Middle English Dictionary Entry

swich adj.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1a.
With sg. or pl. noun: of a kind previously mentioned, described, implied, etc.; of the sort, similar, like; also, same, the same: (a) in attributive position; -- also used postpositively; (b) followed by indef. article: ~ a; (c) preceded by indef. article: a ~; (d) ~ (a) manere, such (a) kind of; ~ manere of, such manner of; (e) in ~ manere, in ~ (a) wise, on ~ wise, in such (a) manner; in ~ time, at such a time; righte in ~ an houre, at exactly the same hour; (f) with attributive adjective(s [sometimes difficult to distinguish from swiche adv. 1.(c)], gen. modifier, or numeral: ~ god men, ~ olde leued wordes, ~ develes craftes, ~ six bones, a ~ cherles bok, o ~ prest, unwar ~ mischef, etc.; also, with postpositive adjective: ~ eie god, ~ wordes ref; (g) with numeral functioning as noun [some quots. might be construed as swich pron. with numeral functioning as postpositive adj. modifier].
1b.
As predicate adj. [in some quots. swich might be construed as pron.]: (a) of the sort previously mentioned, described, etc.; similar; also, same; ben (semen) ~, to be (seem) of the sort, be (seem) such; finden (holden, etc.) ~, find (consider, etc. sb. