ~ bridel with teth, fig. take the bit between one's teeth (to do sth.); ~ in (on) honde, grasp (sth.) in one's hand, hold in one's hand; also, with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ to (unto), take (sb. or sth.) to oneself, hold close; fig. take to oneself (that which may conduce to malice or heaviness of heart), embrace (equity, wisdom); (c) ~ abouten the nekke (swire), to embrace (sb.) about the neck; ~ bi honde, take (sb.) by the hand or hands; ~ bi the bridel, get control of (a horse) by grasping its bridle; also, hold (a horseman) by grasping the bridle of his horse; ~ bi the helm, grab (sb.) by the helmet; ~ bi the kne, clasp (sb.) by the knee; ~ bi the nose, interrupt (sb.); ~ bi the reine, take hold of (a horse) by grasping its reins; ~ bi the sleve, hold (sb.) by the sleeve, pluck (someone's) sleeve to engage his or her attention; ~ bi the tail, grab (Antichrist) by the tail; ~ bi the temples, grab (sb.) about the temples; ~ bi the top, grab (sb., oneself) by the hair; ~ honde bi honde, refl. join hands; ~ in (on) armes, embrace (sb., a statue, etc.); ~ in honde, take (sb.) by the hand, take hold of (sb.) with (one's) hand, shake hands with (sb.) [cp. OI taka i hendr]; also, take (sb.) in one's company [quot. a1325]; ~ in lappe, take (a bird) into (one's lap); ~ in-to armes, take (an infant) into (one's) arms, hold; ~ in winges, of a bird: enfold (another bird) in its wings, embrace; ~ inwith armes, encircle (sth.) with (one's) arms; ~ to (with) honde, take hold of (sb.) with the hand;—used fig.; (d) with selected adverbs: ~ adoun, to pull down (a wall); ~ doun, help (sb.) dismount from a horse, lift down; take (sb.) down from a cross; lower or take down (a sail, mast, etc.); dismantle (a structure), tear down; ~ to, lift up (someone's spirit); take into one's hand (a stick) [quot. c1384, 1st]; ~ up, lift up (sb. or sth.), pick up; pull up (a sapling, tent); dig up (bones), disinter (a corpse); raise (sb., an idol) to a standing position; raise (one's hand); ben taken awei from, ben taken up of, be lifted up from (the earth); (e) ~ armes (sword, wepenes), ~ armures until us, to take up arms (a sword, weapons), join battle; ~ armure, take arms; also, enter military service [quot. a1398]; also fig. & in fig. context; ~ crois, ~ cros on honde, become a bishop or an archbishop; (f) with diminished force, in conjunction with another verb which conveys the chief semantic sense [sometimes difficult to distinguish from (a)]: to take something (and do sth. else); take (sth. and do sth. to it or perform some operation with it); cook. & med. take (an ingredient or an amount of sth. and do sth. to or with it); (g) in proverbs.
Associated quotations
a
- 1372 Leorne to loue (Adv 18.7.21)6 : Loue me, suete..To þe i take & holde.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mic.6.14 : Thou shalt ete, and shalt not be fulfillid..and thou shalt take to [L adprehendes], and shalt not saue.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)13b/a : Shuldrebone..spalde..shuldre..bene organez for to apprehend, i. take, & for to defende.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)41b/a : Þe nayles be made in þe extremites of members for þat a man maie take þe better wiþ hem.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)16a/b : Whi he [fingernail] is alitil bowid is for þre causis: The firste is þis, þat he mowe þe bettere taken & holden.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)135 : He toc hiss reclefatt onn hand & ȝede innto þe temmple.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5608 : Þatt mann þatt wile follȝhenn me..He take hiss rode & bere itt rihht & follȝhe swa min bisne.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)82/576 : Te an toc a guldene crune ant sette on hire heauet.
- ?a1300 Sayings St.Bern.(Dgb 86)762/37 : Þou take þe rode to þi staf, And þenk on him þat þereoune ȝaf His lif.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)13217 : Hii toke on hire honde speres swiþe long.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)937 : Ðre der he toc, ilc ðre ger hold, And sacrede god on an wold.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2994 : Toforn al þe heiȝe of þe lond Arthour tok þe swerd in hond.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1484 : Tristrem rauȝt his [dragon's] brain And brak his nek bon..His tong haþ he ton And schorn of bi þe rote.
- 1372 In place (Adv 18.7.21)163 : Exis þe Iewes token þat tide; To þe þeues he gunne to glide.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2204 : Ys berd was huge & straȝte along, & Lukefer þo gan taket..harde gan he schaket.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.24.65 : Sche..takyng a mantyll, couerde here.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.19.14 : Þou shalt not take [L non adsumes] & ouerbere þe termys of þy neiȝbore.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.4.8 : In al þi possessioun purchase prudence; tac [L arripe] it, & it shal enhaunce þee.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.10.38 : He that takith nat his crosse and sueth me is not worthi of me.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 13.21 : It is lyk to sourdowȝ, which takun, a womman hidith in thre mesuris of mele.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 8.59 : Thei tooken [L tulerunt] stoones that thei schulden caste in to him.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.728 : He tath the lettre, and forth he goth his weye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.242 : Simon the cause hath undertake; The worldes swerd on honde is take.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)964 : He took on honde a styf launce And..mette wiþ Nicholas.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)413 : Ta now þy grymme tole to þe, & let se how þou cnokez.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)50/3 : Go to Marie and make couenaunt wiþ hure to kepe hure childe..And tak to þe þe swete childe and..swaþ hit in his gradil wiþ swete loue bondes.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ezek.3.12 : And the spirit took [L adsumpsit] me, and Y herde after me the vois of a greet mouyng.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1744 : Thanne toke I with myn hondis tweie The arowe, and ful fast out it plight.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3299 : Take with thy teeth the bridel faste, To daunte thyne herte.
- a1425(?a1400) Treat.DSpirits (Hrl 674)83/8 : Þe þouȝt of oure herte..reiseþ in us alle iuel suspecioun; ȝif ouȝte be schewid..þat miȝt..be turnid to malice or to heuines of hert, it makiþ us as fast to take it to us.
- a1425 Direct.Laces in Studies Robbins (Hrl 2320)95 : Þu schalt take wyþ þyn one hand þe bowe of þe oþer hond.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)92/20 : A cloude moost cleer cam and receiuede and took þe Saueour.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)758 : Ihesus þan stowped doun þam bi-forn And toke þe ere þat was of-shorn.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)55a/b : Þe þoumbe..myȝte helpe alle þe toþer fyngers for to take oþere to holde alle þinge þat come in hem þe better.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)30/22 : Rygth as þow seyst þe prest take þe chyld at þe funt-ston & dyppe it in þe watyr.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.29.18 : Take than thin Astrelabie with bothe hondes..and let the sonne shyne thorugh bothe holes of thy rule.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)54.89 : Whanne ȝe taken this scheld On honde, On me to thenken scholen ȝe fonde.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)506 : His panterere to a lofe þo ywys, And brake hit euene an-two.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)34/165 : This tree vn-to me wille I ta, þat me is sende.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)151/21 : Qwo-so Rudde his handys with þe Rote of þis herbe, he may takyn an eddre in his handys with-owtyn ony perile.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)5/28 : The schippman..toke the gouernaill of the schipp and asked theym whedir thei wold goo.
- a1450 Ying men I warne (Sln 2593)p.271 : If I aske our dame bred, Che takyt a staf and brekit myn hed.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)35/34 : They..toke new speris and sette hem on theire thyghes.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)31a/a : The þombe is sett diuersly from þe oþere foure fyngris..for yt schulde be þe more parfiȝt to holden stidefastly þilke þingis þat it haþ taken.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)6/130 : Y shal put awey fro me both wreth & lust, And y shal take to me wysdom & equyte.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)134 : The thyf ate fyrst the gyrdyl tok on honde And dude hit a-bouten hym.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)63 : Jhesu..bade me take my bedde and go my wey.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.13 : My pen in hand I tuke.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)14 : Anone came in Morpheus & toke me by the sleue.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1279 : Pollux..Bere backeward the batell & his brother toke, Horsit hym in haste, halpe hym olofte.
c
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)63/683 : Þa þe reue þis iseh, rende hise claðes, & toc him seolf bi þe top, & feng to fiten his feont.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)187 : Ho toc him bi þe toppe [vr. temples]; abouten ho him swong.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)23/404 : Heo makede him faire chere & tok him abute þe swere.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)25/430 : Horn..tok hire on his armes two.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1287 : Tac ðin sune ysaac in hond, And far wið him to siðhinges lond.
- c1350 A child is boren (Bod 26)1 : Honnd by honnd we schulle ous take.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)62 : Þe cherl..þat child tok in his armes and kest hit and clipped.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3193 : Þe comli quen þan takeþ Meliors bi þe hande.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 2.28 : Symeon..took him in to his armes.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2781 : Softe take me in your armes tweye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6566 : Yit dorste I nevere..Noght ones take hire be the kne, To stele of hire or this or that.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7669 : For thanne is poverte ate gate And takth him evene be the slieve.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2342 : But wolde ye vouche sauf..The pirye inwith youre armes for to take.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.475 : This faukon..fil to ground anon And lyth aswowne..Til Canacee hath in hir lappe hir take.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2364 : Ta loth þi broþer sun in hand; To chanaan ȝee most now drau.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)4357 : She toke him aboute þe necke wiþ þis And profered hir mouþ to kis.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.165 : Cryst..toke Thomas by þe hande and tauȝte hym to grope.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.29.7 : For that that thou was a staf of reed to the hows of Israel, whanne thei token thee to [WB(2): with] hoond, and thou art broken to gidre..thou art maad litil.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1519 : Criseyde..hym in armes tok and ofte keste.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)670 : Ech of hem gan other in wynges take, And with here nekkes ech gan other wynde.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)111/16 : A man toke hir be þe sleue & seyd, [etc.].
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)34/16 : The louere..went towarde his ymage and tooke it in his armys.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1547 : In hand sone he hym toke and kyssyd hym curtasly.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)337/21 : He tuke hym abowte þe nekk & kyssyd hym.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)409/11 : He tuke þis hors-man be þe brydill when all was done.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)54/20 : Ponthus..toke hym by the helme.
- (1451) Paston (Gairdner)2.239 : The seid Prisot wolde suffre no man that was lerned to speke..and took them by the nose at every thred woord whiche myght weel by knowe for open parcialte.
- (?a1461) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.lix : The seid Willm toke yor seid besecher by the sleve and hym resoned of the premisses.
- (1461) Let.Hexham in Sur.Soc.44p.ciii : My lord of Duresme toke me in his honde and satt doon uppon his knee befor ye king.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)21/24 : They toke them in theire armys and made grete joy eche of othir.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)29/9 : Than he toke the horse by the reygne and led hym unto Ulphine.
- a1475(a1450) Tourn.Tott.(Hrl 5396)121 : I schal take Tyb by þe hand and hur away lede.
- a1500(?a1425) Chester Pl.Antichr.(Pen 399)515/697 : Thowe take hym by the tope and I by the tayle.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)270 : Than com Gawein to the horse..and toke hym by the bridell.
- a1605(?a1500) Lond.Lickpenny (Hrl 542)105 : Then came the taverner and toke my by þe sleve.
d
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)235 : Þreo smale ȝerdene..stoden longue þare..he tok hem op with gret honour and in faire cloþe heom wond.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5047 : His armes he tok vp anon And swiftliche dede hem opon.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)46/550 : Adoun he fel aswon to grounde; His barouns him tok vp in þat stounde.
- c1330 SMChron.(Auch)1757 : Edgar..After þat he was werþe &..had liue in erþe Sexti winter vnder mold, An abbot..wald take him vp & legge him in a þrouwe of ston.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Ezek.37.19 : I shal take to the tree [WB(2): take the tree; L adsumam lignum] of Joseph, that is in the hond of Effraym..and I shal ȝeue hem to gydre with the tree of Juda.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Dan.7.4 : Y byheelde til hir weengis weren drawen of, and she is taken vp of [WB(2): takun awei fro; L sublata..de] the erthe, and she stode on the feet as a man.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 16.19 : Lord Jhesu..is takun vp in to heuene.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 10.31 : Jewis token vp stoones for to stoone hym to the deeth.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5072 : To the Ston He goth and takth it up anon.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3064 : Drightin has herd þi barn cri, Rise and tak it up for-þi.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8358 : Sco kneld don..þe king hir tok vp be þe hand.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11664 : Maria forth þam foluand rade.. 'Ioseph,' sco said, 'fain wald I rest'..Son he stert and tok hir dun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17547 : Helias in ald dais Was taken up als vnto heuen.
- a1400 Comp.Our Lady (Pep 2498)98/17 : Iohan my cosyn & þe wymmen þat I spake of bifore token me vp & beren me after my swete son.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)24858 : Þai..toke þaire gode maste doun.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)15227 : Vp he toke his holy hond & ȝaf þe benesoun.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.36 : He tok vp þe bones, In a fertre þam laid.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4189 : Þe boteler takeþ vp his grede And fyndeþ þe coupe of golde rede.
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)493 : Adam þe Spencer took vp þe cloþ.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)6/203 : Swilk a man..Suld noght suffer so hard payne; Þarfore, bot he be tane doun sone, In euil tyme þat dede was done.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.3.12 : The spirit took me to [L adsumpsit], and Y herde after me a nois of greet mouynge togider, the blessid glorie of the Lord fro his place.
- ?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)301/2 : Þey..tokin done þe banerys & þe armes of Fraunce on euery side þat were hanged out.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)95b/a : Þu schalt meddel wiþ euerye drauȝte as moche pouder as þu maye take vppe with þi þre fingers.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)373/32 : Laȝar was take up to liif euerlastinge.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)498 : Vp his hande gan he taa And putt it forthir hym fraa.
- (1442) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 7116 : John Walschef v dayys to take a down ye gabul wall.
- a1450 Lond.Chron.Hrl.3775 (Hrl 3775)292 : In the same ȝere was Kyng Ric. bones take vp and brought fro langleye vn to Westm.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1382 : Þe child fel þer anoun doun as þowȝ he ded were; Oure lord hym helede & tok hym vp.
- a1450 St.Etheldr.(Fst B.3)862 : Bot þey tokon vp þis fayre body anone þo..And to þe heyȝe auter þere-with þey duden go.
- (1457-8) *Plea & Mem.R.Lond.GildhA.81.8 : We..after þe Tenour' of þe said endentur' haue taken doun to þe grounde þe said tenementes wt Shoppes, Celers, & Solars.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)66/21 : Than Balyn toke up the hede of the lady and bare hit with hym to hys ostry.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)878/33 : Than he fette hys horse and ledde hym with a grete payne..Than he was takyn downe sofftely and unarmed.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)12727 : I was take vp in-to lyte As a chykne off a kyte.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)146/5369 : Þou..callest þat þy god þat a lytel before þou sawyst hewen with yren..& beten with hamerys, & hast kouered it al aboute with gold & syluer, & tokist it vp fro þe erthe.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)2711 : A knyght hyr toke downe of hyre stede.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1426 : I Rede, we take down sayle & Rowe.
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)48 : Tak vp tentis and truse hem hend.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)9/9 : Egeas, wyt þou well þat þou schalt haue no myght forto take me downe.
- a1500 Hrl.2378 Recipes in EETSSS 8151.12/7 : Whan it begynneth to boyle, take..vp..þe suger betwene þi fyngers & þi þombe, & whan it begyneth..to streme..stere it..wyth þi spatyll.
- a1525(?1473) Cov.Leet Bk.386 : Afore this tyme haue byn enyoyned the possessours of the seid Mese to haue taken hit doune at tymes passed.
e
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)292 : Heo [read: Þo] Axede he in ȝwuche manere þe croiz he scholde take; Men seiden him þat he scholde a-fongue holi churche so freo.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.301 : Þanne after chidynge and stryf me took wepone [Higd.(2): armes].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)127a/b : In þe Satirday it was nouȝt I grauntid to take armure.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)106/20 : His wraþþe schal take armure and arme his creatures to do uengaunce of his enemyes.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7131 : The vniuersite, that tho was a slepe..vp it stert, and armes toke Ayens this fals horrible boke.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)1/7 : My worde be now directe to the, þat..takis þe ryght strang & doghty armur of obedience to seryf our lorde.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)440 : For I hadde neuere so mekyl nede Siþ I took cros on hande.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)38 : For godes sak we sall assent All fleschly wyll for to for-sak And gostly armurs vntill vs tak.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5518 : Þat scourge is a swerd of wrake Þat euerich shal aȝenst other take, And euerich shal oþer for-do.
f
- ?a1350 Recipe Painting(1) in Archaeol.J.1 (Hrl 2253)65 : Tac argul, a thing that deyares deyet with, ant grint hit smal.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.175 : Lat take a cat, and fostre hym wel with milk.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)220/8 : Take galle, acacie, psidiarum..& seþe hem in water.
- c1400 Sln.468 Cook.Recipes (Sln 468)84.9/3 : Tak good poudre of canel & of clowes & do to þe sewe & coloure it with safroun & salte it.
- a1425(a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)119.95/1 : Take and make a thynne foyle of dowh, and kerue it on peces.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)554 : Doþ him sle..And tak þeo blod of his body And smeore þy werk abowte þerwiþ.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)102/1 : In þis land, þai take a beste þat es called Loyres, and þai teche it to ga in to waters.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)106a/a : Take rwe, comyne, anise sede..olde oile halfe a li.; put hem alle in a fiole of glasse & sette þat glasse in water in anoþer vessel.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)170a/b : Ȝif þer be take as moche of þe iuse of diteine as of alle þes, & menged wiþ þes forseid pouders, it consoudeþ olde sores.
- (1440) Doc.Kent in Bull.IHR 36 (PRO KB 27/715 m.19)90 : John Seintcler toke and solde to the seid Thomas half apynte of the seid poysone.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)48/28 : Tak and scrape þe brynt of a caldron or of a bras pott & mak powdir þer-of.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.40.25 : Tho tok I and waxed my label in manere of a peire tables to receyve distinctly the prickes of my compas.
- a1450 Diseases Women(2) (Sln 2463)78 : Take clene stones þat haue longe leyen in clene rennyng water & hete hem well in the fyre.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)20 : Crem de Coloure: Take an make þicke Milke of Almaundys & do it in a potte.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)52 : Take Freyssche Porke, & hew it, & grynd it in a mortere.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)95/149 : Or ellus take & fille ful þe holes of podur of bremston riȝt to þe grounde.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)178/8 : Ȝef a man hawe akyng in his heed or in his wombe, tak þe jus of þis herbe and lete hym drynk it.
- c1450 Bod.483 Herbal (Bod 483)57/147 : Thake þe joyse off þe herbe and mynge hyt with euerros.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)155/4 : Take þe rote of gladene, & make pouder þer of.
- c1450 Yale 163 Cook.Recipes (Yale 163)187.106/7 : Have white bredde cut yn shyverys..take & tost hit a lytyll on a rost yron that hit be somdell broun.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.25 : Take lamprayes and hom let blode At þo navel, and scalde hom.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)80a/a : Or ellis þou myȝt take þe pilis of garleek and hacke hem alle to smale pecis.
- a1500 Diseases Women(3) (Yale-M 47)67/684 : Þen take cloys and spycanard..and make hire of hem a fumygacion.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)21b/6 : Take of encence on parte and Aloe halfe a parte and make powedre.
g
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.26.52 : Alle that shulen take swerd shulen perishe by swerd.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2732 : Salomon seith that he that entremeteth hym of the noyse or stryf of another man is lyk to hym that taketh an hound by the erys.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.26.17 : As he that takith a dogge bi the eeris, so he that passith, and is vnpacient, and is meddlid with the chiding of anothir man.
- a1475 How GWife Pilgr.(Brog 2.1)46 : Take not euery roppys end witt euery man þat hallys.
1b.
(a) To pick up and put or place (sb. or sth. on oneself, one's back, etc.), take up in order to carry; also fig.; ~ in bosom (sleve), put (stones) into (one's) bosom (the sleeve of one's garment) in order to carry them concealed; ~ in nekke, hang (a cudgel) around one's neck; (b) to touch (sb. or sth.), lay the hand on; also in fig. context; (c) with inf.: to put (sth. in a place to do sth.); (d) with diminished force, in conjunction with another verb: to take (one's finger and do sth. with it); (e) ~ on honde in, to plant (sth.) in (a trench), place, set.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)103/15 : Takeþ my ȝok on ȝou and lerneþ of me.
- a1450 Also take (Add 37049)16 : Therfore of salvacoun if thu sure wil be, The cros of penaunce thou take on the.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2179 : He toke hys cros upon hys bak..al for þe.
- c1450 Lychefelde Comp.G.(Lamb 853)671 : Take þi crosse to þee, and folewe me.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1240/12 : Sir Bedwere toke the kynge uppon hys bak, and so wente with hym to the watirs syde.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)160 : Thenne the pepylle toke grete battys in hyr neckys, and so they wentte; The nexte day they were chargyde that they shulde leve hyr battys at hyr ynnys, and thenne they toke grete stonys yn hyr bosomys and hyr slyvys.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)49/1746 : He..wente for to seke þat sheepe þat was loste, And whan he had founde it, he take it vpon his shuldrys, & brouȝt it to þe oþer sheepe.
b
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)218/139 : Ure lord..spredde his hond and tok his lepre.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)75/1305 : Þe kniȝt him aslepe lay..Horn him gan to take & sede, 'kniȝt, awake.'
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3456 : Abute ðis munt ðu merke made [read: make]; If erf or man ðor-one take, It dead ðolen.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)22/31 : Wyþstondinge..is a perilous ziknesse þet ne may naȝt þolye þet me him take [Vices & V.(2): towche], and to þan þet alle medicines went in to uenim.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)533 : Iosep..lened hym on hys croch, For who hys yhered wald tak & tuch, Þerof gayf he ryght noȝt.
c
- c1400 To God (Wel 406)101 : Moche of þis herbe to seeþ þou take In water.
d
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)45.638 : His fynger took he tho And vppon the ȝate A Cros he Made.
e
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.507 : Tweyne [apple trees] in oon delue is not to take on honde [L deponis] ffor wormys, & best eicher [BodAdd: lest either] other lette.
1c.
(a) To penetrate, pierce; penetrate and stick (in a surface); ~ in-to, of a sword's pomel: stick in (the earth); of a blade: stick in (the flesh); ~ until, of a swordpoint: pierce to (the throat); (b) of a portion of a shield: to receive (a thrusting spear), catch; (c) of a surface: to receive (painted figures).
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2066-7 : Als he fele his swerde outshoke; Þe pomel into þe erth toke, Þe poynt toke until his throte..Thorgh his armurs sone it smate, A litel intil hys hals it bate.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1608 : Sith he pullith at his croke, So fast in to the flesh it toke, That oute myȝt he gete it nought.
b
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)900 : In a cantel of hys scheld ys tok þe spere long, That the double hauberk al to-sprong..The poynt..in-to þe bar flech ȝede.
c
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)780 : Paraunter I was therto most able, As a whit wal or a table, For hit ys redy to cacche and take Al that men wil theryn make, Whethir so men wil portreye or peynte.
1d.
Fig. Of a person: to be grasping, be greedy.
Associated quotations
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)6486 : Wel more Ys the hunger more vnstaunchable..Of wommen, for to Acroche and take.
2a.
(a) To seize someone by force; take someone into custody, make an arrest; seize (sb., a soul, etc.), take with force; apprehend (sb.), arrest; capture (sb.), take (sb.) prisoner; also, have (sb.) seized; also fig.; bring (a woman) forcibly into one's household [quot. a1325(c1250)]; in partitive construction with of phrase: seize some of (our knights); ~ hostages, take hostages; ~ plegge, take (sb.) hostage; ~ prisoner, take a prisoner; also, take (sb.) prisoner; with adverbs: ~ awei, capture (sb.); ~ bitwene, intercept and seize (sb.); ~ up, seize (sb.), arrest; also, with selected prep. phrases: ~ bi bodi, seize (sb.) bodily; ~ in (in-to, to) hostage, ~ to baille, take (sb.) into (one's) custody by putting up bail, go bail for (sb.); ~ to plegge, take (sb.) into custody as a hostage, take (sb.) hostage; ben taken in baille to, be taken into (someone's) custody on bail put up by (that person), be held on bond to (sb.); ben taken in honde, be made captive; (b) to catch (sb.) in wrongdoing, discover or detect (sb. doing sth. illegal, sinful, etc.); ~ at (in, with), catch (sb.) in (a wrongful act, falsehood, etc.); convict (sb.) of (a crime, heresy); ~ in tale (wordes), catch (sb.) making an inconsistent or improper remark; taken of insuspecioun, of the eyes: detected or caught out indulging in secret suspicions; traitour taken and preved, a detected and proven traitor; (c) ~ til, to impute responsibility to (sb.), hold accountable; (d) to find (sb.), discover; recover (a friend), find again; as he is taken, as he finds himself, according to his circumstances; (e) ben taken, game. of a person: to have one's game piece or pieces captured, lose one's piece;—in fig. context; (f) in proverbs.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Te Lundenissce folc hire wolde taecen, & scae fleh.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5948 : He siþþenn takenn wass..& bundenn & naȝȝledd uppo rodetre.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)158/14 : Tac [Nero: nim &], bind him heteueste, for he is deaðes wurðe.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1171-2 : Ðor he seide..Ðat sister wore sarra his wif, Quilum of er wharraon [read: pharraon] hire toc, Nu takeð abimalech hire oc.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)248 : Hi toke him anon, And caste him out of þe vine, and slowe him.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)730 : Who so dede wiþ man vtrage, Bot it were in wedloc In þilke time men hem tok Wiþ iuggement..And also quic doluen hes.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.168 : An Aungel..took þe dragon, þe olde serpent þat is cleped þe fende..& bonde hym for a þousande ȝer.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1289 : Þei hadde take..fulle five hundered of ful nobul prisouns.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 30.8 : Schal I pursuen or nai þese theues & taaken [L conprehendam] hem?
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.11.62 : He toke the sonys of hem pleggis, or in ostage.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.438 : Custaunce han they take anon..And in a ship al sterelees..They han hir set.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4896 : If in þar sekces be oght funden, Lok þai alle be tain and bonden.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14514 : A man sal in hand bitan [Frf: be tane] And dempt for þe folk and slan.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16058 : Pilate..vnderstode þat þai him had tene [Göt: tane] al wit tresun.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)2792 : I haue here dohutris tua; Takes þaim, and dos ȝour will wid þa.
- a1400-a1500 Rich.(b-version:Brunner)261/7 : We haueth herjnne Sarasyne..That ye mogh take to ostage Fort ye haue your payage.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.78 : William the Conqueror..gaf ageyn þo fees of whilk he toke ostages.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)1.94 : Kinges & kniȝtes shulde..taken trespassours & teiȝen hem faste.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)78 : Þay ta me bylyue, Pynez me in a prysoun, put me in stokkes.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1210 : Now ar ȝe tan astyt, bot true vs may schape, I schal bynde yow in your bedde, þat be ȝe trayst.
- a1425 Methodius(1) (Hrl 1900)99/16 : Hesdres..brent þe rewme of Cham & toke prisoneres alle þat were dwellinge.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)4051 : Thelaphus..take him the..Do with him al thi wille.
- (1426-7) Paston1.8 : Be it remembred þat..certeyns..brekeres of þe Kynges peas vnknowyn..felonowsly..þe seyd John Grys and hys sone..by here bodyes tokyn, and fro þe seyd dwellyng place..to a peyre galwes ledden.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)28/33 : Tak & bren hir.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.140 : He was..take prisoner in France.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)414 : Prysoner takyn and yeldyn yn warre: Daticius. Prysoner takyn be stronge hande, nott yolde wylfully: Manceps.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)328 : He..tuke of oure knyghttes, Areste them vnryghttwyslye and raunsounnde þam aftyre.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)9255 : Octa & Ebessa o lyue þey tok; At Londone in prison he dide þem lok.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)46.462 : My scheld..In bataille I bar..that ilke day whanne Tholome we token.
- a1450 Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)21/827 : Beholde where Iudas, that traytour, cometh with a companye of peple to take oure Lord, he kisseth.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)140/57 : Horowde..gars doo to dede All knave childer..Þat he may ta With ȝeris twa.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)3330 : Þey token hem into hostage ylkon And into prisoun put hem þore.
- (1450) RParl.5.181b : Securitee of peas was axed bifore you..of..William Tailbois..and theruppon he, taken in baille to certeyn notable persones, to kepe youre peas..and to appere bifore you..in your said Court at a certeyn day, uppon peyne of forfeiture of..notable sommes, at which day..William appered not..the..Duke..caused you to graunte your pardon of the forfeiture of the..sommes to..all..persones to whome he was taken in baille.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)8464 : He may be tone And suffer Ded.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)373/19 : Yn þis same yere weren certeyne of Lollardez and fals heritikis takine.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)6/15 : My pepil es led thralle or taken presoner.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)98a : Tokeþe ye him, and demeþe ye him by youre owen lawe.
- (1457) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)390 : Þe said Rauf them [rioting servants] toke to baill upon a grete somme.
- ?1457 Hardyng Chron.A (Lnsd 204:Hammond)234/13 : The Cobham Errytyke Confedred with lollers incipient Agayne the Chirche arose, and was full lyke It haue distroyed by thar intendement, Had noght the kynge..toke thaym vp by gode inspeccioun.
- (1466) Paston (Gairdner)4.217 : Sythen he was takyn to baylle, the Chawncelerer cowde not compelle the swertes to bryng hym in befor hys day.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)181/760 : Alisaunder the Quene hath takon.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)130 : The Erlis..rose ayenest thair kynge..and toke hym and his sonne prisoners in the ffelde.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.179 : Wilnotus, son of Godewinus, and the sonne of Suanus, were taken to plegge.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)124b : To Take betweyn: Intercipere.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)167 : The thyf with þe gyrdel þo þey toke vp ful blyue And kesten hym into þe se.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)77/400 : We, out tyte, that they were tayn..we shall not seasse to thay be slayn.
- a1500 Proc.Chanc.in Archaeol.ser.2.610 : Robert Gybson..hath surmisid that your besecher..with force of armys touk and led awey the seid Johan, wyffe of the same Robert Gybson.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)11031 : If he..slain wore, Or take away or y-bore, Al to-gidre þan were i-lore.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.193 : In lufis yok..In guerdon of all my lufis space Sche hath me tak, hir humble creature.
- a1525(?1464) Cov.Leet Bk.322 : Ric. Hykman..stode condempned a-fore the Mair and shirrefs of this Cite in the Court of portmanmote, and a Capias to take hym was awarded.
- 1530(c1450) Mirror Our Lady (Fawkes)29 : The soule was take a non & sore tormented longe tyme togidre.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7802 : Þai toke hym full tite & to tenttes led.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)3183 : Brengwain þretned ay To take hem in her dede.
- (1348) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.4 : If ani be take henforwarde bering or carying suche warez to sel..And therof be ateint afore the maire and aldermen, be he punished bi theire discrecion.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.24.7 : Ȝif aman were take [L deprehensus fuerit] bysily waytynge his broþer of þe sonys of Irael..he shal be slawe.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)329 : Þe kyng hedde geten him a clerk..to take Ioseph in his tale, ȝif he wrong seide.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2223 : Whan that the womman that was taken in auoutrye was broght in his presence..ne wolde he nat answere sodeynly.
- a1400 Mirror(Htrn 250) 2:59/4,27 : Crist said, 'Wiche of ȝow schal take me [AN Miroir: me reprendra] and wiþnime me of synne?' .. No man ne miȝt take [AN Miroir: reprendre] Ihesus for he ne miȝt neuer misdon.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)8644 : Parfay, þou lies, þou wikked womman; wiþ þi falshede þou sal be tan.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2488 : Þe blykkande belt he bere þeraboute..In tokenyng he watz tane in tech of a faute.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)190/22 : O traitour, tak and prouede, ȝour falsenesse shal nouȝt ȝow availe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.23 : Wlcanus wyf, Wyth whom whylom þou wer at meschef take.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)p.67 : And þat euerich bakere habbe his seal y-know vp-on his loue, þat he ne muwe wyth-segge, ȝif he is take oþerwyse þan wel.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)41/31 : Whan Jubiter loued faire Yoo, Juno had him in suspecion and descended from heuyn..for to take hire housbonde with the deede.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)316/21 : He was takyn with thift & hanged.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)191/5717 : Myn eyen..Nor durst for drede benholde oo sely þing, lest thorugh only a lokis mys-gidyng That they were tane of insuspecioun.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)6 : Many popis han synnyd and ben snibbid, and sum tan in heresy and deposid.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)851 : Cryst preserwyd þis synfull woman takeyn in awowtry.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)15/468 : The kynge wolde haue take þe monkis in her wordis; he seyde..'if ȝe dredde nat þe deth, whi fledde ȝe awey?'
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)526 : Thou schalt take vs wyth the dede.
- a1500(a1450) St.Robt.Knares.(Eg 3143)1312 : Thiselff wyth aungels stand me by..to reply Off my trispas ylkay playntte, That I be noght tane wyth tayntte.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6453 : If þat he be take in synne, What peyne his soule shal be ynne.
c
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) John & Boy (Phys-E)p.112 : Lat thou noht this child miscarye, For yef he do, til the tac I.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.27.21 : As he þat letiþ a brid out of his hond, so þou þat hast forsaken þi neȝebore, & þou shalt not taken [L non..capies] hym.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)763 : If ten trysty in toune be tan in þi werkkez, Wylt þou mese þy mode and menddyng abyde?
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1811 : Iche tolke mon do as he is tan.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3856 : Bialacoil..For feere han hidde, nere that he All sodeynly toke hym with me.
e
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)56/1637 : At the short game of tablis forto play, loue hath me long had in his gouernaunce..But take am y, and y not entre may The poynt y wolde.
f
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)93/23 : Hermes seiþ..stretche no snaris for to take men wiþ-all..for at þe laste ende it wil turne vppon þi-self.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)70/3 : Men vn-auysed be tak in euyl tyme.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)9.17 : Than the synnfull sall be takyn in werkis of his hend.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)5440 : A woman to take be hyr own wille Ys thefte of curtessy.
- ?a1500 Othea (Hrl 838)115/14 : By þat was sche take in hyr own snare.
2b.
(a) To prevail; of love, sickness: take hold, afflict someone; ~ on, take effect on (sb.); ~ over, prevail over (one's resolve), overcome; (b) of death, sleep, etc.: to overcome (sb.); of a sickness, pain, etc.: afflict (sb., the body); of venom: infect or poison (sb.); of drink: overcome (the brain), intoxicate; also, with adv.: ~ up, of sudden death: take (a household), overwhelm; ben taken, be oppressed with thirst; ben taken in (with), be afflicted with (a condition, sickness, etc.); ben taken with disposicioun toward, be disposed to (a pathological condition); (c) of the devil, an evil spirit, elf, etc.: to take control of (sb., a soul), possess (sb.); of God: take custody of (sb.); of divine anger, a curse, temptation, etc.: overpower (sb.), overwhelm; ben taken of (with), be possessed by (the devil, an evil spirit, etc.); (d) of an emotion, a fit of weeping, desire, sloth, etc.: to overcome (sb.); of someone's person or attributes: cause (sb.) to be overcome with desire, captivate; of a development, an event: overwhelm (sb.); taken upon, overcome by grief; (e) to win over (sb., a soul by trickery), hoodwink, deceive.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)29274 : First on þam þis cursing takes, þat sustenes or þaire seluyn makes Fals trowth ogains cristen state.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)58/719 : Þeo loue of hire hadde tan so blyue Þat nyȝh his heorte to-brak on fyue.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)52/29 : Many [devils] beþ þat of suche taken ouer here myȝt, & more þem þei chargen þan here kynde may þole.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)76/9 : Of þe mone and of þe time whan þe seknesse took, and in wat sygne it be-gan.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Magd.(2) (LdMisc 108)354 : Ase þe Quiene on hire bedde lay, hire token ful strongue þrowes.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)354 : Deth him tok þan he bes[t] wolde Liuen.
- c1330 Þe siker soþe (Auch)6 : So mani tenes ou[s] tas Þurch fonding of fele fas.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)101/96 : Þorwe þe fenym of senne Þat al mankende slakþ; Nes [read: Nys] nou non..Þat þat fenym ne takeþ.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)905 : Seie me in what wise þat þat hache þe haldes and how it þe takes?
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)5/111 : Al hire bodi, hond and fote, Was taken wiþ a feuere hote.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.762 : The same deeth that taketh the cherl, swich deeth taketh the lord.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.596 : As Nabugodonosor slepte, A swevene him tok.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3163 : A seknes toke þe munke ful grym.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)27883 : And he be tane in dronkinhede, All his wittes..Er turned into ful simple state.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)81/677 : Yu bus inquire hys age, when hys seknes tuk hym, diete, rest..& wytterly wet all hys state.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)371/5766 : Þe mater of þe seknes has takyn all þe body.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)410/708 : When þe spirituals begynnys for to be takyn with disposicion toward þe etyk, þe fathed is whytyssh or ellys wannyssh.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)134/1 : It is a good token when he þat haþ obtalmia in his eyȝe is taken [*Ch.(1): y-taken; L accipi] wiþ a diarye.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)261 : Infectyn, or brynge to sekenesse, as menne take wythe pestylence.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3825 : Be now þai ware so neȝe tane þat..Sum of his awen vryn & sum on Iren lickid.
- ?c1450 Trivet Constance (Harv Eng.938)236 : She made the messanger drunke with a full meruelous drynke, the whyche so toke hys breyne..that he slept lyke a dede man.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)356/27 : Yf hit happe so that þe forsaid Moolde be take with ony sikenesse..she shold not make no testament.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)145/5 : A litle sleepe toke me..aftir the first rest towarde the mornynge.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.146 : Sumtyme is moreyn general, sumtyme parcyal..Sum houshold it takyȝt vp al hool, at þe nexte it takyȝt noon.
- c1450(1446) Nightingale (Clg A.2)13/333 : Deth toke hym..whom mony sore shall mysse.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)29a/2 : Anoon hym toke a swet [L arripuit eum sudor] aboute þe hede..and þan he was muche comfortid.
- a1500 Partenay (Trin-C R.3.17)6150 : For noght man may do gain mortal deth, lo! The feble and strong takith she ech hour.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5204 : Godd..wollde..takenn all wiþþutenn dæþ Helyamm þe prophete, & brinngenn himm all ut fra menn.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)167 : Þe deuel..toc his oȝen lichame and þerone brohte swo michel sicnesse..þat te lichame warð bretful of wunden.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)4038 : Quuo-so wile cursing maken, Ille cursing sal him taken.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.68.25 : Heeld out vp on þem þi wrathe & þe woodnesse of þi wrathe al take þem.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.10.13 : Temptacioun take not ȝou, no but mannus forsoth God is trewe.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)6.146 : In lecherye..ȝe lyuen..And al is þorw suffrance þat veniaunce ȝow ne taketh.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)135/23 : Sum in þis lyueng han be take wiþ þe fiend and longe tyme traueld wiþ spirites.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)145/2 : Sum men..bien taken wiþ wikked spirites.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)120/5 : A yong monke þat suld hafe red þe gospell at þe same mes was, afore þe gospell, taken with a fend.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)105/19 : He may noȝt lyȝtly be takyn of þe devyll þat alwey hauntyth good occupacyoun.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)72.30 (v.2:p.46) : The preste of the temple .. was accept and takyn of a devil and wex wode .., and on the seventh day the devyl threw hym in a flode and so .. he deid.
- a1500(a1450) St.Robt.Knares.(Eg 3143)690 : A! wrech [Satan]..Outte off this place now..Þou sall noght take me wyth a tayntt.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)136/616 : He was takyn with an elfe.
- a1500 Leg.Cross BC(1) (Wor F.172)221 : Thei calden hir a blasphemeres and taken of the devil, and driew hir out of the citee.
d
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)47.5 : Hij ben trubled and stired, drede toke hem.
- 1372 Mi loue is falle (Adv 18.7.21)4 : Loue..woundet sore wan it him taket.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.28.2 : Þer sholyn comme opon þe alle þese blessynges & sholyn take [L adprehendent] þe, ȝif nerþelater þe heestys of hym þou heerist.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.6.13 : Whi þenne han take vs alle þese yuyls?
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)16.265/330 : Þe Mayster of þe schip was tan In hire loue.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Mic.4.9 : Sorowe hath take [WB(1): cachid; L conprehendit] thee, as a womman trauelinge of child.
- ?a1425(c1350) Apollonius (Dc 216)24 : Sorwe me tok in ech wyse.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)19.73 : The water Ran from his Eeyen Adown..Whanne the qweene Say him so taken vppon, Sche Axede what he hadde with hire lord doon.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)273 : Such a lust anoon me took To slepe that ryght upon my book Y fil aslepe.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)9/250 : I am to bold to holde this opynyoun..Syn that yowre plesaunt body and fawkoun Hath me thus tane.
- c1460 Dub.Abraham (Dub 432)258 : Now ly downe, strecche out þi þrote! This takeþ me ful nye, God wote.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)232/30 : Yf..wepynge hym takyth atte the ey, that man lowyth the and dreddyth.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)5200 : Wyth hur loue he wes so take, He had for-yete Melyowre hys make.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)81/100 : Sorow takys me full sare.
- c1475 Lydg.DM(1) (Hrl 116)472 : Tayne [Hnt: He skapeth wyseli of dethe the grete deluge To-fore the dome, who is not teynte with slouth].
e
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)185 : Sawles þat he had tane with traine fro him þat tyme suld twin.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.13.18 : Woo to hem that..maken pilewis vnder the heed of eche age, for to take, or disseyue, soulis [L ad capiendas animas].
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)238/29 : Þise raueners compasseþ þe pore peple..Som þei take..by plee and fals questes, and somtyme þei feyn snarus and grennus vppon hem.
2c.
Fig. To seize (one's advantage); ~ time, take advantage of (one's) opportunity.
Associated quotations
- c1450 Lydg.SSecr.Ctn.(Sln 2464)2459 : In poyntes of werre take thyn avayl.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)187/34 : Spar neuir thyn enmy, but qwan thow mayst preuayle myghtili, take þine auauntage.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7067 : He þat tas not his tyme, when þe tyde askes..Wite not his wirdis, þof hym woo happyn.
3a.
(a) To take possession of something, esp. selfishly, wrongfully, or forcibly; steal; also, in partitive construction with of phrase: ~ to hem of, appropriate to themselves some of (Holy Church's goods); finden litel to ~ to, find little to appropriate, find little to plunder; (b) to seize (a castle, ship, city, etc.) by military action, capture; take possession of (sth.) by force; confiscate (goods, money), take (spoils); arrest (a ship); steal (sth.); also fig.; also, appropriate (sth. for one's own use); with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ on (to), appropriate (sth.) to (oneself); ~ preie, seize booty, steal an object [see also preie n.(2) 1.(b)]; also, with adverbs: ~ awei (up), seize (sth.) by force, arrest (a ship); ~ in, appropriate (a piece of land) wrongfully, encroach on illegally; (c) to accede (to rulership) [1st quot.]; gain rulership over (a kingdom); ~ coroune, take the crown, become ruler; ~ ever-lasting lif, fig. lay hold upon everlasting life, seize the eternal life; ~ possessioun, acquire territory, get control of a piece of property; gain a kingdom; also, gain possession (of sth.); ~ seisine (seisinge), take seizin, take possession or control; establish one's authority [quot. a1425 Siege Troy(1)]; ~ to (upon), take to (oneself rulership of an empire or a kingdom); (d) ~ in (in-to) honde (possessioun), to take (sth., a country) into one's possession, seize, take control of; confiscate (goods); (e) chess to capture (a piece) in chess; ~ up.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.144 : Þe grete lordynges of þis werlde..han oo conseil, þat is þe conseil of þis werlde, forto take [F conquerre] wiþ riȝth & wiþ wrong of her vnderlynges & of her neiȝbours.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lam.4.6 : Sodomys..is turned vp so doun in a moment & toc not in to it hondis [WB(2): hondis token not therynne; L non ceperunt in ea manus].
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)23/16 : Is it nouȝt greuous to ȝou þat ȝoure cosyns & ȝoure kynnesmen takiþ to hem of holy chirche goodes?
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)183 : Coueitise..eggith folk..To take, and yeue right nought ageyne.
- a1450(?1404) As þe see (Dgb 102)25 : Tak fro þi foo, and ȝeue þi frende.
- (1473) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)11.789 : That thai wer be Force..put in Pruson, and uthir men unlathfully Takand and Intromettand with thair Guddis.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)380 : Litill thei founde in the contrey to take to, ffor all was turned from theire power into stronke fortresses.
b
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : Eall þæt he mihte tacen wið innen & wið uten of læred & of læwed swa he sende ouer sæ.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)148/9 : Twa þinges beoð þet godd haueþ edhalden to him seoluen..wurðschipe & wrake..Hwa se eauer on him seolf takeð owðer of þeos twa he robbeð godd.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3913 : Ðis folc him slog and his lond tok.
- a1350 Harrow.H.(Hrl 2253)103 : Heouene ant erþe tac to þe; Soules in helle lef þou me.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)147 : Angis tok..Mani castels and tounes arowe, And put þerin his men Forto stonden our oȝen.
- 1372 ME Verse in Grimestone PB (Adv 18.7.21)p.19 : Seketourus ben fikele and taken þat he finde.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.8.25 : The moneys of hem that camen to the bying of hem taken vp [L sublatis], on eche syde thei pursueden hem.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.187 : Among þe prayes þat þe Romayns took [L tulerant] out of þe Iewerye, þey took [L translata fuisse] out of þe schryne of God a candelstikke and a metebord.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)456 : Þei come bi tholomers tentes, vn-housed hem sone, Token holliche his stor, and a-wei streiȝten.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)191a/b : He tooke þat londe out of Amoreyses honde with bowe and with swerde.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2082 : Þe synne ys nat forȝyuen þe man, But he restore þat he haue tan.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2196 : Ȝyf þou be a lordyng, And outraiusly takyst mennys þyng yn tyme of werre or tyme of pes, Þou stelyst hyt.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)979 : Þe spoyle þai token of þe dede, Hors and armes gode at nede.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)200/9 : Cursed be he þat takeþ awei his neiȝebores goodus or londis.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5894 : Mi modir..hath tan many a fortresse.
- (1436) Doc.Trade in BRS 766 : The seid ship and balynger toke a shippe of Brystowe clepid the Cristofre, the whiche..had robbyd certeyn godes of the pepill of the seid Contrey.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)107/3 : Þer wer non Englisch schepys þat myth seylen þedyr, for þei wer arestyd & takyn up for þe kyng.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)116/22 : Ylion, the faire stronge castell, Was take and brent.
- (1444) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.14 : That the Wardeins..haue auctoritee..to..assaie alle tynne..And alle the tynne by theim to befounde deceyuable and vntrewe to take and areste to the vse of the Chambre of the Gildehalle.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)2748 : They..take grete pray on euery syde.
- (1450) RParl.5.200a : Diverse misgoverned persones..takyn..diverse Persones, Goodes, and Cateil..undur colour of distres.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1446 : Þe toune of Tire þus he tuke & othire twa burȝes.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)6512 : Þei..sayd þat þei suld bryn and slay Ebrews þat in þat Cete dwell and all þer thresour to þem ta.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)297/5 : He wronguslie tuke away & held in possession vnto hym selfe iij howsis of Saynt Laurens kurk.
- (1457-8) *Plea & Mem.R.Lond.GildhA.81.7 : All the remanent of grounde..is but of late tyme encroched & taken ynne, & [they] owen not for to haue it, olesse then they can shewe ony evidence..vnto þe contrary.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)416/8 : Yf hit were I-cesed in the payment of the forsaid rente..hit shold be lawfull..to entre the forsaid tenement and to take and hold all maner of goodes and catallis.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)139 : The same pouere men wolde haue toke thair godes.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)95/5 : Althymonydes..kepte the cite of Siracuse that it shulde not be taken by the Romayns.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)716 : Take þer monay, kytt þer throtys, thus ouerface þem.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.197 : It is vnleful for to takyn onyþing for þe vhs þat owyth to ben comoun to alle.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.256 : Þe kyng roos up and wente into þe vynyȝerd & tooc it to hym.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1512 : His towne was takon and tirnyt to grounde.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)237/169 : There commandment wee must obeye or elles they would without delaye..take our good.
c
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Te eorl of Angæu wærd ded, & his sune Henri toc to þe rice..Henri..toc..al Peitou.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14959 : Tatt te Laferrd Jesu Crist Toc kinedom onn erþe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Apoc.17.12 : Ten kynges..ȝit han not takun kingdom, but thei shulen take power as kinges.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.813 : Thei token the possessioun After the composicioun Among hemself, and therupon Thei made an Emperour anon.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.564 : Ther takth Asie ferst seisine Toward the West.
- (a1419) Let.Whitchurch in MLR 2274 : Jon Hullemore..went to Eddysley by record of neghbores and took ceson þere.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)1 Tim.6.12 : Apprehende uitam eternam..Take þou þe euerlastande life in to þe whiche þou art callid.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)160/2036 : Þe kyng dwelled in troye..A moneþ..And sesen in troye..gon take.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)211/17 : Loue is entrid for to take possessioun of þat hous.
- (a1450) Paston2.522 : I chargge yow bere record how I am kept owth with strong hand and may not take poscession.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10860 : He last not lang..An aȝary heyȝt hym wrang, slo hym and toke þe crown.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)59 : This man..took up on him þat empir.
- c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853)28 : Þouȝ..from heuen til erþe his sone be sent In mankinde to take a cesoun, We schulen..clayme ihesu for oure rent.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)94/12 : Þer shal no vertu receyue þe blisse of heuen with oute þat perseuerauns or longeabiding take sesing a fore for hem alle.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)128/21 : In þe v ȝere Edward went into Frauns and took seson in his wyues heritage.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)206/1690 : He..wedde Dame pollexne..And take þe kyngdom with her.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 2250)10402 : Þo Holy Gost wele heytes þo saules in queche he tas seyson.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)64/130 : Possidite paratum vobis regnum a constitucione mundi..take to you þe kingdome made redi for you fro þe begynnyng of þe worlde.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1685 : Thei tok in possession The londes of promission.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4326 : Al þe tresour & riches of þe tovn Þei toke anoon in to her pocessioun.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Jer.13.2 : Y took in possessioun a brei-girdil.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)34 : Landes..goodes, and catell off euery ffreman..shulde not be take into the kyngis hande, but yiff they were leffully fforfet.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10846 : To Ramatha [read: Rama] he con repayre, and toke yt into his hand.
- c1450 Al holy (Eg 3307)p.62 : The kyng exilyd hym owt of land And toke hys good in hys hond.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)98/331b : Fisco: to takyn in to the kyngis hand.
e
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1812 : The next drauȝt aftir, he toke a roke for nauȝte.
- a1475 Chess(1) (Porter)602 : Chec wt R in knyȝts ward, & he take it vp wt þe knyȝt.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)71 : Whenne he [pawn] goth aside, he takith anoþer.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)71 : Þe rook..holdith length & brede, and takith vp what so is in his way.
3b.
(a) To appropriate (a right); ~ upon hem-self licence, take to themselves license (to do sth.); (b) ~ place, to take (someone's) place, replace (sb.);—used fig.
Associated quotations
a
- a1500 Chartier Dial.F.&F.(Sion Arc.L.40.2/E.43)21/7 : Myghty men whyche vsurpe and take vppon hemself lycence for to breke the lawe comaunde the pore men to paye and suffre the penaunce of the lawe.
b
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4742 : Where is be-come þi feyned fals constance? In stede of whiche, mvtabilite Hath take his place.
4.
(a) To capture prey [quot. ?c1450]; capture and kill (an animal) in a hunt, hunt (prey) to kill, get (meat, venison) by hunting; catch (fish, a bird, etc.); also, capture alive (wild horses); seize (an animal) in order to slaughter it; of an animal, a bird of prey, spider: catch (prey), seize (another animal, bird, etc.); of a net: take (a fish, bird), ensnare; of a cobweb: catch (an insect); also in conventional comparisons and proverbs; ~ nede of, catch a needed amount of (fish); also, with adv.: ~ up, seize and slaughter (a horse as meat for hawks); ppl. taken as adj., in phrase: huntinge taken, prey which is caught, the spoils of the hunt; (b) fig. to hunt and catch (sb.), snare (sb., someone's foot), fish for and catch (a soul, the devil), pursue (a shadow).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1377 : All swa summ þatt oþerr bucc Toc þær wiþþ dæþess pine.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)13504 : An hunnte takeþþ der Wiþþ hise ȝæpe racchess.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)67/1142 : Mi net liþ her bi honde..Ihc am icome to loke Ef eni fiss hit toke.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3323 : Ðor migte euerilc man fugeles taken, So fele so he wulden raken.
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)p.174 : De treste du fermeyson [glossed:] taken of gres tyme.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2473 : Þo raches wiþ hem þai lede; Tristrem hem tauȝt..Bestes to take..An hast.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2282 : Þe provost..biset..þe quarrer al aboute, tiȝtli for to take þe tvo white beres.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.27.33 : Who þann is he þat now riȝt brouȝte to me huntyng taken?
- (c1390) Chart.Abbey HG (LdMisc 210)354 : He seiȝe seynt Petre & Andrew, his broþere, leggynge þere nettys in þe see to taken fisch.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2355 : He..takth the bridd to his beyete, Wher othre men the buisshes bete.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2428 : Jadahel..Ferst made Net and fisshes tok.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)141a/a : Thise foules..takeþ here pray fleynge in þe eire.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16932 : Iesus..werid him [Satan] on his aun bit..als þe fisch right wit þe bait apon þe hok es tan.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1920 : Syþen þay tan Reynarde & tyruen of his cote.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)115/8 : Adai þei [owls] hiden hem in þe schadewe..and anyȝt flen to take muys and ratouns.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)64b/b : Tendicula: a net to take bryddes.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)111/20-21 : Þere ben rattes..als grete as houndes here, And men taken hem with grete mastyfes, for cattes may not take [F prendre] hem.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)49b/b : 1a. intencion is complete..þat he abstene fro..metez as beþ cowe flesh and beef and þat ar taken with hontyng.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)358/34 : Al þis nyȝt we haue laborid in fisching & token noþing.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)7750 : He slees the Gregeis, as men take sparwes With lym or net or lymȝerdes.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)264 : I sall ȝow gyffe twa gud grewhundis..Þer es no beste on erthe þat ranne On fote þay will hym to [vr. tan].
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)48.327 : They fownden A vessel..And A Net þer-Inne, fysch forto take.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)2820 : Lop-webbys flyes smale & gnattes Taken, and suffre grete flyes go.
- (?a1450) Oath Bk.Colchester4 : Of al straungers which huntyth and takyth fox, hare, or cat withyn this libertie of this towne.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)865 : Esau veneson hath tone and broyȝt his fader for his beld.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Mary Oign.(Dc 114)149/7 : Wheþere wil [ȝe] folowe and take flyes and flyand botirflyes wiþ childer?
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)15a : He..let don takyn wyth engyns foure wilde hors..and dede do bynde Seyn Ypolyte to hem be þe hond and be þe fete and dede don betyn tauborys..for to make hem afrayd for to al to-drawe hym.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2158 : Fisshe of euery diuers kinde..stille abidith in þat stede Til eche man take of hym nede, And whan eche man hath his parte inome Thai swymmen forth.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)70/24 : Ther passed by the way a grete bore, and a grehounde toke the bore.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)143/22 : Yf þe angler take þe fysche hardly, þen ys þer no man meryer, þen he is in hys sprites.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)17/32 : Asmoche is he worthe that huntithe and takithe not, as he that herithe and vnderstondith not.
- (1471) Paston1.565 : I beseche yow, and my horse..be not takyn vp for the Kyngys hawkys, that he may be had hom and kept in your plase.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)2.13 : Dolphynes be taken there oftetymes, and..other grete fisches, excepte diuerse kyndes of schelle fisches, as muscles.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)92/10 : The coppewebbis toke not the grete flyes nor the gret hornettes, but it takith the lytle flyes and feble butturflyes.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)157/9 : A catte..as sone as he is ware of the mowse and caste for to take hir..will wagge his tayle.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)p.120 : Yf heua[n] falle, meny lerkys schall be take.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)4524 : Some bete the bussh and some the byrdes take.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)379 : Þe king made beestis to take And of hem sacrafice make.
- a1500 York House Bk.Hawking in Archiv 209 (Yk-H 45)32 : He must brynng with hym nedull and threde to encile the hawkis þat ben takenne.
- c1500 Melusine (Roy 18.B.2)79/24 : He weneth..to take the cranes flighing.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)13502 : Wel bilammp þatt tun till himm Þatt hunntess hus wass nemmnedd, Forr rihht he toc Natanaæl Wiþþ hise ȝæpe wordess.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)9.16 : In þe gnares þat þe folk hid is her forte [read: fote] taken.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Eccl.9.12 : As briddis ben caȝt with þe grene, so ben taken [L capiuntur] men in euel tyme, whan to þem sodeynly it comeþ ouer.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ecclus.34.2 : As he that takith schadewe and pursueth wynd.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)154/22 : If a soule arise not up anoon with verry mekenes..sche is anoon take by þe deuelis hook into hise hondis.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)323/20 : Wiþ þe mete of ȝoure manhood and þe hook of my godheed I took þe deuel.
5.
(a) To strike a blow, smite; make an attack; strike (sb.); attack (sb.) in battle; defeat (sb.) in combat, overthrow; strike (sb.) dead, kill; also, fig. of a sword: overtake (sb.), strike (sb.) down; ~ a stroke, deal (sb.) a blow; ben taken with dint of ded, die; (b) to spur (a horse); also, pat (a horse on the hindquarters) [quot. c1405]; ~ with spores, kick or strike (a horse) with the spurs; (c) ~ bite, of a spear: to strike a blow, hit; ~ honde with, ?attack against (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3267 : Euerich gan oþer wiþ launces take, Þat al to peces þai gun crake.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7098 : Þan þai werd hem wiþ swerd naked Þat, so fer so þai miȝten take, Non neiȝe hem com no miȝt Þat þai no slowen doun riȝt.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.42.16 : Swerd þat ȝee dreden þere shal take [L comprehendet] ȝou in þe lond of egipt, & hunger..shal cleue to ȝou in egipt, & þere ȝee shul dien.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1866 : Ye shul noon oother ende with me maken, That oon of yow ne shal be deed or taken.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.792 : I with my fist so took hym on the cheke That in oure fyr he fil bakward adoun.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)973 : Nicholas he took in þe swere, Þat he leide his heued to hyre.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2329 : So he took on his bacyn Þat he cleued hym to þe chyn.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3026 : Thelamoun..with new assaut of sharpe woundis..was take & left vp-on þe grene.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)29347 : He þat in turnament es tane, For he in þat tyme slas him-selue, In kirk-garth sall men noght him delue.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)23843 : Sa harde and eger on him þai tak, ffelde þai him dide foulie forsak.
- (1448) Paston2.28 : He..toke his master on the hepe suyche a stroke that neuer man may trust hym after.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)90 : We suld lyf wele ilkane, Or we with dynt of dede be tayne.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)283/35 : Sir Launcelot..toke hym on the hede, that downe he felle in a sowghe.
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton)f.80rb : Nabugodonosor .. toke [L (Vulg. Judith 1.5): obtinuit (Douay: overcame; Knox: defeated)] hym in the felde, wherof Nabugodonosor was exalted and enhaunsed hym self.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8224 : Ector..toke hym on þe hed, Þat he slode doun sleghly.
b
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3782 : He takes Bulcyphal by þe side, So a swalewe he gynneþ forþ glide.
- c1405 Chaucer CT.Fri.(Heng)D.1559 : This Cartere taketh [vr. takkith] his hors vp-on the croupe, And they bigonne drawen and to stoupe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4156 : Þe kyng..His hors fersly gan takyn in þe syde..And to Nestor..He rode anoon.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4300 : Hercules..With scharp spors his stede felly toke.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)14165 : He took his hors with the spores welfaste.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6394 : Ector..Toke his horse with his helis, hastid before.
c
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2444 : Þe spere was both stif and gode; Whare it toke bit, outbrast þe blode.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)289 : In maner, I have taken with yndes the hand [L Mox contuli cum Indis manu].
6a.
(a) To obtain (sth.), get; gain (victory), win (a prize); (b) to ask for and obtain (permission to leave); also fig.; ~ conge, ask for and obtain permission to leave; take (one's) leave, depart; ~ conge of (to), ~ conge and licence of, request permission to go from (sb.); take (one's) leave of (sb.); ~ leve, ask for and obtain permission to go, take (one's) leave; bid farewell; depart; also, abandon (sth.), quit [quot. c1475 (?a1440)]; die [quots. 1372 & ?a1400(a1338)]; ~ leve at (from, of, on), take leave of (sb. or sth.), bid farewell to (sb. or sth.); leave or abandon (sb. or sth.) [see also leve n.(2) 2.(b), (c)]; (c) in phrase with inf.: ~ leve, to ask for and obtain permission (to go, depart, etc.); (d) ~ avis (avisement, counseil), to obtain advice, get counsel; ~ red, get advice; also, with hou clause: get advice how (one might do sth.); (e) to procure (temporary lodgings on behalf of oneself or another person), hire; ~ (on) in, ~ up logginge; ~ hostel to his lordes honde, procure lodgings for his lord's use; (f) to rent (property), take a lease on, gain the use of in return for a fixed payment; ~ to ferme, law procure the use of or revenues from (a piece of property, tenement, town, etc.) in return for a fixed payment.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1311 : Fader..quar sal ben taken Ðe offrende ðat ðu wilt maken?
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3194 : Ðor he doluen..and hauen up brogt Ðe bones..He dede is binden & faire loken, Alle ðe bones ðe he ðor token.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3530 : God hem bad bodes manige on And lages, and hu he sulen maken Ðe tabernacle, and wor-of taken Ðe gold and siluer and ðe bras, Ðe syðen don dor-on was.
- c1330 Horn Child (Auch)1096 : Þat day Horn þe turnament wan..He toke þe gre þat was a swan & sent to rimnild his leman.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1109 : This knyht..thoghte of hire his lust to take.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6133 : He..tok his lust under the schawe Ayein love and ayein his lawe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7438 : He [David] bigan to gleu or sing, Of his vn-ro he tok lething [Göt: resting].
- a1400 Comp.Our Lady (Pep 2498)77/9 : He wett a morsel of bred & putt it in Iudas mouþe, and þe deuel entred wiþ it & took þan so gret power ouer hym.
- a1400 Fasc.Mor.(Hrl 7322)Tag 44 : Bleþeli i fitte, þe maistri forto take.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ecclus.51.36 : Take ȝe [L adsumite] techyng in myche noumbre of siluere, and welde ȝe plenteuouse gold ther ynne.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)5624 : He rode to him with gret envye To take on Paris Maystrye.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)105 : She plauntede the hegge..for to take ther of yerdes and baleys.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)131 : Hyt is therfore byhouefull þat we now serch how the kyng mey haue such livelod; but ffirst, off what comodites it mey best be take.
b
- a1300(c1250) Floris (Vit D.3)153 : Takeþ is leue [Cmb: Feire of him he nimeþ leue].
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)27/463 : Horn tok his leue, For hit was neȝ eue.
- c1300 SLeg.Magd.(2) (LdMisc 108)461 : Þe prince tok leue of seint petur and þonkede him fale siþe.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1387 : Þanne he hauede his bede seyd..His leue at ihesu crist he tok.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2200 : Ðes oðere breðere sone..Token leue and wenten hom.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1668 : Gij..toke his leue From þe gode ermite.
- 1372 At þe time (Adv 18.7.21)19 : Þu toke þi leue, & into þi fader hond þe holigost þu ȝeue.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1162 : The Gregois token leve tho..And forth thei wenten into Schipe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1365 : Seth..His leue wald take at [Göt: of] cherubin.
- (a1400) Chaucer CT.Rt.(Manly-Rickert)I.1081 : Heere taketh the makere of this book his leue.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.71 : Our fredom þat day for euer toke þe leue, For Harald it went away.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.202 : Clergye to conscience no congeye wolde take.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)19 : Ȝif he may not abide, he [deer] takeþ þan his leeue of his haunte.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)235 : Mi leve of mine ost toke I þare.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.211 : She took hire leve at hem ful thriftily.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)358 : He on aeld man and a grefe..wyll of werld noght take hys leyf.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)72 : That comlyche conquerour commaundez hym seluyn þat ylke a lorde sulde lenge, and no lefe take, To the tende day.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)17592 : Of ȝow moste j taken counge.
- c1450 Page SRouen (Glb E.8)406/25 : Thanne Vmfreuyle, his leue he tace and passid forthe..To erlis.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)6197 : Thow shalt ha lycence To tak..conge.
- a1475(c1441) Lament Duch.Glo.(Cmb Hh.4.12)106 : Farewell, london, and hafe good day; At the I take my leve thys tyde.
- c1475(?a1440) Burgh Cato(1) (Rwl C.48)739 : Ouer his power what man leste to meeve With shame his werke moste nedis take leve.
- c1475(?c1451) Worcester Bk.Noblesse (Roy 18.B.22)30 : No cheveteyn can..kepe..good men of armes eville paied..but as sone as paiment failethe..takethe theire congie and licence of theire prince.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)946 : On the morrow Rose Torrente And toke leve on kyng and knyght.
- a1525(1470) Rebell.Lin.(ArmsV 435)6 : He had taken hys lyve of hym at London, to have goone westward.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)661 : The lady with loutyng þen hir leue tase.
- a1600(1472) Rec.Bluemantle (Jul C.6)388 : He tok his conie or leve of the Kinge..and turned to Westmynster.
c
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)331 : Rohand toke leue to ga.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)107 : Þai token her leue forto fare & þonked him mani a siþe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.363 : For of hir fader hadde she take leue To goon to reste.
- a1400(c1250) Floris (Eg 2862)379 : He took his leue for to goo.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)997 : Fayre her leue token þay To wende yn-to anoþer contray.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)522 : Þe Kyng..toke his leue for to ride.
d
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3069 : Goð vt..red ic sal taken.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)5.29 : Wysman and wyle-man his felawe Fayn were to folwen hem..To take red.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)91a/b : It is good þat þe surgene in þat case take counselle of a discrete ffisisien þat kunne dispoce & ordeine for þe pacient as it is moste nescessarie.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.858 : Ye Mair and ye gude men sulde send certeyn men..to the archibisshopp..and take his consell and avys yar in.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)144,148 : I sall tak concell at kynges enoyntede, Off dukes & duspers and doctours noble..þus schall I take avisemente of valiant beryns.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)12033 : Sen þou takes rede of belsabub..Als sone þou sall be ded.
- c1450 Siege Troy(1) (ArmsAr 22)29/347 : Þe kyng of hys consel tok red How he meyth venge of hys deþ.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)368/14 : Trust nat so miche in thyne owne witte..but that thou take awise and counseill of othir.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)10/21 : I haue herde ofte tymes þat it is more sure to here and to take counseile þan to yeue counseile.
e
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)77 : My man to-forn..took myn Inne anon Wher þe pylgrymes were logged.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)458 : Shee bad him for to go And take hire In, so þat shee honestly Mighte Inned been.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)1010 : The best hostel that he fond He toke it to his lordes hond.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)960 : Messengeres..come to þe kowrt of Rome To take her lordes inne.
- a1500 Amadace (Adv 19.3.1)195 : At the marchandes hows owre yn thou tak on.
- a1500 Rule Serve Ld.(Add 37969)15/20 : Yemen of þe chambre..haue take vpe loggyng for his lorde, and for hym selfe in his owne maner.
f
- (c1396) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.234/34 : Thomas Bradle & Richard langeforde..with force & armes entredyn in-to þe chaumbre þat Will Auerey made, þe weche þat he tok of þe same priour & hys Couent.
- (1419) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8514 : That nane entir..bot thay that has taken tham to ferme.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)157 : Take a þynge to ferme..ad firmam accipio.
- (a1443) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xxxviii : Harry Rawe hathe take the toune of Rouchester to forme, to that entent for to oppresse the men of the toune.
- (1446) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.37 : The said john Roope toke parcell of the said john meuerell, parte of the said maner of Stapeley, to terme of yeres, as hit apereth by the jndenture.
- (1447) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.41 : Sampson schall take the forsayd maner of ffroddeswall in ferme..for euer a yere ten pounde.
- (1450) RParl.5.187a : If eny persone hath taken eny Londes or Tenementes to ferme of us, and yeruppon have spende grete good, [etc.].
- a1450 Þis word lordlinggis (Sln 2593)p.245 : This word..May be lyknyd to an husbonde That takit a ferme into his honde, To yelde therof serteyn pay.
- (c1461) Paston1.521 : In as myche as Stwkle had promysyd me to purvey for the londys for thys yer, I cownselyd my modyr þat he schuld not haue heme wyth-owt he wold tak hem for a longer terme.
- (?1475) Stonor1.159 : John Fortescu..toke j close of the sayde tenement..for ij yere..and layd a downe hys mony..and now he wyll hold hyt lengger agaynst the pore man ys wyll.
6b.
(a) To have a share, participate, partake; ~ of, partake of (earthly things, sexual gratification, etc.); participate in (virtuous acts); (b) ~ part, to have a share, participate; ~ part of, have a share in (sth., the Holy Spirit), partake of; also, participate in (the life of grace); take part in (the church).
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2506 : Vlfin and Merlin and þe king At hom bileued and bispake Hou þai miȝt of loue take.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)51/16 : Prechouris schulden not take of erþeli þingis, but oonli for her sustynaunce.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)283 : Þe lustis taking of þe outward and inward sensual wittis derken oure resoun toward alle maner trouþis.
- ?c1450(a1388) Wallingford Exafrenon (Dgb 67)215 : Fore that she [mercury] is takande of all the 4 qualites, therfore..she is convertid til her qualite.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.2.14 : For children comuneden to fleisch and blood..he also took part of [L participavit] the same.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.48 : Thus hath he, that he noght ne hath, For he therof his part ne tath.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)162/8 : By affeccioun sche conceyueþ vertues, takynge part of my myȝt and power.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)162/11 : Sche takeþ part of my sooþfaste sones wisdom.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)162/20 : Also sche takeþ part..of þe holy goost.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)220/24 : Þis..liȝt..is necessarie to euery creature þat..desireþ to take part of þe liif of grace.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)259 : Making of chirchis, wiþ þe oþere deedis afore named..ben vertuose werkis of almes..and if he take part þerof wiþ hise neiȝboris, þei ben in þat and as to himward.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)39 : If ani of prestis..hold concubyn opunly..we bid him..tak no part of þe kirk.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)92b : To take Parte: participo.
6c.
To acquire (a habit), fall into.
Associated quotations
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)3a : Qwanne þai be comyn to gresse, lere hem to ben teyȝed, for þan þei shul take her tacchys, or good or wyk.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11889 : Custoom take in tendre age..Wyth [vr. Wyth-out] labour..Ys ful hard to parte away.
7.
(a) To lead or bring (sb., an animal) to or from a place, bring (sb.) somewhere; bring (sb.) along, escort (sb.); with inf.: carry (Christ) off (to suffer death), lead away; also, with indirect obj.: take (sb. with oneself), take (sb. in one's company) [quot. c1300]; fig. of discretion: guide (sb. in a matter) [quot. 1460]; ~ apart (bisides, on side), take (sb.) aside; ~ awei, lead (sb.) away; ~ bodi to religioun, take (one's) body to the religious life, enter a religious order; ~ forth, to lead (sb.) forth; to receive (sb.) in a place of honor [cp. sense 8.], push to the fore; ~ in, bring (sb.) inside; ~ in a counseil, bring (sb.) before a council; ~ in privete, take (sb.) aside privately; ~ oute, lead (sb.) out of a place; ~ over, transfer (sb. to a place), bring or carry away; ~ til (to), as prep.: carry off (a soul) to (hell); escort (sb.) to (sb.); lead or bring (sb.) to (prison); ~ to, as adv.: take (sb.) along (to a place) [quot. a1500(?a1325)]; ~ until, transport (Jesus' earthly flesh) to (God); (b) to lead (a band of troops, an army, etc.) in an action; assemble (an army, a group, etc.) prior to an action; ~ the first ward (the fore-warde), lead the first division, take the vanguard; with adverbs: ~ to, assemble or lead (a number of troops); ~ up, levy (troops); (c) to go and get (sb. or sth.), fetch; have (sb.) brought before one, summon (sb.); also, with indirect obj.: summon (sb. to oneself) [quot. c1440]; (d) to bring (sth.), carry (sth.) along; also fig.; take (sth. to a place); transport (a load); with adverbs: ~ in, bring (a captured ship) to port; ~ mid, bring (sth.) along, bring with one; (e) to bring (sb.) forward, produce (sb. in assertion of a claim); show (sth.), present; offer (sth.); also, with indirect obj.: show (sb. sth.), present (sth. to sb.); ~ forth (oute), bring (sth.) forward, present; bring (sth.) out, get out for use; ~ hider hondes and fet, offer (one's) hands and feet (to be bound); ~ oute of tonge, fig. put forth (what one has in one's heart) by means of (one's) tongue, speak out; (f) of a finger: to guide (a loop of silk thread through another loop) in lacemaking; of a road: convey (sb.); —used fig.; ~ to eres, make (a text) accessible to (someone's) ears; (g) of someone's inclinations: to conduce (to sth.); (h) with diminished force, in conjunction with another verb which conveys the chief semantic notion: to take or get (sb. and do sth. else).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11348 : Tanne toc þe deofell himm Inntill.. Ȝerrsalæm.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)17/283 : He tok him [vr. wiþ him] anoþer, Athulf, hornes broþer.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)943 : Vndelt hes leide quor-so hes tok.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)4111 : Tac him bi-foren eleazar..And ðine hondes ley him on.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2318 : Oþer kinges and doukes..Token oþer leuedis sleiȝe; Togider hem set and made solas.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)333 : Þe fairest hauke he gan ta.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)7/64 : Þis ich quen, Dame Heurodis, Tok to maidens..& went..To play bi an orchard-side.
- (1381) Let.Ball in Robbins Hist.Poems (Roy 13.E.9)p.55 : Biddeþ Pers plouȝman go to his werk..and takeþ wiþ ȝow Iohan Trewman and alle hijs felawes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Esd.2.1 : Þe men sones of þe prouynce þat steȝeden vp fro þe caitiftee þat nabugodonosor king of babiloyne hadde takyn ouer [WB(2): translatid; L transtulerat] in to babiloyne.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1446 : Daun Iohn sobrely This chapman took a part.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2812 : Loth went and til his maues spak, þar vte þat suld his doghters take [Göt: tac].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20564 : All mi frend þat i þar fande I tok þam forth [Göt: vte] on mi right hand.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)39/487 : Y went to anre fforest To hunte to sum wylde best And toke with me my hunt And my houndes.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)1436 : His saule it was til hell tane.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)4.77 : Wisdome and witte þanne wenten togideres And toke Mede myd hem.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)330 : With þe þou take Þe makez of þy myry sunez.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)255 : Þey..tokyn Vter and Pen dragon And passed ouer þeo see anon.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 5.27 : Whanne þei hade ledde hem forþe, þei toke hem in a kownseyl.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)9.1596 : This Constaunce hath the world forsake And to religioun hath hir bodi take.
- 1448 *Glo.Chron.C (Arms 58:Kooper)f.156v : A grete congregacion of noble men was ther in the solempnite of Ester with pope John and emperoure Conrarde .. which all toke me forth worshipfullich [L (Wm of Malmesbury (Stubbs, 222)): me et honorifice suscepere] and whith grete yeftes honourrede.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)317 : This wikked womman..took the ȝongest Soster on Syde and anon with hire counseilled.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)1148 : Thanne the justice..thike two women token beside and of hem axeden..ȝif it were soth that the child spak.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)1317 : Tak thy Modyr jnto a chambre anon.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)983 : Ȝif þou seest þi broþer mysdo, take hym in priuyte; Vndertake hym fayre of his mysdede betwen hym & te.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1097 : He ros vp fro deþ to lyue..Oure lord hym tok alyue to his moder, and alle glad þei were.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)244/90 : Fadir..I fele by my ferdnes my flesshe wolde full fayne Be torned fro this turnement and takyn þe vntill..But..Be it..wroght even at thyne awne will.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)320/15 : Þo men þat were in þe werld wer taken a-vey as prisoners.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)322/3 : Crist, when he was taken to suffure dethe, þat tyme she abode with hym and was euermore stedfast.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)449/17 : Þai..tuke hur in-to þer ship.
- c1450 PPl.B (RwlPoet 38)16.273 : I..sued hym for he softe ȝede, þat he toek vs as tit.
- (1460) Paston (Gairdner)3.216 : Kepe thees maters secrete..Other thynges been that sounden not wele, but as I fele your wisdham take me in this, so herafter I wil demene me with you in maters.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)252/615 : Now, welcome judas..Take hym in, serys, be þe honde.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)57/9 : The gret ryche sheppherde..taketh with him..diligent..servauntis.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)342 : Douȝter, tak to the messanger Into thy chaumber ryȝt now here, And arme hym wel and sure.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1544 : Saue hym quyk on lyue and to preson hym take.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.239 : Þu schal han with þe two assessouris be wose conceyl þu schal demyn þiself, And þo schul ben treuþe & resoun; Tac with þe trewþe þat þu make no fals excusacion of þin synne.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)247 : Takithe me with yow.
b
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Þe king..toc his feord & besæt hire in þe tur.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)71/1235 : Horn tok his preie & dude him in þe weie.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)6075 : Ten þusend cnihtes tock Gracien forþrihtes.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)346 : He wold taken al his ost And leden hem to his cuntraye.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.4.1 : Gorgias toke to [L adsumpsit] fyue thousand of men and a thousand chosen horsmen, and thei moueden tentis by nyȝt.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1026 : This worthy duc..took his hoost, and hom he ryt anoon.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2751 : He..took..þre þousande kniȝth, Þat hem holdeþ alle ylore.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1591 : With gret stuf þus he gan to ride, Takyng vp men fro euery cost, Til he hym made a ful myȝti host.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2590 : Tho lordes..ryden hom..To stuffen hem, and taken vp meyne, And make hem stronge with knyghtes and squyers.
- (1443) Proc.Privy C.5.257 : To John Dawson, a commission to take vj gonners.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)10481 : Aftyr this devisede kyng Ban his meyne, and ek his brothir king Boors..So that to sire pharens tooken they þe ferste warde.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)429 : Þe fauward Titus toke..With six þousand soudiours assyned for þe nones.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)24/28 : Merlion..toke no mo with hym but ten thousand men on horsebake.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)174/461 : If ye take your-self your Ost And goth to greke..Þou shalt be..ouer-þrouwe.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)187/1086 : Take your host in-to þe feld, The folke of greke batayle to yelde.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)8355 : Josæp, ris upp & tacc þe child, & tacc þe childess moderr, & farr till Issraæless land.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2617 : Wilt ðu, leuedi, ic go fear out And take sum wimman of ðat kin Ðor he was bi-gote & fostred in?
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.77 : Goo & take þe book þat is open of þe aungels honde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1317 : For also wel sche myhte seie, 'Go tak the Mone ther it sit.'
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1454 : Þerfore bid we þat heo beo take, And serche al abowte hire þan, And ȝe schal fynde hire a womman.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)807 : Than waknez þe wyese kynge..Takes hym two phylozophirs, that folowede hym euer.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1277 : Then was Ioseph tan forto rede this consell.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)39/120 : Of euery kyndys best a cowpyl þou take.
d
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)360 : Grante him þat þu wilt so, And tak mid [Auch: nim wiȝ þe] amoreȝe suche two.
- c1330 SMChron.(Auch)705 : In winter he schuld take penis þre.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Esd.1.11 : Alle þe vesselis goldene & siluerene..alle zazabazar tooc [L tulit], with hem þat steȝeden vp..in to ierusalem.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.3742 : Was non of hem that he ne hath A pot of erthe, in which he tath A lyht brennende in a kressette.
- a1400(c1250) Floris (Eg 2862)687 : Þe þrydde day take [Auch: bere wiȝ þe] an hundred pound And þy coupe hool and sound.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4799 : Siluer inogh wit yow yee tak.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)16556 : In tua þis tre þai schare; Als mekil als þai sau þat gained, þai tok þaim and na mare.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)76/24 : Hij wenten out aȝeins hym and tooken braunches in her hondes of olyue.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Pass.(Hrl 4196)162/652* : In to þe temple he gert it [tree of the cross] ta.
- (1436) Doc.Trade in BRS 766 : The seid ship and balinger of Nucastell..have seised and taken in the..ship cleped the Cristofre of Brystowe, with the Maistre and other malefesours that were therein.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)478 : He went forthe..Tuke with hym his schorte spere.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)254/13 : Þe kyngis nowte-hard..tuke provand in þe kyngis pales to his catell.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)54/1 : Þat gladsum oyle..þe wise maydenes toke in here vessellis.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)674 : Holde, I prey yow, and take yt wyth yow.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)38/1344-5 : The foly maydenes token here lampis, but þey had non oyle with hem, And þe wyse maydenes to oyle with hem.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)159 : Spounges þai token hom ichon ful of water, hor lif to saue.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.312 : We must takyn with us in our fyȝt þe sonne & þe lyȝt of Goddis grace and þe wynd of holy preyere.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)128/615 : Take þe mony þat þou laft þer and no more with þe.
e
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)45/379 : Þet haueð in heorte..take ut of his tunge & tauele wið me.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)1 : Heo tok forþ a wel fair þing, Of hire finger a riche ryng.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)159 : He com to þe gate, þe porter he fond..And tok him to tokne þis ring; And þerfore he hauede wel fair gestning.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)640 : Þe pouer man..Tok forþ anoþer ring.
- c1390 NHom.Virg.to Devil (Vrn)12 : Whon tyme com he schulde make A ffeste and hedde nouȝt to take, Durste he nouht dwelle at home, But wente in to desert for schome.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)287 : His aristable he took out sone; Þe cours he tolde of sonne and mone.
- ?1403 Yk.BPrayer(1) (Harv Widener 1)64/14 : Ȝe sal mak your prayers..for al prelates..that god len thaim grace so for to reuel the popil, and swilk ensaumpil for to tak or scheu thaim, and thaim for to do thare-after.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1432 : Nede heo moste þat game forsake, For heo no hadde takil forþ to take.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.2446 : Thei took a galaunt born of louh lynage Callid Ballas..And affermede..How he was..iust heir in substaunce To Epiphanes.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.2341 : She..Took hem sixe lettres set in pleyn scripture, Which in no wise thei myhte nat refuse.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2112 : When sex moneths er fully gon, Þen sall þis rewel eft furth be ton, And red to hir.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1765 : Now, Eolus..Tak out thy trumpe of gold..And blow.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)199 : Take hider thine handes and thi feet; I wole sette thee as a faucoun in gesse.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)209/1800 : Alisaunder take a spere forth þanne, Ayen sir aiax fast he ryde be-ganne.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)191/31 : He descendyd fro hys mule, take forth hys vyteillis, and fedde þis Jwe wele.
f
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)9.3 : I schuld take [L traderem] to þe eerez of ourn þe fyue bokez of moyses translatid from hebrew speche in to latyn tonge.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23814 : Es þar na mending þan þe state, Es þar na wai..Cun tak us better þan we did.
- a1425 Direct.Laces in Studies Robbins (Hrl 2320)97 : Þen lowe þy lyft bowys, and A lyfte schal take þorowout B, C of þe same hond þe bowe C of þe ryȝt hond reuercyd.
g
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)6/144 : Mankynde of moulde will I make..fyrste wille I fourme hym before All thyng that sall hym restore, To whilke þat his talents will take.
h
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.2 : He took his seruaunt seint Iohan þewangelist..& yschewed hym þe grete godes þat hij shullen resceyuen in þis lijf.
8.
(a) To receive (sb.) into one's company, care, etc.; take (a city) under one's protection; admit (sb.) to a guild, religious house, etc.; accept (sb.) to one's employ, tutelage, or service; accept (sb.) as a suitor of one's daughter [2nd quot.]; of God, Christ: receive (someone's soul), take (sb.) to himself, take (sb.) under his protection; of the earth: receive (sb.) in burial; with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ to (until), take (sb.) to (oneself), take (sb.) under (one's) protection; with adverbs: ~ in, receive (sb.) into one's household or service; also, of a grave: receive (a body), take in; ~ ner, become familiar or intimate with (sb.); ~ to, receive (sb.) into one's company; of God: take (sb.) to himself; ~ up, protect (sb.); (b) ~ at the font-ston, to receive (a child) at the baptismal font, stand as sponsor to; ~ in bondehede (theinhede), receive (sb.) into servitude; ~ in cure, ~ in (in-til, until) kepinge, ~ in ward, take (sb.) under one's care or protection, look after (sb.); ~ in-to (to) felaushipe, accept (sb.) as an associate; ~ in-to frendshipe, take (sb.) for a friend, enter into friendship with (sb.); ~ in-to lore, take (sb.) under one's tutelage; ~ in-to (to) servise, receive (sb.) into one's service or employ; ~ on honde, take (sb.) on as a patient, give medical care to; ~ to covenaunt, receive (sb.) into one's service or employ under legal contract; ~ to gest, receive (sb.) as a guest; ~ to lef, take (sb.) as (one's) lover; (c) ~ in-to pite, to be merciful to (sb.); ~ to (unto) grace, be merciful to (sb.); receive (sb.) with good will, grant one's good will to; of God: receive (sb.) into (his) grace; ~ to (unto) merci, pardon or forgive (sb.), be merciful to (a city); have mercy on (a lover), give (a lover) his desire; also, of God: receive (one who has died) into (his) presence [quots. c1450 & 1458]; ~ up to grace, accept (sb.) with love, love (sb.); (d) ~ to, to take on (an apprentice), take into one's employment; ~ with, look after (sb.), take care of; also, of God: receive (sb. who turns to him); (e) ~ til (to) herte, to take (sb.) to one's heart, hold (sb.) dear; (f) to take dominion over (animals), subjugate; (g) ppl. takinge as adj., in phrase: takinge gate, ?receiving gate, admitting gate [prob. from misunderstanding of L capenus adj. as if from capere; could also be construed as taking(e ger.].
Associated quotations
a
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)15/227 : Stiward, tak nu here Mi fundlyng for to lere of þine mestere.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)395 : Yuel were mi fairhed sett on þe, & y swiche a grome toke, & so mani grete lordinges for-soke.
- c1330 St.Mary Magd.(1) (Auch)336 : Þan miȝt þai..nouȝt On non wise graue maken, Hir bodi in for to taken.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ruth 1.17 : What erþe þee takeþ [WB(2): resseyue; L susceperit] dyynge, in it I schal dyen.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.26.10 : My fadir & my modir forsooken me, þe lord forsoþe haþ taken me to [L collegit me].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.48.16 : Neuer þe latere god shal aȝeen bien my soule fro þe hond of helle whan he shal taken me to [WB(2): take me; L acceperit me].
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1439 : Theseus hath taken hym so ner That of his chambre he made hym a squier.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.9 : He lefte olde men and took [Higd.(2): drawede to; L adhæsit] ȝongelynges.
- c1390 Swete Ihesu now (Vrn)425 : Ihesu..Tac my soule at my diȝyng.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)254 : What have y wroght Þat y shulde euer hym forsake Þat ys so redy me efte to take.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6504 : And so by praier of þis woful quene, Þis Eneas toke to hym Polycene..And secrely putte hir vp in clos.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)197 : Þe maisters teched him a lessown; When ane him left, anoþer him toke, Þat he was euer halden at his boke.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.47.4 : God schal be knowun in the housis therof [Zion] whanne he schal take [L in auxiliando] it.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.48.16 : God schal aȝenbie my soule from the power of helle, whanne he schal take [L acceperit] me.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)272 : Þe kyng Leyr he toke hym vntyll, And wyth þe kyng als fourty knyghtes To hald hym and þame to theyr ryghtes.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.67 : Forsoþe þou hast take me up for innocense.
- (1432) Paston (Gairdner)2.35 : It is agreed, so that he take in noon of the iiij knightes ne squyers..without th'advis of my Lord of Bedford.
- a1450 Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)364 : Se..what frende thou hast take to the.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1350 : Þe third tyme if sche be gone, A-gayn hir aw not to be tone, Bot whar hir list þan lat hir pas.
- (1450) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.323 : The Maisters..of the same craft..shall not take, admitte, or resseiue eny persone into the bretherhede..of the same crafte Wythoute the common assent of the bretheren.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)23/26 : Þis Abbot forgaff hur..& tuke hur in & garte putt hur vnto al maner of vile occupasions.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)278/6 : Theodosius þe emperour toke to him þis Johun and louyd hym hugely.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)755/22 : So I take you and forgyff you.
- (c1475) LRed Bk.Bristol2.154 : It is ordeyned..that no maister of the same Crafte..take nor proloyne..eny seruaunt of the seid Crafte beyng in Couenaunt and seruice of eny other.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)156 : Polemius..ordeynid..þat yf any norisshe tooke eny childe to be norished, yf the childe dide..in defaute of the noryshe, she shuld be dede.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)953 : In þe abbey where I was take I cast it [medicine] in a foreyn.
b
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)41/904 : To Ypocras anon he sent, Þat he scholde come his sone to hale..Ypocras..cleped his neueu..And bad him wenden to þat lond And þat schild take an hond.
- ?a1350 Guy(3) (Wales 572)137 : My fayr-hede than ik haued il sped, Iif I the to my leef had thaken, That mani riche man has forsaken.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.175 : Nature tok hem [lovers] into lore And tawht hem so..That thei were..enchaunted.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5404 : Land and lijth wit bodi we bede, þat þou vs tak in þin thainhede [Göt: bundhede].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23092 : Quen i was will and vte o rest, Godli toke yee me to gest.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)20105 : Þan tok þe apostel sone on-ane In-tille [Frf: vn-til] his keping þat maidane.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)116/6 : She..bene weded to þe Kyng..a woman..whos childe he haþ take at þe funtston.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6062 : Falssemblant..I take thee heere to my seruise.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.3.29 : The sovereyn men of the cite token the in cure and in kepynge whan thow were orphelyn.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)0a/b : My lordes leches..haþ taken me to felawship [L associaui] in seruise of bisshopes of rome.
- (1450) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.324 : No barbour..shall take eny Alien..into his Seruice unto the tyme that the same alien..be examined by the maister and Wardens.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)61/15 : Þou takist and acceptist him into þi specyal freendschip and felawschip.
- (c1475) LRed Bk.Bristol2.156 : That no maner persone of the seid Crafte take no maner seruaunt to covenant by yhere withoute he paye..viij d.
- a1500(?c1414) ?Brampton PPs.(2) (Cmb Ff.2.38)p.400 : I haue done mys, y wole nomore, But take me fully to thy seruyse.
- a1500 Cursor (Vsp A.3)16762 : Als for his moder Iohn hir keped, And in his ward hir toke.
c
- c1390 I wolde witen (Vrn)118 : Prey we þe prince þat haþ no pere, Tac vs hol to his Merci.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1896 : Bot hem þat..ȝelden hym castel and cite, Hem he took in to pyte.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2606 : Sith he is hooly submitted to ȝour myȝt, Takeþ now hym to merci anoon riȝt.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.581 : In that yonder place My lady first me took unto hire grace.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.855 : So ye Mayr and ye Counsell..tuke hym to yair grace..and yarfor John Lyllyng prayed..yat yai wald hafe hym fro open shame and velany.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3329 : Mercy, Lord, haue on þis man..Vnto þi grace þat he be tan.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)4/8 : God tok the cyte to his mercy.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)168/2 : God..is euer redy to take þe to is grace.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)33/13 : Þere touchith he þe deth of his modir..he seith of hir: Thi seruaunt, Lord, whom þou hast now take on-to þi mercy..defouled neuer hir lippis with no vnclennesse.
- (1458) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2.p.58 : For..whiche place of sale ys nowe ordeyned..a place..called Spicers halle, wheryn sum tyme dwelled a..Marchaunt..whom God late hath taken to his mercy.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) Ctn.(Hrl 2261)451 : Iohn Schakell esqwyer was taken to the kynges grace abowte this tyme.
- a1500(?c1370) ?Chaucer Comp.A.(Benson-Robinson)89 : To hir..this compleynte I make, That never yit wolde me to mercy take.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)50/67 : His fadir..kissed hym and toke hym vp to his grace.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)53/131 : Þe fadire of hys chyld will haue pety and forȝeve hym hys trespas..and take hym to mercy.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1582 : Forr Drihhtin takeþþ æddmodliȝ Wiþþ þa þatt till himm turrnenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2709 : Niss nan time inn oþer lif Affterr þiss lifess ende To takenn wiþþ þe wake leod To fedenn hemm & claþenn.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)820 : God..wald..wit him [Adam] tak.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)120 : That the mayster take to no prentysse, But he have good seuerans to dwelle Seven ȝer with hym.
e
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24010 : Wimmen sagh i wepe..Bot nan als mari magdelain, þat mast i tok til [Frf: to] hert.
f
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2795 : Alle creatures we mowen take, And seruauntes of hem to vs make.
g
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)8 : Þat ȝate þat ledeth to seynt paules..is cleped in elde bokis porta capena, whech soundith in our langage þe takyng ȝate.
9a.
(a) To be given something, receive; receive grain for grinding [quot. c1390]; receive reward, compensation, alms, wages, etc.; also, receive a customs payment [quot. 1399]; make money by charging interest [quot. c1425]; takinge side, the side that receives; (b) to receive (sth., money, tithes, wages, etc.), be given (sth.); receive (profit, emoluments, etc.); also, in selected phrases: ~ availe (avauntage, benefice), receive a benefit (an advantage); law receive a legal advantage or specific privilege deriving from one's legal status; (c) to be given (a blessing, promise, forgiveness, etc.); receive (love, honor, homage, etc.); receive (understanding of Holy Writ, God's grace, the Holy Spirit, an animating spirit, a soul); also, take on (original sin or the stain of original sin from Adam), derive; of Moses: be given (God's law, the Commandments); of God: be given (glory, worship, etc.); ~ heven to mede, receive heaven as (one's) reward, be rewarded with salvation; ~ lessoun, receive a lesson, be taught a lesson; ~ place of biriinge, be buried; ~ terme unto, be granted time until (a certain date); (d) to collect (sth., money, a rent, tax, etc.); gather (herbs, sap, etc.); ~ togeder, gather (things) together, assemble; ~ up, gather up (grain, supplies), collect (fines); (e) to exact (tribute, tithes, etc.); ~ feute(s, exact a public acknowledgment of fealty; ~ homage(s (servises), exact homage (allegiance); ~ rente, fig. of the devil: exact (his) due; (f) in phrases: ~ assuraunce, to exact or receive a pledge; ~ feith, exact or receive a formal pledge of fealty; ~ man-reden (oth), exact or receive a pledge of service (an oath); also, witness (someone's) sworn statement as to the veracity of a claim [last quot.]; (g) ~ birthe, to receive (one's) birth, be born; ~ bote, receive remedy or relief [quot. a1400(a1325), 1st]; also, receive a cure, be cured [2nd quot.]; ~ consolidacioun, of a wound: close up, heal; ~ hele (helthe, stat of helthe), regain health, be cured; ~ hele at, be cured by (sb.); ~ lif, be born; ~ memorie, receive (good) memory; ~ sighte, recover (one's) sight; (h) to receive (a penance assigned by a confessor); ~ bapteme (baptist), receive baptism, be baptized; ~ circumcisioun, be circumcised; ~ rites, receive the last rites of the church; ~ sacrament, receive the sacrament of baptism or matrimony; ~ stat of penaunce, be penitent; (i) to make a purchase, buy; also, purchase (sth.); ~ bi taille, buy on credit; ~ to the verrei valeu, purchase (sth.) at a price reflecting its true value, buy at a fair price; ~ up, buy up (sth.); (j) to receive (a name); ~ of, derive (a name) from (sth.); also, fig. ?derive (one's life) from (the mystical body which is the church); (k) ~ of, of a woman: to conceive (a child) by (sb.); of a man: have (a son) by (sb.); (l) of a ship: to take on a load (of sth.); ~ charge, of a cart: receive or take on a load, load up; (m) to take (a university degree), be awarded; (n) in proverbs and prov. expressions.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.7.8 : Axe ȝe, and it shal be ȝouen to ȝou..For eche that axith, takith.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4052 : The moore queynte crekes that they make, The moore wol I stele whan I take.
- (1399) Oath Bk.Colchester10 : A custumer no schal nouȝt takyn of no man for non vitayles to his houshold, no to arayment of hys body.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)8.64 : Alle libbyng laboureris þat lyuen be here hondis, Þat trewely taken & trewely wynnen..Hadde þe same absolucioun þat sent was to peris.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)7.79 : God wote who hath nede; In hym þat taketh is þe treccherye if any tresoun wawe.
- (1423) RParl.4.258b : If thei fynde..that any of the seid persones haven taken contraie to the lawes and ordinaunces afore made, that..he that is founden so takyng..have imprisonement of a Moneth.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)132/2 : The firste manere [of usury] is when a man leneþ and takiþ for his lone by couenant made byfore.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.64 : Ȝe ryche meen been al on the takyngge syde and lytil on the ȝeuyngge syde.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.201 : He doth no synne ȝif his purpos be nout to takyn ȝif þe beste perche withoutyn hys defaute.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)121/165 : I shall do therafter wyrk as I take [rime: make, lake, stomake].
- c1450 Eglam.(Clg A.2)1002 : All þat odure of knyȝt woll haue, Ryse vp and take at me!
b
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)819 : He..cast a panier [of fish] on his bac..and solde it wel; Þe siluer he brouthe hom..Al þat he þer-fore tok, With-held he nouth a ferþinges nok.
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)161 : Þei iyef him [Judas] iyiftis..þrythi plates of god mone; þe plates son anon he tok [vr. on hym he tuke]; Was þer non þat he forsok.
- a1350 Mon in þe mone (Hrl 2253)24 : Sum hayward haþ taken ys wed.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)56/244 : Ony thing that may be stirred of othir men godes..That we have..no right to, For what thing so we gete, or tas on othir wise, We mai noght be assoiled of the trespas.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.7.10 : Leeuy, that took tithis, is tithid.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.4425 : Men se poverte..Fulofte make a gret chevance And take of love his avantage.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1344 : He took hym self a greet profit ther by.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4419 : But as he takeþ þerof þe frame, He shal haue parte of synne and shame.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11814 : Of his seruis mani dai, Nu neghes tim to tak his lai [Trin-C: take his pay].
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)12390 : Trein beddes was he wont to make And þar-for his seruis to take.
- (1423) RParl.4.258a : Justices of Pees..shuld examen all manere of servauntz..that taken salaries excedyng the seide ordinaunce.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)132/38,40 : Þe nynthe maner of oker is when a man takiþ lond or rente in wed or surete for money or oþer good þat he leneþ..& takiþ þe profite of þe londe or rente in þe menetyme wiþoute alowance or abatement in þe payment of þe dette.
- (1427-8) Rec.St.Mary at Hill68 : Also for a carpenter iiij dayes to amende þe pewes..takyng vj d. & his mete a day.
- (1429-30) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.79 : Ye jschwys, rentys, and ye profettys of ye saidys manirs..be rereryd and tane be ye saydys feffys.
- (1449) RParl.5.169a : That they, ne none of theym, take by such proteccion or pardon..any avauntage or availle in restreyngt or delayng of this Acte..ne none of them..hav ne tak any avauntage or benyfice by writ of errour.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)26/36 : What doiþ man when he þese goodes of Goddes hoondes haþ taken?
- (1459) Paston (Gairdner)3.151 : My forseyd executores shull take and have all the issewys, profitez, avayles, and emolwementes.
- (1465-6) Cart.Tropenell in BGAS 23201 : They have..okypyed the offyce of ye Constabilwyke of ye seid castell..Takyng all maner fees, issues, and profites apperteynyng or belonging to the same office.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.23a : Provided..that no persone..atteynted..have, take, or enjoye any avantage, benefice, or profite by this present Acte.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)155/20 : He nother his heires shold never take wedde of the forsaide Anneys or of her assignes.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)646 : More þan I take spende I threys thre.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)2168 : He toke armes of kyng Calomond.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.182 : Ȝif his intencion be to sellyn hym leue to blyssyn hem he doth symonye, but ȝif he do it to sauyn his auantage..þan doth he no symonye, þou he take so mor auauntage þan he schulde ellys a takyn.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)124/254 : I wold slepe if I takyd les to my hyere.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)9756 : Bodily delite is here hele And forto haue richesses fele..And many ȝiftes forto take.
- -?-(1459) Will in Som.RS 16192 : That they in no wise suffre my said wife..to Receive or take any maner profit of my forsaid Landes.
c
- a1275 Louerd asse þu ard (Trin-C B.14.39)115 : Hic þenche..þu [read: hu] moyses tog godis laue in won beit worde gode.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1563 : Ðin broðer iacob..toc ðin bliscing liðer-like.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)7/179 : Ne scholde we of his grace wite Wanne we hit toke and hadde [read: hedde] To wisse.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.78 : Þe book open..bitokneþ hem þat desiren þe vnderstondyng of holy wrytt, & taken it.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ruth 1.17 : Þere I schal takyn place of biryyng.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.27.9 : If þou folewist riȝtwisnesse, þou shalt taken it.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.5.7 : He weldide not princehod, bot toke confusioun eend of his aspies.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.11.11 : Sare bareyn took vertu into conseyuing of seed.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.333 : Of thilke Adam toke we thilke synne original.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)8a/a : In þe firste lessoun þat I took, Thanne I lerned a and Be And oþir lettres by here names.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)24/21 : Þou Lord oure God art worþi to take glorie & worschipe & vertu.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)345 : Petre..erride ofte..ȝhe, aftir he hadde take þe Holi Goost.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)15/7 : Falle not fro þat fairehed þou toke in þi baptim.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)69/6 : Þe modir of þe Lord..took no biheeste þat þe aungel shulde go wiþ hir.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)156 : In mariage none honour sall take.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)8b/a : Which forsoþ takeþ [L sortiuntur] som diune [read: diuine] uertuez giffen of þe creatour in componed membrez & symple.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)324/16 : Baptisme waischide away þe spotte of orygynal synne, in þe which ȝe ben consceyued, takynge it of ȝoure fadir and modir.
- a1450(?a1349) ?Rolle Luf es lyf (Cmb Dd.5.64)53 : Lufe es þe swettest thyng þat man in erth hase tane.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)15/41 : Takis nowe here þe goste of liffe, And ressayue bothe youre soules of me.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)249 : In euery stede he toke honoure As a noble kynge and conqueroure.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)2/15 : Presumpcyon is..to take worschip of þe world passyng alle oþer.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)202/20 : Þan were he worþi to be preysed and hym-selfe able to take heven to ys mede.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)90/32 : I haue taken terme vnto the tuysday aftre Whissontyde.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)192/19 : Thou takest not forȝeuenes, bot if thou for-ȝeue be-for.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)111 : For euery creature þat hath ben or xall Was in natur of þe fyrst man, Adame, Off hym takynge þe fylthe of synne orygynall.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)59/85 : I am the same man that..toke the ten commaundementis of peasse.
- a1500 Leg.Cross BC(1) (Wor F.172)212 : He toke of the Lordis goodenes a promyse that in thend of the worldis God shuld yeve hym the oile of mercy.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2376 : For he mighte none amendis make, Þerfore mercy mighte he none take.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.30.16 : Þe money taken [WB(2): takun; L susceptam], þat is, geþerd, of þe sonnes of yrael.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.17.23 : Thei that token [L accipiebant] tribut camen to Petre.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3144 : Religioun hath take vp al the corn Of tredyng, and we borel men been shrympes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6524 : Bot sum o þaim þis fast forsoke, And þai þis riche manna toke [Göt: tock], And vnder erth in hepes it hide.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)331 : Herbes he took in on herbere And stamped hem in a mortere.
- (1405) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.34 : The forsaid sir Roger..grauntit þat þe forsaid Baillies, Burgeys, and Comuners ne shul..bene lettyd..for to take here due custumez, longyng to the forsaide towne of Donewych.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.1192 : Thelephus..hath put to his hond..commaundinge..His puruyours..to cerchyn euery coste To take up vitaille for þe Grekis host.
- (1423) Pet.Sutton in Fenland NQ 7307 : The lordes officers..be chargyd at thaire accompt of the same rent that was wonte to be take of the said londe before surrendre made in to the lords hande.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)214 : Groson, or grocyn vp, or take mony thyngys togedur: Ingrosso.
- (1445) Will York in Sur.Soc.30155 : I..require the..feffez that they graunt by dede..a annuall rent of xxvj s..yerly, to be taken at iiij tymes in the yere.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)122 : Þei cutten a litel þe ouerueste skyn of þe popie bolle, and þe mylk þat comeþ out þer-of þey takyn and reseruyn hit drye.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2079 : Out of trees þere commith venym..And what man it taken haue, There is noo þinge þat mai hym saue But with a drinke þat made shal be With the iuys of þe same tree.
- (1465) Acc.Howard in RC 57184 : Item..to take uppe alle the fynes ffor the alyenacyons.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1477 : Þey takeþ all þat hore Þat er was out y-bore.
e
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)947 : Þe truage was com to to Moraunt, þe noble kniȝt.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.7.5 : Men..han maundement for to take tythes of the peple.
- c1390(c1350) NHom.(2) PSanct.(Vrn)105/64 : Eorþly kynges her tribut tas Of al oþur þat heore sogettes be, vchon in his owne degre.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.1142 : Deeth..taketh of heigh and logh his rente.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)3 : Ine toke his feaute of alle þat lond helde.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1384 : Alisaunder..took feute of vche toune, Of duk, erle, kniȝth, burgeys, baroun Þat longed vnto his coroun.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1800 : He seide..Þat he shulde of þe werlde and þee Taken tol and maister bee.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4728 : Alisaunder..Makeþ his baillifs and his justises, Takeþ feute and ek seruises.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)88/16 : Modrede anone toke homages and feautes of al ham þat were in þis lande.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1044 : Þare tuke he tribute þat tyme.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)103/3 : This Kyng William rod into Scotland and took homage þere of Malcolyn þe kyng.
- c1650(a1450) Death & L.(Pcy)260 : Itt is reason & right þat I may rent take.
f
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2312 : Hwan he hauede manrede and oth Taken of lef and of loth, Vbbe dubbede him to knith.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2850 : Hauelok anon manrede tok Of alle englishe..And dide hem grete oþes swere.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)125/682 : O alle þe gode men of þat lond Manred he toke..To be boxom to his hond.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2288 : He newe assuraunce toke Of his lordis and his liges alle.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)9969 : [Generides] ther was crovned king; He toke feith of free and bond.
- (a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)47/33 : He taught many straungiers that same cunnyng, takinge their assuraunce.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)204/10 : Of Richard Story, he [king] took a hooth.
- a1470 Ordin.War Hen.V in RS 55.1 (Lnsd 285)463 : Anoþer cometh aftyr & taketh the fey of the saide prisoner.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)140 : Merlin dide swere be-fore the kynges that Arthur was the sone of Vterpendragon..After that swore Vlfin that..it was trewe..Whan the two kynges hadde take the oth of these two, a-noon thei dide to kynge Arthur their homage.
g
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5378 : He sette himm æness onn an munnt..& mikell follc wass þær wiþþ himm..forr to takenn hæle att himm Off iwhillc unntrummnesse.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)17426 : He shollde takenn bote, & shollde wurrþenn hæledd swa Off þatt firene wunde.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.37 : Þere alle manere sike men took þe state of helþe [Higd.(2): were healede].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.192 : Parauenture in thilke large book, Which that men clepe the heuene ywriten was With sterres, whan that he his birthe took, That he for loue sholde han his deth allas.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4722 : Qualm has beistes al ouergan, Bot if sum bote o þe be tan, þe folk mon dei vp al bidene.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13553 : He went and wess his eien þare, And tok his sight in þat siquare.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)2120 : All sall dy þat lyf has tane.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)51a/b : For hym þat is myȝty & may take helþe [Ch.(2): hele] he shal consider of fyndyng of helpez.
- a1450 Dux Moraud (BodPoet f.2)190 : For in þis werd may be none Þat euer tok lyf with flesch and bone.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)101a/a : A wounde takiþ no consolidacioun wiþinne þe space of vij moneþis þanne it..turneþ eiþir in to a festre or in to a cankre.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6069 : Oþer wellis þere beþ..And who þe watir drinke of tho, Of some, good memorie shulde he take, And some forȝitfulnesse shulde make.
h
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9544 : Siþþenn comm þe Laferrd Crist..to biginnenn þatt fulluhht..Þatt shollde clennsenn all þe mann.. Ȝiff þatt he Rihht laȝhelike itt toke.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)62/276 : The first sacrement..is our baptisme, That we take the first tyme that we becum cristen.
- c1390 Mirror St.Edm.(1) (Vrn)752 : Þou him bi-hiȝtest feiþful trist Whon þou toke þi Baptist.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10858 : Whan þou hast þy synne forsake And þy penaunce þer-fore take, Forȝete nat þan þat þou ne do Þe penaunce.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12755 : In water baptised he al þaa þat com til him baptis to ta.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)19531 : Simon..toke þe sacrement of [Vsp: baptist him til] hali kirk.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)895 : Baptyme of al synne may soccour all men, For who as taas hit lawefully, Of synne is clensed al fully.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)84/27 : The verry repentaunt man..now hath ouercomyn his fleisch and made it..taken þe state of penaunce.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)1158 : Austyn..whan he had tan Alle hys ryhtys, to goddys grace..commendyd his soule.
- a1450(?a1390) Mirk Fest.Suppl.(Cld A.2)289/6 : Þer ben many þat takuth þis sacrament [matrimony] and wyttuth lytul whatte charge is þerwyth.
- a1450 Desert Relig.(Add 37049)352 : Baptem..is taken at þe fountstane.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)75/2 : Cesar and Vaspasian..toke the sacrament of baptym.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)20.11 : He will dampne na man that has tane baptem.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)212 : Cryst..yn þe flome tok baptyste.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)88/96 : He shall take cyrcumsycyon.
i
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Esd.5.3 : Oure feeldes & vynes & oure houses ley wee to, & take wee whete in hungir.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.570 : For wheither that he payde or took by taille, Algate he wayted so in his achaat That he was ay biforn and in good staat.
- (1423) RParl.4.257b : The strangeres..bryngge into this lond Silver in Masse, and..wold bryngge Silver ynowe to the Kyngges Mynte for ther owen avauntage, if thei saugh it shuld be take there to the verrey value.
- a1525(?1421) Cov.Leet Bk.29 : We commaund þat no maner of fresche fysher by ne take up no maner of fresche fysche of men of the contrey by way of regratry.
j
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14677 : Seodðe ærest Bruttes bæhȝen to þissen londe, Brutaine hit wes ihaten of Brutten nom taken.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)153b/b : Of þe place þat he [river] springeþ vp ynne..he taketh..name.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)187a/b : Þe hebrew hath nouȝt þis lettre P but he takeþ þere fore a name of grewe.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)13/12 : In þe hard stoon schal be writun a newe name, þat no man knowiþ but he þat takiþ it.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)55a/b : Plumaciolez..for þai were made in old tyme of plume, i. feþerez, sewed atuyx cloþez þat þai toke sich denominacioun.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)66/36 : Ȝe alle ben knytt togyders in þe vyneȝeerd of þe goostly body of holy chirche, of þe which ȝee taken liif.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)106 : Þus Englonde toke first his name In þe gode kyng Egbertys tyme.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)109/336 : Fike..is neysche gaderynge of humorus..with-oute hooro spryngynges oute of þe skyn in þe manere of a rype fyge, where-of it takeþ his name.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)2.255 : Men of Assiria toke theire name of Assur, men of Hebrewe of Heber.
- c1475 WBk.Phil.& Astron.(Cmb Ll.4.14)14 : Þe 7 daiez in þe weke..taken here names of þe 7 planetis.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)75/167 : As for to know how Pylat toke his name: In Spen ther was a kyng, [etc.].
k
- c1300 Evang.(Dlw 22)256 : Þi nece elizabeth..þat is in eld fele ȝere, Child nou hauis takin of hire fere.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.11.2 : Galaad forsoþe hadde a wif of whom he tooc sonys.
- a1500 Leg.Cross BC(1) (Wor F.172)213 : He knew the same, of þe whiche he toke a sone.
l
- (a1399) Oath Bk.Colchester10 : A carte for to com yn to the toun for to takyn his charge.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)847 : Shippis..Takith of that sande for thaire lastage.
m
- (1421) RParl.4.158a : That no man..practyse in Fisyk..but he be Bacheler or Doctour of Fisyk, havynge Livres testimonyalx sufficeantz of on of those degrees of the Universite in the whiche he toke his degree in.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)165/3 : Þer cam a persun þat had takyn degre in scole, wheche xuld prechyn.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)427 : Degre takun in scole makiþ goddis word more acceptable.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)428 : Siþ þat apostlis token no siche degre, and crist forfendide hem to be clepid maystris, it semeþ þat þis heþen maner brouȝt in in studies discordiþ fro þe gospel.
n
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)454 : For a fole he schal him held Þat takeþ more þan he may weld.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)480 : He þat winnez, al sschal take.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.9.24 : Alle forsoth rennen, but oon takith the priys.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4633 : Taketh the fruyt, and lat the chaf be stille.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.4408 : He wol ayeinward take a bene Ther he hath lent the smale pese.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7725 : Betre is to yive than to take.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6354 : Somtyme am I Prioresse, And now a nonne..But to what ordre that I am sworne, I take the strawe, and bete the corne.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)300 : It is more blissid more to ȝiue þen to take.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.2 : It is mor blyssful to ȝeuyn þan to takyn.
9b.
(a) To accept (sth., money, a gift, bribe, etc.); take (goods, land, etc. as security or for ransom); of God: accept (a sacrificial offering, tithe); also in proverbs; also, accept something [quot. c1450 Abyde I hope]; ~ at worth (to queme), accept (sth., a sacrifice) graciously, accept with good will; ~ in (to) gre, accept (offerings, someone's service) with good will; with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ til (to), take (sth.) to (oneself), accept; also, keep (sth.) for (oneself); also fig.; (b) ~ borwing, to take a loan, borrow; ~ oker (okeringe, usure), accept interest on money or goods loaned; also fig.; (c) to accept (God's grace); ~ herte (pleie), accept (someone's love, amorous advances); ~ in gre (worth), accept (what God sends, Fortune's conditions) with good grace; ~ treuth, accept (a woman's consent to marriage); (d) to accept (a penance assigned by a confessor), acquiesce in; ~ at (in) gre, accept (a judgment) with good will; (e) ~ for answere, to accept (sth.) as (a final) answer; ~ for seurte, accept (a promise, someone's word) as surety.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10181 : Ȝiff mann brohhte hemm aniȝ fe..Ne wolldenn þeȝȝ nohht takenn itt, Butt iff mann ȝæfe i mare.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)33/563 : Tak [vr. haue] nu her þis goldring.
- a1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)86 : Hue nolden take for huem raunsoun ne ware; hue doddeþ of huere heuedes.
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)51 : He wole take mede of that on and that other And late the parsoun have a wyf.
- a1350 St.Alex.(1) (LdMisc 108)30/70 : Tak [St.Alex.(3): Take to þee] þis ring, & kep it me, Til þat godes wille be God bi-twene vs.
- c1350 How GWife(1) (Em 106)162/75 : Bunden is þat ȝiftes takitz.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.194 : The fruyt of thilke seed of chastitee That thow hast sowe in Cecile taak to thee.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.13.23 : If þe lord wolde slen vs of oure handis brent sacrifice & offryngis of licowris he wolde not han takyn [L non suscepisset].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.50.21 : Þanne þou shalt taken at worth [WB(2): take plesauntli] sacrifise of riȝtwisnesse.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 17.9 : Satisfaccioun takun [L accepto] of Jason and of othere, thei leften hem.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)81/320 : Þer ben manye þat..take ȝiftes to spare to punysche þilke þat haued trespaced.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1064 : For his offrand was Rightwys, Godd tok to quen [Göt: queme] his sacrifijs.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23914 : I prai, leuedi, if þou wald seme, To tak þis littel werc to quem.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)3.251 : Prestes and parsones..taketh Mede and mone for messes þat þei syngeth.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1390 : Tas you þere my cheuicaunce..I wowche hit saf fynly.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)227 : In his bages o-bout he bare All þair tresore..And of all þat come to þam twelue þe tend euer tok he till him-selue.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)197/9 : I trowe fully þat god loueth hem & þat god take hire seruyse to gree [F preigne..en gree].
- c1450(?a1370) Winner & W.(Add 31042)448 : Take þe coppe as it comes, þe case as it falles.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)5791,5797 : God wyll not take offerand of yll gottyn thyng..how suld he take offerand to gre?
- c1450 Abyde I hope (SeldArch B.26)231 : Preue or ye take; thenke or ye feste.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)79/14 : A woman that takithe yeftes of ani man sekith her selff.
- (1456) Paston2.161 : A man wole sey he wole noo siluere, lokith awaywardes, and takith a noble.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)32/102 : I tythe þis vnthende sheff; lete god take it or ellys lef.
- c1475(?c1451) Worcester Bk.Noblesse (Roy 18.B.22)79 : God..wolle accept and take in gree..oure good entent.
- (1478) Paston1.613 : Youyr doughtyr sendyth yow part of syche poore stuff as I sent hyr fro London, besechyng yow to take it in gree.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.186 : Ȝif þe ȝeuer seye, 'Syre, what wilt þu takyn to syngyn it?' & þe preste answerith & seith, 'No lesse þan twenty schillyngis'..þei fallyn boþin in cursyd symonye.
- a1500(1446) Nightingale (Corp-O 203)2/6 : Go lityll quayere..Vn-to..The Duches of Bokyngham..Besechinge hyre that..Sche wold the take..Amonge hyre bokys.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)83 : How schul we beleue?..Ye..haue take money of hem for to sey as ye do.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.25.36 : Ne take þou of hym vsurys.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.22.7 : He þat takeþ borewyng, seruaunt is of þe vsurer.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.4607 : Hir housebonde..hath take usure Of love mor than his mesure.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28405 : Agains will i lent my thing And quilum tok þar-for okeryng.
- a1400 Roy.Counsels (Roy 17.B.17)66 : Take none oker.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.18.17 : He..shal not take vsure.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Deut.28.12 : Thou schalt leene to many folkis, and of no man thou schalt take borewyng.
- c1450 Okure þrow (Eg 2810)p.230 : Alle is okyr þat men so tas.
- a1500 Tundale (Adv 19.3.1)58 : Okkour he toke.
c
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2364 : Wiþ god wille take we þe grace þat God wol us sende.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.535 : I yaf hym al myn herte..And took his herte in chaunge of myn for ay.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8403 : Y warne ȝow alle..Þat ȝe be neuer so fole-hardy To ȝyue ȝoure trouþe so pryuyly, Ne wommans trouþe for to take..Tyl holy cherche haue demyd ryȝt.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4349 : Bialacoil..toke [F recevoir] a gree all hool my play.
- a1450(?c1430) Lydg.DM(1) (Hnt EL 26.A.13)599 : Lete no man grucche a-ȝens his fortune But take yn gre what god euer hym sende.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.64 : If þou appreue.. Þat sche [Fortune] is good..Lo, take in worth þan hire condicioun..Compleyn þe noght.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6612 : Þurrh þatt teȝȝ takenn bliþeliȝ Rihht shriffte off þeȝȝre sinness.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9269 : Takeþþ upponn ȝuw Rihht shriffte off ȝure sinness.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)770 : Of þe prest tak þi penaunce.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.6212 : He was so myhti off auctoritee..That rihtful iuges his sentence took at gre.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1344 : The iugementz of god ben to vs hid; Take al in gree.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)2/15 : As sone as he feleþe þat he hath synnet, anoon goo schryue hym and mekly take þe dome of his schryft-fader.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.6 : So aworth he takith his penance.
e
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.987 : Taak this for fynal answere as of me.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)185/32 : A symple promysse or a worde of a marchaunte shall be trusted as moche and taken for as grete suertee as in othre places men-is obligacions.
10a.
(a) To put on (a garment, clothing, etc.), don; wear (a kind of clothing); fig. of Christ: put on (the clothing of humanity), become incarnate; of law: wear (a double face), be two-sided; ~ habit, put on a religious habit, enter a religious house, become a monk, nun, etc. [see also habit n. 1.(c)]; ~ monk his (palmeres) wede, adopt a monk's (pilgrim's) dress, become a monk (pilgrim); ~ religious clothing, put on religious costume, ?become a hermit; ~ the mantel and the ring (weren, of a married woman or widow: assume a robe and ring upon formal profession of perpetual chastity; vow chastity;—also used of a pagan goddess [last quot.]; ~ veil, take the veil, become a nun; (b) with prep. phrases: ~ on, to put (clothing) on (oneself); ~ upon, fig. of a zodiacal sign: wear (stars) upon (its head); with adverbs: ~ on, put on (a garment, vestments, etc.), don; ~ to, put on (a garment) [transl. of L assumere]; ~ up (upon), take up (a fashion of clothing), adopt, take to wearing; (c) to receive (a mark upon a part of the body); ~ crois, ~ (the signe of the) cros, don the cross, go on a crusade; ~ tonsure, receive the tonsure, be tonsured; (d) of God, Christ: to assume (mortal kind, human nature, a human body, etc.), receive (human flesh, blood, etc.), take (incarnation); ~ flesh (man-kinde) upon, take human flesh (human nature) upon (himself), become incarnate; ~ the kinde of, assume the nature of (angels); (e) of a creature: to be given (a particular nature), receive; of a tree, fruit, etc.: derive (its nature from its root or the earth); ~ an other nature, of blood: assume a different condition.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8943 : Uor to be siker of ire stat, þe abit of nonne heo tok.
- a1350 Dream Bk.(1) (Hrl 2253)173 : Ȝef þe þuncheþ þou takest veil, bitokneþ ioie, god, & eyl.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)46/287 : Whon Bernard hed taken his abyt, In God he hedde so gret delyt.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.130 : Lawe hath take hir double face, So that justice out of the weie With ryhtwisnesse is gon aweie.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2343 : Seþyn toke þe knyȝt palmers wede, And yn to þe holy londe he ȝede.
- c1400 *Trev.Higd.(Tbr D.7)220a : He..touk monk hys wede [Higd.(2) 7.5: toke the habite of a monke; L monachalia induit] at Floriacensis.
- a1425(c1300) NHom.(1) Abp.& N.(Ashm 42)p.78 : Thir maydens ware sent thaire uayles to take Of that bisschope.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6345 : Somtyme a wommans cloth take I; Now am I a mayde, now lady.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)291 : I [Christ] sal take the clething of that wretchid prison [mankind], And priuily for him sal I paye raunson; Of his kynde wil I become.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)170/11 : Þe forseyd doctowr xulde dinyn in towne wyth a worschipful woman whech had takyn þe mentyl & þe ryng.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)6620 : Þe abyte he toke, as bede of him wryte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1035/28 : Sir Percivale yelded hym to an ermytayge..and toke religious clothyng.
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)44 : He taketh syke lyverey as the yoman surgeon.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)308 : The Roial Lambe..Took the meeke clothyng of our humanyte.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)124/491 : Þe which mantelle was myche like unto þes mantelles of þes ladyes þat have takyn the mantil and the ring weren.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)267 : Next vnto hym [Mars]..Sate the goddese Diana in a mantell fyne..Lyke as she had take the mantell & the ryng.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.38.14 : Thamar..þe cloþez of wydowhede don down, toke to [L adsumpsit] a roket, & þe habit chaungid, satt in þe place of two weyis.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.56 : If ani broyer of yis gylde be dede, ye..xal warn..breyeren yt be in toune for to takyn on here hodis yt ben ordeyned of lyuere for ye gylde..and comen to..messe.
- c1390 Treat.Mass (Vrn)210 : Þou sest þe prest bi-gynne, Take his vestimens on.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1074 : The foure [stars], which as Cancer hath Upon his ende, Leo tath Upon his heved, and thanne..He hath ek foure upon his brest, And on upon his tail.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10419 : Sco tok [Trin-C: dud] on hir cleþing o care..and wepid sare.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)9746 : Fadir, I wol & shal Take on me cloþing of þral.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.918 : Som of hem took on hym, for the cold, More than ynough.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7365 : Dame abstinence streyned Toke on a Robe of kamelyne.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)505 : Ther may no lord tak vp no newe gyse, But þat a knaue shal þe same vp take.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)62/13 : No wise woman aught to be hasty to take upon the new noualitees of array.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)64/21 : Her neygheboures..and gentilwomen haue taken up the guyse or array.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)8090 : A monke ye may be, when ye will..Goo take youre abbyte on be tyme.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(LdMisc 108)358 : A ȝung man wende..þe creoiz for-to a-fongue..þare token þe creoiz þe mo wel mani on.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.255 : Edward..toke þe signe of þe cros.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.226 : Sir Edward toke þe croice.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)69/15 : Whoeuere worschipiþ þe beest & hir ymage & takiþ hir marke in his forheede or in his hond, he schal drinke of þe wijn of Goddis wraþþe.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)160/19 : Ane vsurer tuke þe cros & lete as he wald go vnto þe Holie Land.
- c1450 Lond.Chron.Cleo.(Cleo C.4)132 : He toke the crosse and forswore this lande.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)6412 : Þar he toke tonsure brade.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)38 : The kyng hys vowe had maked And at the pope the cros takyd.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)85 : He sennde uss..Hiss Sune..To takenn ure mennisscleȝȝc, To wurrþenn mann onn eorþe.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12406 : Godess Sune..þær toc Adamess flæsh.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)23/5 : Ase wise as i þe ilke flesch þet he toc of þe nes neauer sunne, ne i þin as me leueð efter þe ilke tacunge hwet se biuore were.
- a1350 Ase y me rod (Hrl 2253)11 : Of hire he tok fleysh ant blod.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)123/1031 : Oure lord Iesu Crist schal come to þe dom..in þe same body þat he tok of oure lady.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)144 : Þe sone..fongede vr kuynde, tok flesch and blod in a feir mayden.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14464 : Þai said þat crist suld ta manhede Of a maiden and of þair sede.
- a1425(c1300) Assump.Virg.(1) (Add 10036)122/421 : Off hure I toke flesche & blode.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)335/8 : I sente myn oonly sooþfast sone..into þe world for to take incarnacioun.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)376/9 : Moore neer myȝtist þou neuere come þan for to sende þin oonli sooþfast sone, Ihesu, to take oure fleisch upon hym.
- c1440 HBk.GDei (Thrn)28/9 : Goddes Sone..tuke þe body of thralles.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)12/16 : God took oure kynde & bicome man.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)22/10 : Þerfore me thoght þat he [Christ] The kynde of vs [angels] tane myght.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)248/6 : In þe wiche body he, takynge oure nature, rested hym..9 monthes and sex daies.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)4.74 : He cam hyddre, Takyng for vs his humanyte.
- c1450 Myght wisdom (Add 31042)79 : Hand-mayden of Godde, when þou sayde 'Ecce,' Goddes [?read: Godde] of the tuke incarnacyone.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)999/32 : Oure Lorde..lost erthely fleyssche, that was the dedly fleyssh whych He had takyn in the wombe of the Blyssed Virgyne Mary.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)107/297 : I [Mary] ffele in my body be parfyte god and parfyte man..Nott takynge ffyrst o membyr and sythe A-nother, but parfyte childhod ȝe haue A-non.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)28/976 : By þe inspiracion of þe holy gost he toke mankende & was made man.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.301 : For þe grete loue þat he hadde..he..tooc flech & blood.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1957 : Almiȝti God shal he be..And but if he a body took, Þere shulde no body on him look.
- 1530(c1450) Mirror Our Lady (Fawkes)120 : When thou shuldest take vpon the mankynde for the delyueraunce of man, thow horydest not the vyrgyns wombe.
e
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)36 : Ilk a frouit..takes [Vsp: fettes] fra þe rote his kinde.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)58 : Þe creatures þat skill has nane Hym loves in þe kynde þat þai haf tane.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)57b/a : Þe whiche blode is sente..to þe braine, in þe whiche brayne in diffyinge he takeþ [L suscipit] anoþer nature and is made animalis.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)11107 : Trees and al other þing Of þe fattheed of þe erthe þei spring..Of erthe takeþ þei her nature.
10b.
(a) To assume (a form, likeness); assume (the figure, likeness, shape, etc. of sb. or sth.); take on (the color of sth.), turn (a specified color); acquire (a flavor or an odor); ~ forme, of Lucifer: assume the form (of a serpent); also, with adv.: ~ up, take on (a color); (b) ~ bere, to take (one's) manner, conduct oneself; (c) ~ fir, to catch fire; also fig.; ~ fir and leie, of a precious stone: become fiery; (d) to acquire (value).
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)220/23 : Zuiche fourme ase þe sso takþ ate ginnynge he halt euremor ine þet stat.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.371 : The liknesse Sche made him taken of an Hert.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.3040 : He ches out..Morpheus, the whos nature Is forto take the figure Of what persone that him liketh.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.2262 : The Sonne tok colour of stiel And loste his lyht.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)147b/a : A lytil worme..took þe schappe of a bridde..and fleigh in to wildirnesse.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)153b/b : Þough ryuers haue comune hede springe of þe see..of þe place þat he springeþ vp ynne, and of þe contre þat he passeþ by, he taketh sauour and colour.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.558 : Hercules..begete was vppon Almene..Of Iubiter..Takyng lyknesse of Amphytrion.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5907 : Þe fend..toke Forme of a snake.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)376/5895 : Þe uryn..takys a vyle, swart, dul, dark dymhede.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)9a/a : Þe neruez..takeþ þe fourme [Ch.(2): schappe] of a muscle in þe nek & in þe brest.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)45/33 : I took ȝoure liknes.
- c1429 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)1163 : Yvore a rede coloure takes vpp when it is olde.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)76/13 : Juno..took þe liknes of an auncient womman and come to Semelle.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)1.21.56 : Whan the sonne entrith in eny of tho signes, he takith the propirte of suche bestes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)360 : Þe figour of a freke he sall take eftire, And preualy in þat part a-pere ȝowe be-forne.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)45/7 : Lucifere..toke to hym the fourme of a serpent..and clepid Eue.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)33/40 : Syche savour as þe newe shelle takithe, when hit is eldder hit kepythe.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5069 : Þe whiles it is ouer þe fire, Reed or blew colour shal it take.
- c1500 Chaucer LGW (Trin-C R.3.19)1142 : Cupydo..had the lykenes of the chylde take.
b
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)323/13 : At som tyme they toke their bere as hit had bene two rammys, and horled togydyrs that somtyme they felle grovelynge to the erthe.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)198b/a : Cristalle..y-sette in þe sonne takeþ fire and lye, þat it sitteþ drye tadstoles afyre.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)34/14 : The bronde that sche helde be hire-self began to take fire and schewe flaume.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1025/16 : For the fyre of the Holy Goste ys takyn so in the that my fleyssh..ys becom agayne yonge.
d
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)98/17 : He vndirstode by his connyng that the..nexte yer olyves shulde take gret wurthe.
11a.
(a) To select (sb.), choose (sb. for a position, duty, etc.); elect (sb. to an office); choose (sb.) by lot;—also refl.; also in proverbs; ~ a wif to min sone, choose a wife for my son; ~ for, take (sb.) for (an ally, a queen, etc.); ~ sondes-man of, choose a messenger from (persons); ~ to him on sones stede, take (sb.) to himself in a son's place, adopt (sb.) as a son; ~ to honour, select (sb.) for an honor or high position; also, with adv.: ~ oute, pick out (knights for a mission), select, choose; (b) ~ part, to take the side (of sb.); ~ part with, side with (sb.); ~ partie, choose a side in a conflict; ~ stat, choose a way of life, choose one's state; (c) with obj. plus noun complement: to choose (sb. as or for sth.); ~ hous-bonde (lord, wif, etc.), take (sb.) as a husband (lord, wife, etc.); ~ spouse (spousesse), fig. take (wisdom) as a spouse, espouse (wisdom); (d) to marry (with sb.); take (sb.) as one's spouse, marry, wed; also, take (a new love); fig. take (Christ) as a spiritual spouse; of an animal: take (another) as a mate; ~ for, take (sb.) for (one's husband or lord); ~ for spouse, fig. of St. Francis: espouse (poverty); ~ in, take (sb.) in (a moral or proper love-relationship, marriage); ~ til spouse, fig. of Christ: espouse (sb.) spiritually; ~ to, take (sb.) as (a lover, husband, wife, etc.); ~ to lord, fig. of a woman: take (Christ to oneself) as a spiritual bridegroom; ~ to mariage, fig. of Christ: wed (sb.) in a spiritual union; ~ to spouse, take (sb.) as a spouse, wed (sb.); also, fig. of Christ: espouse (a devout soul); ~ unto make, take (sb.) for a mate, marry; also in proverbs; (e) to wed (a husband, wife);—also refl.; also in proverbs; wed illegally or irregularly (someone else's wife); take (a mate); of concubines ~ as mani as, take as many concubines as (one can govern); (f) to have sexual relations with (sb., an animal); also, ravish (a woman, someone else's wife), take by force; of a bull: mount (a cow), mate with; ~ with, have sexual intercourse with (sb.); (g) ~ togeder, to cohabit, live together as man and wife.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10273 : Teȝȝ þa tokenn sanderrmenn Off preostess & off dæcness, & senndenn ut off Ȝerrsalæm Till himm inntill þe wesste.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)723 : Abram wurð..war Ðat sarray non childre ne bar, He toc him loth on sunes stede.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3812 : He wenen ðat god sal taken Of ðo xij tribuz summe mo To ben ðor he for-hu-gede ðo.
- a1350 Prov.Hend.(Hrl 2253)128 : Ȝef þou art an old mon, Tac þou þe no ȝong wommon Forte be þi spouse.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.297 : For myn allye heere take I thee.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.24.3 : I adiure þe..þat þou take not awyf to my sonne of þe douȝters of chananeis.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 14.42 : Saul seiþ, 'Leiþ lot betwen me & Jonathan, my sone,' & Jonathas is takyn.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)11013 : Twey men were yn choys to take Oþer laurence, oþer Symake; hys felaus alle, Symakus chese.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)6.79 : Popes and patrones poure gentil blod refuseþ, And taken symondes sone seyntewarie to kepe.
- (1418) Proc.Privy C.2.358 : The K' wolde þat suche personnes as you þenketh expedient ye tooke to yow.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)28/339 : Ector, his aldest sone, he tas [vr. takes; Suth: ches]; A prynce vndur him he was [vr. makes].
- c1440(a1401) Life Bridlington in NM 71 (Yale 331)p.143 : Thare was he tane to mare honoure..When he was put vnto þat degree..and made prelate.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2223 : A Priores aw to be chosen..Be ordinance &..councel of al þe couent, Takand non for luf ne mede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13591 : Ioas for þer kyng þei ta.
- (1454) Deed Yks.in YASRS 65125 : The sayd partis beyng compremittyd to abyde in..the arbitrement of John Sayvill..and Robert Nevill..with vi notable persons wyth thame tokyn by the elecion of the sayd partys.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1171/17 : For and I may be harde and suffirde and so takyn, I woll feyght for the quene.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)146/33 : They toke oute a nombre of knyghtes with a grete multitude of people to sende to the rescows of their people that wer beseged.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1456 : Takyth a good knyght to do ȝour message.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)249 : They toke hir for ther quene..And crowned hir with septer in hyr hande.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5191 : Achilles was chosyn chefe of þis erend, And Thelephus..ton to his fere.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12825 : Teucro, the tall kyng, tan was for lorde.
b
- c1400 Wycl.Reg.(Dc 273)18 : Ȝyt þo fende moveþ rewmes to take his part stronge to emprisoun in religioun iche þat mayntenyd Cristis part.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.693 : Zenobia..was..strong, hir lordship defendyng, Maugre all tho..Ageyns hire that wrongli took partie.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.1.2a : I preie þat..þou halde þe paied..trauailiend bysily..forto fulfulle in sothfastnesse of god lifyng, þe stat þe whilke þou haste taken, in lyknes and in semyng'.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)182 : For oþer iii felowes and i, We durst wel take party These nyne for to mete.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1059 : Vertu was full heuy when he sy Frewyl Take part with Vyce.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1220 : I haue gret meruayll Ye durst be so bolde Vyces part to take.
c
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)43/735 : Ȝef ine come ne sende, Tak þe husebonde; ffor me þu ne wonde.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)32/576 : And hy come to liue, Ich take þe wiue.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3372 : He welte ðor stone and iaboch, Ðat herdes-folc him louerd toch.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3755 : Two migtful he hauen taken Meistres; princes he wolden hem maken.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.3.6 : Wyuys þei tookyn [WB(2): weddiden] douȝtris of hem.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Wisd.8.2 : I soȝte to taken it [Wisdom] a spouse [WB(2): take it a spousesse; L sponsam..eam assumere] to me.
d
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Henri..toc hire to wiue.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3156 : Forr siþþenn toc he [Joseph] swiþe wel Wiþþ hire [Mary] onn alle wise.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10407 : Tu ne kepptesst nohht To takenn ne to weddenn Þatt wifmann.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)20/309 : Ha forsoken for him euch eorðlich mon..& i stude of mon of lam token liues lauerd, þe king of hehe blisse.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)26/175 : Ich leafde al þet oðer, ant toc me him to lauerd ant makede him mi leofmon.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)33/560 : Ihc schal þe take to wyue.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1590 : Esau..iusted & beð-somat Toc of kin ðe canaan bi-gat.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1690 : Laban made a feste oc, Quanne iacob wid rachel toc.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)481 : Fortiger for loue fin Hir tok to fere and to wiue.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)989 : Seþþe he so lelly þe loves, to lemman him þou take.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3081 : That ye shul..taken hym for housbonde and for lord.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.185 : A she wolf..The lewedeste wolf..wol she take, In tyme whan hir lust to han a make.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2746 : She may chese of a thousand men which she wol take to hir housbonde.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.699 : Hir thoughte a despit that he sholde take So straunge a creature vnto his make.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1836 : She was o flessh and blode with hym þat here to-keyn [read: toke yn] loue gode.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12667 : A man in mariage hir tok, Hight alpheus.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)414 : My Lorde þe Lombe..toke myself to hys maryage.
- c1408 *Form OMatrim.(Roy 2.A.21)17b : Ich, N., take þe, N., to my weddede wif, for betere for worse, for richere for porere..Ich, N., take þe, N., to my weddede hosbonde, for betere for wors, [etc.].
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)388/8 : Verry & holy pouert..he [St. Francis] took also for his owne spouse.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)1742 : Thelaman..nold her not to his spouse tan.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)4/95 : Nou a lade wyl take a page, Fore no loue, bot fore flschely lust.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)289 : To hyre love were they so trewe That, rathere than they wolde take a newe, They chose to be ded.
- (1436) RParl.4.498b : Jaquete..toke..to Husbond youre trewe liege man..Richard Wydevyll..not havyng therto youre Roiall licence.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)996-7 : Till a castelle es scho broghte, And fro þe walles will he noghte, Ere þat he may hir too. The sowdane sayse he wille her ta; The lady wille hirselfe sla Are he..Solde wedde hir to wyfe.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)15857 : His doyghtur sall þou take to wyfe.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)57 : Wo takyt me to spowse may veryly wene..That rest and tranqwyllyte he xall sene.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)17.19 : He sent fra heuen his son, and he toke me til his spouse.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)605 : He the wold to lemman take.
- a1500 GRom.(Glo 42)767/7 : So criste is Redy to take þi sowle to his spouse.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)103/146 : God, lett never and [read: an] ould man take to wife a yonge woman.
e
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19593 : Herode King Wass ifell mann..& haffde takenn..Filippess wif hiss broþerr.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1593 : If iacob toke..also a wif, Ne bode ic no lengere werldes lif.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.390 : Bot he spouse me..Y no kepe neuer take lo[r]d.
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)206 : Whan he is thus i-deled from his rihte spouse, He taketh his neiheboures wif and bringeth hire to his house; And whiles he hath eny silver the clerkes to sende, He may holde hire at his wille.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.28.6 : His fader hadde yblyssyd to Iacob & hadde ysent hym into Mesopotany of Syrie, þat fro þens he schulde take [vr. taak; WB(2): wedde; L duceret] hym awyf, &..he hadde comaundid hym seying, 'þou schalt not take [L Non accipies] awyf of þe douȝtren of chanaan.'
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 12.10 : For þi þat þou hast dispised me & tooke [WB(2): tokist; L tuleris] þe wijf of vrie..þat sche were þi wijf..Lo, I schal reren vpon þee euyl of þi hous.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1268 : To take a wyf it is a glorious thyng.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)308 : My lorde..me wil away dryue, And taken hym anoþer wyue.
- c1400 Ay bitwene (Cmb Ii.3.8)p.75 : Þenc..hou i am broken for þy sake, and neuere ne tac þou oȝer make.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1286 : Hir lord haþ take a-noþer wif, Þat was to hir dishonour & shame.
- (1446) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.26 : When hit..sall happyn the seid Robert to take a wife and be weddid, then the seid William to haue..the seid annuell rente.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)73/31 : Of concubynys euery man may taken as manye as he may gouerne.
- c1450(c1396) Chaucer Buk.(Benson-Robinson)17 : Lest thow do worse, take a wyf.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)88/182 : It is a straunge thynge An old man to take a ȝonge wyff.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)476 : Lewe yowr nyse chastyte and take a wyff.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)5042 : Yonge men..That takes them wyffes so hastly, Repentes it sithe full ill!
f
- c1390 KTars (Vrn)43/383 : Ful loþ were a cristene mon To ligge bi an heþene wommon..And as loþ was þulke soudan þulke maiden for to tan.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.898 : Hem thynketh they ben free and han no iuge namoore than hath a free bole that taketh which cow that hym liketh.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1694 : Also shal þe womman wonde To take here godmodrys husbonde.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)4.35 : Þanne com pes..& putte vp a bille How wrong aȝen his wil hadde his wyf take, And how he rauisshide rose.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)69/17 : Þou knowest þat for no lecherie I take my sister, but onliche þat þi name miȝte be blessid..wiþouten ende in þe fruyt þat schal come of us.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)722 : Ȝef þat y tok now any man..And any mon old or ȝyng Myȝhte hit wite of þis contre, Al qwyk y scholde dolue beo.
- 1425(a1400) Spec.Chr.(1) (Lnsd 344)29/12 : Thi wife in tyme þou mayste wel take, But non oþir womman laufulle.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)83/116 : For þou myghte no childir haue, Scho hase takyn thy kokes knaue.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)22/37 : Spowsbreche is a trespace in þe weddid man þt takyth an oþer þan hys owne wif.
- c1450 Falm.Squire (Cmb Ff.2.38)p.102 : He roghte not what woman he toke, So lytylle he sett by his spouse-hede.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1122/19 : Wyte you well, madame, I have loved you many a yere, and never ar now cowde I gete you at such avayle, And therefore I woll take you as I fynde you.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)234 : She was sklawnndered on hyȝe þat she hadde taken howndes; And ȝyf she hadde so don here harm were not to charge.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)91/172 : It is ill cowpled of youth and elde, I wote well..som othere has she tane.
- a1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)490 : Many a þousand other took, As fader wiþ þe dowter And sone wiþ þe modyr.
g
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)61/1713 : Ȝyf ryȝt contract ys ymaked Wyȝþ-oute wytnessynge, Ȝef hy by-knoweþ openlyche By-fore men of trewynge, Te take To-gidere, y-hoten scholle hy be, Þaȝ oþer eft for-sake.
11b.
To select (sth. in order to make some calculation with it).
Associated quotations
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.15.8 : Yf thou take 2 dayes naturales in the yere ylike fer fro either point of the equinoxiall in the opposyt parties, than as longe is the day artificiall of that oon day as is the night of that othir, and the contrarie.
12.
(a) To consume food or drink; partake (of food or drink, of a vessel of drink); ingest (sth.), eat, drink; also fig.; partake of (an amount or portion of food, drink, etc.); have (a meal), take (a drink); of a fetus: take (nourishment through the maternal blood); also, ingest (poison, medicine, etc.); take and hold (an amount of some substance in one's mouth); ~ and eten, take and eat (sth.); ~ assai of, take a ceremonial taste of (sth.); ~ bi mouth, take (medicine) by mouth, take orally; ~ crommes, take (one's) crumbs, eat heartily; ~ outrake o, partake of excess of (food, drink); ~ refeccioun, take nourishment; also fig.; ~ taste of, swallow some of (a drink); ~ tiring, of a hawk: pull or tear at a tough morsel of food; with prep.: ~ with, eat (food); with adverbs: ~ in, ingest (sth.); also fig.; ~ to, eat (food) [transl. of L assumere]; ~ within, take (a medicine) internally; (b) Bibl. & eccl. to partake (of the cup of wine at the Last Supper, of Christ's flesh and blood); partake of (the eucharistic elements, Christ's body, etc.); in phrase: ~ and eten, partake of the body of Christ; ~ and eten o, partake of (the bread at the Last Supper); ~ the sacrament, of Judas: partake of the bread and wine at the Last Supper; of a Christian: receive the sacrament of the Eucharist, take communion; with prep.: ~ with, partake of (the eucharistic food); (c) fig. to receive (the cup of health, cup of penance), partake of.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)8075 : Tohh he toc wiþþ mete swa Þatt nan ne mihhte himm fillenn.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)71 : He..Siðen wið his rigte bile takeð mete ðat he wile.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.56.12 : Comeþ, take wee wyn, & be wee fulfild with drunkenesse.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 27.36 : Poul..dide thankingis to God..whanne he hadde brokyn..bigan for to ete..and thei token to [L adsumpserunt] mete.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.22.17 : He that thirsteth, come, and he that wole, take freely the water of lijf.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4133 : For goddes loue as taak som laxatif.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)93a/b : Who so wole kepe continual helþe of body schal kepe þe stomake þat he take nouȝt so moche mete.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)29075 : Þof we fast we agh noght take Noþer o mete ne drink vtrake.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)339/17 : A mundificatif may be seid in ij maners, As, A medicyn þat is taken bi þe mouþ, ouþer þat is putt in bineþe wiþ a clisterie..for to make clene a mannes lymes wiþinne.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1690 : After messe a [m]orsel he & his men token.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)119a/b : Afterward bloo or blac..or putrifying stynkeþ alsone, it is signified þat he toke venem.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)91b/a : In þe mornynge þe pacient schal take doubel so miche as he schal at euen, & þe pacient schal not eten alle þinges..as he was wunte to done in tyme of hele.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)96b/b : Þe pacient wille not take his drinke.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)161b/a : Alle þes colden þe place wiþouten stipticite, wheþir þat þeie be take wiþinne or leide wiþouteforþe.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)1/20 : Albeit þat sum fruyt or herbis seeme..bitter, ȝit to purgynge of þe soule þei ben ful..profitable, whanne þei ben discreetly take and resceyued by counceil.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1890 : Sir Cador..Tase a sope in the toure.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)1581 : Of þat drynk he tok asay And turned also swyde þe hed away.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)517 : Of þat loffe toke he no parde.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)154/28 : It helyth þe toth-ache ȝef..a man take a quantyte in his mouth.
- ?a1450 Poem Hawking (Yale 163)438-40 : Yf hit happe she be so febelle at the laste That tyryng on fyste she may not take, Gete a smale bryddez whynge, & holde it faste, And lete her tyryng ther-on then take.
- (1450) Complaint in War.AM 4181 : Thay..came ynto the wyne seler..founden dyueres Vesselles of wyne, some full, and some taken of to fore.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.236 : Hys meyne of þat drynk had take tast, Þat some were like to sowes as in schap.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)201 : When thei this frutt had takyd..Thei saw then thei wer nakyd.
- c1450 Royal SSecr.(Roy 18.A.7)24/24 : Whan the spirit hath take refeccioun [L refecta fuerit] in good odoures, the blood renneth the more gladlier in euery parti of the body.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)36/37 : Þouȝ þis hound haue ful greet lust and desijr in þe appetitis of his outward wittis forto take and eete þis morcel, ȝit he wole forbere.
- (1474) Paston1.475 : I took soo my crommys whyls I was wyth yow þat I felyd my-sylffe by the weye that God and ye had made me stronger than I wenyd þat I had ben.
- c1475(a1400) Brut-1333 (Dc 323)4/18 : Þei tokyn flessh of diuers beestys and bycomen wondir fatte.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)175/19 : He toke his refeccion in stodying of doctrine.
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)24 : The Prince takith dayly for his brekefast and mete and souper lesse than the Quene, and so of all other servyses.
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)45 : If he be sycke..or lette bloode, he taketh two loves, two messes of grete mete, one gallon servoise.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)153/19 : In þat tyme labour..is goode to þe body, and also batthys, and..to take [Lambeth: ressayue] purgacionys inne [Abbrev.Trip.: to eite suche meites as will purge well the baily; Yonge: medicyns laxatifs sholde bene vsyd].
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)297 : Adam..ete of þat appulle Þat mony a plyȝtles pepul has poysned for euer; Ȝe were entouchid wyt his tethe and take in þe glotte.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)60/50 : We shall not aray oure soules with gloteny, excessyvely taking..but..with abstinence.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)794 : Þe venim of addre or of snake: In my goddes name I wole it take.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8842 : God it [unborn child] norissheþ..al þe foode þat dooth hit good It takiþ of þe modris blood.
- a1500 SLeg.Pass.(Vsp A.3)958/16 : Vinegre & gall þe jews..to his mouth put..He tast it with tonge, Bot þer-of toke he noght.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)18/318 : Manye tymes haue I mys-tastid ouer-lusty mete and drinke, and moore take it for lust þan for nede of bodily sustenaunce.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)22/233 : Take of his fruite and assaye; yt is good meate.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11706 : Whase itt iss þatt nohht niss off To takenn wiþþ þiss fode, [etc.].
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)862 : Men þat nolleþ beo yshriue..holy bred hi wolleþ take; An Ester day hi beoþ yliche Iudas.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)19/510 : Takeþ and eteþ, þys hijs my body.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10253 : Ȝyf þou, whan þy housel shalt take, Be yn wylle þy synne to forsake, [etc.].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15233 : Takes and etes o þis bred, For fless þan es it min.
- a1400 Comp.Our Lady (Pep 2498)76/13 : Whan Iudas wiþ þe oþer took þe sacrement, þe deuel entred wiþ þe sacrement for þe tresoun þat he þouȝth to his lord.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)461 : Thei schulde not take her hosil (that is to seie, the holi eukarist) at nyȝt tyme after her soper.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2090 : Oure lord..blessid..a cuppe with wyn..þei toke alle þerof but Iudas.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2107,2108 : Oure lord wette a morssel in his dysche & seyde þat he it was..þei tokyn his flesch & his blood þe disciplis euerychon, But Iudas..toke it nouȝt but þe morssel allon.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)3724 : He toke þe sacrament of him þat tide.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)46 : Take & eete all of þis; þis is my body.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)173/7 : He must perfitly beleue þat þis [consecrated Host] is verray Cristis body..he þat leuet not þus and receuet hit, he taket hit to his dampnacyon.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)11540 : Þe sacrament..Aȝeins þe deuel..shal make A clene man good þat it take.
c
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)13/3 : I schal take..þe coupe of heele..þat is þe coupe þat Ihesu Crist drank of.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)20/13 : Ȝif man þis cuppe of penaunce mekely takiþ & knowiþ hymself vnworþi..it wil hym wynne socour & grace & to God make hym queme.
13.
(a) To undergo (sth.); be subjected to (sth.), suffer; ~ carping, suffer (someone's) rebuke; ~ chastiinge (discipline, etc.), suffer castigation (penitential chastisement, etc.); ~ chaunginge of, be subject to alteration by (sth.), be altered by; ~ damage (wrong), suffer injury, be damaged; suffer a loss; ~ ded (deth, ende, laste endinge, fin), suffer death, die; ~ dom (sentence), receive a sentence; ~ eclipse, undergo eclipse; also fig.; ~ harm, sustain an injury, be injured or damaged, suffer harm; ~ harm of nakedhede, suffer nakedness; ~ juwise, suffer a penalty; ~ lordshipe, astrol. of the moon: be subjected to the domination (of other planets); ~ no defoule, of water: suffer no pollution, be unpolluted; ~ part, suffer a fortune or lot in life; ~ part with, suffer fortune with (sb.), share (someone's) lot; (b) to be dealt (a blow), receive (a stroke); also in proverbs; ~ tripet, be tripped up; ~ wound, fig. suffer a wound of love; (c) to become ill (with melancholy), be overcome; contract (a disease), catch; be afflicted with (an illness or a pathological condition, thirst), suffer, incur; also fig.;—also impers.; ~ (a) cold, catch a chill, become pathologically cold or chilled; ~ corrupcioun, become infected; ~ siknesse with, catch a sickness from (sth.); ~ universel hete, grow hot all over, become overheated; (d) of a transgression: to receive (punishment); (e) to undergo (some physical process); ~ a swete, alch. undergo a process of dehumidification; ~ souringe, of dough: to undergo leavening, be leavened.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)pref.9 : Crist toc dæþ o rodetre.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)252 : Tære he toc hiss ende.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9699 : He shall takenn hellewa Þatt ifell hafeþþ addledd.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2345 : Of euerech Monek of þe hous he tok is discipline With a smart ȝeorde.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.32.33 : Þei wolde not heren þat þei shulde taken disciplyne [WB(2): techyng].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.109 : Þe water..takeþ no defoul, but is clene i-now.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)85/384 : Tofore what Juge he shal stonde hymself to take his dom aftir his dedis.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5269 : Non other grace ther ne geth, Bot forto take the juise.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)106b/a : Heuen..chaungiþ al þe neþer þingez and takeþ neuer chaunginge of þing þat is neþir þan hit silf.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)106b/b : Þe neþir worlde schulde nouȝt take damage of þe brennynge of heuen.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)227b/a : A leef..defendeþ tendre blossome floures and fruyte þat it take no wrong of stronge blastes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21102 : Flexsli þer tok he fine, Smiten thoru þer wit a sper.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28974 : Chastiyng o flexs foure fald to tak, In praier, fasting, wand, and wak.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)21008 : Þai lete him hange a-pon þat rode..he toke his dede wiþ gode wille.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)23089 : Of nakedhede quen i toke harm ȝe gaf me clething wid to warm.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5334 : Loue..shal chaungen wonder soone And take Eclips, right as the moone.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)370/25 : In þat he took deeþ, he ȝaf ȝou liif.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)89/239 : To þe fyre þay ledde þat lady thare, Two sqwyers hir childir bare..Into þe fyre to take hir dede.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)78/27 : Some persoones vauntid them aȝens hir maystres, for þe which in som wise þei took harme.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)201 : What folk þat I grope þei gapyn and grenne, Iwys fro Carlylle into Kent my carpynge þei take.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)85/6 : An hors is a best þat muche worschepith men & many harmes takeþ þrouȝ mys-happus fele.
- ?c1450(a1388) Wallingford Exafrenon (Dgb 67)235 : The Monee..takis the lordeshipe of uthere planeteis in ilke qwarter of hir lunation.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)127 : Marius..took his martirdam in rome.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2584 : He..went into Greke..And þere he toke his last eendinge.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.264 : Al schal go to chapter, where as sche schal take the sentence of prysonmente.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)29/2 : They..seyde they wolde be revenged of the damage that they had takyn that day.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)441/24 : So that I be hole..of my mysse-ease that I have takyn in the see.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1203/17-19 : Sytthyn hit lyked us to take a parte with you in youre distres in this realme, wyte you well hit shall lyke us as well to go in othir contreyes with you and there to take suche parte as ye do.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)402/21 : He and his heires shold susteyn..the coveryng..lest the dwellers in hit toke harme.
- a1500 How suld I now (BodAdd A.106)15 : I my deth sall take & suffre þe paynes þat I may fore synfull man sake.
b
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)383 : Gawan I hatte, Þat bede þe þis buffet..& at þis tyme twelmonyth take at þe anoþer.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3210 : Graithly hit he þam ogayn..He gaf þe dubbil of þat he toke.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1966 : The helthe of loue mut be founde Where as they token firste her wounde.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)51a/b : For which whatsom euer of percussionz, i. smytyngez, take [Ch.(2): smytynge þat be taken] in þe heued and within þe breste..þai brynge not in litel perile.
- a1450 Bot witt pas (Add 37049)87 : Vndyr gret lords men takes gret strokes, And with gret wynde falles gret okes.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)268/374 : Bot he bettir bourdis can byde, Such buffettis schall he be takande.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)113 : Lo, take yow here a trepett!
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)570 : Foles love neuer a thinge till he take the a-coole.
c
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)64 : A gret sikenes þe king him toke Þat out of þis warld he most wende.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)182/3900 : Saber gret sikenesse tok.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.9 : Whan that he wot an other levere Or more vertuous than he, Which passeth him in his degre, Therof he takth his maladie; That vice is cleped hot Envie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.237 : I beginne To take of love a newe thorst.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)64b/b : Here blood is most corupt in veynes of þe whiche þe membres souken fedinge of blood and takeþ þerby corrupcioun, & sekenes incurable.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)191/16 : Þis is oon of þe siknes þat is contagious, for o man mai take it of anoþer.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.333 : Him toke a sekenes hard.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.334 : Whan I may nouȝt haue þe maistrye, with malencolye I take, Þat I cacche þe crompe.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)2316 : Suche ioye Tytus gan þo vndertake That him toke a cardyacle.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)125/141 : An takys cald be þe extremyteis of hys body.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)435/1307 : Sciatica passio is sumtym caused of a drop of blod falland into sum jonte, bod namely into þe whorlbane, as when an takys in syk place a gret cald efter a grete hete.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)93/115 : Farcyn..may oone hors take of an-oþer.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)79 : This herbe..wole destroye þe colde þat man hauyþ take in his body.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)83 : Saueyne wole do gode to alle sikenesse þat ben taken with colde.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)76/1 : For preuy maledye þat a man haþ taken of a womman.
- (c1452) Complaint Scrope in Scrope Castle Combe279 : My fader Fastolf..solde me to William Gascoyne..Thorugh the wiche sale I tooke sekenesses that kept me a xiij or xiiij yere swyng.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1239/33 : Thy longe taryynge puttith me in grete jouperte of my lyff, for I have takyn colde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)21b/b : Whi it [brain] is cold and moist..if it hadde be of an hoot complexioun, Þoruȝ his grete mevynge and stiringe, it schulde haue taken an vniuersal hete, þe whiche myȝte haue ben distruccioun of his owne kynde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)49b/a : What man..take ony sijknesse in ony of þilke membris whanne þe sunne & þe moone meten togideris in þis signe, it is deedlich.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)110 : Than I..shed the water, ne that my drynkeng shuld cause the knyght to take the more thurst [L magis sitire].
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)9648 : Ful drye it wole his body make And greet yuel make hym take.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)88/553 : For Tytus was sore syke in a cardyacull take wyth þe jay of his fadyris honovr.
d
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.2.2 : If..ech trespassyng..and vnobedience took iust retribucioun of mede, how schulen we ascape, if we schulen despise so greet heelthe?
e
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)2/25 : A gret fat ful of doughȝe takeþ souryng of a lytel gobett.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1240 : Ete as it drinke, & drinke as it doith Ete, And in the meene sesons take it a perfite swete.
14a.
(a) To endure; ~ in pacience, ~ pacientli, be patient; with prep.: ~ with, accept (a misfortune), submit to; (b) to accept (a development, misfortune, lot, etc.); submit to (sb. or sth.); endure (pain, bodily infirmity, etc.); cope with (a difficulty) [quot. c1425]; also, with that clause: accept (that sb. does sth.); ~ at (in) gre, endure (sth.) with good will; ~ aventure, take (one's) chances, accept (one's) fate [see also aventure n. 1.(b)]; ~ aworth, endure (pain, persecution, etc.) with forbearance; also, bear (a rebuke) patiently; ~ chaunce (eure, part, etc.), submit to (one's) fate, accept (one's) lot; ~ in mirthe, bear (sth.) cheerfully; ~ in pacience (tholemodnesse), bear (sth.) patiently; with inf.: suffer with equanimity (to live or die); (c) in proverbs and prov. expressions.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4754 : Þatt tu rihht nohht dreriȝ ne beo Forr nan eorþlike unnseollþe, Acc take bliþeliȝ þærwiþþ.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2103 : Where-fore I preye hem to take in pacience; My purpos is nat hem to done offence.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4407 : Eche man..Shulde þanke God and take paciently.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1186 : Ure Laferrd..Toc þildiliȝ wiþþutenn bracc Þatt mann himm band wiþþ woȝhe.
- c1330 Le Freine (Auch)113 : Ȝete me is best take mi chaunce, & sle mi childe and do penaunce.
- 1372 Als i lay vpon (Adv 18.7.21)129 : Moder..tak et lithte, For liuen i sal a-ȝeyne.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1084 : Take al in pacience Oure prisoun, for it may noon oother be.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1186 : Here in this prisoun moote we endure And euerich of vs take his auenture.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.303 : Þis word was hevy to þe kyng, but ȝit he took [vr. touk; Higd.(2): suffrede; L toleravit] it aworþ.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1670 : He..takth the fortune of his chance.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.722 : Bot lete him falle and take his chaunce.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2084 : His sorwe gan aswage..For whan he wiste it may noon oother be, He paciently took his aduersitee.
- c1400(?c1308) Davy Dreams (LdMisc 622)157 : Ich it wil take in þolemodenesse.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)8.85 : Ac olde men & hore þat helpeles ben of strengþe..Blynde & bedrede.. Þat takiþ his meschief mekliche as myselis & oþere Han as pleyn pardoun as þe plouȝman hymselue.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2243 : At þis tyme twelmonyth þou toke þat þe falled.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2004 : As it cometh, lat hym take his vre.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4642 : He was..Fers of corage & loth to take a wrong.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1368 : Auentures..Entermedlyd wiþ gret aduersite..no man may..eschewe, But take his part as it to hym is dwe.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)37 : Al-thogh thee thynke this purpos sodeyn, Yit be nat heuy but in gree it take.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1969 : If ye lyst of me to make Youre prisoner, I wol it take..fully at gree.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)3/2 : Old maistrez war noȝt bisie..in sekyng..of this forseid cure; But for thai miȝt noȝt take the hardnes of it..thei kest it vtterly byhinde þair bak.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)355 : Þei take a worþ al peyne and persecucioun and sikenes.
- a1450 Hilton Epistle CF (Add 33971)317/255 : Payne nede[s] to be parformed in purgatory, or in þis lyfe by werk of penance..or elles wylfully tane of þe bitynge of concience of þi-self, and al-so by tribulacion and sekenes.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1052 : Tak thyn aventure or cas, That thou shalt fynde in Fames place.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)40 : She made him..so humble..That when her deyned to cast on hym her ye, He tok in pacience to lyve or dye.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)71/7,9 : God..wille þat we take oure abydynge and oure desese als lyghtelye as we may take tham..For the lyghtlyere we take tham, the lesse price we sette be tham.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)78/13 : Alle swylke paynes helpes man ȝif thay be paciently taken.
- c1450 ?Suffolk Knelyng allon (Frf 16)19 : As fortune wylle, so must I take my chaunce.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)97/16 : To þe vertu of pacience it longiþ to take þe greuaunce a worþ.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)235/13 : The cheefes of werre comyth nat by heritage, but suche as God yiueth wysdome and manhode, hauing the auctorite of the prince, there aught so to be taken and obeyed.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)856 : The tour hys strong y-now..There..schal no man it wynne; Take we it alle in myrþe þat we haue here-Inne.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)307 : Al men tak their fortune & chance.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)100/19 : Loke thou take thi good fortunes in humilite.
c
- c1350 Of alle þe witti (Add 45896)86 : Þen Is hyt wisdam to worchen as þe wyse and take þe wedur as hit cometz, cloudi and clere.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3043 : Thanne is it wisdom..To maken vertu of necessitee, And take it wel that we may nat eschue.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5641 : Take the world as it wolde be.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.198 : Men must at lepis take me [Fortune] as thei fynde.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)2108 : Take the world nov as it gooth.
- (c1452) Complaint Scrope in Scrope Castle Combe279 : I was fayne to take the tyme as it come.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1152 : Take yeur part as it comyth, of rouȝe & eke of smoth.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1171/22 : Ye shall take the woo wyth the weall.
- c1475 There stood (Trin-C R.3.21)47 : But I most take hit as hyt ys And sofre sorow with peynes smert.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1891 : We shalle be of hertis good Aftyr the wele to take the wo.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)280 : Take, as hit falleþ, þe þyk with the þyn.
14b.
To agree to something, accept an arrangement; ~ to the fight, accept a combat, agree to.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11821 : Frolle..he hit wende þat Arður hit wolde for-saken and nawhit to þan fehte taken.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)607 : So michel wil y ȝiue þe..will ȝe ta?
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.9.71 : Jonathas..sente legatis to hym, for to make pees with hym..And wilfully he toke, and dide after his wordis.
14c.
With prep. and refl.pron.: ~ on (upon), take (blame, suffering, etc.) upon (oneself), assume, incur.
Associated quotations
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.282 : Iesu Crist took vp on hym self the peyne of alle oure wikkednesses.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4160 : Blame and charge and þe wreche al Vpon him-self take he shalle.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)7/66 : I haue synned in wraþþe aȝens þee..takynge on me þi doom..and desirynge veniaunce.
15a.
(a) To hear [quot. c1400]; hear (sth., a word, confession, etc.); pay attention to (sth.); of the ear: receive (a sound); of God: hearken to (a prayer); ~ at herte, take (someone's prayer) to heart, hear favorably; ~ a word to werre, hear a dubious rumor; ~ in (to) eres, listen to (sth.), give ear to; (b) to behold, perceive visually; see (sth.); of God: perceive (the tears of a petitioner); ~ heven, behold the heavens;—used in fig. context; ~ sighte of, get a view of (sth.); ~ to, look at (sth.); ~ up, of a glance: take in (persons), survey; (c) of the brain or its faculties: to receive (impressions from the senses), accept, recognize; ~ impressioun, of a person: receive a mental image or an emotional impression; (d) of a vein: to receive (blood from another vein); of a nerve: ?receive (matter), absorb; ppl. takinge as adj., of a bodily organ: structured to receive or hold something, receptive; receiving bodily fluid; (e) in phrases: ~ ayen, to recover (consciousness); ~ breth (onde, wind), catch (one's) breath, take a breath; ~ in, inhale (air).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1333) Herebert Heyle leuedy (Add 46919)14 : Shou þat þou art moder one, And he vor þe take oure bone.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)53.2 : Here my praiere, and take in þyn eren [L auribus percipe] þe wordes of my mouthe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.9.20 : Taken to [WB(2): take; L adsumat] ȝoure eres þe sermoun of his mouþ.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2226 : Taak myn humble prayere at thyn herte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28118 : Þar i tok a word to were, I ne lete it falle on non manere.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)16/9 : Þenke þou how þou hast take and herd.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)145 : Wordes wo so trewly tase, By þe eres into þe hert it gase.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)49/19 : Whan answere was takin, þe aungel departede fro þe Virgyn.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)135a/b : Þe erez..þat takeþ [L apprehendunt] fantastic sownez, reynie, clarionyng, or hissyng & tynnyng, & biside hiryngez..suffre permutacioun of heryng.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.50 : Take oure preier, & late þe merci of þi pitee assoile hem þat ben boundun wiþ þe cheyne of synnes.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)99/28 : Soro..fro me suld pas..if my saule had hard or takyn þe songe of þi praysynge.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)2/2 : Þis monke tuke not his confession tendirlie, bod chiddid..& flate with hym.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)22b/b : Whi þe eere was maad and rerid vp wiþouten þe heed is for..þe sounes þat ben riȝt fugityf or flexible schulde lorke & abiden vndir his schadowe til þei weren taken of instrumentis of heerynge.
- a1500 Now rightwis Iuge (Corp-O 274)5 : Gudely þow take my praier now.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Tob.7.13 : I doute not þat god..my teris in his siȝte haþ taken [WB(2): resseyued; L admiserit].
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)5/26 : Samuel..schulde not take to þe semblaunt ne to þe altitude of þe stature of Helyab.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.3.2 : Ryght so..the cloudes of sorwe dissolved and doon awey, I took [F pris] hevene, and resceyved mynde to knowe the face of my fisycien.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)864 : Hir look nas not asyde..but beset so wel Hyt drew and took up..Al that on hir gan beholde.
- (1477) Stonor2.25 : Wylliam Dauers..wyllyd me to go on to take a syett of þe Gentylwoman.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3613 : Men may dye of ymaginacioun, So depe may impressioun be take.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1978 : This fresshe May Hath take swich impressioun that day Of pitee of this syke Damyan.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)46b/a : Þe vtilite whi þat it [brain] is white as a bare tabel is be cause þat schulde take oþer resceiuen alle þinge indifferentlye.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)46b/a : Þe vtilite why þat it [brain] is þinne is be cause þat þo þingis þat were taken, oþer cunned, oþer knowen, miȝte þe liȝtlier passen þurȝ.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)21a/b : Þe firste partie of þe firste ventricle of þe brayn is ordeyned..comoun witt or fantasie, and he takiþ alle þe formes or ordynauncis þat ben disposid of þe fyue wittis aftir þe remocioun or meuynge of sensible þingis.
d
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)309/20 : Whanne a man is woundid in þe heed, þis cauterie is good for drede of þe spasme; for herwiþ þe mater schal be consumed, þat nerues ben redi for to take.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)18a/b : Þe matrix..is þe felde of manes generacioun, & bi consequens it is an organe susceptiue, i. takyng [Ch.(2): receyuynge; L susceptiuum].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)21b/a : Causez..of reume & of deriuacioun of materie..haly abbas..restreyned þam vnto 6 þinges: viz. to þe fortitude..of þe membre expellyng or puttyng out, To þe debilite of þe membre takyng, To þe multitude of þe materie, [etc.].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)66a/b : Þe vtilite whi þer be mo orders þen one of þes veynes þat ben cleped miseraice was be cause þat ȝif enye þing eschaped framme one order, þe order nexte folowing schulde taken it.
e
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)9226 : Merlin..Dede his out wende to take þe winde, Gert her steden and ek resten.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judith 13.30 : Seeynge, forsoþe, achior þe heued of olofernes..fel in to his face vp on þe erþe & his lijf quappede; after forsoþe þat þe spirit taken aȝeen [L resumpto], he is reformed, he fel doun to hir feet.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)70b/b : A bond seruant suffreþ many wrongis..vnneþe sche is suffred to reste or to take breeth [L respirare].
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3555 : Þai rest þan a litil stound Forto tak þaire ande þam till.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1359 : Ouer þe watyre þey wente by wyghtnesse of horses, And tuke wynde as þey walde by þe wodde-hemmes.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)97 : Disnoicus is he þat takiþ in more of þe eir þan he putteþ out.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4000 : Alexander..his aande takis..his brand vp he liftis.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)104/345a : Spiro, anelitum capere: to take onde.
15b.
(a) With adv.: ~ with, of the earth: to receive (the seed), be sown; (b) of the moon: to receive (light), derive; ~ of, of the moon, moonlight: take (light, brightness) from (the sun); of a fallen angel: receive (light) from (the air); astrol. of a planet: receive (strength, comfort) from (another planet); of a star: receive (a quality, characteristic) from (Mars), derive; (c) of a person: to receive (heat from the sun); of the earth: take in (sth.); ~ to, of the sun: take back (light, heat) to (itself), recover; (d) of a river: to have (its source in a place); ~ in-to (to), receive (tributaries flowing) into (itself); (e) ben taken, of a wind: to be located (in relationship to another wind); (f) to admit (sunlight directed toward a part of an instrument).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15904 : Summ þe nowwt i ploh Þe turrnenn erþe..Swa þatt itt muȝhe takenn wel Wiþþ sed to berenn wasstme.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.735 : The monelyht..is noght of himselve bright, Bot as he takth it of the Sonne.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1323 : Pliades..takth of Mars complexion.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)611 : Þo [fallen angels] þat wonen in þe eyr an hyȝh..of þeo eyr takeþ heore lyȝt And han heore streynthe and heore myȝt.
- ?c1450(a1388) Wallingford Exafrenon (Dgb 67)227 : A planete of another takis grete strenght and comforth.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)146/177 : A starne thus..gyfys more light..Then any son..Or mone when he of son has ton his light so cleyn.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5844 : For light haþ þe mone right non But þat þe sunne hir smitiþ on..Forþ by þat shadowe light she tas.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8252 : She takeþ light by þat oþer side..And is clepid a newe mone.
c
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2840 : Þou seest þe sunne þat light makeþ And hete þerof þat we takeþ.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2844 : Þe sunne..Al þe hete þat he sent, And þe light of him also, Al aȝein he takeþ him to.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2961 : Þe erþe..al takith, Oure dede bodies not forsakith.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.49 : The Poo out of a welle smal Taketh his firste spryngyng and his sours.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)153b/b : Þis ryuer downow..takeþ to itself sexty ryvers.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)4/9 : Þe ryuer of Danuby..takes [Man.(1): receyueth; F resceit] in to him xl oþer ryuers.
e
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)2674 : Him nedeth forto knowe The wyndis..Theest cardinal is called subsolan..And Colchyas is on his right hond tan [L iungitur].
f
- a1400 LShip Venice (Trin-C O.5.26)407 : Þan is to take [L capiendum est] þe liȝte of þe sunne toward þe same partie in which þou hast arayed þe knott so þat þe liȝt appere in þe hole or in þe ouerþwert lyne of þat oþer table.
15c.
In phrases: ~ the air, of a person: to take in the fresh air, expose oneself to the fresh air, go outdoors for refreshment or recreation; of an object: be exposed to the air [see also air n.(1) 3.(b)]; ~ the wind, expose oneself to the wind, go out in the wind.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1215 : Diogenes..therinne sitte scholde And torne himself so as he wolde, To take their and se the hevene.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)208/3 : In þat lityll toothill wole he sytten often tyme for to taken [F prendre] the ayr.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1482 : Jason and Ercules..in a cog to londe were ygo, Hem to refreshen and to take the eyr.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)140/21 : Than a preyst..bar hir in-to þe Priowrys Cloistyr for to latyn hir takyn þe eyr, supposyng sche schulde not ellys han enduryd, hir labowr was so greet.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)1078 : His seruands..Bare him with oute to take þe ayre.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)323/28 : Eythir of them unlaced othir helmys and toke the colde wynde.
- ?a1475 Banester Guiscardo (Add 12524)244 : Sismond with hyr gentill women to take the eyre Valkyt in a garding.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)690 : Euery day wolde he Go to playe hym by þe see, The eyer for to tane.
- a1500 As I walkyd vppon (Hnt HM 183)2 : As I walkyd vppone a day To take þe aere off feld and flowre.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8584 : A man took..A peece of fleisshe..And shutte it þat it toke noon air.
16.
(a) To incline emotionally or mentally; ~ to (til), take to (an emotion, state of mind), feel; ~ to pride, be arrogant; (b) to be filled with (an emotion), have (a feeling), be in (a mental or an emotional state);—in selected phrases: ~ aue of, be respectful of (God); ~ boldnesse (hardiment), be emboldened; ~ bourde for, be amused at (sth.), be entertained by; ~ chere more comfortabli, assume a more cheerful frame of mind; ~ chere on honde, become cheerful; ~ comfort, take comfort, be comforted; ~ delectacioun (delite) of, ~ plesire(s in, ~ plesire of, take pleasure from (sth.); ~ disese, be unhappy, feel upset; ~ displesaunce ayenes (of), take offense at (sb. or sth.), feel rancor toward, be offended by; ~ displesir with, be angry with (sb.); ~ drede in (of), feel apprehension about (sth.), be worried about; ~ gladinge, enjoy oneself; ~ gladnesse of, derive (one's) happiness from (sth.); ~ herte, take heart, gain or regain courage, pluck up one's courage; ~ hevinesse, take offense; also, feel sorrow; ~ hope, have hope, be hopeful; ~ hope of, hope for (sth.); ~ ire for, be angered by (sth.); ~ joie, be delighted, take pleasure; also, take (one's) pleasure; ~ love of (to), fall in love with (sb.); ~ lust of (toward), be filled with desire for (sth.), take pleasure in (sth.); ~ modiȝleȝc of, be arrogant on account of (sth.); ~ mon for, be anxious about (sth.); ~ nith til (with, yen), ~ wrath til (yen), be hostile toward (sb.), be resentful of; ~ offense of, take offense at (sth.), be offended by; ~ parcialte ayen, be prejudiced against (sb.); ~ pite of, take pity on (sb. or sth.); ~ pride ayenes, feel arrogant toward (sb.); ~ repentaunce, feel remorse, be contrite; ~ savour in, take delight in (sth.); ~ sorwe (thought), feel sorrow, be sad; ~ trust, take courage; ~ trust of, trust (sb.); ~ wonder of, be shocked or surprised at (sth.); (c) in phrases with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ boldhede (herte) to, ~ corage upon, to take boldness (courage) to (oneself), be emboldened, take heart; ~ comfort to, take to (oneself) comfort, be comforted; ~ hope to, take to (oneself) hope, feel hopeful; ~ lighter chere to, ~ sorwe to, take better cheer (sorrow) to (oneself), feel more cheerful (sorrowful); ~ mon to, take to (oneself) anxiety, worry; ~ spirit unto, get hold of oneself, control one's emotions, take one's courage in hand; (d) ~ at (neigh to, til, to) herte, to take (sth.) to heart, be moved by, feel keenly about; ~ world to entente, embrace the world, be well disposed to worldly things.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)27624 : Þou walde na mon to pride sulde take, for þou walde na mon ware þi make.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.18.30 : Lord, Y biseche, take thou not to indignacioun [WB(1): ne indeyne thow; L Ne..indigneris] if Y speke.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)11/13 : Kynge Philippe, for sorowe þat he tuke till, felle grefe seke.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2633 : Marȝe..Ne toc..nan modiȝleȝȝc Off hire miccle sellþe.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10267 : All þatt follc toc niþ wiþþ himm Þatt læredd wass o boke.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14456 : Caym..toc Niþ ȝæn Abæl.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19558 : Tatt Farisewisshe follc Strang wraþþe takenn haffde Ȝæn himm.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19806 : Tokenn þeȝȝ till Crist Full hefiȝ niþ & wraþþe.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)31/17 : Eue biheold o þe forboden eappel..& toc hire lust þer toward.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)4656 : Now, sir, take þerof pite..Socour mi leman ȝif þou miȝt.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Josh.1.18 : Þou oonly tak confort [WB(2): be thou coumfortid; L Tu..confortare] & do manly.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judith 6.15 : Shew for þou forsakist not þat beforn alle thingis taken trost of þee.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Deeds 28.15 : Whanne Poul hadde seyn, he doynge thankinges to God, toke trist.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)17.273/52 : Þerfore go I To lyue in þis worldus weolþe..And take my Joye whil I may.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Ph.(Manly-Rickert)C.74 : Ne taketh of my wordes no displesaunce.
- (a1392) Clanvowe 2 Ways (UC 97)68/457 : Take we sauour in þoo þinges þat been abouen in heuene.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1767 : Sche tok thanne chiere on honde And clepeth him hire housebonde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2073 : Gret offence He tok therof.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.223 : Yit ther is A vice..Which, envious, takth his gladnesse Of that he seth the hevinesse Of othre men.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.803 : Cornide anon he slowh, Bot after..tok a full gret repentance.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2937 : Wherof the king gret hevynesse Hath take, and thoghte in his corage To gon upon a pelrinage.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.4643 : Thei token Pite of his grief.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.726 : Such a sorwe he tok therfore That he sat evere stille.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.368 : Swich a ioye she in hir herte took, Bothe of hir queynte ryng and hir mirour.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)448 : For ilhail sagh he þat tide Agains him he tok a pride.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)173/15 : He schal bigynne wiþ his good worchinge, riȝt as he took no drede þerof [L de cura nullo modo dubitaret].
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)517 : Þe kyng her-of took grete sorouȝ.
- c1400(?a1350) Bytwene a þousend (Cmb Ii.3.8)p.72 : Þerof wonder none iþow [read: þow] take, of cunde it komes hem to byswyke.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)95/15 : Hir owene children..wole noþir take awe.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)105 : Lift vp ȝoure hed, be glad, tak no sorowe!
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.617 : Tak herte, and thynk right as a knyght.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.37.35 : He nolde take counfort [L consolationem accipere].
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2671 : Wommen wel ought pite to take Of hem that sorwen for her sake.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)27774 : Swilk heuynes he takes in hert þat he rekkes noght of his awin quert.
- (1425) RParl.4.298a : Yat my said Lordes..nevere hereafter tak..displesaunce nor hevynesse yat oon ayens yat oyer.
- (1431) Plea Sharpe in RS 28.5 pt.1 (Hrl 3775)456 : Alle the wordely relygyous..ne lyve..in bodely trawayle..but taken of astate a lust, and putten a way travayle.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)218/17 : Þan takist þu meche sorwe & gret heuynes.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)66/24 : Meede..took so greete loue to Jason that..sche..made charmes..Jason to enchaunte.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)156 : Men mowe lawȝe and take bourde for her symplenes or her vnkunnyng as of folis.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)12.459 : Ful mochel deseisse he took In herte For theke dispit.
- a1450 SLeg.Suppl.Bod.(Bod 779)407/65 : Oure flesch an holiþorsday he ber to heuen..ich hote þe þorisday men take glading.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1023 : Titus for þe tydyng han take mychel joye.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)132 : He foloweth her..For whos departyng he tok gretter ire Then for al his brennyng in the fire.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)136/12 : Som of god take here noon awe.
- c1460 Lydg.TB Chapt.Headings (Roy 18.D.2)p.43 : How Iason and Hercules toke displeasure with Kyng Lamedowne.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)126/4 : Take none hevynesse..for this same chylde yonge Launcelot shall..revenge you on kyng Claudas.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1048/8 : Whan sir Launcelot was departed, the quene outewarde made no maner of sorow..but..inwardely, as the booke seythe, she toke grete thought.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)180/719 : The love of here he takys be-lyve That his hert is poynt to ryve.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)182/810 : The more myrthe þat eche man makes, The more sorow dame Elyn takes.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)105/237 : Mary, in this take ye no drede, For at God grace ffownde haue ȝe.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)338/21 : In the swete sauoure takith the hert grete pleasire.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)159/1 : Som..take thaire pleasirs in hauking and huntyng.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)181/5 : The light, chaungeable feith..of the subgites to this seigneurie was mocion..of the comyng of oure enemyes vpon vs, the whiche elles wolde neuir haue taken the boldenesse nor hardiment.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)215/14 : A seeke man iuged to dethe..sith hath taken hert and good hope.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)357 : For yowr croppe I take grett mone.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)91/27 : He takeþ delectacion of synnynge.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)751 : With that anon clarionas be ganne To take hir chere mor comfortably.
- a1500(?1451) Poem Waynflete (Add 60577)94 : Yonge men agayn olde takene parcyalyte.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)131/26 : Forasmuche as thei haue suche constitucions of place as therof the pleasur is take, what importith the constitucion not to mary preestis but to tourne lawfull generacion in advoutrye?
- a1500 GRom.(Glo 42)743/15 : For þat hyȝe worthenes þat gode had set hym in heven, He toke a gret pryde þer-of.
- a1500 Lo here is (Tan 407)22 : Than of the erthe delyght I take To see the florent wodys þer leves shake.
- a1500 Orch.Syon (Mrg M 162)311/13 : Wiþ þe hope þat þei take of my mercy, þei offendid me.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2013 : Þai kairen to þe cordis, knitten vp þe saile..tokyn þere herte.
c
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2090 : Þerfore no forþ [read: fors] no makeþ, Ac gode hert to ȝou takeþ.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27136 : Þou tas to þe bald-hede O gretter mans sinful dede.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6919 : Kyn Alisaunder, þouȝ hym were woo, Þoo took gode herte hym to [Auch: tok him gode hert to].
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)392 : Gret was þe sorowe he to hym toke.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)14.660 : Whanne Of his swownenge that he Awook, Thanne ful mochel Mone to him he took, For he ne wiste where that he was.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)33.162 : Whanne the kyng on þe child gan looke, Gret Comfort thanne to him he tooke.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)57/26 : God sent hym swilk contricion þat euer when he began to shryfe hym, he sighed & wepid so sore þat he mott not speke a wurd, So at þe laste he tuke his spiritt vnto hym & sayd, [etc.].
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)491 : Damysel, y pray ȝow..Taketh to ȝow hert and hold ȝow stylle.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.309 : He byddyth us takyn to us..hope of helþe & of sauacion.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)64/33 : Then went hys brothyr to þe kyng and..counselyt hym forto leue þat heuy cowntenance and taken lyghtyr chere to hym.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)101/28 : Thei..toke vpon them good courage.
- a1500 Eglam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)189 : He was botyd of mekylle care And gode comfort to hym hath tane.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1888 : I, heryng that, myn hert to me tooke, Towarde the iiiith wall turnyng my vysage.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.808 : He his fader deth to herte So tok that it mai noght asterte That he Typhon after ne slowh.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3033 : Abraham hit tok til [Göt: to] hert And thoght þis wordes war to smert.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.294 : Pirrus moste toke þis þing at herte, Makynge a vowe..To be vengid.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)389 : Take þe Werld to þine entent, And late þi loue be þeron lent.
- ?c1450 Brut-1447 (Trin-C O.9.1)483/37 : The Kyng wexe wroth and toke it to hert.
- a1500(a1450) Let.Marg.Anjou in Camd.86 (Add 46846)110 : He..must nede be droven by justice t'answear that to hymself, and likly, in yor defaulte, to be dishonoured and rebuked for ever; the which we suppose ye will take right nigh to hert.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)70/308a : Impectoro: to take to herte.
17a.
(a) To assent, accede; pursue a course, apply oneself, commit oneself; with prep. phrases: ~ til (to), commit oneself to (a religion, rite, that which is good, etc.), assent to, follow, pursue; also, refl. take oneself to (the wearing of coarse clothing, hunting, etc.), resort to; commit oneself to (poverty, a penance, the points of a religious rule, etc.), devote oneself to (an activity, a way of life, etc.); put credence in (Holy Writ); ~ to assent, with inf.: come to an agreement (to do sth.); ~ unto, refl. commit oneself to (religion); ~ with, believe in (Christ, Christ's teachings, God's word, etc.), assent to (penance); also, with inf.: consent (to do sth.), assent; (b) to accept (a god); accept (a religious faith, tenets, doctrine, etc.), assent to; convert to (a religion); adopt (a way of life, a life of virtue, poverty, etc.), pursue (good as opposed to evil); avail oneself of (the privileges of marriage); agree with (a manner of medical treatment); ~ pacience, adopt a patient manner, be patient; with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ to, take (Christ) to (oneself), accept (Christ); (c) in phrases with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ abstinence (charite, meknesse, pacience) to, to take abstinence (charity, meekness, patience) to (oneself), practice in (one's) life; ~ compassioun (obedience, tirannie) upon, take upon (oneself) compassion (obedience, sternness), be compassionate (obedient, unmerciful); (d) to accept (testimony) as true; also, with inf.: acknowledge (sb. to be rightful heir); ~ counseil til (to) paie, accept counsel willingly; (e) ~ credence (feith), to have faith.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)104 : Rihht o þatt wise comm Johan..To ȝarrkenn follc onnȝæness Crist, To takenn wiþþ hiss lare.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2457 : Ȝho toc wel wiþþ Godess word To wurrþenn swa wiþþ childe.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11841 : Þatt dide he forr to shæwenn Þatt uss ne birrþ nohht takenn wiþþ..To don ohht orr to spekenn ohht Off ifell & off sinne.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19129 : Hise [Christ's] menn ne tokenn nohht Wiþþ himm swa summ hemm birrde.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)5/66 : Bute hi here laȝe asoke & to here toke.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)72/2061 : Ȝyf boþe beþ of god wylle..To take to religion And makye a vou solempne.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1262 : Diana..tok hire al to venerie In forest and in wildernesse.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5827 : To grete penaunce he gan hym take, And moche for to fast and wake.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8436 : Þan was þis child sun sett to bok, Ful well i-wis þar-wit he tok.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28673 : It semes he has na repentance, Quen he will tak wit na penance.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)103/1303 : In maydons daunce y wyl not ga But to Armour bryȝt y will me ta.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)13429 : Þenne lafte þat bridgome þe bride And folewed ihesu..Of wif forsoke he hondbonde And toke him to þe better honde.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)3.268 : Whoso trespassiþ trewely & takiþ to þe wrong, His wykkide leaute shal do hym lawe, lese his lif ellis.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)77/6 : Þe wounde is þe dampnacioun of hem þat..ben vnobedient to Goddis biddingis, & taken hem to Antecristis nouelries.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)30/10 : Ȝif ȝe takiþ ȝow to Holy Writ, why wiþsigge ȝe oure priuyleges & oure fredom þat we haueþ by Holy Writ?
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3504 : To þe grace of God here I me ta.
- a1425(c1400) 5 Wits (Hrl 2398)22/13 : Ne make þou non excusacioun, bot lowly take þe to correccioun.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)6/4 : Til a god haue we tan.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)47.160 : Manye Oþere that weren but of tendre Age Tooken Aȝen to here ferste homage.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2120 : Þis rewel..sal eft be to hir red..þat scho wit be on & on Þe pontes wher-to scho hase hir tone.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)380 : Þou woldyst to þe Werld I me toke, And he wolde þat I it forsoke.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1566 : Maysterys and techeris..withoutte al clene hem make, & withinne stynkyn for here dede; to no goodnesse wil take.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)314/11 : He forsuke þis werld & tuke hym vnto religion.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)350/15 : He lefte all his gude & tuke hym to pouertie.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)998/31 : Than they toke hem to assente for to folow aftir to know whydir they repayred.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)6/146 : This worde..made me to take to þe ioye þat is euerlastynge.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)186/6 : All the ladyes of Rome..cosentid also to yeve away their..best array, and take themself to boistous garmentis.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.7 : Broþerr min..Þurrh þatt witt hafenn takenn ba An reȝhellboc to follȝhenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)17457 : Whase takeþþ Crisstenndom O Cristess name fullhtnedd..He beþ hæledd þurrh Cristess dæþ Off alle sinness wundess.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3494 : Loke ðat ðu god oðer ne make, Ne oðer ðan me ðat ðu ne take.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)71 : Aller furst i wole þe teche, Faire uertuz for to take, And foule þewes to forsake.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)498 : Man, if þu wolt þe world forsake, And Iesu Crist to þe take, Þu most ben ofte in orisoun.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.351 : We shul first feyne vs cristendom to take—Coold water shal nat greue vs but a lite!
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1314 : He..thoghte he wolde be relieved Of Soule hele upon the feith Which he hath take.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.840 : Ther was..an other feith, That thei here goddes and goddesses..token al to gesses.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7863 : Þe Iew..hadde nat oure lawe take.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)568 : An saul..It has als schilwisnes o will, þe god to tak [Trin-C: do] and leue þe ill.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19540 : Þe apostels þan hard sai Samaritans had tan þair wai [Frf: tane þaire lay].
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)2700 : Abraham..was..v skore bot ane þat day quen þai toke þe new lay.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.7.133 : This feynede philosophre took pacience a litel while.
- a1425 HBk.GDei (Hnt HM 148)65/18 : In þi derworthy handes, my Lord..I yhelde..my saule & my body, and all my frendes..and all þat has me gud done..and all þose þat Cristendome has tane.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)507/4 : The firste manere is with þe kyttinges of a rasoure, And it is put of Albucasis, of Haly Abbas..and William takeþ [*Ch.(1): accepteþ] it.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)190 : Crist..nedid alle prestis to leue þe betre & take the worse lif.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)7/8 : Alle the worldli graces that a good man ought for to haue were in Hector..he took them be the councell of Othea.
- a1450 Rev.HWoman (Lngl 29)76/562 : Ȝe disvsed ȝour-self in þe syn of lechery with-out eny nede, when ȝe myȝt haue had and taken þe fredom of wedloke, which ȝe had leve by God to take.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)391/331 : Þis lawe þat þou nowe late has laide, I schall lere men noȝt to allowe; Iff þei it take þei be be-traied, For I schall turne þame tyte.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)43/1 : They þat semen most wisest in þis world ben most folis, wich..forsaken þat þou hast taken: pouerte, penaunce, and gostly traueil.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)88/29 : His ordinaunce þat cristis holi lijf and passioun deseruid to vs grace to gete forȝeuenes of synnes, if we take and perfoorme þe remedies whiche ben resonabli ordeyned þerfore.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)101/15 : Take þou..þis hool doctryne, þis sufficient leernyng, þis fair and reulili disposid teching.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)4/43 : Moche peple..forsoke þe prosperite of þe world, & here fals beleue..& beleued in god..So þat many of þe grettist men toke such perfeccion þat þei were made monkis.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.229 : Syth þis lond took first þe feyth, þe peple was neuere renegat.
- c1500(1463) Ashby Pris.(Trin-C R.3.19)101 : I shall..the best lyfe take & the wors leuyn.
c
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)43/13 : Þer be sum bownyd with þe wikkid sprete of pride..takis a-pon thame tyranry and nurischis sclaunders and makis dissensiones in þe conuente.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)233/25 : Take upon ȝou compassioun.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)385/23 : Þei take upon hem a moore special obediens.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.41 : He forsook Presumpcioun and took to hym meeknesse.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3605 : Rightly may a man be trewe If he..take to him pacience And charite and abstinence.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)16689 : We spellenn þatt we cunnenn, & tatt we sæȝhenn opennliȝ Þærto we wittness sinndenn, & tohh swa þehh niss ȝuw nohht off To takenn ne to trowwenn Þatt wittness, þatt we berenn forþ Off þatt we wissliȝ sæȝhenn.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)537 : Þys ilke conseil þey toke til [vr. to] pay.
- (1471) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)11.714 : I..Knowlege, Take, and Repute you Edward, Prince of Wales..to be verey and undoubted Heyre to our..Soveraigne Lord.
e
- a1425 Here begynnes a new (Roy 17.C.17)37 : He es uppe resyn & not here..Ta ye now faithe that ye ne dwelle To Hys dyssypulles for to telle..that He sall be Befor yow all in Galyle.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)730 : Why wyll ye nott..forsake yowr fowle neclygence..And vnto my godhed to take credence?
17b.
(a) To follow (someone's advice, one's own counsel); also in proverbs; ~ avis (counseil, red); ~ discrecioun, follow the discretion or judgment (of sb.); ~ resoun (skil), follow reason, act reasonably; ~ to counseil, refl. betake oneself to (someone's) counsel, heed (someone's) advice; (b) to adopt (a course of action, plan, etc.); ~ avising, refl. with inf.: decide (to do sth.); ~ conclusioun, with that clause: decide (that one will do sth.); ~ counseil, make a plan; also, with inf.: decide (to do sth.); ~ on wei or other, follow one course or another, take one way or another; ~ purpos, resolve on a course of action, make a plan, adopt a course of action; also, with inf. or that clause: resolve (to do sth., that one do sth.) [see also purpos n. 1.(f)]; ~ red, adopt a course of action; make a decision; with inf. or that clause: resolve (to do sth., that one do sth.) [see also red n.(1) 2a.(b)]; (c) ~ til red, refl. adopt a plan; ~ to red, usu. refl. adopt a course of action, make a plan; with inf. or that clause: decide (to do sth., that sth. occur) [see also red n.(1) 2a.(c)]; (d) to heed (God's word), follow; honor (a truce), observe.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)47 : Of him he tok his red To kepen his soule from þe qued.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2363 : Salomon seith, 'take no conseil of a fool.'
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2370 : And ther fore seith Tullius, 'Enclyne nat thyne eres to flatereres, ne take no conseil of wordes of flaterye.'
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7387 : Who that wole himself noght meke To pes, and list no reson take, Men sein reson him wol forsake.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.184 : Þer men bedis skille, skille men ouh to take.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)8/7 : We pray þe þat we may suilke cunsal take þat we may do þi wille.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3083 : Þat day þe ladys þou forsoke And to my counsel þou þe toke, Þou were betyr anhangyn on hoke Upon a jebet hyll.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)360 : All that ther stotede [read: stode] Anon tokyn her aduys.
- a1500(a1475) Ashby Dicta (Cmb Mm.4.42)726 : Trust neuer to your owne wytte, ne in Counseil, But..Of the moost wisest, tate [read: take] discrecion, That nought eschape bi Innocencye.
- a1500 And a woman (RwlPoet 34)53 : Now take, clerk, thi best rede.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2332 : For his verre spouse he forsook, And to þe deuels counseil he him took.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12869 : The troiens full tite token his rede, Sendon for the sure kyng in a sad hast.
b
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1194 : For-þi he token anoþer red Þat þei sholden þenne fle.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)773 : Tristrem, þi rede þou ta In inglond forto abide.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2857 : Duc Theseus..Caste now wher that the sepulture Of good Arcite may best ymaked be..And at the laste he took conclusioun That..He wolde make a fyr in which the office Funeral he myght al acomplice.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7534 : Thei..went hem out..And tok a pourpos ther..Of what thing that thei wolden do.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.702 : Ther ben folk of swich condicioun That whan they haue a certeyn purpos take, They kan nat stynte of hir entencioun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11151 : He..tok his redd al for to fle, Priuelik and latt hir be.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19711 : Þai tok þair red Dernli him to do to ded.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1236 : Þe riche of hem..token conseil on þe morowen Chaumpe bataile to wenden to.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1201 : Þenne þe kyng of þe kyth a counsayl hym takes, Wyth þe best of his burnes a blench for to make.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.770 : For she wol take a purpos for t'abide.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Leg.Suppl.Hrl.(Hrl 4196)84/319 : Purpos plainly taken he has Þat he wold vnto saint Peter pas.
- a1425 Ordin.Nuns(1) (Lnsd 378)142/26 : The gude purpose þat I haue tane, I sall fulfill it to my liuis ende thrugh þe grace of god.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1173 : Now Titus conseil haþ take þe toun to assayle.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)592 : Heroude hade taken rede Þat þe child schuld be dede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)18308 : In þe tempyll herd he tell was gold..To foche yt, and þe folke to fell, his purpase playnly hath he toyne.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)49/1447 : Hope..saith that fortune hath hir newe bithought, And tath hir silf a bettir avisyng Forto amende in euery maner thyng That she hath doon me in displesere falle.
- (1471) Paston1.441 : I had almost spoke with Mestresse An Hault, but I dyd not; Neuyre thelesse thys next terme I hope to take on weye with hyr ore othere.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)11/25 : Whan þay sawe the Englysh men..thay toke anothyr consayll and turned ayayn to toun.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)90 : We wot wele that we tooke a grevouse counseyl a-yenst the.
c
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)225 : Þe traytours of scotlond token hem to rede þe barouns of engelond to brynge to dede.
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)13 : Alle the popes clerkes han taken hem to red, If treuthe come amonges hem, that he shal be ded.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)133 : Truly tiȝt hadde þat quene take hire to rede to bring þat barn in bale botles for euer.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1771 : They token hem to rede And soghten frendes ate nede.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10741 : Þey ȝede, and toke hem alle to rede, And tolde hys wyfe þat he was dede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4032 : Þir breþer tuain þam tok to red To dele þair landes þam bi-tuixs.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.52 : Þo childre tok to rede to com vnto þis lond.
- a1450 Of alle þe ioyus (Cmb Dd.11.89)287 : His frendes token him to red Of the croys to taken Hym tho.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1225 : Then all þo ten hath tane to red to feyn a falshed for þat fude.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.35 : Take the tille a bettur rede; Thenke that Gode for-gaue his dede.
d
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.36 : Essey, Saducey, and Pharisey..distriede Crist..for turninge from his lawe, for þei token not wel Goddis word.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)7601 : A xii monyth þe trewse was tane And thretty dayes tyll he was gane.
18.
(a) To assume (an office, a position, duty, etc.); also fig.; accept (a challenge); take up (a craft); also, assume responsibility for the truthfulness of (a book) [quot. a1400(a1325), 1st]; ~ a reule as for capitain, assume command of a ship; ~ charge (cark), assume an obligation or a responsibility, vouch [see also charge n. 3a.(b)]; ~ honour, assume an exalted position; ~ ordre(s, take holy orders, be ordained;—also iron. [2nd quot.]; also, assume the role of an apostle [quot. ?a1450] [see also ordre n. 7.(c)]; ~ ordre of knight, ~ ordre and degre of knighthode, become a knight; ~ ordre of prest, ~ ordre (testament) of presthede, be ordained priest; ~ ordre of widwehede, vow to remain a widow; ~ pouere, assume authority; ~ religioun, join a religious order; with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ on (to, upon), take to (oneself responsibility, mastery, authority, etc.); take up (the practice of medicine) [quot. 1421]; ~ up him, to take it upon oneself (to do something), undertake, volunteer; ~ upon hire the office for to speken, take upon herself the responsibility to speak; also, with adv.: ~ on charge, take on responsibility; ~ to the craft, take to the craft, take up the craft; (b) to incur the blame or guilt for (wickedness); ~ curs of laue in flesh, of Jesus: take the curse of God's law on (his) flesh, incur guilt (for mankind); with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ on (unto), take upon (oneself a sin, care, etc.); with adv.: ~ to, incur the blame for (someone's wickedness) [transl. of L assumere].
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10896 : Johan..nohht ne durrste Fullhtnenn þe Laferrd..& tatt he toc þatt wikenn þohh Þa siþþenn, whanne he wisste Þatt ure Laferrd wollde swa Illc rihhtwisnesse fillenn.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)184 : Ȝef ani of ȝou..any strok munteþ to me, Mahoun mi god ich here for-sake Ȝef he sschal euere ordres take, Of ani oþer bisschopes hond, bot of Corsouze, mi gode brond.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)68/339 : Ordir..giffes power..to tham that takes the ordir of prest.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.2.54 : Fynees, oure fadir..toke testament of euerlastynge presthode.
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)47/87 : Ȝif eny of þe brethren..be chosen wardein..he shal take þe charge alsone as he is warned þerof.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2404 : Resoun wol nat that any man sholde bigynne a thyng but if he myghte parforme it as hym oghte, ne no wight sholde take vp on hym so heuy a charge that he myghte nat beren it.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.747 : He swoor hire..That neuere in al his lyf he..Ne sholde vpon hym take no maistrye Agayn hir wyl..But hire obeye.
- (1397) RParl.3.379a : In the which Commission I..restreyned my Lord of his fredom, and toke upon me..Power Reall.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20790 : Bot þar egain, sais saint jeronim, He wil noght tak þe cark [Göt: boke; Frf: charge] on him, Quar þat it be sua soght or nai.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28364 : I, prest..In dedly sin..tok, vnscriuen, Myn orders.
- a1400 Wenest þu (Lin-C 132)5 : We had leuur scole for-sake, & ilche of us an-oþur crafte take.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)350 : Me þink hit not semly..Þer such an askyng is heuened so hyȝe in your sale, Þaȝ ȝe ȝour-self be talenttyf, to take hit to your-seluen.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)87/12 : Þei schulen take power as kingis oon hour aftir þe beest.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2100 : He..taken had þe ordre and degre of knyȝthood.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1488 : He anoon toke þe ordre of knyȝt of Ydumeus.
- (1421) RParl.4.158a : Many unconnyng..in the forsayd Science practiseth and specialy in Fysyk, so that in this Roialme is every man, be he never so lewed, takyng upon hym practyse.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)19/17 : Þoow þe comen lawe inhibete þe to take holy orderes, in holi wryt is non obstacle.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)462 : But ȝef that they wol mendys make, Aȝayn to the craft they schul never take.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)507 : I wol of myn owene autorite, For comune spede, take on the charge now.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)115/12 : What man hath takyn þe ordyr of presthode, be he neuyr so vicyows a man in hys leuyng, ȝyf he sey dewly þo wordys ouyr þe bred þat owr Lord Ihesu Criste seyde..I be-leue þat it is hys very flesch & hys blood & no material bred.
- (1444) Will York in Sur.Soc.30113 : My wille ys yt my wif be my chief executrice, Sir Roger Houswif, Sir William More..John Peny..to be myn executoris, and to every of hem c s. yat takith administracion.
- 1448 *Glo.Chron.C (Arms 58:Kooper)f.294r : Seynt Lowez kyng of Fraunce, hauyng compassion of the desolacion of Engelond by procuryng of Bonafas archebisshop of Caunterbury .., and declaryng the prosses bytwene the kyng and his barons, toke vp hym to be arbitrour bytwixt hem.
- (1449) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.45 : As of ony issu, melery had betwixe hem, aftir espouseles..j neuere knewe ne herd speke of..as j dar take charge be-for god.
- a1450(1410) This holy tyme make (Dgb 102)121 : Þouȝ þou take ordre or religeoun, Wiþ-oute charite þou seruest no mede.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)281 : Þe thrid degre es not so gude: Men or wemen of wilful mode, Þat order of religion takes.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)3897 : Þe aposteles..asked..Who wolde þen her ordre take.
- c1450(?a1400) SLChrist (Add 38666)36 : We reden of two and fourty ȝere of Octouian..The on and thretty..That kyng Heroud toke his honoure..Conceyued was of a mayde..Ihesu Crist our Saueoure.
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)383 : How darst þu take vp-on þe apostilhede?
- (1462) Paston1.393 : Þe Mayster of Carbroke wold take a rewle in the Mari Talbot as for capteyn.
- (1469) Will Pembroke in Antiq.439 : Wife..Remember your promise to take þe ordre of Wydowhood.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)361/19 : Hit lyke you to take so symple an offyce.
- a1475(a1400) Lystyn man & (Hrl 3954)197/54 : It was a clerk with outyn wrake But he had non ordre take.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)125/545 : I charge þe..þat þou never wed wif, ne be man of religion..ne take ȝou no maner ordir upon þe þen þou hast byfore þis tyme.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)68/32 : Hope..toke vpon hir..the office for to speke.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1010 : All charge of þis chaunse..Ercules vppon hond hertely has tane.
b
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1420 : He sholde me bere Vnto þe se, an drenchen ine, And wolde taken on him þe sinne.
- c1390 To loue (Vrn)110 : Whon I was from hym fled, On hym he tok þe wronge.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)808 : He toke on hymself oure carez colde.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.4.6 : Thou shalt take to [WB(2): take; L assumes] the wickidnes of the hows of Juda.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)81/6 : Þat child Ihesu..took for us þe curs of lawe in his flesh, and deliuerede us fro þe curs of lawe.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1412 : Þei þat slee men and for-do, Take her synne hem vnto?
19.
(a) To conceive (a desire, a sorrow); take (a notion); with inf.: ~ a devocioun, desire (to do sth.); ~ herte (talent), take a notion (to do sth.), form a desire (to do sth.); (b) in selected phrases: ~ avis (avisement, counseil, thought), to take thought, ponder, reflect; ~ ground upon, base an argument upon (certain words); also, of an undertaking: be based upon (sth.); ~ kithinge with, recognize (sb.); ~ knouleche of (unto), recognize (sb. or sth.); also, remember (sb. or sth.) [quot. a1500]; ~ minde of, turn (one's) mind to (Jesus), be mindful of; ~ no doute, have no doubt, rest assured; ~ wit, with that clause: deduce (that sth. is so); (c) to take (counsel) together; in selected phrases: ~ avis (deliberacioun), ~ counseil (togeder, confer together, consult with others, take counsel, deliberate together; ~ rath bitwene, ~ red bitwixen, take counsel among (themselves); ~ red with, take counsel with (sb.), consult with; (d) ~ to counseil, to take (sb.) to counsel, consult with (sb.); also, refl. take counsel; ~ to red, consult;—also refl.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3913 : Þan bigan þam tak talent To wend in to þair aun land.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)96/14 : Þe king took a deuocion for to goo a perlious passage on þe see.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)434/35 : Whan they were a-bed bothe, sir Trystrames remembirde hym of his olde lady La Beale Isode and than he toke suche a thoughte suddeynly that he was all dismayed.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)241 : Feire sone Ewein, wher haue ye take that talent and that herte for to leve me and to serue another?
b
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)63 : Make me a god sarmoun.. Þer-of i wole consail take, Hu i mihte þe world forsake.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)619 : Of Iesu tak þi minde, And fiht aȝein þin owen kinde.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2310 : Thanne shal ye take conseil in youre self, and examyne wel youre thoghtes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2916 : Dame Prudence..delibered and took auys in hir self.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2941 : We biseke to youre wommanly pitee to taken swich auysement..that we..be nat desherited.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.10 : By the shadwe he took his wit That Phebus..Degrees was fyue and fourty clombe on highte.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)145b/a : Sche wil sitte and bende hire necke al aboute, as hit were, takynge auysement [L deliberans].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4817 : Cuth þai wit him na kything [Göt: of him na knaulag] tak, And vncuthli to þam he spak.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)101/1270 : Þe knyȝtes toke consel ecchoon, Or þey wolde þennes goon.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.855 : Yan John Lyllyng tuke avysement, and of his free and propre will he prayed yam yat yai wald vouchesaufe to restor hym to hys fredom of ye cite.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1052 : Now hase Percyuell..Spoken with his emes twoo, Bot neuer one of thoo Took his knawlage.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)102/32 : Att þe laste he tuke knowlege vnto his moder.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1048/8 : So whan sir Launcelot was departed the quene outewarde made no maner of sorow..but..inwardely..she toke grete thought.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)174 : They haue grett ease, þerfor þei wyll take no thought.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)671 : For this he toke so mekille thoghte That his fatt fleshe wastide nye to noght.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)878 : If your mastir & ye resemble alle abowte My goode mastir & me, then take ye no dowte.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1219 : Oure fynal secrete is to know the thinge where-vpon oure werk shuld take hir grownde.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2427 : Upon these wordis thei take theire grounde, That Aer est cibus ignis fownde.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)218/13 : Afftir aduersite men woll nat take a knowlege of the occasiones and the offences don byfore tyme.
- ?a1500 Othea (Hrl 838)81/8 : Better is at þe fyrst, concell for to take, Then after to repent, when hytt is to late.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)874 : Of synnys fo[r]gotyn take good avysement.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2368 : Þæraffterr comm þatt hire frend Hemm tokenn raþ bitwenenn, To ȝifenn hire summ god mann All affterr hire birde.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1737 : Wið is wiues he takeð red, And greiðet him deðenward wið sped.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)286 : Sore hem rewe þe kinges blod Þat it schuld be spilt so, And tok rede bitvixen hem to Þe to childer ouer þe se bring.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)61 : Muche poeple to him kam, & token alle here consail þare, Þat þei wolden wiþ alle fare.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.28.12 : Thei gedrid to gidre with the eldere men..a counceil takun, ȝaue to the knyȝtis plenteuous money.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2977 : Melibees freendes hadde taken hire auys and deliberacioun of the forseyde matere.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4790 : For vs alle do þis trauail, Þar of es god we ta consail Again þe flum to folu þe sloth, Corn þan sal we find for sothth.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)7/20 : Hu þabes sal take hir cunsale: Scho sall calle alle þe cuuent to-gidir and..loke whilke sais best resun.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.858 : Her apon avyce taken, yt was gifen yam for answer at yat tyme yat ye Mair and ye gude men sulde send certeyn men..to the archibisshopp.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)6875 : Þys Erchebischop his conseil tok At þo þat þis lond schulden lok.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)214 : The kynge..set a jugemente Wythoute callynge of ony parlemente, Or grete tary to take longe avyse.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)274/94 : Ther-fore takyth now ȝoure cowncel and A-vyse ȝou ryth weyl.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)77 : The Jewes toke a counseyl to-gedre.
d
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)100 : Erls and barouns euerichon Token hem to red anon..And made Costaunce her king.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.65 : Þe senatoures took hem to rede [L deliberavit] forto..gete hem oþer places forto dwelle ynne.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)213 : Whan þe kyng þus was slawe, Eorles, barons, hyȝhe and lawe, Tokyn heom alle to rede—A kyng þey mosten haue nede.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)956 : Sir Gawayne on the morne to conselle he [Arthur] tase..In-to a toure than he hym has.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)252/266 : At morne thay toke to red, And fals witnes furth soght, And demyd hym to be dede.
- a1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)50 : Þanne þe barounage sone anon Took hem to consayle euerychon..To make Moyne here kyng.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)11/19 : The men of the toune weryn y-ware of thare comynge and toke them to consayll [Dub: rede]..that thay wolde figh[t] with ham in the Playn felde.
20.
(a) To derive (sth., a quality), draw; draw (a narrative from a source); ~ of, derive (sth.) from (sth.); med. elicit (information, evidence) from (the pulse); (b) to derive (spiritual understanding from prophecy); ~ bisne at (bi, o, of), ~ bisning bi (o), ~ fore-bisne of, learn a lesson from (sb. or sth.), take example from; ~ ensaumple, take example, learn a lesson; with inf.: take something as a precedent (to do sth.); ~ ensaumple at (of), learn a lesson from (sb. or sth.); also, follow the example of (sb.); with inf.: take example from (sb. to do sth.); ~ ensaumple bi, learn a lesson from (sb. or sth.); also, interpret (sth.) as a sign [quot. a1400(a1325), 3rd]; ~ gostli wit of, derive spiritual understanding from (a literal prophecy); ~ the moralite, draw the moral, elicit the spiritual significance of something; (c) to infer (sth.); ~ bi, infer (sth.) from (a text); ~ of, with inf. or that clause: infer from (a reported fact that there is justification to do sth.), take the notion from (a text that one will do sth.); (d) gram. ~ of, of a relative: to take (its gender) from (a preceding noun), derive from; ~ part (partie) of, of a participle: take some features or characteristics from (another part of speech).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)3a/b : Yt by houeþ þat he knowe..þe sikenes, ffor why of it is proprely taken [L sumitur] þe curatyue intencioun.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)208/6203 : O Fayrist flowre..The whiche þat y oft-tymys see appalle Thorugh shamfastnes þat ye of womanhed Taken yowre silf.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)6541 : Of þis wyse tellis þe boke Whare I þis cronicle toke.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)200/11 : Y denye þe seid ground whervpon þe iiije and ve argumentis ben bildid, and takun her strengþ.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2170 : In phisike trust not to vryne Only, but also take witnes & doctryne Of youre pulsis.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14470 : Ȝiff þu bisne takenn willt Off þise tweȝȝen breþre To follȝhenn Godess þeww Abæl.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14496 : Þa takesst tu gastlike witt Off staffliȝ witeȝhunnge.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14696 : Ȝiff þu takesst bisne att himm To follȝhenn herrsummnesse.
- ?a1300 11 Pains(1) (Dgb 86)403/25 : Of me may mon forbisne take þat wole his sunnen al forsake.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7964 : Ich time Agreuein In sleiȝt kid so michel main Þat his feren..token ensaumple wele to don.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.13 : He amonesteþ vs þat we taken gode ensaumple.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.107 : Oþer men toke ensample of his hardynesse, and fauȝt orpedliche.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.568 : A gentil maunciple was ther of a temple, Of which achatours myghte take exemple.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4630 : Ye that holden this tale a folye, As of a fox, or of a cok, and hen, Taketh the moralitee, goode men.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.229 : Of holy cherche the largesse..dede gret almesse To povere men..Wherof the poeple ensample tok.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7901 : Take þou ensample at seynt Ierom; Do as he dyd.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2881 : I rede yow take Ensaumple bi þis waful wrake.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3513 : O blesing mai man bisin [Göt: bisening] take Bi childer of þis ysaac.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16865 : Noiþer þai gaf man, ne tok ensample gode þar-bi.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)27/32 : Hij mosten ben swich in alle poyntz þat þe mysbileuande folk ne teken no wicked ensample of hem.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)12.237 : Of briddes and of bestes men by olde tyme, Ensamples token and termes, as telleth þis poetes.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5767 : For where they good ensaumple take, There is he with veynglorie shake.
- ?a1425 Man þus on rode (RwlPoet 175)27 : Ensaumple þou take Of synfull Mary maudelayne.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)291/30 : He þat bouȝte it schulde be putt to prisoun..þat oþer mown take ensaumple þerof þat þei do not þe same.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.Say.Nightingale (Trin-C R.3.20)65 : Þis briddes song..Who þat take þe moralytee, Betokeneþe pleynly for to vnderstonde þe gret fraunchyse..Which shoulde in loue beo.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)1430 : Take the moralite of Autumpne the sesoun, how it is appropryd..to the thrydde age.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)1.21.67 : And by thys conclusioun maist thou take ensample in alle the signes, be thei moist or drie, or moeble or fixe, reknyng the qualite of the planete.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)233 : Of a torche þat is tend tak an ensample.
- a1475(c1441) Lament Duch.Glo.(Cmb Hh.4.12)10 : All women that in thys world art wroght, By me..may ensample take.
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)19 : Example hereof we take to bylde vpon a more perfit new house.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)172/22 : Then taket þis ensample of syr Auberk þat..louet þe sacrament of þe auter.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)129/654 : This example was sheuyd..for all synners, to take exsample at me to be penytant of þer synne and to exchewe þe occasion of þe same.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Roy 18.B.25:Powell)54/148 : Þe apostlis tuke example at Cristys doctrine, and of hys pacient pouerte, whan thei forsoke all wardys welþis.
c
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)54 : Of which now rehercid text thei taken that who euer is a persoon of saluacioun schal soone vndirstonde the trewe meenyng of Holi Scripture.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)57 : Poul wrote hise..Epistle to the Philipensis and his Epistle to Colocencis..whanne he was in prisoun at Rome, as it mai be tak bi the same epistlis.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)343 : Gyue we to aduersaries here þat men shulden..shewe hem to prestis, for so men diden bifore tyme boþe in þe oolde lawe & in þe newe, but hou shulde men take of þis to roune wist [read: wiþ] prestis & þus to be assoiled?
d
- c1450 StJ-C Accedence (StJ-C F.26)28/492-3 : Qwerby knowyst a participyl? For he takyth part of nown, part of verbe, and part of bothe. Qwat takyth he of nown? Gendyr and case. Qwat of þe verbe? Tyme and significacyon. And qwat of bothe? Nowmbyr and persone.
- c1450 Trin-C.Treat.Syntax (Trin-C O.5.4)179/67 : My relatyf schal take hys gendre of the noun that goth byfore.
- a1500 Douce Accedence (Dc 103)59/169 : A partycypull..ys a party of spech..and takyth parte of a nowne, party of a verbe, and party of both two.
21.
(a) To distinguish (sth., a difference between things or classes of things); ~ difference (diversite), make a distinction, distinguish; (b) ~ difference, of types of a condition: to be differentiated (with regard to sth.); ~ diversite, of surgical aids: differ (according to the end for which they are made).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)278b/b : Houndes..takeþ no dyuersite bytwene moder and suster and oþere bicches, touchinge þe dede of leccherie.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)20b/b : Of substaunce forsoþ takeþ [L assumit] Auicen þe first difference þat of apostemez, Som bene grete, Som bene litel.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)97b/a : Fractures..þat ar taken of..particlez..Som ar yn þe bone of þe heued; Som in bone of þe nose.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)74/20 : Of apostemes þere ben many kyndes and differencis, for some bene take [*Ch.(1): y-taken] of þe substaunce of a þing, and some of þe matir and some of accidentes.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)51a/a : Spicez of solucion of continuite takeþ þe raþest difference of 3 þingez.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)55b/a : Tentez & lichinez taken diuersite of þe ende for which þai ar made.
22.
(a) To understand, comprehend; understand (sth.), take the meaning of; also, understand (sth.) in a certain way, interpret, construe; also fig.; with obj. and noun complement: interpret (sth. as sth. else); ~ to understondinges, understand (names) according to (two) interpretations, take (names) in (two) senses; with adverbs: ~ amis (wrong), understand (sth.) wrongly, misinterpret; ~ a-right (proprelie), interpret (sth.) aright (properly); (b) in selected phrases: ~ for, to understand (sb. or sth.) to signify or stand for (sb. or sth. else), interpret to mean; also, understand (sth.) to be (sth.); also, recognize (sb.) as (sth.) [quot. c1400(?c1380)]; ~ in, fig. see (sb.) in (sth. else), understand (sb.) to be meant by (sth.); ~ in-to, understand (sth.) to be (sth.); ben taken in reprevinge of, be construed as a reproof of (sb.); (c) ~ for, to mistake (sb. or sth.) for (sb. or sth. else), confuse (sb. or sth.) with (sb. or sth. else); also in proverbs; (d) to learn by observation.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11925 : Forr þær he [devil] toc biforenn Crist All wrang þe bokess lare.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)18853 : Heffness lihht bishineþþ all Mannkinne þessterrnesse, & þessterrnesse nohht ne toc, Acc all forrwarrþ þe leme.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 1.5 : The liȝt schyneth in derknessis, and derknessis tooken [WB(2): comprehendiden; L conprehenderunt] not it.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6429 : Mi Sone, take it as I seie.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10396 : Þe bulles tuelue he offrid sua, þou sal þe tuelue apostels ta.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)31/6 : Ȝif þe gospel is take ariȝt, þe tribute was axed onlich of Crist.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)343 : Þis dreem takun amys turneþ up so doun þe Chirche.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1588 : Criseyde..for routhe—I take it so—touchyng al this matere, Wrot hym ayeyn.
- c1425 Wycl.Concord.in Spec.43 (Roy 17.B.1)272 : Suche wordis in þis concordaunce ben maad knowen bi sum word addid to hem, wherby it may be wist whanne þei ben taken in oon significacioun, & whanne in a noþir.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)24/24 : Men schall vnderstande that Pallas and Minerve is all oo thing, but the names be dyuerse and be taken to ijo vnderstandinges.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)250 : Adoracioun propirly takun is a deede bi which a creature declariþ..an oþir þing or persoon to be his ouerer and worþier.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)251 : He haþ rad in kunnyng and holy mennys writingis summe of þese wordis takun in oþere wisis þan y take hem now here.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)43/18 : Thus I tokede it for that tyme that our lorde Ihesu..walde schewe me comforthe.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4656 : Goddis wisdome..none may take.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)9/9 : Scripture conteyneþ mych..wiþin him which þe writer..took bi resoun, lijk as many oþire þingis conteynyd in scripture þe writer receyuyd bi feiþ.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)343 : Þus men vndurstonden not þe gospelle of ihesu crist but þei taken þe lettir þer-off.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)35 : Þo hous of God her is tane þe congregacoun of feiþful men, in onhed of spirit wiþ Crist.
- a1500 Chartier Dial.F.&F.(Sion Arc.L.40.2/E.43)37/21 : I take yt after the comon vnderstondyng, but the more subtele vnderstondyng therof I abyde to knowe of the.
- a1500 ?Ros Belle Dame (Cmb Ff.1.6)582 : Of very right he may be called trewe, And so must he be take in euery place, Þat can deserue..And kepe the good.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)9939 : Children ben..curiouser..To þing þat men hem sette to, Lightly takyng and holding, For her wit is euer wexing.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19029 : Tacc nu þe sawle forr þatt mann Þatt cumeþþ her to manne.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)116/893 : Now preueþ þis doctour þat a day mot be take here for a ȝeer, boþe by auctorite of holy writ..and also by resoun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1379 : Þe fader in cedre þou sal take, A tre of heght, þat has na make.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)830 : In Ierusalem þus my lemman swatte [read: swete] Twyez for lombe watz taken þare.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.494 : Here my trouthe, & take it for beheste.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)2818 : Alle þir four stedes..for helle..may alle be tane, Of whilk four purgatory es ane.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)50/4 : God forbede þat I schuld in þis werk sey anyþing þat miȝt be taken in reprouyng of any of þe seruauntes of God.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)106 : Worschip thi fader and thi moder..And whoso is thi warldly lord or thi kyng Is taken for thi fadir in this byddyng.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)57/14 : Allegorie: For Pasiphe, the which was a fooll, may be taken a soule retournyd to God.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)369/20 : The abbot and Couent..were I-woned to take the tythis of sheves into rewarde of ther tythys.
c
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)342/26 : Sigillatiuis, & cicatriȝatiuis, & consolidatiuis ben al oon..But oon herof is taken for anoþer ofte tyme.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)6663 : He was so megere..There ys none..Shulde hym haue take for Partanope.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)221 : Wyll for dede oft ys take.
- a1500 Fasc.Mor.(Cai 71/38)Tag 36 2 : Syn lawe for will begynnes to slaken..falsed for sleyth now is taken.
- ?a1500 Othea (Hrl 838)136/18 : Fooles take rosen ofte for frankensense.
d
- (1450) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.324 : Whereby the same foreyn shall perceyve and take by his own capacite and exercise unto the tyme that the same foreyn be bounden apprentice to a persone barbour or other persoune able enfrauncheised using the same craft.
23.
(a) To consider, take thought (in one's mind); also, turn one's attention to (sth.); think on (sth.), consider; take (sth. into one's mind, thought, remembrance), mark (sth.), take note of; ~ afore, anticipate (that sth. is the case); ~ biforen, imagine (sth.) [transl. of L praesumere]; with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ upon, think to (oneself) about (sth.), consider (sth.); (b) with diminished force, in conjunction with another verb which conveys the chief semantic notion: take (sb. or sth.) as an example (and do sth.), consider the case of, note (sth. and do sth. else); (c) to believe (sth.); also, assume (sth.), suppose; with that clause: be of the opinion (that sth. is so), hold (that sth. is the case), assume; ~ and holden; ~ untreu, believe (someone's word) untrue; (d) in selected phrases: ~ as, to regard (sb.) as (a kind of person), consider (sth.) to be (part of sth. else); ~ biforen, regard (sb.) as superior to (sb. else); ~ for (as for, to), consider (sb. or sth.) as (God), regard (sb.) as (a type of person), perceive to be; also, regard (sth.) as (folly, truth, etc.); consider (sth.) to be (certain, efficacious); also in proverbs; ~ hit so that, deem it thus that (sth. is the case), be of the opinion that; ~ in gret worshipe, hold (sb.) in great esteem; (e) ~ for god, to take (what sb. says) to be for (one's own) good, consider to be for (one's) good; ~ for (as for) reule, take (sth.) as a rule, consider to be a rule; (f) ~ to-gederes, to regard (things) all together as a unit, combine for a certain purpose; taken togeder, considered or reckoned together, all told.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)335 : Tacc hemm baþe ut off þatt streon & eȝȝþerr sibb wiþþ oþerr, & eȝȝþerr streonedd i þiss lif Off kingess & off preostess.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3418 : Ure laffdiȝ..toc All þatt ȝho sahh & herrde, & all ȝhot held inn hire þohht.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Wisd.7.15 : To me forsoþe god ȝaf to seyn of sentence, & to taken befor [WB(2): bifore take; L præsumere] þe worþi thingis of þise þat ben ȝyuen to me.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)116/885 : Take þat Danyel haþ writen.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)32/6 : Ley thy blake thred vp on the marke of thy planete þt is grauen in thi label, & wher as the same blake thred keruyth the lymbe of thy plate, tak ther the verrey place..of the planete in the 9 spere.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.1128 : Hier lith a kinges doghter ded: And who that happeth hir to finde, For charite tak in his mynde, And do so that sche be begrave With this tresor.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.183 : Thise same wordes writeth Protholome; Rede in his Almageste, and take it there.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)17/4 : Take in ordre þe wordes of Crist & of þe apostle Paul.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.10.191 : Tak now thus the discrecioun of this questioun..yif alle thise thinges..weren membris to felicite, thanne weren thei dyverse that on fro that othir.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)64a/a : But if þu make anticipacion or take afore [L anticipaueris] þat þe flesh þat is noreshed aboue to constreyne þe region þat is in þe circuite of þe kutted flesh, þer shal be made eneurisma.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.23.10 : Tak than anoon-right the altitude of A from the orisonte, and forget it not.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)15.503 : Loke that ȝe taken this holy In Remembraunse, And thinketh Algate vppon this Chaunse.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2623 : Þou takyst not into þyn mende, Whanne body and sowle schul partyn on sundyr.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)669 : Þe mynstralle took in mynde, And sayde: 'Ȝe are men vnkynde.'
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)170/24 : O bretherne, takez [SC(1): Pensate] of hou gret dampnacion it be..and hou greuous it be to ete synnes and no-thynge to do aȝeyns synnes!
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)8177 : Whan thow hast nede, take yt in mynde, Legharneys ys lefft be-hynde, That thow mayst..Hyr dartys..fle.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)250 : Der broþer, takithe to mynde that wordis þat my fadir seyde to yow.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)72/20 : Take vpon þiself the occasion of thi doubtes, and grugge not at His statutes.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)325 : Tacc nu þiss streon..& let itt streonenn streon inoh..& let itt siþþenn streonenn forþ..Sannte Marȝe.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)12/6 : Take ij men þat ben of oon age & lete hem ben I-woundid wiþ a swerd, [etc.].
- ?c1400 Sloane SSecr.(Sln 213)14/28 : Take tuo names of men whilk are gyuen þem in þeir birthe: if þou wille wite of þem tuo feghtyng to-gider..wheþer sale ouercome..Counte þe name of ilkone of þem by þe lettres of þe Abc, [etc.].
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.24.1 : Tak eny sterre fix that never descendith under the orisonte in thilke regioun, and considre his heighist altitude.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)21/16 : Take two breþer or two sustres þat of oon fader & oon moder fleischly ben comen..ofte þat oon desireþ þe deeþ of þat oþer for to haue þe goodes þat his weren.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)202/2 : Take me a taylours man and women of powr degre, and loke whethir thei be nat bolde to wer suche arraye as dothe a wourshipfull knyght or a noble lady.
c
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28121 : Titter wald i lesyng make, þan man my worde vn-treu to take.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.4.74 : This thing that I schal telle the now ne schal nat seme lesse wondirful, but of the thingis that ben taken also it is necessarie.
- (1429) RParl.4.346a : That the saide parties so wronged..may have here generall actions of dette ayeinst the..Cominaltes of the..Forest and Hundredes, of the summe of money, to the wheche the value of the Corne, Marchaundises..and Catelles extende, so take that the saide Cominaltes been no Cominaltes corporat.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)145 : Al the rebuk..is ȝouun to hem whiche token and helden tho ymagis to be her Goddis.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)17/24 : We mowe ful lijkli trowe, take and holde þat a beestis soul in his substaunce is dependent and hangyng.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)230 : Very nede causyd them to saye that Cryste beggyd, by cause that men shulde take the ordyr of fryers moste parfytyste of alle orders.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)460 : Cristenmen taken..þat petre was cristis viker, & suyde hym in maner of lif.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1116 : Looke who that..moost entendeth ay To do the gentil dedes that he kan; Taak hym for the gretteste gentil man.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)87/4 : Ȝe schullen be taken for men þat despisen god.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)25034 : Of þar aelde certes þar wer nane Þase daies in curte bifor þam tane.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)458/19 : Þe confeccioun cunya..Lamfrank takeþ..for precious aboue oþere.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)159 : Worschipers of him takyn hym for..God.
- a1450(?c1350) Pride Life (ChrC-Dub)234 : Take þis for no folye.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)1430 : Takith this for trowthe.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)47/34 : God forbede that ȝe schulde saye or take it so that I am a techere.
- c1450 *Assem.Bk.1 Gild St.Geo.Norwich (Nrw-CMus) : Then he forthwith be discharged of the seid Gylde and..discharget of his libertees and fraunches of the seid Cite and vnable euer to be citezen of the seid Cite or brether of the seid Gyld, and taken and had as a forsworne man and as a man shamed and repreved.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)6/15 : Y take..ech argument or mocioun maad..bi me in eny of my writyngis..as for argument or mocioun oonli, and not as for a proof vttirli.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)62/17 : Oþire articlis..we taken as for treuþis.
- a1456 Marmaduke SSecr.(Ashm 59)214/10 : Take þis for certaine..þe people shal lightly vnderstande..by certaine signes, if þe princes have sapience.
- (1463) Let.Bk.Lond.L (Gldh LetBk L)41 : It is ordeigned that the Newark, now late edified..be hadde, repute, and takene as a parte and parcell of the saide prysone of Ludgate.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)54/77 : Þi wurdly rycches þou takyst euer more evyn ffor þi god.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)120/14 : If the foole helde his peace, he myght be take for a wyse man.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1333 : For sir Torent the fend did fall, Gret lordys honoured hym all, And for a doughty knyght hym tase.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)57/2 : At this day their remainnith a folische langage in courte seying the grette estates shult nat lerne lettur, and taketh it for a shame that the nobles shulde othir write or rede.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)87/30 : The londe of the Romaynes was consecrate with the blode of martires afore or emperours wolde receyve þe name of Cristendome, taking it to a crymynall vnstedfastnes, and a dispraysing ayeinst their blood..if thei passed the religion of their fadirs.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)90/26 : Than fell it in his mynde to make people beleve that he was a messinger sent from God, through which name he was..taken in grette wourship.
e
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2421 : And take this for a general reule, that euery conseil, [etc.].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)29177 : Als for a reule þis sal þou take, þat for spusbreking and manath..Þat [Glb: Men] sal haue scrifte of seuen yere.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.252 : Tak it for good, that I shal sey yow here.
f
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.172 : If I telle any tales, þei taken hem togyderes, And do me faste frydayes to bred and to water.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)73a/a : In þe backe þer ben xij spondiles, in þe two sides taken to gidere þer ben fourtene smalle ribbes.
24.
(a) To have or make an emotional or a mental response to someone or something, a circumstance, remark, etc.; react to something in a certain way;—used with selected adverbs: ~ agre, take something in good part; ~ agref, take umbrage, be annoyed; ~ agref of, be annoyed at (sth.); ~ hevili, be indignant, take umbrage; ~ lighte of, fail to take (sb.) seriously, take (sb.) lightly; also, with selected prep. phrases: ~ in despit (gref, grevinge), ~ to ille (pine, spite, etc.), take offense, be resentful; (b) to react to (a letter) in some manner; (c) with selected adverbs: ~ agame, to take (sth.) as a joke, take lightly; ~ agre, receive (someone's views) favorably; ~ agref (amis), take (sth., a remark) amiss, resent (sth.); ~ aworth, accept (someone's actions, the fact of having a lowly position, etc.) with good will; with that clause: take in good part (the fact that sb. does sth.); also, take (someone's words) at their proper value; take (tidings) for what they are worth; ~ godli, take (what sb. writes) in a goodly manner; ~ hevili (harde), be displeased at (a demand, an act); ~ ivel til herte, take (a remark) with ill grace; ~ sor (at stomak), to take (sth.) ill, take offense at; ~ lighte (wisli, etc.), take (sth.) lightly (wisely, etc.); ~ pensili, receive (tidings) with sorrow, be made sad by; ~ sadli, take (sth.) seriously; (d) with selected prep. phrases: ~ at (in, to) gref, to take (sth.) amiss, take umbrage at, take offense at [see also gref n. 3.(b)]; ~ at (in a, on) scorn, take (sth.) as an insult or as mockery; ~ at worth, take (someone's words) at their proper value; ~ for the best, take (sth.) for the best, accept good-naturedly, make the best of; ~ in bourde (game, pleie), take (sth.) as a jest, take lightly; ~ in despit (disdeine), be disdainful of (sth.); take (sth.) amiss; ~ in (to) displesaunce, resent (sth.), be displeased with; ~ in ernest, take (sth.) seriously; ~ in (to) reputacioun, hold (sb. or sth.) in esteem; ~ in-to (til, to) ille, ~ for (to) ivel, take (sth.) amiss; ~ on aue, regard (sth.) with fear; ~ on idel (unnit), ~ in vein, take (sth.) lightly, fail to appreciate; ~ to hevinesse, regard (sth.) with vexation, be vexed at; ~ to presumpcioun, regard (words) as presumptuous; ~ to thank, take (sth.) favorably, be gratified by; ~ to wrath, be angry at (sth.); ~ with ivel wille, take (a warning) amiss, resent; ~ with treuth, believe (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)156 : Þyn angre ous greuede sore wan þou toke of ous so lyȝt.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.191 : Taketh nat agrief of that I seye.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4619 : Nai, sir, tas noght in despite [Trin-C: not to spit], Bot first þan wil i ma me quitte O plight of putifars wijf.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)5807 : Take not in greue, Lord, pharao wol me not leue.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)8800 : If we durst say ȝou, sir kyng, þat ȝe toke not in greuyng, þe tre þat is in orcharde þin wolde bringe oure werke wel to fyn.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)735 : Bot for I haf þis talke, tatz to non ille Ȝif I mele a lyttel more þat mul am and askez.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1811 : Tas to non ille ne pine.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)88 : We ne wist nothing of þi come And if we did noght curtaysly, Takes to no velany.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.613 : She nyl nat take a-grief Theigh thow do boote anon in this meschief.
- a1450(?1420) Lydg.TG (Tan 346)1085 : Boþe ȝe and I mekeli most abide To take agre & not of oure disease To grucch agein.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)25 : I seid þat Crist was cursid; But þei toke heuely at þe worde.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)6347 : Alle-þowe they fryste toke of hym lyte, Hem þoȝte of hym was a ryghte goode syghte.
b
- a1500(1428) Let.Marg.Anjou in Camd.86 (Add 46846)41 : For as muche as me semeth hit were expedient that my lorde see this letter and redde hit, I beseche yow..that..ye wol..shewe hit til his lordeship, and..certiffie me, by your nexte letter, what he wol say thertoo, and how he taketh it.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4083 : I prey yow that ye take it nat agrief.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3781 : He seeþ his kniȝttes in meschief—He takeþ it gretliche a-greef.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)15.66 : Ich consaille alle creatures no clerk to dispise..Take we here wordes a worth, for here wittnesses ben trewe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4399 : Þouȝ Guydo writ þei han of kynde To be double, men shulde it goodly take, And þer ageyn no maner grucching make.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.229 : Me wolde muche greve..If I it tolde, and ye it toke amys.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.347 : How don this folk that seen hire loves wedded..they take it wisly, faire, and softe, Forwhi good hope halt up hire heort o-lofte.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.21.11 : Abraham took this heuyli [WB(1): hard; L Dure] for his sone.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.26 : Disciplis of Crist lettiden hem þat offreden þer children, But whanne Jesus saw þis, he tok it hevely.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)119/19 : Autoritees y haue writen to þee An c; lete þem be take a-gree.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)384 : Þerfore, fadir, þouȝ y spende not it into þi releving, þou owist take it a worþ and be not þeryn greuyd.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)371 : Ech weel avisid man..ouȝte..take riȝt weel aworth and be plesid..that the clergie..reioice her seid endewing vnmouable.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)2317 : Þat word tok he yuel til herte, He vnderstod hit al ouerþwerte.
- a1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)822 : Þey token it full light.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)277 : Therfore ye oghte have som compassioun Of my disese, and take hit not a-game.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)72/16 : This man takys it sadlye the leste worde that I myght saye.
- (1461) Paston1.165 : Be-cause Spordauns had no certeyn tydyngys we thougth ye schuld take them a worthe tyl more certayn.
- (1469) Paston1.343 : I pray ȝow and requere ȝow þat ȝe take yt not pensyly, fore I wot wele yt gothe ryth nere ȝowr hart.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)191/9 : He was mor appeased in his concience in that pour offyce and bettir toke it a wurthe [F prenoit en gre] than to haue the charge of so grete..a thyng as the gouernaunce of the empyre.
- (1480) Let.Cely (PRO S.C.1 53/62)p.98 (110/7,8) : The wyche lettere..Y vnderestond ye taked sor at yowre stomakt..; and Y had west that ye would a taked so sor, Y would nat a wreten so vnto you.
- a1500 Degrev.(Cmb Ff.1.6)483 : Madam, takes not agreue A thyng that Y you say.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.81 : Witt shulenn tredenn unnderrfot.. Þe dom off all þat laþe flocc..Þeȝȝ shulenn lætenn hæþeliȝ Off unnkerr swinnc..& all þeȝȝ shulenn takenn itt Onn unnitt & onn idell.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2824 : Þin seollþe iss all unnseȝȝenndlic Forr þatt tu toc wiþþ trowwþe Þatt word tatt Godess enngell þe..brohhte.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1847 : If that you liketh, take it for the beste.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.789 : Now herkneth for the beste, But taketh it not..in desdeyn.
- c1390 In a Chirche (Vrn)35 : I preye þe tak hit nouȝt in greue.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)780 : Whan þou sweryst..He takþ more to wraþþe þat synne Þan þou mysdedyst..with worde or dede neuer so grym.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)12530 : Foule flessh dedes þat are ouer rank More þan ouþer y take to þank.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16396 : Quen he [Pilate] sagh þat al his soigne þai tok it al to [Göt: till; Trin-C: in to] ill.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)4619 : Take hit noȝt in despite for first wille I make ne quite of þe chalaunge of Putiphar wife.
- a1400 Wycl.MPl.(Add 24202)43 : An erthely servaunt dar not taken in pley and in bourde that that her erthely lord takith in ernest.
- c1400 PPl.B (Trin-C B.15.17)12.123 : I conseille alle creatures no clergie to dispise..Take we hir wordes at worþ, for hir witnesse be trewe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2312 : Beseching firste..what I seye, to take it for þe beste In ȝour entent.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6683 : Þis þing þei toke at gref.
- (1420) *Doc.in Facs.Nat.MSS 140 : I beseche ȝowre hynesse to take not to displesaunsse my nowhte comyng.
- (c1422) Hoccl.Dial.(Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)370 : Take nat my speeche in displesance.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1324 : But finaly, he took al for the beste That she hym wroot.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.606 : I kan nat leve That she wolde it as now for yvel take.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.135 : Taketh naught my frendshipe in despit.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2306 : But if thou canst mirthis make That men in gre wole gladly take, Do it goodly.
- (1440) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)244 : Divers oure writinges & messages..hath be take to no reputacioun nor no fruyt ensuyd þerof.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)68 : If I wende and say hyr sa, In a skorne [Clg: on skorn] scho will it ta And lightly late me passe.
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1341 : I pray the tak it to na greue.
- a1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)3103 : All þat he seide, þei toke it in vayn.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)48.38 : Tho that At thike table were these wardis to presomcioun token there.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2)686 : Þou moste penaunce ȝen..Oþer weyes þen wole þe lawe leste they token hyt to harde on awe.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)26/19 : Take it not to yuel þat I do for þi good.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)822 : Take yt in ernest or in game.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)16517 : Sho toke yt gretly vnto grefe þat swylke men on þat errand wentt.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)565/5 : That stronge knyght toke his wordis at scorne and seyde he seyde hit for mockery.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.30 : I pray ȝo take hit noȝte on greue.
- c1475 Why Nun (Vsp D.9)216 : Hyt was a howse of nunes..But not welle gouernede..There was a lady that hyȝ dame pride; In grete reputacion they her toke.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)172/6 : He toke not to hevynesse the damagis that hym befell, but..ham rescewyth lyghtly.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)103 : I praye yow take in gre That I shall in your presence declare.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6946 : If þi neighebore haue a wyf Þat be wikkid and of yuel lyf..Warne him so priuely and stille Þat he take it wiþ none yuel wille.
25.
To pay (heed, attention), take (notice, note);—in selected phrases: (a) ~ entente, to pay attention [see also entente n. 6.(a)]; ~ gome, take notice [see also gome n.(4) 1.(a)]; ~ hed, take heed, take note, notice [see also hed n.(2) 1.(a)]; ~ his marke, take his measure, take note of him; ~ kep, pay attention, take note [see also kep n. 1.(a)]; ~ markes, ?be vigilant; ~ reward, take heed, pay attention [see also reward n. 3.(d)]; ~ tente (yeme), take note, pay attention; (b) followed by selected prepositions: ~ attendaunce (attente, taste, tene) to, ~ consideracioun of (unto), ~ charge (garde, gete, marke, remembraunce, yeme) of, ~ respecte unto, ~ tente on (til, to, unto), to take notice of (sb. or sth.), pay attention to, observe; ~ cure of, take note of (sb. or sth.), pay attention to [see also cure n.(1) 1.(a)]; ~ entente to, pay attention to (sb. or sth.) [see also entente n. 6.(a)]; ~ gome of, take notice of (sb. or sth.) [see also gome n.(4) 1.(b)]; ~ hed at (of, on, til, to, unto, upon), pay heed to (sb. or sth.), take note of [see also hed n.(2) 1.(a)]; ~ kep of (to), take notice of (sb. or sth.), pay attention to [see also kep n. 1.(c)]; ~ reward at (of, to), take notice of (sb. or sth.), pay attention to [see also reward n. 3.(d)]; (c) followed by hou, if, that, what, etc. clause: ~ entente (gome, hed, kep, tente) hou, to take note how (sb. does sth.); ~ hed if, take heed if (sb. does sth., sth. is the case), notice if; ~ hed (kep, tene) that, take note that (sb. does sth., sth. is the case, etc.); ~ hed whan, note when (sb. does sth.); ~ hed (kep, remembraunce, tente) what, take note what (sb. does, sth. is, etc.); ~ hed (kep) whether, take note whether (sb. does sth., sth. is the case); ~ marke who, take note who (is in a certain place); also, followed by clause introduced by interrog.adj.: ~ consideraunce what man, pay attention to what man (does sth.); ~ entente what sondes, note what messengers (are sent); ~ yeme what thinges, take note what things (are promised); also, followed by prep. and obj.clause: ~ hed abouten what (ayenes whom, of that, etc.), ~ kep in what time (in which place), ~ yeme with hou gret smel; (d) in proverbs.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)725 : Her me may somdel yseo; who-so toke gome, Whuche acountes we shulleþ ȝiue at þe day of dome.
- a1350 Most i ryden (Hrl 2253)42 : Hire teht aren white ase bon of whal..ase hende mowe taken hede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2258 : Ȝif ȝe tentifly take kepe..I wol winne our warisun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14198 : Bot þat i sai, ta yee god kepe; Lazar vr freind es laid on-slepe.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)7937 : 'Son,' he seid, 'take good gome, ȝyuen þou hast þin owne dome.'
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.12 : Þis was þe tixte trewly, I toke ful gode ȝeme [C: gome; vr. kepe].
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)41 : Lordinges, takes entent, And sese whi I efter ȝow sent.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)23405 : Þe britons tokepe and bihelde How kyng arthur his fas doune felde.
- a1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)904 : This toun with all þe Jewes kynde..shalle falle..Take þei never so wel her merkes.
- a1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)1904 : He forȝat hym never a dell..he toke his merk full well.
- a1450(c1400) Wor.Serm.(Wor F.10)33/370 : I pray ȝe takis good hede, vor it is a perlus texst.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1213 : Whanne þe messe-belle goth, Lye stylle, man, and take non hede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1079 : Thamar tuke gud kepe.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)335/16 : His olde wounde braste ayen on-bledynge But he was hote and corragyous and toke no kepe.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)1000 : The wasshyng mad out-ward Ys but tookene, who taketh Reward, Off al clennesse forth with-Inne.
- c1475 Lydg.Say.Nightingale (Hrl 2251)41 : Or that I toke kepe, I fille anon in-to a dedly sleepe.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)146/185 : A meruell it is, good tent who tase.
- c1500 ME Verse in Anglia 92p.64 : What haue I doo for the, howe mych and whi, take hede and see.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)16988 : Nicodem..Himm haffde takenn mikell gom Off Cristess miccle tacness.
- a1275 Serm.St.Nich.(Trin-C B.14.39)65/86 : Þer þe riche sit in is sete, of god ne taket he none gete, of god me þenket he no ping [read: þing] þer.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1146 : Þer-of heo ne token none gome.
- a1350 Lytel wotyt (Hrl 2253)27 : Vpon þe rode why nulle we taken hede?
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)175/22 : God ne takþ none hede of zuiche tales.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2165 : Þe beres to me tok no hede.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3499 : Of Richardis skyles þay toke reward, & alle þanne assentede..þat Richard scholde wende.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.435 : Ne takestow noon hede Of my power?
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.31.2 : He toke hede to [L animadvertit] þe face of laban þat it was not towards hym.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.31.4 : He comaundide to þe puple of þe dwelleres in ierusalem..þat þei mown taken tente [L possent vacare] to þe lawe of þe lord.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Zech.1.4 : Thei herden not, nether token entente [WB(2): tent] to me.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.303 : Of studie took he moost cure and moost heede.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2449 : Men take moore reward [vr. hede] to the nombre than to the sapience of persones.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1060 : To take remembrance Of that Ypocrasie hath wroght On other half, men scholde noght To lihtly lieve al that thei hiere.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.138 : Thanne sholde men take of chastitee no cure.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)292a/b : If þe wolf is y-stened, he takeþ heede of [L considerabit] him þat þroweþ þe firste stoon.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.4 : On him [Christ] mai I best found mi werke, And of his dedes tac mi merke.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4260 : Of matynes ryche men take no kepe, Ȝyf þey mowe ryse at tyme of messe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1740 : Þat man..tok til ald mans words tent.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.265 : Diues deyed dampned..Vch a riche, I rede, rewarde at hym take, And gyueth ȝowre good to þat god þat grace of ariseth.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)387 : Ȝe take þeron ful lyttel tente.
- c1400 I herd an harping (BodDon c.13)18 : On lettres you take hede.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)890 : To say þe salmes fast sho bigan, And toke no tent unto no man.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)22/3 : In al maner..sal þabbesse ta yeme of þa þat mis-dose.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)2456 : For þai saw gret word of it went, And men þare-to toke mykell entent.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)428 : Needis he schal bi leeue þe conclusiouns..to be trewe..if he receyue..þe ful fourmyng of þo argumentis, if he take sufficient attendaunce to þe processis of hem.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)9271 : God..in euery thyng more attendaunce Takyth to þe entent þan to þe deed.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1640 : Whoso kepyt hym chast and wyl not synne..Al hys joye is to begynne, Þerfore to me take taste.
- a1450 The grete god (Gar 143)47 : Good word may gete heuen blisse..tak a-tent to þis.
- a1450 3 KCol.(1) (Roy 18.A.10)65/12 : Þei..toke gret consideracioun of þes scheperdes wordys.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2957 : Charles entred..With xv knightis..Of hym his oste toke no garde.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)15500 : Take gud reward to my reson.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)15664 : He wold take hed vnto his hand.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)18/6 : Alipius..be-cause of his study took non hed at þe boy, neythir whan he came ne whan he went.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)312 : Till his askyng þe kyng toke hede.
- (1472) Grant Arms in Antiq.49289 : I..takyng respecte and consideracion unto the goodly entent..of the saide Crafte..have devysed for them & theire successours thise Armes.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)59b/b : In the firste visitacioun of a newe wounde þou must take good kepe to þe signys of þe zodiak bifore rehersid.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.64 : He takyȝt more heid to mannys herte þan to his ȝyfte.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)660 : He toke good hede att hym in euery thing.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)288 : But of theire sclandre & wordes of owtrage we take their-of truly litille charge.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)53/124 : I haue spred abrode my handys vpon þe crosse and no man taked hede vpon my payn.
- a1500 Hrl.2378 Recipes (Hrl 2378)76/3 : A leche xal take kep of þe mone, wanne he is atte þe full.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)7555 : Nowe cometh he nat..For he ne taketh of it no cure.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1934 : Þou hardly no hede of þi hele toke.
- 1592 Chester Pl.(Add 10305)2.154 : Take teene to me ichone.
c
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2719 : Hou children biuore þe ȝate pleyde, hii toke gome.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.489 : Takeþ hede [Higd.(2): attende; L Attendite] aȝenst whom and what manere men ȝe moste fiȝte.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)85/383 : Whan any man stant byfore hym in dom, he most take hede tofore what Juge he shal stonde hymself to take his dom aftir his dedis.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.624 : Taak kepe now that he that repreueth his neighebore, outher he repreueth hym by som harm of peyne that he hath on his body, as 'mesel'..or by som synne that he dooth.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.2988 : For if men takyn remembrance What is to live in unite, Ther ys no staat in his degree That noughte to desire pes.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)458 : He hede toke to þat þe kynge þoght.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5498 : Ta yee na tent [Göt: takis entent] How þe folk of israel Es bred amang us now sua fell.
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)43 : Take gode entent How petyr and iohne from hym he sent.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)10384 : How he þaim delt, ta [Trin-C: take] now gode kepe.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)12.156 : I toke ful gode hede How þow contraryedest clergye with crabbed wordes.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.103 : Outlawes in þe wode and vnder bonke lotyeth, And may vch man se and gode merke take Who is bihynde and who bifore, and who ben on hors.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210:Everett)27/13 : Ȝif we toke ȝeme what þynges ben bihote vs in heuene, alle þynges in erþe schulden seme foule to vs.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)136/18 : We take ȝeme wiþ hou gret smel Holi Chirche is spreint in þe turninge of a sinful man þat openliche and parfiȝtliche doþ his penaunce.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)12/6 : But me mot take hede al aboute what longeþ to þe cause þat schal be demed.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1007 : I consaille..To taken hede vn-to þat I seye.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3820 : Al þe folk toke ful gode hede, How þat beste his bales to bete Likked his maister both hend and fete.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.6.28 : Syn that thow ne doutest noght that this world be governed by God, with whiche governayles takestow heed that it is governed?
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.1 : Consideraunce is taken at prudence, What man me must enfourme, and husbondrie No rethorik do teche.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.52 : Take heede ek if the dwellers in that leir Her wombis, sidis, reynys, swelle ar ake.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10044 : Take tent what I tell þe!
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)664 : Þat I say to þe, take hede.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)153/23 : Sone, y wolde þat þow tokist good hede to what y haue tauȝte bifore.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.52.35a : Þanne schalt þou drawe in to þi selff þi þouȝt..þat þou take no kepe wat þou herest.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)59b/a : Here þou muste take good kepe wheþir þe pacient be hurt in ony of þe twelue signys of þe zodiak.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)48/17 : He sholde take good heede of that he heryth theim speke in the counseill.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.177 : Þu must takyn hede wheþer a man is ordryd or chosyn be his owyn preyere or be oþir mennys.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)130/34 : Take kepe in whate tyme hath yeftis most nede or defaute.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)166/6 : Take tenderly intent what sondys ar sent, Els harmes shall ye hent.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)22a/6 : When woundys be made in þe hede with brekyng of skull, take hede [L considera] if þe brekyng of þe skule be percyde and passith inward.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)88/2 : Alle gates þat þe Abbesse..take kepe ententifeliche in whoche place, whan, & howe sche schal gif licence to sustris for to speke.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)124/720 : You may take good teene that unbeleeffe is a fowle sinne.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.34.2 : As he þat caccheþ shadewe & pursueþ wind, so & he þat takeþ heede to þe seen lesyngis.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.1672 : Bot he nomore than the wal Tok hiede of eny thing he herde.
- (?1406) Hoccl.MR (Hnt HM 111)73 : Ful seelde is seen þt yowthe takith heede Of perils þt been likly for to fall.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)46/1013 : For at a fole ȝe ma[y] lere ȝif ȝe wil take hede.
- a1450 Bot witt pas (Add 37049)85 : Who so in welht takes no hede Sal fynde dafawte in tyme of nede.
- c1475 Prov.Wisd.(RwlPoet 32)159 : Who of plente wyll take no hede, Shal fynd defawte yn tyme of nede.
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)249 : He must tak hed þat with euyll delithe they wer dampnyd to dethe.
26.
(a) To have a capacity; ~ with, contain (a number of measures);—used fig.; ppl. takinge, capacious; (b) to contain (sth., a measure, etc.), hold; also fig.; of a nerve or tendon: surround (a joint).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15092 : Þær tokenn þeȝȝ wiþþ þrinne mett I þeȝȝre witeȝhunnge.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)42b/a : Þe..braine panne is..Of alle figures..vnneþes passibil, & also þe moste and moste takinge [*Ch.(1): of most capacite; Ch.(2): moste able to take; L capacissima]..of alle þat haue euen quantite.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)125a : Takyng: Capax, Capatulus.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14035 : Twafald oþerr þrefald mett Þa fetless alle tokenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15084 : Þa fetless..sholldenn tacnenn uss..þatt illc an time Off haliȝ witeȝhunnge wass All filledd þurrh profetess..& tokenn þærwiþþ twinne mett I þeȝȝre witeȝhunnge.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Kings 8.27 : If forsoþe heuene & heuenys of heuenes þee mown not taken [L capere], myche more þis hous þat I haue bilded to þee?
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 21.25 : I deme neither the world him silf to mowe take tho bookis, that ben to be writun.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)39a/a : In þe comynge to þe iuncture of þe schulder þer is casten a corde, & spredde o brode, and comprehendeþ oþer takeþ alle þe ioynte, & is sette in þe bone of þe schulder and meueþ him.
27.
(a) To include (sth.); also, include (a country) with others in a discussion, throw in [1st quot.]; (b) to encompass (human speech).
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1232 : To Colde wer alle Calde, and kythes of Ynde—Ȝet take Torkye hem wyth, her tene hade ben little.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)67a/b : Þe neþer parties off þe wombe ben vnderstonden her bi þe haunches as takinge þo parties to þe þies and to a mannes members of þe whiche þer ben þre parties.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)28/13 : In þat louynge myche moore is take and comprehendid of my soþfastnes.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)117/24 : Some qualitees that ben appropred to man principally ben attribute to God by transsumpcion, amonge which I take ire and furour.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prol.Kings (Bod 959)29 : What maner wise, þerfore, two & twenti elementis ben bi þe whiche wee wriityn Ebruely al þat wee spekyn & mannys voice wiþ þe bigynnyngys of hem is takyn [L conprehenditur], so two & twenty volumes ben noumbrid.
28.
To require (a period of time), require (effort or time for building).
Associated quotations
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13814 : To tell of all þer toyle..wold take to long tym or all ware told.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)230/75 : 'Sir, I hard hym say he cowthe dystroew oure tempyll..and sithen beld a new on the thrid day'..'how myght that be trew? it toke more aray.'
29.
(a) To take down (an account from sb. of his days of service), make record of; (b) ?to review (reeve rolls), examine.
Associated quotations
a
- (1418) Proc.Privy C.2.240 : We wol that ye see that theer be taaken dewe accomptes of the said John how many dayes he haath stande in oure said ambassiat and service.
b
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)22.465 : With spiritus intellectus thei toke þe reeue-rolles, And with spiritus fortitudinis, fecche hit, wol he, nul he.
30a.
(a) To remove something;—in partitive construction with of phrase: ~ of, pluck some of (the fruit from a tree), remove some of (the leaves from a tree); (b) to remove (sb. or sth.) physically (from sb. or sth., from a place), take away, carry off; pull (sb. or sth. out of sth.); pick (a fruit from a tree); also, pick (an apple) from a tree; extract (juice) from a fruit; of Fortune: take (a person's riches from him); ~ bord, take down and remove a table; (c) with selected adverbs: ~ awei, to take (sth.) away, remove; carry off (sb. or sth.);—also without obj. [quot. a1475 Bk.Courtesy, 1st]; ~ awei wodes, tear up (sacred groves), do away with; ~ doun, take (a pot of sth.) down (from a fire over which it is boiling); ~ of, take (sth.) off (from sth.), remove; strip (bark); ~ oute, take (sth.) out (from sth.), remove; ~ up, take (sth.) up (from a fire); pull up (a plant), uproot; also, tear up (sown seed);—used fig.; ~ up bord, take down and remove a table; (d) ppl. takinge as noun pl.: those who remove (sth.); also, with adv.: takinge to, those who take away (sth.) [transl. of L assumentes]; (e) to slay, kill [quot. ?1387]; carry off (a soul) after death; carry off (sb., a soul) after death (from earth to heaven or hell); also, waft away (a living person from earth to heaven); take (the soul from the body), remove; ben taken awei from us (oute o this lif, etc.), of a person: die; in oath: the devel him take; (f) with adv.: ~ of, to remove (a piece of clothing, armor, etc.) from oneself or someone else's body, take off; also, take off (a falcon's hood, horse's bridle); (g) to cut off (a head, part of the body, etc.), slash off (a limb, flesh); also fig.; also, cut off or out (part of a tree), prune; also, with adverbs: ~ awei (of); (h) to take away (a faculty, the use of a sensory organ, etc.), deprive (sb. of sth.); steal (secrets from sb.); also fig. & in fig. contexts; ~ lif (soule), take (someone's) life, kill (sb.); ~ maidenhede, take (someone's) virginity; ~ word of mouth, take the words from (God's) mouth; also, with adv.: ~ awei, take away (comfort, courage, faith, etc.); relieve (thirst); deprive (sb. of sleep, rest, etc.); take away (sin, the filth of sin, etc.); of Fortune: take away (prosperity); of God: withdraw (his spirit from sb.); (i) to deliver (sb., a soul), release, free; deliver (sb. from prison, a state of servitude, a verbal attack, etc.), free (sb., a soul from hell); also fig. & in fig. contexts; deliver (sb. from the devil's power, the pit of sin, etc.); relieve (sb. of pain); ~ oute; ~ awei, deliver someone from danger; (j) to take away (someone's lordship from him), deprive (sb. of rank); also, transfer (a cleric from one office to another); ~ awei, withdraw (the possession of or privilege of using a chamber); (k) ~ in from, fig. ?to withdraw (the soul) from (earthly or fleshly affections); (l) in proverbs; ~ awei.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.3.6 : Þe womman seeȝ þat þe tree were good..sche toke of [L tulit de] þe fruyt of it, & ete.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.329 : Eue..took of the fruyt of the tree and eet it.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)45/34 : Adam..fledde, tremblyng and pleynyng, vndire a figge tre, and toke of the leuys and hydde his pryvee membris.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4820 : Drihhtin ȝaff me þiss..Drihhtin takeþþ itt fra me.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19600 : He takenn haffde Hiss aȝhenn broþerr wif himm fra.
- a1300 A Mayde Cristes (Jes-O 29)64 : Yf mon is riche of worldes weole..al deþ hit wile from him take.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)227 : Ut of his side he toc a rib, And made a wimman him ful sib.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)210 : Rede þou ȝeld op þi brond, & taket out of þin hond.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 6.3 : Þei puttyn þe arke of god vp on a newe wayn, & þei tooken [L tuleruntque] it fro þe hous of Amynadab.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)32.290/105 : Of Bedde he was tan, And Duppet eft in fflum Jordan.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1374 : Þis pepins three..I toke o þat appel tre.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4185 : Tac we him out of yon den, And sel we him to yon chapmen.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5646 : Was moyses his nam, For he was o þe water tan.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)21.307 : He..seide..That adam and eue..Sholden deye..Yf þei touchede a treo oþer toke þer-of an appel.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)29/7 : Fortune hath fro me taken þe riches þat I hadde.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)102/1282 : When þey haden ete and bord was tan, Þeo maydenes daunceden euerilkan.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)554 : Cordvil..toke out of hyr hurd Gold and syluyr.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)193b/a : Acacia is þus maad: Sloon beþ gederid er þan þei be ripe and þe iuys is taken & dryed aȝenus þe sunne.
- c1425 Siege Jerus.(1) (Hnt HM 128)963 : Than boordes were take [Ld: Bordes born wer doun & þe burne riseþ].
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)50/23 : I wolde I had ben slayn whan I was takyn fro þe funtston, þat I xuld neuyr a dysplesyd þe.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)1399 : He took þe blak cole Of synne fro hem & made hem all hole.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)3 : Take first the beem out of thine owne iȝe, and thanne thou schalt se forto take the mote out of thin neiȝboris iȝe.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)45/28 : Adam..come to the tre and toke an apple and bote it and felt by the sauoure that he was deceyued.
- a1475 A babe is born our (Brog 2.1)19 : To see my chyld þat sovkys my pappe, So rwthfully takyn ovt of my lape, Hyt wer to me gret heyuenys.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)98 : Who taketh this swerde out of this ston sholde be kynge.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)46 : The bedyl..toke a lytel clothe oute of hys sleue and leyde yt vnder hys feete.
- c1500 Castle Love(3) (Ashm 61)87 : Of hys lefte syde he toke a rybe-bone; Therof he made Eue anone.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.19.3 : Þou tooke [WB(2): didist] awei [L abstuleris] þe mawmete wodis fro þe lond of Juda.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Wisd.5.15 : Þe hope of þe vnpitouse is as..þistildoun þat of þe wynd is taken awey.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.33.23 : Þanne shul ben deuydid spoilis of manye preyes; halte men shul taken awei [L diripient] raueyn.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Bar.6.32 : Prestis taken awei the clothingus of hem, and clothen her wijues and her sones.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pri.(Manly-Rickert)B.1870 : They..toke awey this martir from his beere.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.400 : Whan the bord was taken uppe, He hath hire into chambre nome.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1232 : Fro the fyr he took vp his matere, And in thyngot putte it with myrie cheere.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14318 : He bad..Of þe tumb tak of þe lidd.
- c1400 To God (Wel 406)162 : Whan iiij wykyn is alle ouergone, Þow take vp þe plantyn eueri one.
- a1425(a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)110.59/3 : Do þerto thidde part of chiryse, þe stones take oute, and grynde hem smale.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)87b/b : In what wounde..a medicyne be leide inne forto staunche þe blode, þat medicyne schal neuer be tane aweie violentlye, but it schal be tane aweie liȝtlye.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)96a/b : Ne þu schalt done aweie no bones but þo bones þat ben disseuerde þat mowe be tane oute liȝtlye wiþ outen enye ake.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)109b/a : Ȝif þer be enye spume þerapon, tak it of clene wiþ a clene feþer.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)65/14 : Thei..distried her owne vyneȝerd..And not oonly þat þei plauntid not ony good plaunt in her vyneȝeerd, but raþir þei tooken up þerefro þe seed of grace.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)448 : Tart for Lenton..figges and raisinges..wassh hom in wyne and grinde hom..appuls and peres clene pared, and the corke tane out.
- (1440) Doc.Kent in Bull.IHR 36 (PRO KB 27/715 m.19)p.87 : Then I toke awey alle the erthe about þe potte.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)1165 : Þay tuk þam owte þan full rathe, The mantill and þe gyrdill bathe.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)61/4 : Ther is eche ark with the relikis Titus tok awey..aftir distroccioun of the cete of Ierusalem.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)820 : Þo narow towelle he strecches vnkende..Whenne þay haue wasshen and grace is sayde, Away he takes at a brayde.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)822 : He..Awoydes þo borde in-to þo flore, Tase away þo trestis þat ben so store.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)210/1830 : The speris hede sat in his side..But þo it was take out, full right Sir aiax died.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)36a/a : The lungis weren ordeyned in mannys body..for it [lungs] schulde taken aweye fro þe herte þe fumous superfluytees, puttynge hem out wiþ breþinge.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)122b/b : Late it seþe togidere til yt be þicke, þanne take it doun.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)160a/a : A sirurgian muste..worche wiþ irens bi manuel operacioun for to take out þe broken bonys.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)171/3 : Take it off and lete it kele.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)15/20,21 : On twelfth day alle the barons cam thyder and to assay to take the swerd..but..afore hem alle ther myghte none take it out but Arthur.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)98/331b : Cortico: to takyn of barke.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)41/26 : Howgh many men of honest living haue suffird shamefull dethe and moche good truely goten haue ben wickedly ravischid and take awaye.
d
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Hos.5.10 : The princis of Juda ben maad as takynge to the termes [WB(2): takynge terme; L adsumentes terminum] on hem.
e
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)8601 : Þreo hunndredd winnterr wass he ald & fife & sextiȝ..Þatt ȝer þatt he wass takenn ut Þurrh Drihhtin Godd fra manne.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)446 : Þe deuel of helle him sone take!
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)500 : For alied god self him [Enoch] toch Fro mannes mene in-to ðat stede Ðat adam forles for iuel-dede.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1318 : God wile ðe taken of werlde nigt.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)99/596 : Þer shullen be tweye domes..To þe first men schulleþ be clepid wiþ þre somoners..sekenesse..elde, and..deþ; Þe firste warneþ, þe secunde þreteneþ, and þe þridde takiþ.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5934 : He þat toke Ennok and Ely..toke Pers..To reste with-outyn ende.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1405 : Þou tak mi saul out of þe flexs, And do it ware þi wils es.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4030 : Nine score yeir he had houergan Oute o þis lijf wen he was tan.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17184 : Iesu..þou send us grace..sua ur sinnes for to sake þat us to ioi wit þe þou take.
- (1424-5) EEWills57/1 : When Almyghty god list to take me oute of þis wreched world to his mercy, þan shall he be left faderles and moderles.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)47 : Thai suld haue leued ioyfully..Til thai had ben tan til heuen to fille that fair place.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)31/6 : What schuld I don mor for þe les þan I toke þi sowle owt of þi body & put it in Heuyn?
- a1450(?c1350) Pride Life (ChrC-Dub)96 : Þe bodyis pride is dere aboȝt, Þe soule þe fendis takith.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)164/6 : Ful hooli men for liȝt defautis han be taken bodili to þe wikkid spiritis.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)32/38 : We preien hym þat his rewme come to vs, þat is, þat he..schorte oure dayes & take vs fro þis careful lijf.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1868 : Þis holy mayden..Shalle hastely ben take a-way from vs.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)70/31 : The saule..in the bodye..es euer atte the poynte to be taken.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)116/257 : Sodenly my good angelle..toke my saule fro my body and brought hym first into þe foreseyd valey.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1087 : Auctours..Besoghte gode..That he vnpeyned wold fro þis world take Ther sowlis whom he tagthe bokis herof to make.
f
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5704 : Pers..toke hys kyrtyl of..And ded hyt on þe man aboue.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9070 : Tas of..mi kinges croun.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)8116 : Wid þis þe king tok of his gloue.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2701 : Sir Priamous..His helme and his hawberke þay taken of aftyre.
- ?a1450 Poem Hawking (Yale 163)310 : When þat þu art sette nere thy game, Take of here hode then easely.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)536/6 : He toke of hys harnys, and sate romynge..as a man oute of hys mynde.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)103/341a : Effreno: take of brydell.
g
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4816 : Wom euer þat he hitt Þe heued to þe chinne he slitt, Oþer þe scholder..Fro þe bodi was bireued, Oþer legge oþer fest Oþer what he miȝt take best.
- (?c1375-a1390) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3641 : Oure flessh thow yaf vs, taak oure flessh vs fro, And ete ynow.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2472 : He ne smot his hed of thanne, Wherof he tok awey the Panne.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)35b/a : A blynde man, ȝif he hewe a tree, erreþ ofte tymes, takynge eiþer more oþer lesse þen he schulde.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.1157 : Shewe forth also the cambur knyuys lite, In plauntis yonge a braunche away to takke.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.634 : Choppe of that amydward in the tre; And premature yf that the list enlonge Their grossis, whenne as grete as benys be, So tacke hem of [L decute].
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)299 : Syr Eglamour hase done to dede A grete herte, and tane þe heuede.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)79 : I tighte owte my trenchore, and toke of the scholdirs.
- c1450 Yale 163 Cook.Recipes (Yale 163)183.105/4 : Pyke the fisch out of the shill with a prikke, & take of the hatte fro the hedde.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)911 : Yef þou berest me doun, Tak my heed.
- a1500 GRom.(Glo 42)757/4,6 : The forster is dethe..This hogge is euery synfull man..almyȝty gode..byddes þe forster..That he cut of his tayle..Or ellys..He takes fro þe þi lefte ere That is to say þi broþer or þi syster..And yf þou wylte not a-mende He takes fro þe þi Ryȝte ere.
h
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1852 : Sichem tok hire maiden-hed.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2954 : Þe geaunt is my þralle, His liif þei y wil to.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.7.28 : Feiþ pershede, & is taken awei [L ablata] fro þe mouþ of hem.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 11.52 : Ȝe han take awey the keye of kunnynge.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)25831 : Hjis lijf þan sal be fra him tane.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.50.13 : Take thou not awei fro me thin hooli spirit.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)31/18 : Contemplatiue liif..is bigonne in þis liif, & schal last wiþ-outen eende, for whi þat partie þat Mary chees schal neuer be taken awey.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)29546 : Cursing partes þe sawl..Fro him þat wroght it..It takes his cristendom him fra.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.4.174 : Deth may take awey blisfulnesse.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)153a/b : Ranclynge in a wounde..takeþ awey a mannus slepe and his reste and oþer sucche.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)141/7 : Whanne a soule riseþ fro her inperfeccioun, I wiþdrawe me..takynge away þe cumfort þat sche hadde.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)208/23 : Þe weilyng of inpacience..turmenteþ..and pryueth hym of al deliit, and taketh awey al hope.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.15 : God..ȝyue to þi seruauntis..pees..so þat..drede of oure enemyes be takun from vs.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)30/31 : A geaunt..had but oon yȝe in the myddes of his forhede..Vlixes..stale it and toke it from him, that is to seye, he put it oute.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)91/14 : Fortune..promissith to many prosperite..to some sche ȝivith it and in litil space takiþ it away, whan it pleasith hir.
- ?a1450 Sel.Rosarium Theol.(Cai 354/581)55/12 : No man takeþ or doþe away þe synnes of þe worlde.
- ?c1450 Trivet Constance (Harv Eng.938)236 : A full meruelous drynke..so toke frome hym hys wyttes and hys mynde that he slept lyke a dede man.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)13/437 : In herte sche hath ryth glad chere..here care awey is tan.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)110/15 : This errour..toke awey clerly the strengthe and the courage of his knyghtis.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)7/157 : Now is al þe fylthe of synne taken awey fro my soule.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)235/29 : O þou teer, þat art mekely lette yn oryson..þou gos..vp to Goddys trone..and takes þe worde of þe iuges mowth, makyng hym forto turne his dome ynto saluacyon.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)117/272 : Þe syght of my saule gostly was rapt and taken fro hit.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)909 : Other secretis many mo..synful people toke me fro.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)133 : The knyghtis..likyng their harneys, now tastyng oile, hard in any maner as thei cowde to take awey or to differre the thurst.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)119 : Ho ys God saue only thou, whych takest a-wey the felonyes and þe trespassynge of synnes.
- a1500 Sire emperoure (Ashm 750)7 : By þe berd I schall hym schake, That ys skulle schalle al tocrake, And hys sawle from hym tak, And rost hym ouer a glede.
- c1500(1446) Morstede Surgery (Hrl 1736)116 : Wounddes..in the erys..ar perlyous for cause of the brayne mayd [read: may] be noyde with the same hurte, and also the throw [read: throw the] hurtynge and woundynge of the erys may be takykyne [read: takyne] away herynge.
- c1500(1446) Morstede Surgery (Hrl 1736)117 : The pacyentes wyttes schall be takyne from hym.
i
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.209 : Hiss hallȝhe sawle stah Fra rode dun till helle, To takenn ut off helle wa Þa gode sawless alle.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.17.44 : Þou shalt take me out fro þe aȝenseyyngis of þe puple.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.68.15 : Tac me out [WB(2): Delyuer thou me; L erue me] fro clei, þat I be not inficchid.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.70.11 : Pursueþ & takeþ hym, for þer is not þat take awei [WB(2): schal delyuere; L eripiat].
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)16442 : Barabas was take out [Vsp: laisd] of prisoun.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)24547 : Anglais es þar name..to angels þai er lik..Fra þe deuels regne þai sal be tak.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)84/23 : Whanne ȝe weren seruauntis of þe feend, my sone took ȝou out of þat seruage.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)4 : Oure lord to helle wente, and took owt Adam.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)70/16 : Sudanly thowe schalle be takene fra alle thy payne.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)7/161 : Y haue forsake al þynge..to folowe my lorde, ihesu cryst, þat hath take & delyuered me fro þe pytt of synne & of wrechydnes, & fro þe power of þe deuyl.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)1 : Oure lorde hadde ben in helle and had take oute Adam and Eve.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)110/299 : He is comen to take and rawnson you all.
j
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)12.61 : Ho that Aȝens his Comandementis were..His lordschepe from him wil he take.
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)393 : Oure bischopis..dempten þat who so euer take mynystres of þe chirche fro spiritualle office to seculere, þat þer be noone offrynge done for hym.
- (c1468) Paston2.355 : The relygyoux of Seynt Benetts..toke away a chambre the elder Abbot had put me yn posessyon for my solace.
k
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.8.5a : A mannys soule first is refourmed bi fullhede of vertues to þe ymage of ihesu, and aftier, whanne he is visited, is taken in fro alle erþly and flescly affeccions, fro vayne þouȝhtes..of alle bodili creatures..and..y rauisched out of þe bodili wittes.
l
- ?a1300(c1250) Prov.Hend.(Dgb 86)st.28 : Of ounbiserewe huide me takeþ brod þwong.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 1.21 : Þe lord ȝaf, þe lord tooc awei.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.387 : Take awei þes brondis ȝif þou wole quenche þe fier.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)211/15 : Þus God He ȝeues and takys away.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)14375 : God gyf[es] vs here certayn to weld both wyld and tame And takes yt agayn.
- (1454) Paston2.90 : Oon Lord aboue giffeth and takith as hym plesith.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 2250)10670 : Ryȝt as fir slekket is quen þe brondes ben tan Away.
30b.
(a) With adv.: ~ awei, to detract (from sb.); (b) to omit (an ingredient) from a recipe, leave out; also, prohibit (the use of wine), omit (wine from someone's diet); (c) ~ from, to take (sb.) from (work), stop (sb.) from doing (work); ~ oute, exclude (sb. or sth.) from something, except; (d) to excerpt (psalms from the psalter for devotional use); extract (a document from a collection of documents); (e) to take away (days from one month and assign them to another); arith. subtract (a number from another number); (f) with adverbs: ~ awei, to dispel (an odor); block or obscure (light); ~ up, of the sun: evaporate (dew); (g) med. & surg. to halt (the progress of putrefaction or infection); ~ awei, remove (diseased tissue, unwanted hair, etc.), cause (a canker) to disappear; ~ oute, take out (the core of a corn); (h) ~ up, to make a deduction from a sum (for one's costs) [1st quot., 2nd occurrence]; also, deduct (costs, expenses).
Associated quotations
a
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)146/5 : Ther can no man take awey from him that is vertuous.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)108a/a : Auicen commaunded..þat wyne be take away, & fleshes be wiþdrawen, & most in þe hote gutte.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)117/24 : Sethe hem [linseed, camomile, and milk] to-gedir..leye it on a lynen cloth, and ley it to þe place of þe gowte..and ȝif it be an hoot gowte, take awey þe lynseed.
c
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)20/552 : He ȝaf ham power to don hyt, And forþ power to ȝeuene Wel werþe, Þat [read: Þaȝ] he ne toke iudas out, Þe worste man on erþe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5864 : Wene yee mi men ta fra þair suinc?
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)23/32 : A tree outt is tane; Wolde do harm to neygh it ought.
d
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)25/24 : Wiche psalmis seynt austyn toke oute of þe sawghter, and sette to gedre, and namyd hem psalmys of penaunce.
- (c1468) Deed Norris in LCRS 93123 : The rentale of Meche Wulton taken owte off the All' Old Rentalis that wer mayede when hit was Furst geuyn to God.
e
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)328b/a : If þou takest oon out of an euene nombre [L si de paritate vnitatem dempseris], anoon þou makest an odde nombre.
- ?c1425 Craft Number.(Eg 2622)12/10 : Take 4 out of 2; it wyl not be; þerfore borro one of þe next figure.
- ?c1425 Craft Number.(Eg 2622)17/2 : Mediacion is a takyng out of halfe a nomber out of a holle nomber, as yf þou wolde take 3 out of 6.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)1.10.16 : Julius Cesar toke 2 daies out of Feverer, and putte hem in his month of Juyll.
f
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)297 : For if þou ta þe light awai, þe erthe it has na sun parfai.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)61 : Þe bremed heth and the brennyng of feeldes tatel [read: takeþ; F oste] away þe sent of the beest.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)138/32 : The men of Perse shotte arrowes so thykke that it toke aweye the lyght of the sonne.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.in Centaurus 12 (Lnsd 793)217/5295 : Whanne þe sunne his hete ȝildes, Þe dewe..He takiþ vp and draweþ fast.
g
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)340/13 : Corosiuis ben seid for to take awey yuel fleisch þat ne mai not be taken awei with medicyns.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)124a/b : Comon vse takeþ herez away [Ch.(2): doþ awaye; L aufert] bi one of 5 manerez..in kuttyng away with sherez..wiþ picecarolez or wyþ fyngerez in drawyng out bi þe rote.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)150a/b : A canker maye not ben heled but ȝif he be take aweye wiþ alle his rotes.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)413/16 : When þe walkyng of þe corrupcioun is taken [*Ch.(1): with sette; L intercepta] with garsynges and wiþ arsenek..I rolle alle þe dede membre wiþ a rolle.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)121/473 : Þou maist take sayme of lard..& anoynte þe corn..And so ofte-tymus til þe cor wol arise & may be take out.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)55b/b : For þe wounde schal neuere ben hool til þe accidentis ben taken aweye & remevid.
h
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)39/30,33 : Of lamberyn, chese, mylk..hony..þe tythes owyth to be payed wyth-oute reknyng of ony cost or of ony expensys..þat of þise thynges forseyde takyn vp for ony cost, for expensys, or for here trauayle..he doth wrong to holy cherche as þus..þou takyst vp for þi salt, or for þi labour, er þou tythe, þou doost wrong.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)205/15 : Neyther theef ne raueynere schul take vp his costes ne his expensys for no besynes, but restore hole þe thyng & þe profyȝtes.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.49b : The said distresse to doo to prayse and sell, and therof to take up the costes and expenses by theym soo doon and made.
31a.
(a) To give;—with indirect obj. plus partitive construction with of phrase: ~ of, give (sb.) a portion of (sth.); ~ to wives of, give (men) a number of (women) for wives; (b) to give (sth.), hand over; distribute (the principal of an estate); with indirect obj.: give (sb. sth.), hand (sb. sth.); hand over (to sb. a kingdom, land, etc.); pay (sb. money, wages, etc.), give (sb. a tally stick) as payment; feed (a hawk meat), give (a dog crumbs) to eat; also, with prep. phrases: ~ to (unto), give (sth.) to (sb.); deliver (a letter) to (sb.); pay (money) to (sb.); grant (sth.) to (sb.); grant possession of (a land, kingdom) to (sb.); also, grant the use of (a land, chamber) to (sb.); (c) to give (a hostage); with indirect obj.: hand over (sb. to sb. else) to bring up, give (sb. a companion or hostage); with inf.: lend (sb. to sb. else to do sth.); also, with prep. phrase: ~ to, give (sb. in marriage) to (sb.); of a wife: give (a female slave) to (her husband as a surrogate); refl. give oneself to (sb. as a servant); ~ in hostage, give (sb., one's own body) as hostage; ~ to hostage, give (sb. another person) as a hostage; (d) in phrases: ~ in (in-to) honde(s, to give (sth.) into (someone's) hand(s, hand (sth.) to (sb.); also, with indirect obj.: hand (sb. sth.); deliver (animals, riches, a land, etc.) into the possession (of sb.), give (sth.) into (someone's) possession; deliver (sb., a people) into (someone's) power; fig. commit (one's spirit) into (God's) hands; ~ on honde to wille, put (one's land) at (someone's) disposal; ~ to honde, give (sb.) possession of (a land); also, give (a land) into (someone's) charge [quot. c1425]; deliver (sth.) into (someone's) power, give (sb.) dominion over (creatures); (e) to make (expenditures), pay (expenses); (f) to impart (God's word, God's law, a prayer), communicate;—with indirect obj. or to phrase; ~ bok to bisne, offer (sb.) a book as a pattern or model for living; (g) with indirect obj.: to entrust (to sb. the governance of a kingdom, city, or castle), give (sb. command of troops, power, etc.); also, with inf. or that clause: entrust (sb. or sth. to sb. to do sth. with), give (sb. another person so that sth. be done); with prep. phrases: ~ in kepinge, entrust (sb.) to (someone else's) keeping; ~ to (til, unto), entrust (a people, goods, etc.) to (sb.); assign (an office, a duty, etc.) to (sb.); relegate (a practice) to (sb.); also fig.; with inf.: entrust (a body, a people) to (sb. to protect); lay (an affair) before (sb. to do sth.); ~ to mister, assign (sb.) to an office or a task; also, with adv. and prep. phrase: ~ to..to, entrust (the carrying on of battle, waging of war) to (youths) [transl. of L committere]; (h) to give (sb., sth.) up, surrender (sb., a city); also, betray (sb.); refl. of persons, a city: give themselves or itself up, surrender; with prep. phrases: ~ in-to, hand (sb.) over to (captivity, someone else's power); also, fig. put (sb.) to (the sword); ~ to, betray (sb.) to (sb.), hand (sb.) over to (an enemy); fig. consign (sb.) to death by (the sword); ~ to deth, deliver (sb.) to death; ~ to tol, fig. give (sb.) as a toll payment; (i) to commend (sb. to Christ, the Holy Trinity, or the devil); (j) ~ frendshipe to, to bestow friendship on (sb.); ~ herberwe, offer shelter, provide lodgings; ~ herte to (unto), give (one's) heart to (sb.), be devoted to; also, become an adherent of (Jesus, a personified vice); ~ lif to, entrust (one's) life to (sb.); ~ merci of, have mercy on
(someone's
soul);—used in asseveration; ~ worshipe to, give worship to (sb.); ben to ~ reward to, be obliged to render satisfaction to (the Lord); (k) to send (a letter), dispatch; also, of a letter: be entrusted, be given [last quot.]; (l) refl. ~ til, to offer oneself sexually to (sb.), have sexual relations with; ~ to, of a female animal: give herself as a mate to (a male), breed with; (m) to bribe (sb.), give (sb.) a bribe; (n) to make an offering of (sth.); eccl. offer (the body of Christ in the form of bread); ~ in-to, make a dedicatory offering of (the spoils of the enemy) as (an anathema of oblivion); offer up (one's life) to (death); (o) ~ with, to imbue (sth.) with (flavor), furnish;—in proverb.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)43 : Seint Fraunceys..custe þane sike man..And of his seluer him tok.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.145 : Scottes..he hiȝte hymself help aȝenst þe Bretouns þat were enemyes, yf þey wolde arise, and took hem to wyfes of here douȝtres vppon suche a condicioun.
b
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)45/794 : Whan þu farst to woȝe, Tak him þine gloue.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)1679 : Wo worþe þane man þat lond haueþ to wille, and takeþ hit his child þe wile þe hit mai holde.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)319 : Hare lond hi toke oþere men.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)636 : Lord, þou toke me twey besauntz; lo, Oþer tweye þerto ich haue byȝute.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)3987 : A lettre hii toke þe kinge.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5052 : A destrer þo ladde Agreuein, And toke it Gaheriet bi þe rein.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)36/36 : Þe pans..hi token beuore to þe poure manne.
- a1350(a1325) SLeg.Cec.(Ashm 43)71 : To gerlans he huld an honde Of rosen & of lylion suote; þat on cicile he toke, & þat oþer ualerian.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.47.6 : In þe beste place make hem to dwelle, And take to hem þe londe of Gessen.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Dan.2.44 : God of heuen shal reyse a kyngdam..and his rewme shal not be taken to an other peple.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.323 : Moyses..took [Higd.(2): ȝafe; L tradidit] his wif þe ryng of forȝetnesse.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.87 : Qwo-so make noyse in tyme of drycke..and ye dene comande hym to ben styl, and he ne wyl noute, yane schal ye dene takon hym ye yerd; and, if he wille nouthe reseyu yt, he schal pay to ye lythe iij d.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.421 : Pallas..tok him a Schield..And..Mercurie..Lente him a swerd.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1034 : To the preest he took this gold agayn.
- c1400(1375) Canticum Creat.(Trin-O 57)23 : God..mad..Adam..Eue he made to his make; Al paradys he gan hem take.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)4.45 : He..takiþ [vr. takyt] me but a taile for ten quarteris of otis.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.575 : Owre Lorde wrote it hym-selue In stone..And toke it moyses to teche men til Messye come.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)23.260 : Wol no treserour take hem wages, trauayle þei neuere so sore.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.292 : He toke þe folke of Panonye lond.
- (1424-5) EEWills57/34 : After my principal is taken, I wul my wyf haf my best ambeler.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)1.154 : Tak vs parchemyn and pen.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)12482 : Beduer tok a squier þe heued, To bere & schewe þe host aboute.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)171 : All þat in erth to me es ton, Itt is of þe grace of god allon.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1300 : Lazar..askid..sum good þat he myȝt quenche his hunger of crummys þat fil fro his [rich man's] bord..þan wolde þis ryche man ȝeuyn non, but toke hem to his hounde.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2089 : Oure lord..blessid..a cuppe with wyn and toke it his disciplis.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)180 : Here brynge I in a storye..That a goode squyere..Toke unto me well wrytene in a scrowe.
- ?a1450 Poem Hawking (Yale 163)564 : Þu maist take here flesshe, yf hit be nede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17694 : Þen Iudyth bad þem..loue god..þat swylke thressour had to þem toyne [rime: wone, gone].
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)22/26 : Tho toke he þe book on-to his felaw.
- (1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.205 : Ȝif the saide Mair, Shirref, and Officers..be not present at the said dirige and masse, then the saide procuratours to take tham nother noon of tham that is absent no peny.
- (1463) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.3268 : The seed feffes..by their seuerall dedes shull graunte to such persone or persones..suche and as many annuitees as shull yerly extende to cccc marke of lawfull money..to be taken to theym, their executors, and assignes.
- (c1468) Paston2.355 : The relygyoux of Seynt Benetts..toke that chambre to Maister John Smyth.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)43/6 : The whyche he toke to kepe to the..mynchons to serue god, that is to say, he grauntyd & gaf..tethe of hys too Millis..v acris of hys demayne medewe, [etc.].
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)2/40-41 : The Serpent toke Eve an Appyl to byte, and Eve toke Adam a mursel of þe same.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1991 : Sith thou hast this lond forsake, My riche londys I shall hym take.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)51/20 : The holy Cristen feithe was somtyme figured in the table which our Lorde toke to Moyses.
- a1500 Cmb.Diseases Horse (Cmb Ll.1.18)75 : Sette a chylde in the sadyll and take hym þe ende off þe corde in his hande, and lette hym ryde þe horse.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)783 : An oyntment..she hym set, Toke hit hym full tyte.
c
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)11166 : Ich wolle þin man bi-come, to hostage take [Clg: biteche] þe mine sone.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)290 : Þe king tok brut is oue bodi in ostage as it were.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7554 : He esste ostage stronge inou & hii ne ssolde noȝt wurne, Ac toke [vr. stok] him ostage god at is owe wille.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11834 : Sir edward..ostage vor him tok.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.30.9 : Lya, felyng þat sche hadde laft forto beer chyldren, sche toke [WB(2): ȝaf; L tradidit] to þe hosbond ȝelpha, here hond meyden.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.3.6 : Þei tookyn [WB(2): ȝauen; L tradiderunt] here douȝtris to þe sonis of hem.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Tob 9.2 : If myself I take [WB(2): bitake; L tradam] to þee a seruaunt, I shal not ben euene worþi to þi prouydence.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)224 : Shal y, hym my douȝtyr take?
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1966 : I mot nedes..meue to-morne, & ȝe me take sum tolke, to teche..Þe gate to þe grene chapel.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)999 : Tak him me..And y schal make him Cristen man.
- a1425 Assump.Virg.(1) (Add 10036)112/48 : I schal þee take a trewe fere, That trewly schal kepen þee.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3064 : Syker þerof he wolde hym make Wyþ bond & god ostage to take.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)25/23 : Macmurgh toke hym his sone to hostage.
d
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1664 : Al mi lond to þine wille ich take þe an honde.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1340 : He sal michil his kinde maken, And ðat lond hem to honde taken.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)218 : Tak me þi swerd in myn hond.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.9.2 : All fyschez of þe see ben take [WB(2): ȝouun] to ȝour hond.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.30.35 : All þe flock o colour, þat is of white & of black fleese, he toke in þe hondez of his sonnes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.2.8 : Þe whiche offrynge to þe lord þou shalt take in þe hondis of þe prest.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.1.27 : He haþ lad vs out of þe loond of Egipt þat he take vs in þe hoond of ammorrei, & do vs awey.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.8.7 : Þe lord schal takyn in to myn handis ȝebee & Salmana.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Kings 14.27 : Kyng roboam maade brasene scheeldis & tooc hem in þe hond of þe dukes scheeldbereris.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.30.6 : In to þi hondis I take my spirit.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.19.4 : I shal taken egipt in to þe hond of cruel lordis.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)15411 : In to ȝoure hondes I shal him take.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.14.20 : The enemyes ben takun in thin hondis.
- c1425(?a1400) Arthur (Lngl 55)329 : Arthour toke þan þe lond To Moddredes owne hond.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)159/7 : A grete woodenesse it were..to take me now into myn enemyes hondis.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)52/38 : These tabell-is I take þe in þin honde.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)63/2296 : Take þy ryches into poore mennys hondis.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)547 : He toke þe kyng þe lettur yn honde.
e
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)2.167 : The peple of Englonde is ȝiffen..to glotony..takenge grete coste [Trev.: beeþ more costlewe; L multum sumptuosa].
f
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)28 : Laweman..þe soþe word sette togedere, and þane hilke boc tock us to bisne.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)58 : Þe Covent toke [vr. techyd] me an orison to blesse me with..And þe priour taught me to say this prayer when ony sprit good or evel appered vn to me.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)441 : For þe olde lawe he [God] toke his men as lord doþ his þrall.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)22/734 : If y kowde fynde eny man þat kowde teche me þe worde of helthe & of gostly seed, y shold nat take it to ffowlis ne to beestis, & þe londe of myn herte shold nat be founde stony, ne ful of þornys.
g
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)63/1099 : Rymenhild þu me toke Þat ischolde loke.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.51 : He me tok holi churche in eche manere so freo, To beo quit of al other court.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2036 : God it wer te [read: to] al þe lond to take him þe kinedom.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7893 : Þe bissop..tok him poer..of al engelonde.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8372 : Hor ost hii delde as euene [read: a seuene] & þe verst hii toke Þe erl of flaundres..to loke.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3397 : He seriaunted þo þurth him— Merlin tok þo to ich mester Þat sleiȝe were and of power.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2433 : Mark gan tristrem calle And toke him..Cites, castels alle, Steward as he hadde bene.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.39.4 : Ioseph..gouernede þe house taken to hym, & all þingez þat to hym wern betauȝt.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.8.19 : Y haue take hem [Levites] by ȝifte to aaron & his sonys..þat þei seruyn to me for Irael in þe tabernacle.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Esth.16.5 : Manye..han mys-vsid in to pride..& in so myche to woodnesse breken out þat to þem besili kepen þe offis taken to þem.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)76/238 : How þou hast gouerned Goddis folk þat was taken þe to kepe?
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)4366 : To kepe his godis he toke hem me.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)20795 : Dispute..is no mistere Bitwene wise in suche awere, But take hit to him moost of myȝt; Lete him þerof he resoun riȝt.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)298/4 : Blood-letyng..falliþ for oure craft, þouȝ we for pride take it to barbouris & to wommen.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1177 : He takeþ Alisaunder þis disray, Forto amende it ȝif he may.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.7481 : He..Toke vn-to me..Þe gouernaunce of þis regioun.
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)795 : Þe body..þat ȝhe vs toke To kepe is resen.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.3002 : Behynde he leffte to gouerne the contre His cosyn Modred..To whom Arthour of trust took al the lond.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)485 : Takyn, or betakyn a thynge to a-nother: Committo.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)42/11 : Take me ten thowsande of ȝour men of armes.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)55/11 : Lusty ȝouþe..to whom also werres and batailes oweþ to be taken too [L committenda], þat astate schulde ouerpasse.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1434 : A Celerer..Hir offece sal..gladly do, And ȝeme wele þat es takyn her to.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)86 : Take thy sone in my kypyng.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)382/172 : Lazar..tille vs was tane for to tente.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)220 : Of þis kerchef & my cors þe kepyng y þe take.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1383 : Lett vs not lose that lytyll knaue; Our fader toke hym vnto me.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)177/631 : All his poer he him takes, And mayster of his host makes.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)14/30 : I toke þe my good to kepe..and..þow hast þus fowle seruet me.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)303 : He and the kynge of Gaul haue take theire londes to the Emperoure be soche covenaunt that the Emperour Iulius shall sende hym socour.
h
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)11996 : Hii toke him foliwis al þe borh of Paris.
- a1350 Of Rybaudȝ (Hrl 2253)4 : Of rybaudȝ y ryme..to deuel ich hem to-lyure, and take to tolle!
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Josh.11.19 : Þer was no cite þat took hym not to þe sonys of Jrael.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Esd.8.78 : For oure synnes..wee ben taken with oure breþern & with oure preestis & kingis..in to swerd & caitifte.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judith 7.15 : Now gedereþ alle men þat ben in þis cite, þat wilfully wee of al þe puple taken vs to olofernes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 30.23 : I wot for þou shalt taken me to deþ.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.26.12 : Ne þou shalt taken me in to þe soulis of men trublinge me.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.25.31 : Vnpitous men I tooc [L tradidi] to swerd.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.26.46 : He that shal take [vr. bytray] me, shal neiȝe.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2046 : Iudas..þouȝtte þat he wolde not hem [Jesus] take but ȝif þei [Jews] ȝeuyn hym mede.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2095 : Oure lord..seide..'On of ȝow me wil to þe Iewis take.'
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2100 : He..þat wetith his hond here in my dubler..me wil take into synful mannys power.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)2320 : Seyde Pilat..'I am no Iew..& þin owen folk han þe to me tak.'
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)880 : He..bare a staffe among þaim alle, And wolde take it nothyng.
i
- (1436) Let.in Burton Hemingbrough393 : I writte no more..at this tyme, so I tak ȝow to ye Holy Trinite.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)104 : Thenne he taketh hem to Cryste, and aȝeyne turneth.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)291/377 : Fy, fy, on thise dyse! the devill I theym take!
j
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1391 : He..Askede hire if ghe migte taken Herberge for hire frendes sake.
- a1325 SLeg.Magd.(1) (Corp-C 145)52 : Alle þreo..sede hi wolde..to Iesu hore herte take.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)279 : Y þonky þat ȝow & godes gras þat he tok frendschip to me.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)7213 : Now haþ sampson taken his lif In wille to welde to his wif.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)35/22 : I hadde take to him þe worshupe þat is onliche due to þe.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.236 : Evere þe more þe Lord is..evere þe more is þe synne to take reward to þis Lord.
- (1439) RParl.5.29b : Your noble Aiell, Henry the Forthe, and..youre noble Fader of blessid memorie, Harry the ve, of whose saules God take mercy.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1082 : Myn hert holy to þe I take Into þyne owyn award.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)761 : The lady..To Torrant..went than; Here hert wase to hyme tane.
- a1500 O dethe (Pmb-C 307)4 : Come on and se thow wofull creature That haþe his herte vnto a lady take.
k
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)182 : Þanne let þe lordliche king lettres endite..and siþen hem takus To þe burn on his bot, and bad him..To þe king of hur kiþ carien his sonde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2026 : Þis pistill to Persyns he with his pepir takis, Partis prestly þam to many proude giftis.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)234 : Þe king dide a letter make And to a messagere let it take.
l
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)31 : Þe biche of þe wolf takeþ hure to þe foulest and to the moost wreche.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)463 : To quam has þou þe tane till..Outhire mete has mendid þe full mekill..Or ane has stollen in my stede sen I was stad þare.
m
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.136 : Coueityse..torned Ciuile in-to Symonye, and sitthe he toke þe official.
n
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judith 16.23 : Alle þe armys of batayle..& þe canope..she tooc [WB(2): ȝaf; L sustulerat] in to þe curs of forȝeting.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.53.12 : He tooc in to deþ his lijf.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)94 : Þis is my body which schal be takun for ȝou.
o
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.181 : For what sauour a newe shell is taken with, When it is olde it tasteth of the same.
31b.
(a) To grant the use of (land, a chamber, domestic animals) in return for a fixed payment, rent out; also, grant (revenues or income) from property in return for a fixed payment; (b) to sell (sth.); ~ merci for mede, grant or bestow indulgence for hire; (c) law to convey (a property or the title to a property); ~ estat, give (to sb.) legal right or title to property.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8566 : Hor londes & hor rentes þe [king] huld in is honde & oþer wile to ferme tok.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)284 : An oosteler seith to his gist: 'Sir, y take this chaumbir to ȝou forto ligge in it'..the oosteler seith not..'Y ȝeue to thee this chambir.'
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)32/14 : Þilke..takeþ here bestes to ferme, so þat..ȝif þei deiȝe, þe fermour schal fynde oþere as goode.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)81/25 : The seyd abbas..& the couent tokyn & leten to the forseyd Richard..for a summe of Money..to acris of londe.
b
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2396 : Okur hyt ys..To take þy catel and haue auauntage.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)4.87 : Þees men..haue no puteye of þe puple þat parcel-mele mote biggen; Þauh þei take hem vntydy þyng, þei hold hit no treson.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)10.277 : Þow toke Mercy for mede and my lawe breke.
c
- (c1436) Paston2.5 : Þere shuld of Baxteres place of Honyng be taken estate to yow and to oþer as your..lettre requireth.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.56/1 : Þe saide Abbot and Couent..grauntid and toke to þe saide Abbot and Couent of Oseney all þere mede of Bolestoke.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.78/8 : Þe seide Abbot and Couent lete and toke to þe saide Water and to his heyres, a crofte.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.122/21 : I..ȝafe, grauntid, toke, & deliuered..to þe church of Saynte mary of Oseney..all my londe.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)415/23 : Hit shold not be lawfull..to yeve, take, or assigne to ony man the forsaid houses.
31c.
In selected phrases: ~ answere, to give an answer (to sb.); ~ gage, provide (sb.) security for an agreement; ~ halt, ?offer obstruction (to sb.), prevent (sb.) from going; ~ justice, administer justice; ~ juwise, pass sentence, give judgment; ~ knouleche til (to), acknowledge (sb.) as a superior, give homage to; ~ leve, give consent to (sth.), ratify; ~ punicioun, impose punishment.
Associated quotations
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12162 : Mang barns als barn i wit yow spac; To me knaulage nan wald ye tac.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12372 : And ye þat he has wroght to men..Til him wil yee tak na knaulage.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)1158 : I þoȝt þat noþyng myȝt me dere To fech me bur and take me halte.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.808 : O worldli folk, aduertisith off entent..what punycioun God shal taken in his iugement.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)266 : Þe emperour..Assembled þe senatours..To iugge, who jewes myȝt best vpon þe Jewys take.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)82/1 : A answere was take to þes iij kyngis in her slepe.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)3567 : They made Syrophanes..To take Beryn gage, and plegg fynd also To byde þe ward & Iugement of þat he had mys-do.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)576/36 : The which parties..graunted the composicion..to be stronge bitwene the said chirches for euer, and toke hit lefe, with opyn consente, yf the bisshop of lyncolne wold conferme hit with his auctorite.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)45/10 : Trouthe..taketh ouir all maner of people egall and rightfull iustice.
32.
(a) To indicate something, demonstrate, serve as a witness; (b) to exhibit (a behavior or manner), show, display; ~ kep of (on), display fondness or amorous interest toward (sb., a mate); also, show deference to (sb.) [quot. ?c1421]; ~ kep unto, show respect for (sb.), be deferential to; ~ (a) persoune, be a respecter of persons, exhibit partiality; ~ persoune of, ~ reward til, show partiality to (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6905 : Þis wand was don vp for to hald..In takning for to tak and tell Again þe folk was sua [Frf: at was] rebell.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.42.2 : My seruaunt..dom to jentilis..shulde bringe forþ; he shal not crien ne take persone [WB(2): take a persoone; L accipiet personam].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 20.21 : Thou takist not persoone of man.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)14.145 : Reson..suwen alle bestes In etynge..in gendrynge of kynde; After cours of concepcion non tok kepe of oþer.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1001 : Edippus..sonnes had hym in despit, And of disdeyn tok of hym no kepe.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1871 : Þe dede til na man tas rewarde.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3475 : Daunger toke kepe [F se prent garde] if that I Kepe hym couenaunt trewly.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)32/32 : A man oughte to take gode kepe [F bien garder] for to bye bawme but ȝif he cone knowe it right wel, for he may right lyghtly ben disceyued.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)483 : False Cristis and false prophetis schulen rise..to disseyue..hem that ben chosen; Therfore take ȝe kepe.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)291 : Vnto no hird þai wil tak kepe, Bot raykes forth als raueand schep.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)1920 : This fayre lady of [vr. on] hym takyth keepe, And kyssith hym swte.
33.
(a) To be supportive; ~ at other, be mutually supportive, help each other; also, with adverbs: ~ to, aid (the poor) [transl. of L assumere]; ~ up, sustain (sb.), support, help; (b) to sustain (a fire), maintain, fuel; (c) ~ on honde, to stand surety (for sb.), furnish support; ~ under main-prise, act as mainpernor (for sb.);—in fig. context.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.29.12 : For þe heste tac to þe pore [WB(2): take thou a pore man; L adsume pauperem].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 1.54 : He..hauynge mynde of his mercy, took vp [L suscepit] Israel, his child.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1038 : Þerfore, Pryde..And breþyryn all..Late iche of vs take at othyr And set Mankynd on a stomlynge stol.
b
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.245 : Ac hew fyre at a flynte fowre hundreth wyntre, Bot þow haue towe to take it with, tondre or broches, Al þi laboure is loste.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)810 : Fif kniȝtes..token an hond for seint thomas of alle þulke þinge, euerech of an hondret pound for þis seli man to paie.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)485 : Takyn on hande: Manucapio..Takyn on hande: Manuteneo.
- a1450 PPl.B (Cmb Dd.1.17)20.17 : Takes [Ld: Þough he..can no better cheuysaunce, Nede anon riȝte nymeth hym vnder meynpryse].
34.
(a) To make a personal commitment; bestow one's faith or trust; bestow one's devotion; with prep. phrases: ~ til (to, unto), make a commitment to (sb., the devil, God, etc.), put one's trust in, believe in; also, give credence to (sb.) [quot. a1400, 2nd]; give one's devotion to (sb.), adhere to; also, refl. commit oneself to (the devil, Christ, a spouse, etc.); (b) to trust (sb.), put faith in, give credence to; ben taken with, be faithful to (God); tak me as ich mene, trust me, believe what I say; (c) ~ til, to become an adherent of (sb.), ally oneself with.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)356 : Adam Godd forrlet & toc himm to þe deofell.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)16766 : Son summ þeȝȝ haffdenn herrd hiss spell..Off þa þatt tokenn hemm till Crist Hallflinngess.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)6/65 : Serue godd ane..& tac þe to him treowliche, & tu schalt beo freo from alle worldliche weanen.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)66 : Ihesu crist, mi louerd, to þe i take me; for þi loue here, martir wolli bee.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14566 : Isemberd..Gurmunddes mon he bicon [read: bicom], ne mihte he na wurse don, for Crist seolue he for-soc and to þan Wursen he tohc..and heðe-scipe nom him on.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)83 : Ðanne he..Forsaket ðore satanas, & ilk sinful dede, Takeð him to ihesu crist.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)34 : Þe world anon he þer forsok And to Iesu Crist him tok.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)594 : Ich wille bileuen oppon þi lay, & alle myne godes forsake, & to ȝoure god ich wille take.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 39.12 : Wheþer takist [WB(2): bileue; L credes] þou to hym, þat seed he ȝeelde to þee, & þi corn floor he gedere?
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.842 : A man shal lete fader and moder and taken hym to his wif.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)6819 : Take noght to him þat es lyer, Ne fals witnes for feloin ber.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)17533 : Raþer shulde þei to vs take þen to ihesu for oure sake.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2159 : To Goddez wylle I am ful bayn, & to hym I haf me tone.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2894 : Of al y-fere sche sette nouȝt a myte..And vn-to þe sche hath hir hooly take.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)8/344 : Erthli husband wald I none, For vnto Crist I had me tone.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)83 : Now ne wold scho neuir kyng forsake, And til a sympill knyght hir take, Bot if þaire lufe were olde.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1066 : Lord..we han forsake Al erþely good & folwe þe & han vs to þe al take.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10038 : God was greued with his grett trespase, for he to fals goddes con hym take.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)72/21 : A clerk..denyed Crist and took him to þe deuel, body and soule.
- a1475(c1441) Lament Duch.Glo.(Cmb Hh.4.12)133 : To hym I wyll me take That for us was put upon a tree.
- c1450(?a1400) Chestre Launfal (Clg A.2)316 : Yf þou wylt truly to me take, And alle wemen for me forsake, Ryche i wyll make þe.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)12262 : God þei forsook, And to her ydols aȝein hem took.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.77.8 : His spirit is not taken [L non credidit] with god.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6819 : Tak þou noght wit tunge leier, Ne fals wittenes for felun ber.
- (1460) Paston (Gairdner)3.216 : As ye arn a veray gentilman..take me as I mene.
c
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.96 : Þe bisshop þouht treson, for warned was Henry; He went to Southampton, with him alle his clergy; þe maistres of þe portes for gyftes tille him toke.
35.
In phrase: ben taken bi lot, of powers or faculties of bodily members: to be distributed, be allotted.
Associated quotations
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)31/7 : Þe whiche manere vertues beþ take by lotte [L sortiuntur] in compowned membres and in symple.
36.
(a) To add (the name of Christ to the title of a book), put (the name of Christ in one's title); (b) gram. of a Latin word: to add (a given suffix to its specified inflectional form); ~ upon, add (a given letter) to (another letter).
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7122 : To her title they token [F firent] Crist.
b
- (c1434) Drury Comparacio (CmbAdd 2830)72/110 : Þese v nownys..takyn to here genitif case singuler '-simus' and makyn here superlatiuis degreis, as 'fortis, fortissimus'.
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)5/200 : How knos þu a uerbe actiue? For hyt endys in '-o' and may tak '-r' apon 'O' and mak of hym a passyue, as 'amo, amor'.
- c1450 StJ-C Accedence (StJ-C F.26)25/361 : Qwerby knowyst a verbe actyf? For it endyth in '-o' and may take '-r' vpon 'O' and make of hym a passyf.
37a.
(a) To begin (sth.) [often difficult to distinguish from senses in 37b.]; with inf.: begin (to do sth.), start (to do sth.); ~ on (til); ~ querele, initiate a dispute, pick a quarrel; (b) with ger.: to begin (doing sth.); ~ upon honde; (c) with adv.: ~ on, to begin (at a number and count).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2203 : He toc to frofrenn hire anann Cuþliȝ bi name & seȝȝde, 'Ne beo þu, Marȝe, nohht forrdredd.'
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4772 : He warrþ all..Full hefiȝlike secnedd, Swa swiþe þatt hiss bodiȝ toc To rotenn bufenn eorþe.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12460 : He toc to wenenn þa Þatt Crist wass Godd onn eorþe.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14075 : Hise Lerninngcnihhtess þær Tokenn onn himm to lefenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)17246 : Tær iss þa þatt illke mann..wharrfedd Fra flæsh till gast..& takeþþ till wiþþ bliþe mod Gastlike lif to ledenn.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)108/752 : Sone se ha þis sehen..alle somet turnden, ant token to ȝeien, 'Witerliche, [etc.].'
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)43/367 : Þis meiden..toc on toward þeos fif siðe tene to tauelin o þis wise.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.6018 : Cressaide loued Diomeede, Whan worthi Troilus she wilfulli forsook; Off hir nature a quarel thus she took Tassaie bothe.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)72/13 : For a litel contrariousnes þou failest in þinges taken [L cœptis].
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1634 : With strengthe dorst he nothing fonde, So tok he lesinge upon honde.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)29/845 : That hit is thus in myn hert haue y found..the craft for when he tath sekyng No thyng kan him appese.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)29/851 : To haue a response of hir gret bounte He tath therin so huge a reioysyng That forget is he had on his party.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11260 : Ȝiff þu takesst onn att an, & tellesst forþ till fowwre, Þa riseþþ upp þin tale anan Inntill þe tale off tene.
37b.
(a) To undertake some act or task, engage in an undertaking [quot. a1400 Cursor (Frf)]; undertake (sth.); ~ assai (preve) of, undertake an examination of (sth.), consider (sth.); ~ assaut (pul), make an attack; ~ bataille (strife, werre), join battle, engage in combat, make war; ~ emprise, undertake a task or deed of some kind [see also emprise n. 1., 2., & 3.]; ~ enterprise, undertake a task or a military enterprise [see also enterprise n. 1. & 2.]; ~ fight, join battle; also, undertake a difficult task [quot. c1540]; ~ nedes (in place, take action, undertake affairs; ~ querele, undertake a battle [see also querele n. 1.(c)]; also, hold a dispute [quot. a1393]; ~ traine, undertake a trick; also, with adv.: ~ to, undertake (work) [transl. of L arripere]; with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ on (upon), take (sth., a deed, task, penitential practice, etc.) upon (oneself), undertake (a chivalric or martial enterprise, battle); also, with inf.: undertake (to do sth.) [quot. c1422]; (b) in phrases: ~ counseil, to consult, deliberate, consider [see also counseil n. 5.(c)]; in charge, undertake (sth.); ~ in honde(s, ~ to honde, undertake (a matter, battle, etc.); ~ on honde, undertake the doing of something, undertake actions [quot. a1450-a1500]; also, undertake (sth., a task, deed, mission, battle, etc.); embark on (matrimony); ~ on honde in, get busy in (husbanding of the land), set about; ~ querele in (in-to) honde, undertake to arbitrate a trial by combat; (c) with inf.: to undertake (to do sth.), proceed (to do sth.), engage in (doing sth.);—also refl.; ~ in custume, make it a habit (to do sth.), proceed customarily (to do sth.); ~ in (on, under) honde, undertake (to do sth.); with adv.: ~ on, undertake (to do sth.); with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ on (til, to, upon), take it upon (oneself to do sth.), undertake; presume (to do sth.); (d) ~ charge (cure, garde, kepinge, etc.) of, ~ entente (gome, tente) to, to take care of (sb. or sth.), look after, attend to; ~ kep, attend someone, see to someone's welfare [quot. ?c1421]; ~ kep of (to, unto, upon), attend (sb.), see to the welfare of (sb. or sth.) [see also kep n. 4.(a)]; also, iron. kill (sb.) [quot. a1500(?a1400)]; (e) ~ cure (peine), to make an effort; refl. exert oneself; also, with inf.: make an effort (to do sth.), endeavor (to do sth.); ~ entente (gome, hed), with inf. or that clause: take pains (to do sth.), make an effort; see to it (that sth. is done); ~ labour (torvaile), make an effort, take trouble; with inf.: take the trouble (to do sth.); ~ litel (non) hed, ~ litel (no, non) reward, make little (no) attempt (to do sth.); ~ peine of labour, exert oneself in work; ~ the more peine upon him, make the greater effort, exert himself the more; (f) law to undertake (a legal action, an official investigation, etc.), bring (suit); ~ accioun ayenes (of, upon), ~ cause (pleinte, proces, querele) ayenes, ~ sute ayen (ayenes, upon), bring a lawsuit against (sb.), take legal action against; ~ enquere (inquisicioun, knouleche, serche), make an official investigation, take evidence or depositions; ~ examinacioun of, conduct a formal investigation or interrogation of (sb.); ~ in-to honde, undertake to hear (a suit or a formal accusation); ~ ple, bring a suit; ~ queste, undertake to be a member of a jury; ~ queste of, hold an inquiry or a trial regarding (sth.); try (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1443 : Asaut to þat dragoun Tristrem toke þat tide.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1112 : Y schal for þe take bataile.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)52/1469 : Þes werkes Men takeþ after ihesu cryst, Wanne hy by-comeþ clerkes.
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)68/347 : Matirmonye..is a lawefull festenyng betwix man and woman At thair bother assent for to lyve samen..In remedi of syn..If it be taken in gode attent and clennesse of lif.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)658 : Þan aȝen þai toke þe fiȝt with swerdes sherpe & kene.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)668 : On batail ne com he non..þat he ne ouercom his fon, ne a-ȝen no man ne tok querel..þat he ne hadde þe betere deel.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prol.Tob.(Bod 959)13 : I tooc to [L arripui] þe trauaile of oon day.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2702 : His lord hath take Querelle ayein his oghne man.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5515 : For if þai tak agains vs fight..we ma sua our landes tin.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)5639 : Þis wommon bleþely toke þer-to [Vsp: it vnder-fang; Trin-C: vndirtoke hit] & fedde hit [infant Moses] til hit cowde speke & go.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)4795 : Lo, I am al redy boun, Oure aller nedes to take in place [Vsp: vnder ta].
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.164 : On crosse vpon caluarye cryst toke þe bataille, Aȝeines deth and þe deuel, destruyed her botheres myȝtes.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)298 : A yong doghtir haue I..Of which I wolde..Thow tooke on thee to be gouerneresse.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)526 : Sho saw þir gaudes might noght gain, Þarfore sho toke anoþer trayn.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6107 : Good men..wole taken on hem no thyng Whanne that they knowe al my menyng.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)595 : Antonius..lafte hire falsly..And wolde algates han another wyf, For which he tok with Rome and Cesar stryf.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)10/21 : It nedith nothing for the to make Werre with them of helle ne no strif take.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)82/29 : A greete emprise scholde not be taken for avision.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1619 : Þou seydest þenchesoun Why þat þou took vp-on þe maryage Was..loue only.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2)1100 : Neuer myȝtest þou non ende make Of no gode dede þat þou dydest take?
- a1450 Chauliac(4) (Cai 336/725)8/1 : It longiþ to a good leche..to take on him þat þat is possible, And not for money bihote þingis þat ben not in his power.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.378 : None schal take any synguler abstynence up on her withe oute licence of the abbes.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)54/14 : He take proof and assaie of a gouernaunce þoruȝ a notable tyme, how he may bere it, eer þan he vowe it.
- a1486 Ordin.Lists in RS 55.1 (Lnsd 285)325 : Yif it happen so that the kyng wolde take the quarell in his hande and make them accordid.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)293 : Wyth me he mot take fyȝt, Oþer leue hys armes here.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)5167 : The fleghes..now wol thay, when thow art away, hongrily take sadder pul.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)223/34 : The tokenys of the coragious bene a grete forhede and flesshy..laat of mevynge, and Slow to take nedys but yf thay bene grete.
- a1500(a1449) Lydg.Haste (Cmb Kk.1.6)73 : Eche thyng is beeste take in his sesoun.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)3 : This feende that toke this enterprise ne taried not.
- a1500 Chartier Dial.F.&F.(Sion Arc.L.40.2/E.43)27/12 : Loke how moche more a man taketh vppon hym yn charge of the comon wele, so moche more he oweth.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)230/23 : Oftetymes it happis that certein enterprises be taken [CQ(1): made], as segis to be leyde to suche a place or such.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)609 : I hym [Vice] charge..That he with Vertew..In our defense must on hym batayll take.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)228 : Hit wold sothely me set as souerayne in Joye Iff..the fflese þat is ffreshe flamond of gold Were brought..into þis byg yle..Wold þu afforce þe þerfore and þe fight take.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.55 : Þey avised hem and took counsaille and made wel huge fuyre.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2310 : Thanne shal ye take conseil in youre self and examyne wel youre thoghtes.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.665 : Sche..bar on hond that him ne roghte What labour that sche toke on honde.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3121 : He takeþ on honde þis message.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)490 : Þis auenture..þou hatz tan on honde.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)92/14 : Þanne hit is nouȝt redilich but vnwiselich y-do to take on hond sich beggery.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4567 : Neuere quarel wolde he take on honde..but he myȝt vndirstonde Þat it were fully gronded vp-on riȝt.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.210 : Ȝe..in ȝoure hond þis quarel fully takeþ, Palladyoun iustly to prouyde.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)158b/a : Þer is no þing þat diffames a Surgens name so myche as for to take on honde þat he maye not brynge to a goode ende.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.211 : Take on hond, in husbondynge of londe, As thou may bere in maner and mesure.
- (1448) Shillingford71 : The seid Mayer..woll beseke you..that hit may please your gode lordship to take this mater yn your gracious hondis.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)59 : Þow hast take on hond a grete þyng, but bi the mercy of god þow shalt wel do and welfare.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)53/3 : Here good wille is nede to be bridelyd, þat þei ne taken on honde more þen þei may goodly brynge to eende.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)297 : Milorde of Gloucestre made hem so agaste..and sought hem in here londe, And brente, and slowe, as he hadde take on honde.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)355/29 : Þe King bade hem cese, and tok þe quarel yn-to his honde, and..exiled þe Duk of Herforde.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)163/25 : Right lothly ye wold take in hand the conquestes of your predecessours.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)243/29 : Of the ientilnesse..of the prince breedith confidence; of confidence, suerte; of suerte, hardynesse to take on hand.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)179/37 : Whan he shal battail in honde take, he is so ferce that he dreddyth no man.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)28 : The kynge comaunded hem to sey that they hadde take in charge.
- a1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)283/165 : Þarfore we prayen þe, syre, help vs to fyȝt, And take þat to þyn honde, To sauen al Englond.
- a1550(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Sln 1873)2689 : He that will take our werke in honde, v Concordis he moste vndirstonde.
c
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1135 : Dauid, king of Scotland, toc to uuerrien him.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15325 : Þatt allderrmann drannc off þatt win..& toc to clepenn sone Uppo þatt oþerr hæfedd mann Þatt wass bridgume.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)619 : Vre louerd him tok on To schewen his apostles þet he wes god and mon.
- a1350(c1307) Death Edw.I (Hrl 2253)37 : Oure kyng hede take on honde..to wenden in-to þe holy londe.
- a1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)19 : Þe webbes ant þe fullaris..token Peter Conyng huere kyng to calle.
- a1350 In a fryht (Hrl 2253)23 : Y take an hond to holde þat y hore of al þat y þe haue byhyht.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2385 : That on the plogh hath undertake..That other tok to studie and muse.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12029 : Þan tok ioseph iesus to ledde, Maria and þai ham-ward yede.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)104/14 : Coueitous preestis..han take vndirhonde to speke þe feendis langage, to disseyue Goddis peple.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.177 : I toke nat on me þis story to translate.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3028 : He takeþ on hym to seyn what schal be-falle.
- c1429 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)365 : Wham the feend to tempt on him dorst noght take onne, The womman, baldere then he, durst make hire husband fonn.
- (a1430) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.125180 : The sayd four arbitruros..tuke apon tham to trete in this mater indifferently.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)323 : The childe hase taken hym till For to wende hame.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)42/11 : Some myghti man loued a ientil womman, that his wif tooke to hire for to make wacche on hire housbonde.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)284/29 : How durste þou take on hand to chalange me becauce I mekend me befor þe bedels..of allmighti God?
- c1460 Oseney Reg.54/30 : I toke in my hande for me and my heyres to warantiȝe to þe same chanons þat tenement.
- a1475(a1400) Man ȝyf þat (Hrl 3954)345 : Saule, you takyst on ye to mekyl For to wyncyn aȝen ye prekyl.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)119/4350 : Y shal..be vengyd vpon þe..þat al men shul lerne by þe þat no man presume ne take vpon hym to brynge a kyngis sonne into erroure.
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton)f.71rb : Dauid was old and feble and .. ordeyned that his sone Salomon shold regne and be kynge after hym, how be it that Adonyas hys sone toke on hym to be kynge duryng dauids lyf.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)410 : Þus shal ech cristenman do, be he herde, be he sheep; but ȝif he take to be herde, he shulde passe in witty suyng.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)59/23 : Ye take in custome to blaspheme the name of Hym to whom all the worlde ought to bowe their kne.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)86/14 : Men that were feble of witte..toke in custome to wourship and pray to the ydoles.
- ?a1500(c1442) Paston2.9 : It leke yowe..to take yowe so nyȝe to go thorough wyth hym.
- c1525 Rule & T.St.Francis(2) (Fst D.4)74 : Who so euer be so hardy to doo or presume and take in hande or in suche wise to do, he shalle knowe..that therby he fallith..in to the grete indignatioun of Almyghty God.
d
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)928 : Nov god helpe al-holi churche and take þar-to gome.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)14.259/7 : A douhtur he hedde þat he bi tauhte To his frendes..And bad þei schulde take to hire entente.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3672 : Thei that token of him kep, His chamberleins, be sone there And maden redi al his gere.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)71b/a : Þanne he [husband]..takeþ þe charge and kepinge of here [wife].
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)5729 : Moyses þat time tok kepe To his elde fadris schepe.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)20.74 : He..took two pans to þe hosteler to take kepe to hym.
- (1408) Will in Bk.Lond.E.214/9 : That he take ful Charge & ful ministracion of al my godys, In whos handys & kepyng wher they been.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5496 : Þer dide apere..An holy angel to Ioseph..And bad hym ryse & also taken kep Vn-to þe childe.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2405 : She hath after sent For..deyntees..Makyng her wymmen ek to taken kep And wayt on hym anyghtes whan he slep.
- a1425 Shrewsbury Frag.(Shrw 6)6/49 : Gode wyne schal vs wont non, For þerto schal I take entent.
- c1432 Bishop Notes in PMLA 49 (Cmb Dd.14.2)458 : Officeres of þe kyng were ordeyned to take kepe vp on hem.
- (1442) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23251 : To leve the said cloyster and take on you the charge of this cure.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)45.698 : I Charge the..Of Celydoyne and hym thou take good Garde.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)2509 : Of the contree he taketh grete garde.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)464 : Jupiter took of hym cure At the prayer of Venus.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)245/13 : He commaunded sir Launcelot and sir Bors to take kepe unto their fadyrs landys.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)171/82 : Awake good wyff..and of ȝour childe takyght good kepe.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)366/304 : Of this body taketh cure.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)91a/b : Þat leche took hede to þat child ten daies, but ȝit was neiþir þe blood staunchid ne akynge acesid, and þe child was nyȝ brouȝt vnto his deeþ.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)158 : Syr Gy..toke of hym gode kepe; The hed..he smot of.
- ?a1500(?a1475) Abbot & C.(Hrl 2380)22 : He taught þe chylder for to thryve, And to þam toke he so gud tente þat wit and wyrscype was þam to Bywe.
e
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3360 : Þei ne tok non hede to reule hem of non array.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2561 : Whan that euery wight hath his part, they ne wollen take but litel reward to venge thy deeth.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)44/5 : Oon of tisilies clerkis..took hede [L intendebat] to heele alle woundis generaliche.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1540 : Bot to take þe toruayle to my-self to trwluf expoun..Hit were a fole fele-folde.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1048 : Tho wep she many a teere, Whan that she saugh his wyde wowndes blede, And that she took, to kepen hym, good hede.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)360 : A priores..beres þe charch of a hird-man; And als a graue bihoues hir be, Þat cure hase tayn to kepe hir fe.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)2658 : Seven clerkys were in Rome And holpen for to take game [read: gome]..That the cite were lokyd aryght.
- c1450(c1370) Chaucer Pity (Benson-Robinson)82 : But ye the rather take cure To breke that perilouse alliaunce, Ye sleen hem.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)5b : Take non reuward to mak hym fat.
- (a1452) Doc.in Kingsford EHist.Lit.(CotR 2.23)363 : Straungers take but litell reward to bye oure Inglisshe clothe, but make hit theym selff.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)941/22 : He ys as we be, but if he take the more payne uppon hym.
- (?1471) Stonor1.116 : Þey bothe..prey you..ye wole take þe laboure as to come hider to speke with my seid lord and lady.
- a1475(c1450) Shirley SSecr.(Add 5467)255/7 : Nature souffised not in hym to take the peyn of laboure.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)471/6 : I mervaile that ye take none hede to do hit.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)51/34 : He ought to make peas, what labour that euer he takith therfor.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)173/9 : A wyse man wolde take peyne to gete the leste fauour of the reliques of wysedom.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)63/16 : Take entent to loue hem þat er to be louyd.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)4500 : If ye will take the payn me for to plese, I shall..make yow right wele At ease.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)602 : Thei toke no rewarde to sle the pore saisnes, but turned..thider as thei saugh the richeste apparence.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1140 : He that wolde haue it, he shal be fayne To do it make, or take him-self the payne.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)16/28 : Wherfor me semith thou shuldist take litill hede to lyve, seeng that thy cuntre perischith afore thyn yghen.
f
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5506 : Alle þat þey take now to frest, Þerof shal God take a quest.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8913 : Ne quest take of endytement yn holy cherche, oþer ȝerde purseynt.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.172 : A quest þan wild he take of þe monke þat bare þe coroune.
- (1423) Pet.Sutton in Fenland NQ 7308 : Processe of the said assize was prively takyn ayenst the said tenaunts.
- (1425) RParl.4.298a : Yat my said Lordes..nevere hereafter tak cause..yat oon ayens yat oyer.
- (1430-31) RParl.4.376a : In the Courtes, wher as any ple is or shal be hangyng, taken or meved, [etc.].
- (1435) RParl.4.487a : That alle suche persones seisid of Maners, Londes..Rentis..or ony othir Possessions Temporel..appere afor the seide Commissioners..there to be examined..And..that thanne it shall bee lefull to the seide Commissioners..to resceive and take examination of the seide persones, so beyng in Prison or beyonde the See, by their Attourne or Depute.
- (c1438) *Proc.Chanc.PRO ser.C 1 file 9no.264 : Harry..and one Nicoll..comen to Bedford and there afore..one John Boteler, pretendyng hym that tyme clerk to take knowleches.
- (c1440) Doc.Bridg.Corp.in Som.RS 5743 : And ye will make a sewte..ye most take hit up on usse, that sette yow the ferme, and not upon hem that paie yow yowr ferme.
- (1443) Doc.Trade in BRS 777 : The feliship..hav take an accion ayenst þe seid Richard May.
- (1443) Doc.Trade in BRS 777 : They toke a newe accion upon þe seid Richard.
- (1448) Shillingford68 : Y coude never knowe..that we ever toke a sute ayenst tham, but ever stonde yn defence.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)207/23 : His childre tuke a sute agayn þis bisshop.
- (1455) RParl.FA (Walbran)58 : Please it..to graunte..that the same abbot and his successours, ayenst whome eny querele or playnte are, or..shall hap to be..taken..shall mowe wage theire lawe be their attourney or attourneys.
- (1459) Doc.Oxf.in OHS 70244 : Diuerse dissenciouns..haue be late had and meved..for the priuileges that the said Chaunceller, Scolers..and other..clayme to haue in any plee or accione meved or takene by theym or ageyn eny of theym in the Kinges Court.
- (1460) RParl.5.388a : That the seid Isabell is Doghter and heir to hym..as by Inquisitions tane uppon ychone of the same Wyrtes retournyd in your Chauncerie it more pleynly appereth of record.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.4b : That youre severall Commissions be sent into every Shire..yevyng theym in commaundement..to..enquere and take knowelech..of the seid value of the seid issues.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.5a : After suche serches, enquerres, and knoweleche taken and had, the seid Commissioners, [etc.].
- (1475) Doc.Finchale in Sur.Soc.638 : Henry Gillowe..hath takyn an accion of me and my brethir..for tyende cole of our coal minez.
- c1450(?a1400) Chestre Launfal (Clg A.2)789 : All þey seyde..Þat knewe þe maners of þe Quene, And þe queste toke, Þe Quene bar los of swych a word Þat sche louede lemmannes without her lord.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)543 : Þer was whylom a gret hounde, Whyche toke a quarell by hatefull violence Agayns a shepe simple of innocence, Whyche stood alone..Constreynyd by force to apere afore a iuge.
- -?-(1435) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.313 : Than the maistris to take it [suit or accusation] into her hand, & thei dueli..to examine it & redresse it riȝtwysli..for bothe parties.
38.
(a) To make use of (sth.), utilize, employ; enjoy the use of (sth.), have (sth.) at one's disposal;—also refl.; enjoy (the company of women), have resort to; gram. employ (a noun with a preposition), use; also, in partitive construction with of phrase: employ some of (certain specified medicines) [quot. a1450 Treat.Horses]; ~ for, use (a specified word) to mean (sth. different); ~ in-to use(s, put (sth.) to use, use (sth.); ~ speche on honde, use (one's) faculty of speech, use (one's) voice; ~ to ende, put (sth.) to a use; ~ tonge, use (one's) tongue; with adv.: ~ to, make use of (sth.) [transl. of L assumere]; with prep.: ~ to, utilize (sth.) in (a medicine); also, utilize (land) for (pasture); (b) to spend (time, a period of time), take (a period of time before doing sth.); also, refl. with inf.: take (time to do sth.); ~ lif, spend (one's) life; ben taken to the ende, of a day: be ended, come to an end; (c) with adv. in phrase: haven peni redi to ~ to, to have ready money, have money available for use; (d) in phrases: ~ cast, with inf.: to take (one's) opportunity (to do sth.), take occasion (to do sth.); ~ occasioun for (of), take the opportunity for (sth., doing sth.); (e) to observe (a day for feasts), keep.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1362 : He..het him in eche stude opon is lond j-novȝ of his take, to spene to him and alle his.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.30.16 : Þe money..þou schalt take in to þe vses of þe tabernacle of wittnessynng.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.23.31 : Lo, I to þe prophetis, seiþ þe lord, þat taken to [WB(2): taken; L adsumunt] þer tungis & seyn, 'þe lord seiþ.'
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3976 : Thries on the water ther Sche gaspeth with a drecchinge onde, And tho sche tok hir speche on honde; Ferst sche began to clepe and calle.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.445 : What eyleth yow..Is it for ye wolde haue my queynte allone? Wy, taak it al!
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)2445 : To pasture commune þai tok [Vsp: laght; Frf: made] þe land.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)21.94 : My londe and my lycame at ȝoure lykynge takeþ hit, And haue mercy on me.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)119/18 : Whan þe mynde is ocupied wiþ any bodely þing, be it taken to neuer so good an eende, ȝit þou arte bineþe þi-self in þis worching.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)357/5439 : Yle is þe pyth of a thynge, & þarefore yle is sumtym takyn for þe renys, for owt of þe renys comys pryncipaly þe pyth.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)13b/a : Homoplata, i. shuldrebone, Spatula, i. spalde, Humerus, i. shuldre, is take for one same þing as nowe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)60a/a : Þe wombe maie be lickende oþere taken for two þingis..but as at þis tyme it is taken for þe stomake.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)157a/a : Ȝif þou..se þe wounde wexe rede..þou moste chaunge þi medicyne and take a colde medicyne.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)195b/b : Iuniperus þe fruyt is take to medycynes hote & drye in þrid gree.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)406 : To euery feest and euery oþere special purpos þe chirche takiþ suche psalmys as him þouȝte moost maken mensioun in þe lettir þerto.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1037 : Pryde..And breþyryn all, take ȝe ȝour tol.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)101/215 : But þat hors be holpe in tyme þat mangew wol turne in-to a foule schabbe; þerfore tak of þese medicynes þat folueþ.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)129/26 : Þis herbe schwld be take to alle maner medecines.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.4.3b : Othir men..han þis knowynge and turne hit in to.. ȝernyng of worldy statis, wurschipes, & richesses, nouht mekely taken hit in preising of god.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)72b/a : If þe cause be hoot þanne þou muste worche with colde þingis..aȝenward If þe cause be cold, þanne þou muste take hote medicyns.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)51/12 : Sum man vsiþ..sum kyndis of þe..godis..or ellis he takiþ into vse alle kyndis of hem.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)350/6 : The felauship of wommen is good, to take it temperatlye.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)3656 : This emperour fonde furst..'x' lettre..in stude of whiche bifor amys 'cs' men teken wyterly.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)115/15 : Bycause we haue no olyf þat beren grene leues, we taken vs ynstede of hit palmys whyt.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1119 : Of Sol and Lune..or Mercurie allone..ye most take a parte Oon tyme or othir to ministre þis arte.
- a1500 Add.37075 Formula (Add 37075)145/213 : Wher þe supyn fayleth, I shall take þis nown 'locus' wt þis preposicion 'ad'.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)21a/13 : To opyn it [wound], take a medecyne of whet mele and hony and water sothen to gydyr to þe ende.
b
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)585 : Ȝet oþer þer werne þat toke more tom, Þat swange and swat for long ȝore.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)687 : The ryȝtwys man..Aproche he schal þat proper pyle, Þat takez not her lyf in vayne Ne glauerez her nieȝbor wyth no gyle.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)130/7 : Ȝif þou schalt late any soche men see it [this book], þen I preie þee þat þou bid hem take hem tyme to loke it al ouer.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)73 : Ylke a lorde sulde lenge..To the tende day fully ware takyn to þe ende.
- c1450(c1393) Chaucer Scog.(Benson-Robinson)42 : But al shal passe that men prose or ryme; Take every man hys turn, as for his tyme.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5917 : If a stoone..shulde fro heuene falle..It bihoueþ to take seuene ȝere Or þat it come to grounde here.
c
- a1500 Man vpon mold (BodPoet e.1)4 : I warn vtterly þou getyst no degre, Ne no worshyp abyd with þe, but þou haue þe peny redy to tak to.
d
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)455 : Fro them he wente into a waste; To reste hym there he toke hys caste.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.239 : Þey takyn mest occasioun of vnkyndenesse and for despysyn[g] hym.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Esth.9.21 : Þe fourtenþe & þe fiftenþe dai of þe moneþ adar þei shulden taken for festis.
39a.
(a) To begin to utter (cursing, prayer, wailing, etc.), take up, commence; ~ parable, take up a speech or discourse, begin to speak; ~ parable ayen (on), take up a taunt against (sb.); ~ the langage, begin to talk; also, with adverbs: ~ to, take up (praise, lamentation, etc.) [transl. of L assumere]; ~ up a laughinge (laughter), begin to laugh; ~ up song, begin to sing; (b) to take up (another matter in a narrative), begin to treat; also, take up (a theme in preaching or teaching); resume (where one left off in a narrative), start afresh.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.23.18 : He, taked to his parable [WB(2): whanne his parable was takun; L adsumpta parabola], seiþ, [etc.].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 27.1 : Job addide, takinge his parable, & seiþ, [etc.].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.14.4 : Þou shalt take [L sumes] þis parable aȝen þe king of babiloyne & seyn, [etc.].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.29.22 : He shal smyten hem in ȝoure eȝen, & þer shal ben taken of hem cursing to al þe transmygracioun of Jude.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mic.2.4 : In that daye a parable shal be taken on ȝou, and a songe shal be sungen with swetnesse of men.
- c1390 Psalt.Mariae(1) (Vrn)1089 : We han taken vp þe song Of Iubilacion.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)131/15 : The Kyng his hondes lifte vp an hye and a grete laughter toke op.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.19.1 : Thou, sone of man, take to thee weilynge [WB(2): take weiling] vpon the princis of Israel.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.32.2 : Sone of man, tak to a lamentacioun [WB(2): take weilyng; L assume lamentum] vpon Pharao..and thou shalt seye to hym, [etc.].
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Jer.7.16 : Therfor nyl thou preie for this puple, nether take thou [WB(1): take thou to; L adsumas] heriyng and preier for hem.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)42/3 : Brice toke up a gret laughinge and seint Martin perseiued it.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)175/12 : He that was in harneys tooke the langage and began to answere alle on high with angry hert.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.64 : The birdis everichone Tuke vp an othir sang full loud and clere.
b
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)60/7 : Hou wel Cristes techinge acordeþ wiþ his doinge..he..tok þe same teme þat Iohn tok.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)34/34 : Leue we now þis forbisne þat soþ may not be, & take we to þese þingis þat nedely mut falle.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)330 : Now þis tale leve we here, And take anoþer matere.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)747 : Now turne to our tale, take þere we lefte.
39b.
(a) To speak to (sb. or sth.), address; also, with adv.: ~ on, rage, rant and rave, carry on verbally; (b) to assert (sth.), claim, maintain, declare; with that clause: assert (that sth. is so); assure (sb. that sth. is so); ~ in (on) honde, durren ~ on honde, say; say (sth., that sth. shall occur), daresay;—chiefly in parenthetical expressions; with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ to, claim for (oneself knowledge of Scripture); ~ upon him, with that clause: maintain (that sth. is so); (c) to swear (an oath as legal proof of one's innocence or as to the truth of one's statement); take (an oath of office, the oath of knighthood); swear (sth. by one's soul); with inf. or that clause: swear (an oath to do sth., that one will do sth.); with adv.: ~ up, pledge (troth), swear (an oath); (d) to treat (of sth. in a written work), discuss in a text; describe (sth. in a book), relate; also, mention (sb. by name in one's confession, identify); ~ biginninge at (of), begin a narrative with (an account of the creator of the world); ~ in teme, give an account of (sth. in a text); ~ til, add (reasons) to (other reasons in a discourse or treatise); (e) to render (a verdict), deliver, return; (f) to advocate (doctrines or religious laws), promulgate; profess (the Ten Commandments); endorse (insufficient rules); ben taken of, of a dictum or doctrine: be applied to (sb.); (g) ~ in-to (to), to translate (a story) into (another language).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)219/175 : Þo a ros up ure lord and tok þane wynd and to [read: þo] see, and al so raþe hit was stille.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13903 : An oþer tyme god hath hym tone and told vnto hym eft his toyȝt.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)15973 : He toke þe angell on þe morne and sayd, 'sun, tell me..Of what kynred þis chyld was born.'
- (1472) Paston1.582 : My modyr wepyth and takyth on meruaylously, for she seythe she wotyth well it shall neuer be pledgyd ought.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)7.129 : Parlypomynon, þat is, þe boke of þe old instrument, recapytulatour, word bregger, is sych & so mych þat who so euer with outen it wyll prowdly take [L arrogare] to hym cunnyng of scriptours.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3748 : Bot I dar take this on honde, If that sche hadde wynges tuo, Sche wolde have flowe unto him tho.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5497 : Þou, bayle, owest nat to take..Þat þy lordes prow be þe lasse.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)9780 : I dar wel toke on hand That ye loue feire Lucidas.
- ?a1425 My dere sone wher (Lamb 491)79 : My childryn, y take hit on honde, He is þe merveilest best þat is in eny londe.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)830 : He shalle haue, I take in hande, Of Lumbardis milis twenti thousande And foure score..or he come thore.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)76/10 : Ser Henry toke hym that he had goode title.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.223 : Why tellyst þu myn ryȝthfulnessys and takyst my testament & my lawe be þy mouth?
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)128/2 : [Nwb: And fro the tyme forth þer was no man] that wold take vpon him that thei had any souereyne power aftir that thei vndirstoode any parte of the Deite.
- a1500 Degrev.(Cmb Ff.1.6)913 : I take on hand Þat I shal do þyn errand.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2851 : Sche toke a rial ymage..And made hym lowly þer-on to take his othe Vn-to his laste..Þat he hir schulde take vn-to his wife.
- (1422) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.143/77 : The Shreves..shold not riden vp-on horsbak to Westmynster to take her charge, bot only to ride in barges with her Craftes.
- (c1437) Paston2.513 : Youre..pore bisecher wol nat assent that he schulde take his otthe, laste he wol suere that he haue nat here euidences.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)44/2 : Þe ankyr of þe Frer Prechowrys in Lenn..toke it on charge of hys sowle þat hir felyngys wer good & sekyr.
- a1450 Lond.Chron.Hrl.3775 (Hrl 3775)295 : After that he hadde..toke his othe at Westm., he felle in to tempse as he wold have esed hym self.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)760 : Þan set þai þam slike a day..to fiȝt, And þar-to tuke vp þaire trouthis.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)346/19 : Þe Counstable of þe Tour..yaff þe Maire and þe Scherevez her othe and charge as þay scholde haue take yn the Chequer.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)76/11 : Ser Henry..toke itt vpon perell of his saule.
- (1457) LRed Bk.Bristol2.185 : Hit is ordeigned..that all men of the seid craft..chese theym a Maistur..there to take his othe by the Mayre is ordenaunce..to enserche in the craft euery weke oons.
- (1462) Paston2.279 : He knoythe veryly he seyd vntrewly of you and of my master your son bothe, and ther-on he wold a take a hothe.
- (1463-4) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.29 : Paid to certeyn of the felaship that wolde not dyne with the Mayre the day that he toke his charge, ij s. iiij d.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)153 : Sondry persones..Shold nat presume..Thouh that he had strenghe & hardynesse, To take vpon hym..The sacrament of knyhtly dygnyte.
- -?-(1435) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.309 : Thei to be presentid & to take her charge withinne x daies aftir the chesinge.
d
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)56/19 : Ich wylle a lite take of þe zennes þet byeþ y-do ine þe tauerne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)269 : Now o þis proloug wil we..In crist nam our bok be-gin..Tak we our biginning þan Of [Trin-C: At] him þat al þis werld bigan.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)944 : Bot þe nwe [Jerusalem]..Þe apostel in Apocalyppce in theme con take.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1833 : Of twa of þere four byfore I spake; Now wil I other twa til þam take.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2)1442 : Ȝef þe synne syche be Þat he ne may hys schryfte telle But he take hyre in hys spelle, Þen he may þe name mynge.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)19b/3 : I ȝit will make A booke in which I will take by þe grace of god a full lore þat fallithe to þe instrument of Surgery.
e
- (1405) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.36 : The forsaide Baillies..shul graunte to the forsaid sir Roger that thei shul pursue as moche as in hem is..to the kynges concell..for the trauers of an office þat was fonden and taken a forn John of Stauerton.
- (1444) Paston2.24 : I sende yow a copie of a verdite take before my Maister..bi vertu of a writ diem clausit extremum.
- (1444) RParl.5.117b : If any man traverse any Office take byfore any Eschetour..no protection be allowyd nor alowable.
- (1475) RParl.6.148a : Dyvers Offices and Inquisitions dayly been founden and taken.
f
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1051 : Þow takest newe lawes þat wer notht vsid bi our dawes.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.77 : But this word is noght take of euery wight But ther as god list yeue it of his myght.
- a1450(c1409) Man haue hit (Dgb 102)83 : Thow may not knowe a cristen man Þouȝ þou here hym say his crede; Þe ten comaundementis tan, And speke, and do not þe dede.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)145/19 : Wherto schulde þe sufficient be lefte and þe vnsufficient be taken, nameli in a purpos so necessarye?
g
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prol.Esth.(Bod 959)13 : Þat ȝee mown knowen me..þe ebrue storie to han taken [L tradidisse] to latyn tunge.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)25 : Now of a geste that was sum tyme, That was radde in frensh ryme, A clerk itt in to latyn tooke.
39c.
(a) Refl. with adv.: ~ togeder, to deliberate together, confer; ~ togeder in (on) honde, with what clause: discuss (what would be best to do), deliberate; (b) ~ bitwene hem, to decide among themselves.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)60 : Eorles and barouns sone anon Tok heom togedre euerychon; Wiþoutyn any more dwellyng Heo maden Moyne lord and kyng.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)132 : Alle þe barouns..Tokyn heom togedre on [vr. in] honde What heom weore best to done.
b
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)799 : Grete lordes toke hem be-twene That þey wolde exyle þe qwene.
40.
(a) To invoke (a name, esp. the name of God), use; ~ amis, ~ in (on) idel, ~ in idelshipe (vein, etc.), use (God's name) idly or profanely, take (God's name) in vain; ~ on him the name of crist, call himself a Christian; ~ upon him the name of a philosophre, claim to be a philosopher; (b) ~ in-to testimonie, to call (one's death) to witness, swear by (one's death); ~ til (to) witnesse, ~ to (unto) borgh, ~ to (unto) recorde, ~ to warant (witnessinge), take (God, a saint, Holy Scripture, etc.) as (one's) witness, call to witness; also, with that clause: ~ to recorde that, call (sb.) to witness that (sth. is the case); also, in asseveration: to ~ this thing upon min soule, to take this upon my soul; (c) ~ recorde at (of), to call (Jesus, the sun, moon, heaven) to witness; also, cite (Jesus) as proof [quot. c1400(c1378)]; ~ recorde on, cite the case of (a nation) as proof; ~ witnesse, call someone to witness; also, call (earth and heaven) to witness; ~ witnesse bi (of), call (sb. or sth.) to witness; also, cite the case of (sb.) as proof; also, with that clause: call (God) to witness (that sth. is the case), swear by (God that sth. is so); (d) to use or cite (a text or portion of a text), quote from; quote (another's words), borrow (someone else's words); relate (sth. out of a book); also, elicit (information or facts from another's writings), witness (sth. by reference to a Biblical author or text); set forth (a medicinal recipe from some source); also, draw (what one writes from reason or experience); draw (matter for a text from someone or someone's life); ~ tenour in, draw the tenor of one's text from (another writer or text); (e) to use or cite (a reason or ground) in supporting an argument; (f) ~ partie to, to refer one's cause to (Caesar); ~ to partie, invoke (Caesar) for one's cause.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3497 : Tac ðu nogt in idel min name.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)89/91 : Honury þou schelt enne god..Take nauȝt hys name in ydelschepe.
- c1390 Form Conf.(1) (Vrn)343 : He biddeþ me to take nouȝt his nome in veyn.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.642 : The seconde heste of hym is this: Take nat my name in ydel or amys.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.596 : Euery man that..taketh on hym the name of Crist to be called a cristene man and lyueth agayns Cristes..techynge..they taken goddes name in ydel.
- a1400 ME Verse in Anglia 92p.58 : Ne saltou nout his nome on idel taken.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.7.127 : A man..had taken upon hym falsly the name of a philosophre.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)18/17 : Thyne goddes name in vayne not take, Nothyr for wele ne for woo.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)55/5 : The highe name of God ought not to be taken in veyne.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.221 : Ȝif it be so þat we..lyuyn nout as cristene folc..þan take we Godis name in veyn.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)10/133 : I schulde not haue take þin name in ydilnes, ne in falsheed.
b
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4200 : To witnesse god ich take, þat aȝen my wille it was.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2658 : Our Lord y take to waraunt, Þi child worþ þe noblest man Of al þis world.
- (a1333) Herebert Þou wommon (Add 46919)25 : Ich take to wytnessinge Þe spere and þe crounynge, Þe nayles and þe rode.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.960 : Bot I dar take god to borwe..Non other wise necgligent..have I noght be.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4653 : Seynt Ysodre, y take to wyttnes, For he hyt seyþ, þat soþe hyt es.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17496 : Þat soth it es We tak drightin til vr wittnes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1119 : Þe goddis inmortal..Vn-to recorde with al myn hert I take.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2914 : Alle his goddis he took vnto borowe, Ȝif þe Thebans and þe grekes mete, The fyn þerof shal be..vnswete.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)4687 : Al swich strif..Kalendys ben, I take his word to borowe.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7311 : I take youre silf to Recorde..That men ne may..Teren the wolf out of his hide Til he be slayn.
- (1447) Shillingford6 : God y take to recorde, y have done my due dilygent part therto.
- a1450(?c1350) Pride Life (ChrC-Dub)226 : Dowte of Dethis maistri..Holy writ and prophecye Þerof I take to borowe.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)1242 : Vppon my Sowle to taaken this thing, but jn alle my lyf..herde j nevere of swich thing spoken ore.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1198/17 : I take God to recorde, I never was wrothe nor gretly hevy wyth no good knyght.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.393 : This pope..hade mony adversaryes..whiche hade ordeynede to have brente his werkes after his dethe, but that Petre his diacon affermede theym to be made by the instinccion of the Holy Goste, takenge his dethe in to testimony.
- a1500(1442) Let.Marg.Anjou in Camd.86 (Add 46846)82 : To the which, I take God to record, I shall, with all myn herte, entende.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)214/9 : I take God to recorde that the symplest of the realme may right wele iuge it.
c
- ?a1300 Thrush & N.(Dgb 86)70 : I take witnesse of adam..Þat fonde hem wycle [read: wycke] and ille.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)4123 : Erðe and heuene he wittnesse tooc, And wrot an canticle on ðat booc.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.715 : This witnesse I take of god, that my corage Hath ben mor siek than my visage.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)245a/a : The maystre in his storye..takeþ witnesse of Iosephus, and seith that Cambinok haþ þis singuler vertue þat he gendrith fuyre of it selue.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.85 : Aȝeine ȝowre reule..I take recorde at [vr. of] Ihesus, Þat seide to his disciples, 'ne sitis personarum acceptores.'
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1844 : Þus pleynde he hym & toke witnes fast Þat raysed no debate; Þe child at þat worde ded fell doun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4526 : Þe verray rote and..cause Of al meschef..In euery lond is dissencioun..Recorde I take on Troye.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1036 : O Fortune..þou sparest no degre, For..Miȝti kynges..þou canst pulle doun; I take witnesse of Agamenoun, Þat was so noble & myȝti in his lyve.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)286 : Humble speche wiþ glad contenaunce May a prynce..mor avaunce Among his puple..I Take record of kyng Amphyoun.
- c1450(?a1405) Lydg.CBK (Frf 16)330 : I take recorde of Palamides..That euer loved, and of hys peyne no relese.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)3377 : Record I take off alle wyse, Yt outhe ynowgh to yow suffyse.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.232 : He wil þat we takyn in swerynge no witnesse, but only of hym.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)57 : Y take recorde..of the sonne and þe moone and þe hevene that y can fynde non occasyoun why thys man schuld be put to deth.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)88/542 : I take wyttnis by þe bokus þat I wrote and allso of þe juis þat..I to þem hit told many ȝeryse passyd.
d
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.373 : Theofrastus..desputeþ clereliche of þe tene and angwische of wedded folk; Ieronimus takeþ moche of þat book aȝenst Iovinianus.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9515 : Rest a littel her will i, A sample for to tell..þat i tok Vte of sent Robert bok.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)85 : Of suchon shulde ȝe matere take, ȝe crafty þat con rymes make.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)38b/a : Put aboue..collirium album in which is not opium..þe fourme of which..is taken of þe booke of damascenez.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)928 : In thyn Eneyde and Naso wol I take The tenor, and the grete effectes make.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)204 : Eer þou madist man þou madist aungels..mo þan xij legiouns, as may be takun out of mathew þe xxvje chapiter, and manye mo, as may be takun danyelis vije chapiter..and psalme lxxije.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)206 : If he schal falle into actual synne..he may be clensid..bi repentaunce..or schrifte þerof..as may be takun ij petri iije chapiter..James ve chapiter.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)9/15 : And þat ech doctoure writyng eny book of dyuynyte takiþ al þat he writiþ bi doom of resoun or bi experience of sensual witt.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)167/13 : Þe same wordis of crist which þou tokist to founde þi party founden þe contrarye of þi partye.
e
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)24/9-10 : For þe same purpos y take þe same ground which y tooke bifore.
f
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)1580 : When Pilate herd þair gret envy þat to Cesare toke party [vr. Þat þai toke cesar to party], þan he dred him mykell mare To lyuer him.
41.
To act; behave; refl. conduct oneself; with adverbs: ~ on (upon), act; behave;—also refl.; with prepositions: ~ ayen (ayenes), act against (sb., God), oppose; also, with prep. and refl.pron.: ~ upon him for, act on behalf of (sb.).
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5074 : Þa fulluht nulden vnder-fon, þe king heom letten fordon; Þa þis wes al idon, þa token [Otho: tocken] heo oðer weise on.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6483 : Þa comen to Lundenne al þis leodisce folc..to ræden heom of kinge, wulche weis heo mihten don & heu heo mihten taken on.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15314 : On alle wissen he toc him on swulc he weore a chepmon.
- c1300 SLeg.MPChr.(LdMisc 108)863 : Ore louerd heom drof wel stuyrneliche out of þe temple..'Min hous is þe stude of beden'..ore louerd seide, 'And nouȝt to bugge þar Jnne and sulle'..Þe giwes weren with him wel wroþe þat he tok on so, And seiden, 'ȝwat signe hastou..þat þou þus miȝt do?'
- c1300 SLeg.Pilate (Hrl 2277)211 : Þu schalt passi bi iugement, for þu toke on so.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)422 : Hou shal J take on wiþ myne amoure?
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)3.74 : For tok he on trewely, he tymbride not so heiȝe.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)181/18 : If he toke on amys aȝeyns him anoþer tyme, þat he wolde destroie him for euer-more.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5262 : I deme hym..wers þan wod, þat durste..preswme To take ageyn vs.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)94/1184 : Bote ȝe worche wysloker, or betre ȝou tan, Ector wol sle ows euerilkan.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.2827 : Whan Fortune gan ageyn hym take, His freendis olde of newe han hym forsake.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)15312 : For Englische mennes sake, Ageyn þe oughte we to take.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)19.84 : As A wood womman In this Gyse took sche vppon And euere Aftir hire lord gan to Crie.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)5200 : May not ye youre self see That yondre knight on the white stede Taketh on as a deuel in dede?
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)38/27 : Gretly he wraþþiþ God & aȝeyns hym takiþ þat wole not leue for soþ þat he to hym seiþ.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)76/15 : Indignacyoun..is whan þou hast dysdeyn of symple folk..& hareiously takyst on wyth hem.
- (1465) Paston1.331 : Yf my lord of Norffolk wolld take vppon hym for you..all the contray wyll a-wayte vppon hym and serue youre entent.
- a1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)287/269 : So queyntliche þey token on Þat noman wyste whedur þey were gon.
42.
(a) To build (sth.), construct, make; ~ ground(es, dig or construct the foundation of a building; (b) surg. to make (a stitch to close a wound); ~ pointe (stiche); (c) ~ of, to form (sb. or sth.) out of (a material); make (honey) from (grass, a kind of flower); (d) of God: to create (his means or material).
Associated quotations
a
- (1434) Indent.Fotheringhay in Med.Mason247 : He shall be payd..when he hath takyn his ground of the sayd kirke.
- (1442) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1387 : Masons toke the groundes.
- (1447-8) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1354 : The saide groundes be so take that the first stone lie in the myddel of the high auter.
- a1450 Of alle þe ioyus (Cmb Dd.11.89)144 : Euery senwe was borston a-twoo Er they myȝte the thridde hole take.
- (a1450) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1367 : Item, that the growndes in the southe side of the seid qwere be take largeur with owte the clere wall than thei schall be on the North side.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)27/137 : A wyndo shal thou make, on the syde a doore with slyght be-neyth shal thou take.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)31/272 : The top and the sayll both will I make, The helme and the castell also will I take.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)262/150 : Hald it [cross] now fast thor, And oone of you take the bore.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)264/196 : So felowse! looke now belyfe which of you can best dryfe, And I shall take the bore.
b
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)89a/b : Ȝif þu schalt take but one pointe oþer one sticche, take it euen a midwarde of þe wounde.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)89a/b : Þu most þen take þi stecche where þat þe wounde is deppest.
c
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.613 : The legges were al mad of Stiel; So were his feet also somdiel, And somdiel part to hem was take Of Erthe.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)19/5 : We aren taken of þe erþe & into þe erþe schul wende.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)41/32 : What so þe greesse is or þe flour, þe hony is swete þat þerof is taken.
d
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)335 : Godd..can timber make; For of him self he toke his euen þat he of wroght bath erth and heuen.
43.
(a) To arrange (a combat, treaty, truce); make (peace); make or establish (an agreement); also, accept (terms of surrender) [quot. 1449]; ~ fight, arrange for a combat, answer a challenge to fight, pledge to fight (for sb.); (b) to fix or appoint (a time for doing sth.); ~ dai, set a day (for doing sth.); ~ dai of accord (love), ~ love-dai, appoint a day for reconciliation; ~ daies, fix times for repayment of a sum; ~ parlemente, arrange for a meeting or consultation, arrange to hold a conference; (c) to assign (sb. to a charge).
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)865 : Þan was atvix hem take þe fiȝt & sett þe day a fourtenniȝt.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1107 : Thei feignen forto make a pes, And under that..Thei schopen the destruccioun..of the toun; And thus the false pees was take Of hem of Grece and undertake.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)8474 : It was seyde to the Emperoure..How ffight was taken hem be-twene.
- (1430) Proc.Privy C.4.74 : Þe counsail here cannot fele ..þat þe Kyng of Scottes is disposed to take treues generale by see and be lande with þe Kyng.
- (1449) RParl.5.150b : It is expressely ageyns the trieux and appointemente made and take betwix his Reames..and the Landes whiche the Duke of Burgoigne holdeth.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)8760 : Ye..Had wedded, and taken pees Betwix you and Sir Amalek.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)312/37 : Þer enmyes were full fayne to take pese and treuse with þem.
- (c1456) Paston2.166 : I hadde levest my sone..hadde it [piece of property]..And if ye take noon appoyntement with hym, þat þanne the Lord Vescy haue it.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1234/15 : God hath sente me..to gyff you warnyng that in no wyse ye do batayle..but that ye take a tretyse for a moneth-day.
- c1475(?c1451) Worcester Bk.Noblesse (Roy 18.B.22)34 : Undre the coloure of trewes..taken..and also divers treties taken, [etc.].
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1489 : I for hyr haue take the feyght.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1571 : She hathe no man in her nedys That for hyr lyfe dare take a fight.
- a1500 15c.Serm.Cycle(Hrl 2247:Powell)99/24 : When Criste was borne, then truse was take and perpetuall pees was made betwix God and man.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9072 : The Troiens to the tenttes tristy men send ffor a tru to be tan.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.266 : The Soudan toke a trewce wt kyng Richard For thre yere whole to bye all marchandise, And sell and passe saufly..To the sepulcre.
b
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.51 : Harald was fulle, a lone [read: loue] day he toke To here what þe barons þam boþe wild loke.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)14/26 : Þai token a day of loue and of accorde, and at þis day Menpris lete quelle his broþer þrouȝ tresoun.
- (1411) RParl.3.650a : Robert Tirwhit..dyd assemble greet noumbre of men armed..to lygge in awayte for..Lord the Roos, and there hym to harme..agayn the fourme of a Loveday taken bytwen the same parties by William Gascoigne.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)159/1330 : The parties ere withdrawen awaye, And taken there es anoþir daye, That the batelle sulde be.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)54/24 : When I schal tak tyme, I schal deme rygh[t]fulnes.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)248/23 : Þe emperour boute him [captured duke] ageyn for a grete summe, whech summe he swore treuly to pay..þe emperour..In þis mater..mad þe duke to take dayes and be bound.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)82 : Than toke they day till the quynsyne that the lady and hir frendes sholde come be-fore the kynge.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)556 : I haue take a parliament with the kynge..at the feste of seint Mary day in Septembre.
- a1500 Octav.(1) (Cmb Ff.2.38)118/776 : In Parys a monyth þe oost lay, For they had takyn a day Wyth the sowdon.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.4.27 : Eche shal knowe to what charge þei owyn to be takun [WB(2): boundun; L mancipari].
44.
(a) To calculate (a number of years), reckon (a date); with diminished force, in conjunction with another verb: take (a number and perform some operation or calculation with it); astrol. determine (the dominant planet for the year and month); (b) to measure (a distance, diameter, height), determine (an altitude, a degree) by calculation; (c) ~ aggregacioun, to add; ~ marke(s, ~ mesure(s, ~ met, take measurement(s, measure.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)16356-60 : Tacc þu fra þe ferþe staff Þe fowwerrtiȝ togeddre, & tacc þu þe þe fowwerrtiȝ & sett hemm bi þe sexe, & tacc þe sexe & fowwerrtiȝ, [etc.].
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)26087 : Saint berin..prechede goddes wordes bigan, Of cristes comyng þe date to ta: Sex vndreȝ thrittie and tuise tua.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)26815 : Þe yieres of criste for to be tane: Sex vndreȝ four score fife and ane.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.23.33 : Tak than the half of 8 and adde it to 48 that was his secunde altitude, and than hast thou 52.
- ?c1450(a1388) Wallingford Exafrenon (Dgb 67)187 : Greet arrours may fall abowte the takynge of the lorde of the yere and of the moneth, yf that itt be reklesly loked or takyn.
b
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)24/32 : Tak thanne by thy large compas the distaunce by twixe centre aryn & the closere of the signes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.944 : Who þat wold þe content of þe grounde Trewly acounten of þis place rounde, In þe theatre he most first entre, Takyng þe lyne þat kerueþ þoruȝ þe centre, By gemetrie..And treblid it, with þe sevenþe part, He fynde myȝt..Þe mesour hool of þe circumference, What lond also with-Inne þe..wal Contened was.
- a1450(?c1430) Lydg.DM(1) (Hnt EL 26.A.13)283 : Come forthe, maister..With instrumentis of astronomy To take the grees & hight of eueri sterre.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.3.11 : Whan thou hast set the degre of thy sonne upon as many almykanteras of height as was the altitude of the sonne taken by thy rule, ley over thi label upon the degre of the sonne.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.7.10 : Rekne than the quantite of tyme in the bordure bitwixe bothe prickes, and tak there thyn arch of the day.
c
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1257 : Of þat tre þei gan marke take.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)2387 : Þai toke þair mesures þan And kuttes it.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)254 : Euclyde toke mesours be craffte off Gemetrye.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.25.4 : The latitude of eny place in a regioun is..the space bytwixe the cenyth of hem that dwellen there and the equinoxiall cercle north or south, takyng the mesure in the meridional lyne.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)177/24 : How þou moste take þe mesure of heithe of walles.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)42/64 : Begynne Thy mesures and thy markis to take.
- c1450 Art Number.(Ashm 396)45/22 : Progressioun is of nombre after egalle excesse, fro oone or tweyne, take agregacioun.
- c1450 *Vegetius(1) (Dgb 233)p.516 : To take the redy mesure or mette of heiȝttes of walles & toures.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)93/698 : As þey toke þer markys to bylde þe place þat wose dystryid, they sawe a crose alle blody one þe erthe all blody.
45a.
To feel or exercise (care, concern, etc.);—in selected phrases: (a) ~ charge (kep), to be concerned, care; be careful, take care; ~ hed, be careful, beware; ~ no force, ~ no (manere) kep, be indifferent, be unconcerned; (b) in phrases followed by selected prepositions: ~ charge (reward) of, ~ red of (to), to be concerned about (sth.), be solicitous of (sb. or sth., oneself), have regard for; ~ gome (insight) of, be interested in (sb. or sth.), care about; ~ hed of (til, to), ~ reputacioun to, have a care for (sth.), be concerned about, be mindful of; also, beware of (sth.) [quot. c1330]; ~ litel hed of, be indifferent to (sth.), care little about [see also hed n.(2) 2.(a)]; ~ kep of (to), be concerned about (sth.), bother about [see also kep n. 2.(b)]; ~ tente to, be diligent in (sth.); take an interest in (sth.); (c) in phrases followed by inf. or hou, that, what, wher clause: ~ charge (kep) wher, to be concerned where (sb. goes); ~ gome that, be concerned that (sb. does sth.); ~ hed hou, care how (one does sth.); also, be careful how (one does sth.) [quot. a1450]; ~ hed that (what), care that (sb. does sth.), care what (sb. is); ~ kep, take care (to do sth.); ~ kep (tente) that, take care that (sb. does sth.); ~ kep what, beware what (one says); ~ litel reward, have no scruple (to do sth.); ~ no reward hou sore, be unconcerned how sorely (sth. grieves sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.179 : Every lond himself deceyveth And of desese his part receyveth, And yet ne take men no kepe.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2356 : He toke no maner kepe & þouȝt of no þing aftir.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)65/25 : I take no force though I have both theire hedis.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)191/2 : Be hit felle other towne, I take no kepe.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.1411 : Euer an ebbe cometh after a floode..take good kepe, And set neuer thy herte on good to deepe.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)900 : Yit Mynde..yow bethynke In what perell ye be now! Take hede!
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)36/424 : Noe: This is a grete flood, wife, take hede.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)32/151a : Curam rependere: kepe or to take charge.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)72/502 : Nu þe deorre drihtin are[a]w us, ant toc read of ure alde dusischipes.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)77/674 : Nim ȝeme of þiȝuheðe areow þi wlite, & tac read, seli wummon, of [Bod: to] þi seoluen.
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(LdMisc 108)440 : Þar-of he tok luyte gome.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of godde (Hrl 913)167 : Takiþ gode hede, men, to ȝur end.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11655 : Of softe awakiinge hii toke lute gome.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)3191 : Sir king, take hede þer to: Sir canados wil haue þi quen.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)929 : Tak hede to þin hondwerk and help now us tweyne!
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Tim.4.13 : Taak tent [L adtende] to redinge, to exortacioun or monestyng, and teching.
- c1390 Ihesu þi swetnes (Vrn)26 : As Modur of him I make mynde Þat bi-foren my burþe to me tok hede.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.151 : Take reward of thy value, that thow ne be to foul to thy self.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.173 : Sche [Nature]..techeth every lif Withoute lawe positif, Of which sche takth nomaner charge, Bot kepth hire lawes al at large.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6838 : This Faunus tok a gret insihte Of Eolen, that was so nyh.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)148b/b : Þise foules haueþ litil affeccioun & taken litil hede of his briddes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)287a/b : Þey taken gret charge of here comune profyte.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)85/5 : It nediþ þe to take kepe to alle þese þingis tofore seid.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)32 : Of other thyng toke he no kepe Nowther to by no selle.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)21966 : To þis vision kepe he tok.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)173 : Schall he nowþer take tent To justez ne to tournament, Bot in þe wilde wodde went.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)57/21 : A kyng schulde alway take hede till his laste ende.
- (1462-3) Paston1.116 : To whech letteris they nouther toke hede ner reputacion.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)215/3 : Aftir þe princes deth, it was left in þe kyngis tresory, and neuyr man tok kep þerto.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)106/23 : I take no forse of thy mercy now, for thou haste slayne with vilony my love.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)218/1 : Y toke kepe to thynges wych y was enclinet to.
c
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5665 : Þe gode man ne tok neuere gome þat me him so foule ssende.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)73/198 : Þey desireþ hem to wel fare in þis world, and þey takeþ noon hede what þey shul suffre on þat oþer.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.310 : Beth war, and taketh kepe what ye seye.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.321 : We loue no man that taketh kepe or charge Wher that we goon.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)661 : Lok..þat ȝee tak tent [Göt: entent] þat ȝee ne brek mi commament.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)28/4 : But as bihoueþ take good kepe þat we legge not oure harpe moist for lesinge of hure soun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6992 : I holde hym wood þat takeþ any kepe To done to hem any obseruaunce.
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)46/11 : Þei toke no rewarde how sore it greued þee þat piteuouse stripynge.
- c1425 Wycl.Concord.in Spec.43 (Roy 17.B.1)272 : It is not hard if he take keep..in his owne writyng to sette suche wordis in such an ordre.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)49/20-21 : I take non hede what a man hath ben, but I take hede what he wyl ben.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)127/18 : Þu takyst ful lytyl heede how þu seyst þi Mateynes & þi Seruyse.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)2.406 : This fish & lard & flicchis salt to kepe In iuste confeccioun now takith kepe.
- a1450(1411) Many man (Dgb 102)208 : God dede þe sende; Tak kep how þou it spende.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2326 : These devillis of this town takith but litill reward To sclee my body to have my good.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)3.3.49b : Good hied he took that noon of hem wer not I-lowsed of hire bondes.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)209/8 : Take kepe that thay Parcewe not that thou haste mestere of thar consaill.
45b.
To exercise (scrutiny), take (a look);—in selected phrases: ~ avisement, gaze, stare; ~ avisement of, inspect (sb. or sth.) closely [see also avisement n. 1.(b)]; ~ gome, watch, look on; ~ hed bakwardes, watch behind one's back; ~ kep, watch; ~ kep of (unto, upon), watch (sb. or sth.), see, focus the sight on; ~ respecte in-to, look into (the east); ~ reward of, take a look at (sb.).
Associated quotations
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2784 : As þis king vortiger & þis men toke gome, Tueye grete dragons out of þis stones come.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.156 : I abreide..And therof tok sche riht good kep And bad me nothing ben adrad.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.192 : I stonde, avisement to take, And loke upon hire faire face.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2398 : A man that waketh out of his sleep..may nat sodeynly wel taken keep Vpon a thyng.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)278b/a : He [mad dog] is gyleful..and biteþ hem [men] sore if þey take non heede bakward.
- a1400(?c1300) LFMass Bk.(Roy 17.B.17)267 : Take gode kepe vnto þo prest; when he him turnes, knoc on þi brest.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7197 : His faas stilli sco badd ta kepe, And band him quils he was on-slepe.
- (?a1430) Hoccl.Mir.Virg.(Hnt HM 744)32 : Our lady..byfore him he sy appeere, where-of the monk took good auisament.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)448 : Euene stylle he stent, And of hyr he took more auysement.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)17.158 : Tak kepe of this lawnce..And whanne this lawnce gynneth to blede Dropes of Blood..Thanne Aftir Sone scholen ȝe sen there Of the Merveilles that I Rehersed ȝowe Ere.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)36.177 : Thus beheld sche In hym..And ypocras of hire good Reward took tho.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)387/10 : He..toke gode avysement of the toun and of the grounde al about..And..went ayen vnto..þe King and tolde hym..how hym lykyd þe grounde.
- ?a1500(a1471) Brut-1461(2) (Lyell 34)46 : Thanne the said Beaufort took good auisement of the ground al aboute.
- 1534(?a1500) Cov.Pl.W.(CovCorp(1))3 : Ye grett astronemars now awake..And in-to the oreient reyspecte ye take.
45c.
In phrase: ~ hed, to have (expectation of sth.); with inf.: expect (to do sth.).
Associated quotations
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)2 : On to all men..I recomende my sympilnesse, praying hem of paciens in þe redyng þat þei take no hed at no crafty langage wher non is, but at þe good entent of þe maker.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)1/14 : Fair sonnes, take ye noon hede to haue any of myn heritage.
46.
(a) To practice (sth.), perform, execute, carry out; commit (sins, villainy); make (refusal, supplication); ~ a laughter, laugh; ~ bath, refl. take a bath; ~ disport, take (one's) amusement, amuse oneself; ~ ese, take (one's) rest, rest oneself; ~ kep, take precautions; ~ nap, take a nap; ~ recreacioun, relax, amuse oneself; also, of a nun: take a formal period of recreation; ~ respect (respite), take a respite, make a pause, hold off action; ~ reste (restinge), take (one's) rest, go to bed [see also rest(e n.(1) 1b.(c)]; also, fig. of anger: abate, quieten; ~ reste and ro, make a temporary pause, cease activity temporarily; ~ slep (slepinge), sleep, fall asleep; ~ tom, make a pause, wait;—also refl.; ~ treue, have respite; (b) ~ vengeaunce (wrak, wreche), to execute vengeance, take vengeance; (c) ~ kep to daies, to keep the observance of (holy days); (d) law ~ distresse, to take the legal action of seizing goods, chattels, etc. as satisfaction for arrearage, damages, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6492 : Þeȝȝ tokenn nihhtess resste þær I Beþþleæmess chesstre.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8209 : He and al her compeinie..þer token aise and rest.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)23/499 : Hit wil wel sone ben ido, But þou take kep þerto.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2236 : Þei þeder come, al wery for walked, and wold take here reste.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)4677 : Or Charlis tok oȝt myche kepe, Of frenschemen had he [Enfachoun] slawe an hepe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.8.3 : Þe whiche thyng whan he hadde spokyn, þe spirit of hem took reste, bi þe whiche þei bolnedyn aȝen hym.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.969 : No neer Atthenes wolde he go ne ryde, Ne take his ese fully half a day.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1390 : Arrayed was this god..As he was whan that Argus took his sleep.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)90 : Þe seueþe day he tok reste and ro.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1855 : My reste [vr. resting] wol I take; Now day is come, I may no lenger wake.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.319 : Wyf, go wher thee liste; Taak youre disport.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4259 : Þan behoueþ hym to lygge and swete, And take þe mery mornyng slepe.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)6317 : Þat niht he ȝede, and tok his rest [Vsp: yod..to rest].
- a1400 O Blissed god (Bod 850)69 : Grace nowe me grawnte my synnes to forsake, And fro hens..forward neuer them to take.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)60/7 : He [Christ]..tok..þe same maner liuinge in desert.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1433 : His officers lede The straunge knyghtes..to chambres of estat, Eche by hym-silf forto take his ese.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4005 : He slombred, and a nappe he toke, Tyll shame pitously hym shoke.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)31/10 : When sho sal be asoilid, sho sal cume in-til þe chapitir and take hir veine by-fore þabbesse.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)269/3430 : When he had etyn þis myes..he tuk a sclepe.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.3314 : Alas, he took non keepe..But slayn he was be tresoun of his wiff.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3400 : The kyng took a laghtre and wente his way.
- a1450 Rev.HWoman (Lngl 29)68/304 : Þay drew hyr in-to a grete blake watyr, and þat semed as cold as eny yse..And þer-in..kest hyr..and seyden, 'Take the this bath for þy sleuth and þi glotony.'
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17036 : Cytes and burghes both þei brent..þor was no trews to take þat tyde.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)155/9 : Be prayer of bisshoppis..he tuke respecte with hur furst for x..dayes.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)92/2733 : If so lo hit were to yowre plesere To graunt him here This poore request, he doth to yow present Withouten refuse tane of displesere, Him forto here In which ther nys but trowthe vnto yow ment.
- c1450 NPass.(Add 31042)46/466 : His discypylls..werene greued of wakynge; þay haued takyne grete slepynge.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)15/5 : Schew þi charite..whan þou takest in gardin with þi sistren bodily recreacioun commune.
- a1475 Ihesu was born (Brog 2.1)19 : Whene þey had made vp hyr offeryng..they lay a-downe & toke restyng.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)176/15 : Scenola [read: Sceuola]..aftir his gret occupacion and stodye wolde take [F prenoit] recreacion of dyuerse playes.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)166/23 : Lett hym take a gode slepe, for þat helpyth gretly.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)45.10 : Vacate & videte..Takistome and sees, for i am god.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)137 : Lord..Let me never take velony, And gef me of thy fode.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)313 : Þe bysshop balefully bere doun his eghen..Til he toke hym a tome and to þe toumbe lokyd.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)133/22 : It is spedful to þe to drawe þe to..outwarde workes & to take recreacion [L te recreare] in gode actiue occupacions.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10850 : Þerfore he þat can not as tite Answere, late him take respite, Þanne may he answere..Anoþer time.
b
- c1300 Evang.(Dlw 22)469 : Wel he wiste was þare no speche þouru þe laue of spusebreche, [B]ote hire þe domisman bi-teche, [S]one of hire to take wreche.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3556 : He hauen sineged and misdon; Let me taken wreche ðer-on.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.151 : Þe firste Amazones..took [L sumpserunt] wreche of hire housbondes deþ.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5488 : Beþ mercyable for ȝoure prow Þat God ne take veniaunce on ȝow.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1822-3 : Noe..praid to godd for þam alsua O þair saulus na vengeance ta þof þan was tene in þat quile.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5862 : Þus-gat wil he, þat his folk cum iornais thre In wildernes offrand to mak, þat suerd apon [Frf: on] hus tak na wrak.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27811 : For rightwisnes es him in, Riueli tas he wrak for [Glb: of] sin.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)1.117 : For þey were preestes..God..tok þe raþere veniaunce.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)1227 : God..Tok vengance on þis tresown.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)147/456 : Takis no venchans; þis Crist forebede.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)202 : God took wreche of Kaymes synne.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10040 : God..sent þe prophet Achyas to warn hym how he wold take wrake.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1021 : Of Cristis dethe thai toke veniaunce.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)340 : God is as redy to ȝyue mercy as he is redy to take veniaunce.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)462 : Crist..tauȝte his postlis to take no veniaunse.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.35.81a : Good right it is þat upon suche one be take vengeaunce be iugement.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)p.423 : Oreste toke vengianse for his fader dethe.
c
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gal.4.10 : Ȝe taken kepe to [WB(1): kepen; L observatis] daies and monethis and tymes and ȝeris.
d
- (1411) EEWills20/19 : Y wille þat Thomas Rawfe my seruaund haue ij Marces ȝhely durynge ys lyfe..takynge a distresse in defawte of payment.
- (a1430) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.125179 : Ayther crafte trubild other, and yerely tuke and held distresse of other.
- (1450) RParl.5.200b : They have noo maner Fee, Lordshipp, ne cause to take suche distres.
- (?1457) Stonor1.53 : John Mathew..told me that there had be certain persones at my place at Falley and have take a distresse, thre horses, of my tenauntes.
- (1459) LRed Bk.Bristol1.248 : Memorandum that..come to fore Philpp Meede, Maire of Bristowe, John Pester priour of Witham..hym complaynyng of a wrongfull distres takyn by John Jay..and Harry Chestour, late baillies of Bristowe..of certain tenauntz of the said Priour..ayenst the forme of a Composicion of olde tyme, [etc.].
- (1465) Paston1.301 : Yours seruauntys..toke a dystresse for the rent and ferm that was to pay, to the nombere of lxxvij nete.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.49a : That it bee leefull to the said Baillyfs..to take a sufficiaunt distresse uppon and in every of the said Burgagiez, Meses, and Tenementes, of the Goodes and Catelx of such persones..beyng in defaute of pavyng.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)418/34 : Yf the said rente..were behynde..hit shold be lawfull to the said abbesse..to entre in the seid College..to take distresses.
47a.
(a) To bring something about, cause; with inf.: cause (sb. to be seized); also, with adv. and inf. or that clause: ~ on, bring it about (to do sth., that sth. should happen); (b) to bring (sth.) about, effect (sth.); achieve (sth.); ~ biginninge, take beginning, originate, begin; of a river, spring: have its source, rise; of a bodily structure: begin (at or in a place in the body); of philosophers: take (their) intellectual beginnings (from others); ~ effect, produce an effect, have a result; also, be achieved or realized [quot. ?a1425]; law come into force, become operative; ~ ende, come to an end; achieve an outcome [quot. 1450]; also, be completed [quot. c1453]; ~ stede, have an effect (on sb.); (c) med. ben taken of, of swelling: to be caused by (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12959 : Heo heom bi-twenen heolden..heore runen hu heo mihten taken on þat þe scucke weore fordon.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1134 : Þou takest an Mannes sone myd cos to beo ynome.
- c1330 Le Freine (Auch)271 : He..þouȝt hou he miȝt take on to haue hir to his leman.
b
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3007 : Nature hath nat taken his bigynnyng Of no partie or of cantel of a thyng, But of a thyng that parfit is.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)474 : Ilke stryf..mowe sum ende take.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.607 : Charmes for woundes or maladie..if they taken any effect, it may be parauenture that god suffreth it.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.596 : Is non so litel welle spring Which ther ne takth his beginnyng..it geth Out of the See and in ayein.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12887 : Þe ald testament hir-wit nu slakes, And sua þe neu bigining takes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)29274 : On þam þis cursing stede first takes þat sustens or þam-selfen makes Fals trout gain cristen state.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)22268 : Squa salle cristen-dome take ende & alsqua of þe empire of rome.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.92 : The kyng knowynge of it, Y overcom it, so that the coempcioun ne was nat axid ne took effect.
- (1444) RParl.5.105a : That this Ordenaunce begynne to take effect the x day of Marche.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1815 : I se, wel smal effecte, Or elles non, my wordes in the take.
- (1450) Paston2.44 : Prayng yow to spare for no resonable cost..there as it shall be thought expedient so as my mater may take a gode ende.
- c1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)561/29 : Þis trety toke non ende at þat tyme, but aftirward..it was fully fynesshit.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)10/24 : The seid flode..takithe his originalle begynnynge at a lake.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)37a/b : Cyphac is a membre spermatik..takynge his bigynnynge at þe ynnere pannicle of þe midrif, wherof also springiþ dindimus.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)62 : Caualaro..Is name of worship & took bigynnyng Off spooris of gold & cheeffly of rydyng.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)48/18 : Revelacion..was made to holy philosophers..Of them the other philosophres that have be sithe toke thair begynnyng..and wrote vpon thair principles.
c
- c1450 Bod.483 Herbal (Bod 483)121/461 : That plaster ys gode for swellyng yn þe lemys that ys takyn off colde.
47b.
To come about, take place; of the world: exist, be.
Associated quotations
- (c1391) Gower CA Suppl.(Bod 294)prol.90* : Thus the prologe of my book After the world that whilom took, And eek somdel after the newe, I wol bygynne for to newe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.54 : Thus I..Purpose forto wryte a bok After the world that whilom tok Long tyme in olde daies passed.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1562 : If so be that pees heere-after take..Whi, Lord, the sorwe and wo ye wolden make, That ye ne dorste come ayeyn for shame!
48a.
(a) To subject (oneself to torment), put (sb. to death, sth. to a test); (b) to treat (sb. or sth. in a specified manner); ~ aboven him, ?treat (sb.) as one's superior; ~ on (til, with) hething, ~ in (to) scorninge, ~ with idel (scorn), treat (sth.) with contempt, treat scornfully; also, with adv.: ~ on, deal with (sb.); (c) ~ in subjeccioun, astrol. of a planet: to put (another planet) under its domination.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)283/2 : Þe Kyng commandede euery day forto take ij hostages of þe toune..vnto þe deþ, but if þai wolde ȝelde þe toun.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3515 : I..in-to tourment on-tald me tuke for ȝour sake.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)316/387 : Lete takyn his lewys to a pref, An chowe hem be-twyn þi teth, And ley hem on..a lok, It schal on-schetyn.
- a1500 Leg.Cross BC(1) (Wor F.172)222 : It was asked..of the Jewis in what maner..thei myghten turmente hym and take hym to the deth.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4402 : Tu ne take nohht wiþþ skarn, Wiþþ hæþinng, ne wiþþ idell Þe name off ure Laferrd Crist.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7390 : Uss ne birrþ nohht awwnenn Hu mann birrþ lefenn uppo Godd..Biforenn þa þatt takenn all Onn hæþinng þatt we spellenn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1665 : Þe we swa takede him on, heo us wolden tælen.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1830 : Þai..toke his word al til hething [Göt: his speche to (Bedf:Horrall: in) scorning].
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306:Everett)60 : The Duke of Bedforde went up to the auter, and..the cardenales hatt..sett..on the bysshoppys hede, and abeyed to hym, and afterwarde toke him all wey above him.
c
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)32 : Whilom the thridde hevenes lord above..hath wonne Venus his love, And she hath take him in subjeccioun And as a maistresse taught him his lessoun.
48b.
In phrase: ben taken with fir, to be set afire.
Associated quotations
- a1500 Bod.EMisc.Lapid.(BodEMisc e.558)33/305 : The Bestuns..is..of suche natur þat, yef she be onys takyn with fyr, she brennyth for euer & neuer retourneth to vertu.
49.
Of hunger, the appetite: to dispose (sb.) to eat, impel to eat.
Associated quotations
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.245 : Ete nouȝt, I hote þe, er hunger þe take.
- c1450 Royal SSecr.(Roy 18.A.7)31/14 : Than mayst thou ete a good soule aftir as thyn appetit takith the.
50a.
(a) To go, come, travel; set out, go forth; come to a place, arrive [quot. a1425(?a1400)]; refl. betake oneself (to a place), go, come; ~ awei; ~ in-to se, set sail, go to sea; ~ oute of, refl. extricate oneself from (a ditch), climb out of; ~ oute to, strike out in (a direction), head for; ~ to flight, refl. betake oneself to flight, flee; ~ to fliing, take to flight, flee; ~ to fot, refl. take to one's feet, travel on foot; ~ to sonnes light, refl. & fig. come into the sunlight (of Christian faith); ~ to toun, fig. of news: come to town, spread to town; ben taken froward..toward, be gone from (a place) toward (another place); ben taken to reste, be gone to bed; (b) ~ to, to approach (sb.) with a request, come pleading to (sb.); (c) physiol. of ingested food: to disperse (into the members of the body); ~ togeder, of bodily humors: mingle; (d) with diminished force, in conjunction with another verb which conveys the chief semantic notion: to go (and do sth.), betake oneself (and do sth.); arise (and do sth.), get moving (and do sth.);—also refl.; (e) in fig. phrases: ~ on elde, to approach old age, grow old; refl. with adv.: ~ him amis, go astray, be in the wrong; (f) ~ to hous, to keep to one's house, stay at home; ~ to lond, engage in farming.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)54/1 : Ga sech wið uten þe worldes fra kele froure þe schal endin eauer i sar & i sorhe; tac þerto, & leaf me hwen þe swa is leouere.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)3977 : Cassibilane..droh to on oþehalf [read: oþer half] and tock to herboreȝe, and þilke nihtes [read: nihte] a-redi were his cnihtes.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3517 : Y schal take out to anoþer pard & prykie fro hem anon.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.24.18 : He þat takeþ hymself out of þe dich shal ben holde with þe grene.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1063 : Thei..toke hem to the hihe See.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)518 : Þe kyng..took homward myd his folk amorouȝ.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)513 : Aboute vnder, þe lorde to marked totz, And ydel men stande he fyndez þerate.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6405 : Somme of hem..taken hem to fliȝt On horse bak to Troye toun.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)1122 : On þe morn furth gan þai pas, to þaire iorne þai ta.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5351 : As soone as poverte gynneth take, With mantel and wedis blake Hidith of loue the light awey.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20084 : Sum rad, sum tok þam to þar fote.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)307 : Thane the burelyche beryn..Counsayles sir Arthure..To entyce the emperour to take ouere the mounttes.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)37.237 : Thens Made he his departynge And took forth Riht In to the se.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)11 : Þe develis..to-gederis they conseilled..and token hem to-gederis Jn parlement.
- a1450 Castle Love(1) (BodAdd B.107)1685 : In good tyme þe[y] wer ibor That to þat feste mowe takyn [F purrunt venir], That God wole wiþ hem in heuyn makyn.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1407 : Þe lord toke atte fyne, And brouȝt here lyuys al to nouȝt & ȝaf oþer men þe vyne.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1148 : Thay sloughe so many an heythen kynge Þat at þe laste þay tuke to flyinge.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1289 : He was tane fraward Tyre toward þe vaile.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3719 : Tas tite vn-to ȝour tresory & trebute vs pays.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)8176 : Thow sholdest be lyht ffor to take the to the flyht.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)17/30 : By the advys of his barons he took hym to a strong towre.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1904 : Mordreit than toke A way full gayne, And to the forest wente he Right.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)598 : He toke in to a Ryde-wey, Hyme self to meche care.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)57 : Tithynges token to þe toun of þe toumbe wonder.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)750 : I haue lefte þe derke night And take me to þe sunnes light.
- c1500(?a1475) Landavall (Rwl C.86)33 : He lepe vpon a coursier..And rode forthe..he takyth towarde the west.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)305 : Good shyffte may ye make And..to walkyn on a nyght Wan prest and clerk to rest ben take.
b
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1380 : Madame, how may thou to us take And wote thy-selfe so wytterly That thou hast launcelot du lake Brought oute of ower companye?
c
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)23/620 : Þe mete yȝete In-to þe membres takeþ.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)11053 : Kyndely swoot comeþ..Of wicked blood..and..Of þe humours whan þei come to-gidre, And whanne þei to-gidre take, Greet hete in þe body þei make.
d
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1135 : Þa tocan þa oðre & helden her castles agenes him.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1751 : Laban..toc and wente and folwede on, And ðhogt in mod iacob to slon.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.21.21 : Ȝe seien to this hill, Take thee [WB(2): Take; L tolle] and caste thee in to the see.
e
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10969 : I and mi wijf on ald tas, Of barns er we passed þe pass.
- a1425 Celestine (LdMisc 463)5 : If þat he thenke wel to spede, ffor godes myghte, Amysse whan he wille him take.
f
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)29 : Gef þu takest to huse, þu best men þe unwurðure.
- a1350 Ich herdemen (Hrl 2253)58 : He vs honteþe ase hound hare doþ on hulle; seþþe y tek [?read: tok] to þe lond such tene me wes taht.
50b.
(a) To go to (a place), resort to; go into (a forest, mountainous country, etc.); also, flee to (a place), take refuge in (a church, tower, etc.); take to (one's chamber, tent); of a bird: take to (a tree); (b) in phrases: ~ recet, to take refuge, take shelter; ~ seintuarie (and liberte of the chirche, flee to sanctuary (in a church), claim sanctuary by fleeing to a church; (c) to board (a barge, boat, ship), embark on; set out to (sea); travel over (the sea); ~ water, put to sea; also, of an animal: plunge into water, take to the water [quot. a1450(c1410)]; ~ wateres, ~ water salt, put to sea; (d) to come to (land), arrive at (a harbor); ~ arivage (arivaille, banke, brinke, ground, lond, londinge), land from the sea, come to shore, come ashore; ~ haven (herberwe), reach a haven (harbor); enter a harbor, put in at a haven; ~ the lond albion, disembark at Albion; (e) to take up a military position on (a piece of land) or in (a valley, meadow, etc.); ~ (a, the) feld, ~ the plaine, move onto the battlefield; also, engage in battle; ~ herberwe (logginges), of an army or a commander: make camp;—also refl.; ~ logginge, take up a defensive position; (f) to mount (a horse); (g) to move into (lodgings, a seat);—in selected phrases: ~ bilde (dwellinge), take (one's) abode, make (one's) residence; ~ chaumbre, take up residence in a chamber; ~ gesteninge (gestinge, hostel, logginge, woning), take (one's) lodging, lodge; ~ herbergage, take up lodgings [see also herbergage n. 2.(a)]; ~ herberwe, take up lodging; also, in fig. context, of the devil: take up residence (in sb.); ~ hous, take up lodgings, lodge; ~ in(nes, take (one's) lodging, lodge; ~ reste in, refl. & fig. of Christ: make (his) dwelling in (sb.); ~ sete, refl. proceed to occupy a seat, seat oneself; ~ up al the logginge, fill all the lodging places, take up all the available lodgings; ech a hous was taken, every lodging place was occupied, all lodgings were taken; his innes are taken, he is lodged; (h) ~ hous, to enter a religious house, join a religious order; (i) ~ abidinges at, fig. of the heart: to dwell on (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)16 : Þei taken þe stronge buskes as prevely as þei may.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)27 : Þe boor gooþ from þe sowes and goþ to take his couert.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)10501 : Thei token the toun with mychel spede To saue her lyues.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)66/11 : Þan sche toke hir chawmbre & ete a-lone vj wokys.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.2310 : Arbachus Made hym proudli the feeld to forsake, That lik a coward his castell he hath take.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)997 : The erle rase and tuk a toure; He was ferde of Sir Eglamour.
- (1448) Shillingford53 : Sr Thomas Gogh..made affray and toke the churche late.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)9195 : Þe bretons..myght nought sped..Þe Payens hem chased vntil an hyl..When þe Bretons þe hil had taken, Wyþ sege þe Payens held þem waken.
- ?a1450 Poem Hawking (Yale 163)326 : Yf she..take a tree, She may sytte and reste her on a hype Tylle mornyng.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13003 : Fast wyll I flee and take sum toun.
- ?c1450 Brut-1447 (Trin-C O.9.1)482/19 : At þe comyng to þe feld, eyþer of theym toke theire tent.
- c1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)551/31 : Iohn Sere..slowe..a prest..and þen toke the chirch of Saint Anne.
- (1461) Paston2.251 : The Duc of Excestre and th'Erle of Pembrok ar floon and taken the mounteyns.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1241/3 : Sir Bedwere..toke the foreste and wente all that nyght.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)44 : They gaderden vp that ther was and token the tour.
- a1500 Proc.Chanc.in Archaeol.ser.2.615 : They wold have bettyn and wondyd youre said oratours, ne had thei not..skapid frome them and toke their chambres.
- a1525(?1464) Cov.Leet Bk.322 : He fledde yn-to the kynges parke..ouer the pale and toke the parke.
b
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)1067 : Þer entrez non to take reset Þat berez any spot an vndeȝ [read: an-vnder] mone.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)4361 : Er þey hadde ony recet taken, Þey þoughte þey wolde hem a-wake.
- (1454) RParl.5.248a : He hath late take the sayntwarye and liberte of the Chirche of Westm' for his tuition.
- (1463-5) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 1487 : We have payde for this man yt toke sentweri in ye chirche.
- (a1467) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.lxxix : Berkeley..toke the seyntuarye at Westminster.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6640 : Þei dar nat take Þe water salt for drede þat Neptunus..Was vn-to hem in euery þing contrarie.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)35/17 : Summe men taken the see [F se mettent en meer] at Gene, Somme at Venyse.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)60/37 : Sche went to Ȝermowth..& þer sche toke hir schyp.
- (1440) Paston2.22 : He toke hys barge.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)96/15 : He took þe see in a tempest.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)50.63 : The hert þe water say he take.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)826 : At Venise thei haue take the see, And at Acoun londid he.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)886 : There shalle he take the brode watres And londe naught til he come to Acres Ouer þe brode Grekissh See.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)244/5 : The kyng with his nauy took þe se and londid at Kidkaus.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)191/17 : The same nyght they toke the watir and passed into Flaundres.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)92/663 : He..toke his schepe, and so to Rome he sayllyde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)958 : Jason..Busket to the bank and the bote tok, Stird ouer the streame streght to þe lond.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14411 : Sexisce men..seileden to londe and herberȝe token..bi-ȝeonde þere Humbre.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.94 : Fro thenne he goth toward Ytaile Be Schipe and there his arivaile Hath take and schop him forto ryde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1927 : He goth..To Troie and was the ferste there Which londeth and tok arryvaile.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.724 : Hercules and Iasoun..Out of her schip taken han þe lond.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6348 : Þei..fro þe se taken han þe grounde.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)4227 : Er schal thei suffre mochel breste, Or thei take bank or brynke.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)117/30 : Vlixes, þe which wente be þe see aftir þe destruccion of Troye..arived at an haven..He sente to þe quene..to wite whethir he myȝte suerly take haven in hir lande or noone.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)5397 : Claudeus..hyed fast til Bretaigne cost; Hauene he tok at Porcestre.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)223 : I..prively tok arryvage In the contree of Cartage.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)2/14 : He and xxi men with hym..toke of the people ther aboute the londyng.
- c1475(a1400) Brut-1333 (Dc 323)4/13 : Tho wenten owt..of þe Shippe & tokyn þe lond Albyon.
- a1500 GRom.(Add 9066)190 : He sawe xxx shippes comyng toward the Castell, and alle thei toke haven ayenst even.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)91/640 : Vnnethe they toke londe, but wer ner loste.
e
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3977 : He..toc þan herberwe, & alle þa nihte greiðeden his cnihtes.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5739 : Þe kynges pauylouns þere men telt And token hem þere herberewe.
- (1415) Doc.Conspir.Hen.V in D.K.R.43591 : It schulde undo bothe hym & this londe yif they made hym take a felde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.3412 : He left at home his shelde And his spere whan he toke þe feld, Ful lyk a knyȝt sittynge on his stede.
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)395/1039 : He neuer took feeld but on a ground of ryht.
- 1448 Glo.Chron.C (Arms 58)p.451 : Furst the toke hure loggyng in the castelle of Arundelle.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)19483 : Ȝif that the feeld here we take, thanne ben we lost.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)19814 : Thanne chosen they here lond..and tooken here loggynges..therto pyhten bothe tente and pavylown.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1162 : Þan kynge Charls tuke þe playne And Semblede all his folke a-gayne.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)340 : The knyghtys token the meddeys [Smithers reads: moddeys] & the valeys grene, ful noble..and hardy to fyȝt.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)72 : The hardy prikeris..Be sent to-forn what ground is best to take In that ordynaunce.
f
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)609 : Euerich of hem..took her coursers and wenten her way.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2547 : In a rage vp anoon he sterte And toke his stede..& in-to feld he goth.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)152 : Euery Pilgryme..toke a-non his hors Whan the sonne roos.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)66/5 : Þai con take hir hors as wel on þe lyfte side as wel on þe riȝt.
- c1450 Brut-1431(1) (Eg 650)450/4 : On þe morow he toke hys hors and rode to Wyndysore vn-to our Kyng.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)58/1 : Þat same Kyng Sapor ouyrcam him to a schameful seruyse, þat..he schuld stand on his bak, and Valerian ly, and so schuld he take his hors.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)13/37 : He..took his hors and rode his way.
g
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12991 : He þurrh Haliȝ Gast inn hemm Himm wollde takenn resste.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.524 : Þai toke her ostel gode At an hous wiþouten þe toun.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)41/484 : Bot wiþ a begger..Þer he tok his herbarwe.
- 1372 Gold & al (Adv 18.7.21)5 : I wolde ben clad in cristis skyn..& gon t'is herte & taken myn In—Þer is a fulsum fode.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)753 : William..under a tri appeltre tok him tid a sete.
- c1390 Evang.(Vrn)351 : In Bethleem he tok his wonynge, ffor Marie was neih childynge.
- c1390 Evang.(Vrn)355 : In Bethlehem hous he tok.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4185 : Ech of hem..took his loggyng as it wolde falle.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11443 : Þe kinges..toke þair gesting [Trin-C: Innes] in þe tun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.62 : Men..token her dwellynge With-Inne a cite.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)32/52 : In þe toure of Londen his ines er taken.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)1521 : When hir husband had broght hir home, Hir leman..toke a chamber nere þat stede.
- a1425 HBk.GDei (Arun 507)141 : He come to þe hous þar i had tane my herberi & put me oute with force.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)111/19 : So sche & þe good man..went forth & toke hir hostel & þer etyn her mete.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1264 : With a riche ost he took his herbergage.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)92 : Ioseph went..Fro hous to hous in al þe toun..þer was so grete prees Þat ech a hous taken wes.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)12219 : A man wunned with his wyf to weld be syd þat Cyte of Samary, whor Elysew oft toke his beld.
- (1454) Paston (Gairdner)2.297 : The Duke of Somersetes herbergeour hath taken up all the loggyng that may be goten nere the Toure.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)29/29 : Flemy[n]ggis..tooke hure dwellynge for a lytylle tyme at þe Est place of Englonde.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)158/209 : I goo to sekyn a kynge; he takyth wonynge in woo.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)761 : Þey tok har yn in þe toune And dwellede stylle yn pese.
- -?-(1459) Will in Som.RS 16192 : That she dispose hir to take hir logging in a litill place there as she may be moost to hir comfort and worship.
h
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)107/34 : Þat worde wrowt so sor in hir herte..þat sche myth not beryn it þat sche was fawyn to takyn an hows.
i
- a1450 12 PTrib.(3) (Bod 423)87/15 : At hou litel thinge the litel hertes taken her abidinges, and wel shewen thai by her tarienges that þai han foryeten the gret thing to whiche thai ben cleped.
50c.
(a) To travel over (a path, road, etc.), go by way of; follow (a course); ~ a stie forth, set forth on the way; ~ cours(es, go on (one's) way; also, follow a nautical course [quot. c1460]; make (one's) charge in a combat [quots. a1500(a1400) & a1500(a1450)]; ~ flight, flee, make (one's) escape; also fig.; ~ gate, travel a road or path, go [see also gate n.(2) 2.(b)]; also, go away, leave, take (one's) departure [see also gate n.(2) 2.(c)]; ~ journei, set out on (one's) journey, make a journey [see also journei n. 6a.(a)]; ~ lond under fot, ~ pase (passage), go, make (one's) way; ~ passage in-to this world, come into this world, be born; ~ stie, take a path or road, go by a path or road; ~ strete, go on the way; also, with inf.: go forth (to do sth.); ~ the prive (gein) stie, go by the secret (shortest) way; ~ the wei after, refl. follow (sb.), pursue; ~ the wei amis (wrong), go astray, lose one's way; ~ trace, go along a path or road; make (one's) way [see also trace n.(1) 1.(a)]; ~ turn, depart; ~ viage, go (one's) way; go on an expedition; ~ wei, travel a road or path, go, set out on the way; proceed to go; with inf.: ~ wei to wenden, depart; ~ weies, wander about; (b) fig. & in fig. contexts; also in proverb; (c) ~ (up) flight, of an angel, a bird: to take flight, fly; of Christ: ascend (to heaven); ~ upstiinge, of Christ: ascend (to heaven); (d) ~ place (stede), to take (one's) place, position oneself; ~ sojoure, sojourn for a time, make a temporary stay; also fig.; ~ strithe, refl. with inf.: poise oneself (to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1199 : Þe lond he token under fote..Til he komen to grimesby.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1300 : Hise weie he tok sone bi nigt.
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)637 : Priueli he tok þe gate Bi-twene þe porter and þe gate.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2091 : Þe duerwe toke þe gate.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)60 : Þe wode was rough and þikke..And þai token þe wai amys.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)212 : Þemperour on his stif stede a sty forþ þanne takes.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1054 : Eiþer tok tit is way to his owne chaumber.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)4029 : To-morwe let ous our iorne take, Hamward aȝen to ryde.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.143 : Þei come hider and took hir cours from Armorik.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5588 : I wole..The weie after thi Soster take Miself, and bringe hire, if I may.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13152 : To þe bure sco tok hir pas, For to spek wit herodias.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17643 : To ierusalem he tok þe strete.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)41/498 : In þat fforest y rood so longe Þat y toke þe wey wronge.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.319 : Sir Jon tok the gayn stie.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7765 : Alisaunder and Candace To chaumber token her trace.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)709 : Þe knyȝt tok gates straunge In mony a bonk vnbene.
- c1400 St.Alex.(3) (LdMisc 622)35/343 : From þe tyme he took his tourne ffrom Rome..he was souȝth of his kynne In alle cuntrees.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2843 : To a cheste..sche taketh hir passage.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6002 : Alle attonys þei [Grace and Fortune] haue take her fliȝt.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)555 : A spirit..Bad hym in hast taken his viage Toward Thebes.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)3621 : Þan sho toke þe preue sty Into þe toure ful hastily.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.292 : To chaumbre streght the wey he took.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20297 : Ful hardelie he tok þe strete With þe saxons in feld to mete.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20383 : With þe oste þat lefte he tok þe flight, Naui to gette if þat he might.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)521 : Leyr toke þe stret vnto Parice.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1450 : Darst thow take this viage?
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)101/5 : Hir felaschep wolde takyn her jurne in-to-Inglond-ward on þe Sunday.
- c1440 Thos.Ercel.(Thrn)21 : Wha sall takk þe flyghte and flee, And wha sall dye and by-leue thare.
- (1445) ?Bokenham Claudian CS (Add 11814)279/244 : Wherfore thise regions..Her iourney take to the high goddesse, to the doorys of nobil Rome.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1945 : Þei toke the ways wher the montt of synay was nere.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2333 : To Cades þen þei toke the gatte.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1358 : Eche man toke his waie to wende.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1569 : Þey myȝt nat se The loder, wherby these Shipmen her cours toke echon.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)35/190 : I wot nevyr whedyr to take passage, I dare not here abyde.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)310 : Þou take þy cours wyth schafte, Ȝef þou art knyȝt of crafte.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)728 : To that hye tour they tok the way.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)2462 : They toke ther coursis and ranne to geder soo..thei were clene onhorsid in the feld.
- a1500 How mankinde dooþ (Fil)28 : Al naked fro my modyr with synne, Into þis worlde y take passage.
- ?a1500(?a1475) Abbot & C.(Hrl 2380)40 : To þe kyrke he toke þe trace.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)250/485 : To Jerusalem I take the waye.
b
- c1390 Marie Mayden (Vrn)59 : Þe geynest gate greiþli he tas, Til derknes dipt, doun he decent.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)51/21 : Þou most taken an euene weye in Mesure bitwixen hope and drede.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)10/10 : Straite gatis toke I me for to giue yu asaumpil at liue.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.7.45 : Hem that eschuen and declynen fro vices and taken the weye of vertu.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.91 : For that the presence of swiche litil moment ne mai nat duelle, therfore it ravysschide and took the infynit wey of tyme (that is to seyn, by successioun).
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)132/245 : Hes soule to hel hit toke þe gate.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)145/410 : Þe hye-way to heuen I wold ȝe toke.
- a1450 Ch.Feasts (Roy 18.A.10)8 : The lord þat is a howsholder..To preysen hym men taken gat.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)14946 : Lord..teche me forto take þi trace.
- c1475 Lydg.Say.Nightingale (Hrl 2251)161 : Whan al my friendis allone me forsoke..I my-self this Iourney on me tooke.
c
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1055 : If he [Icarus] toke his flyhte To hyhe, al sodeinliche he mihte Make it [wax] to melte with the Sonne.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)15990 : Þe cok toke vp his fliȝt.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1771 : At þat worde sone þai toke þer fleyght.
- c1450 Alle ȝe mouwen (Cai 383/603)14 : Aftur hys ded, in hys vp-rysyng To heuene he toc hys vp-styyng.
- a1450 As I lay (Sln 2593)p.167 : To heuene he [Christ] tok his flyght, And ther he sit with his Fader.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1488 : Fenixe..at none þe thrid day..takith his flight and fleethe his way.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)282/18-19 : A faucon..flowe unto the elme to take hir perche, the lunes overcast aboute a bowghe; and whan she wolde have tane hir flyght she hynge by the leggis faste.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)104/216 : Be-holde now, lord, I go here to, I take my fflyth and byde nowth.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)231 : Thank to the Goos mote be yove of riht, Which in her feeld so proudly took her flight.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)57/32 : The faucon saw hym comynge and toke [Dub: nam] his flyght an hey.
d
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)761 : William under þat trie tre hade taken his place.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2305 : Þenne tas he..hym stryþe to stryke.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2082 : Hector..Nexst his fader taken hath his place.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5150 : No deuocioun Ne hadde I in the sermoun Of dame Resoun, ne of hir Rede; It toke no soiour in myne hede, For all yede oute at oon ere That in that other she dide lere.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)320 : This noble emperesse..Bad every foul to take his owne place.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)13173 : Wiþ haste ilk man tok his stede To helpe þer felawes in þer nede.
- c1450(?a1400) Chestre Launfal (Clg A.2)107 : May y take with þe soioure?
50d.
Astron. (a) ~ cours (journei, wei), of the sun, moon: to follow a path through the heavens; ~ hold (mansioun, palais, sojoure), occupy a temporary seat in a sign of the zodiac; (b) of a heavenly body: to overtake (another), catch up with.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)118b/b : In þe monþe of Iuyn þe sonne takeþ his cours and his wey by þilke seuene sterris plyades.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.146 : Appollo lyst nat tarie To take soiour in the Sagittarie.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2380 : Tytan, with his bemys rede, From Gemmyny drof his chare of gold Toward þe Crabbe for to take his holde.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)11 : Iubiter in the Crabbes Hed Hath take his paleys and his mansioun.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)11/59 : Þe son and þe mone..now grathly gange in ȝour degre, Als ye haue tane ȝoure curses clere.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)2 : Phebus in the Crabbe had nere hys cours ronne And toward the leon his iourne gan take.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)122a/b : Þe mone most spende tweye dayes and sixe houres, er he þanne take [L consequatur] þe sonne.
50e.
To catch (an opposing army in disarray), come upon by surprise; also, fig. of righteousness: ?overtake (sb.).
Associated quotations
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.59.9 : Longid out is fro vs dom, & shal not taken vs riȝtwisnesse.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)156/2 : He went so hastely upon theim [Persians] that or they coude be war..they wer among theim and toke [F trouverent] theim out of arraye.
51.
(a) To extend to (a place), reach; ~ to, extend to (a place); of a roof: reach to (one's chin); of water: rise up to (the height of a part of the body), reach; ~ up (nether) in-to, fig. of the power of justice: extend up into (heaven) or down into (hell); (b) to cover (a part of the body), extend over; (c) to extend (one's hand to sb. to be clasped), put out (one's hand to sb. to be gripped); ~ up, raise (one's hand).
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)105/25 : Se strengþe of ðessere hali mihte [Justice]..takð up in to heuene and niþer in to helle.
- ?a1300 11 Pains(1) (Dgb 86)404/104 : Hoe þat euere wedlak brekeþ, þe flod to heere nauele takeþ.
- c1330 Body & S.(5) (Auch)p.28 : Þi bour is bilt wel cold in clay, Þe rof schal take to þi chin.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)246/20 : Þis is þe laste stape of þe lheddre of perfeccion þet Iacob yzeȝ..þet tok þe heuene huerby þe angles..cliue op and doun.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4820 : Ynde..To þe cee takeþ of Affryk, And þe norþ half to a mountayne Þat is ycleped Caucasayne.
b
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)272/19 : Þai putte it [mixture of ingredients] in a bagge, þe whiche schal take alle þe akyng parties, and þai lay it on þe byndynge als hote as it may be suffred.
c
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)15227 : Vp he toke [Vsp: lift] his holy hond & ȝaf þe benesoun.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)19791 : To seynt petur she toke [Vsp: raght] hir honde, And he hir reised for to stonde.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)40/167 : Take me þin hand..and holde it ful stylle.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)920 : Take me ȝour honde and go wyth me.
52.
(a) Of a plant, vine, etc.: to take root, take hold and grow; of a hedge: ?leaf out [2nd quot.]; ben taken, be rooted, have taken root; (b) ~ hold, of a plant: to take hold, attach itself; also, fig. of prophecy: take hold (in someone's heart), impress itself; of virtues: ?hang (on the cardinal virtues); ~ rote(s, of a shoot, tree: take root; also fig.; also, of a human sperm: implant itself (in a woman), cause conception [quot. a1500 *Sidrak & B., 1st].
Associated quotations
a
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)2.153 : In reed erthe ek a vyne is hard to take [L comprehendunt], Though aftirward sumdel therynne hit wake.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.576 : To make a gardyn hegge..euery day me most hit delue & wede [read: wete] Vntil hit take [L frondeant].
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.630 : Sette hem [columella] grete aparti, for thoght [read: though] longe Er then they take hit be [L comprehendant], they wol be stronge.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)11.207 : Now transplaunted beth their [pistachio] plauntis wilde..but Ianyveer, When they beth take & gynneth go with childe, Hem is hit good to graffe in dayes mylde.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)29.210 : Many brawnches they plauntid þere-offen..and As sone As it was Set In the grownde, bothe it took & Roted with-Inne A stownde.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)246a/a : Sprayes þerof ybent dounward in toward þe grounde taketh roote [L radicatur] anon.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)43 : Vr dedis fro vr hert tas rote.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9350 : Bot for na talking þam was tald, It tok neuer in þer hertes hald.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)10009 : Þat er four vertus principalys..All oþer vertus of þaim tas hald.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2286 : A Priores hertly sal hast Al vice & syns away to waist And ordan for þam gastly bute, Or tyme þat þai haue takin rute.
- c1450 Iuy is (Eg 3307)p.84 : Wher it [ivy] takyth hold, it kepyth fast..It kepyth wall from cost and wast.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)98/332a : Rudico: to takyn rote.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3329 : Vnderstonde not for-thi Þat same time þat a man Knoweþ flesshely a womman Þat seed in hir roote take.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10240 : Þe trees tooke rootes anoone Þat vpon þe shippe wore And þere shal stonde euermore.
53.
To convert (from one religion to another).
Associated quotations
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)7.137 : Þe discripcioun of prestez, of dekens, of yrael, & of men takyn [WB(2): newe turned] from heyþenes to þe ryte of iewes [L proselytorum].. brengen forþ oþer þing in þe rynde & in þe merghe oþer þing withholden.
54.
In misc. phrases: (a) ~ fot, with inf.: ?to be prompted (to do sth.), ?be emboldened (to do sth.); (b) ~ matere, with inf.: to have cause (to do sth.); (c) ~ part, ?to perceive [?mistransl. of L percipere].
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)56/35 : That worde that she saide, 'perauenture,' made the deuell to take fote to tempte her, and enharded hym to speke to her.
b
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.239 : Þey auȝtyn takyn mest matere to louyn God.
c
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)179/3 : God euir gouerne þe..Hos goodenes euiry creatur perceyuith or takyth part [L percepit].
55.
In surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1260) Close R.Hen.III325 : Johannes Tokepayn.
- (1296) Sub.R.Sus.in Sus.RS 1037 : Simon' Taketurn.
- c1444(c1250) Cart.Lewes in Sus.RS 38 (Vsp F.15)94 : William Takepeni.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4194 : For tuenti besands þan and tald, Ioseph es now ledd out o land.
Note: New spelling
Note: Form also in ll. 4908, 9203.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)169/187 : The gylden fell they tokyn also.
Note: Additional quote(s)
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)422 : How sal J take on wiþ [LinI: take on] myne amoure?
Note: See note. (What is reference for note? It is not in the text.--MLL)
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)933/17 : The turnamente was tokyn to se who sholde have moste knyghtes of Eliazar, the somme of kynge Pelles, or Augustus, the sonne of kynge Harlon.
Note: Vulgate, p. 102: Porcoi li tomoiemens fu emprins. [Il fu enpris] por veoir liquels a[u]roit plus de, [etc.].
Note: ?Belongs to taken sense 43.(a).--per MM
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)74/135 : for ȝe ne token as me nouȝt, I nelle eou take non.
Note: Modify gloss for sense 23.(d).--per MM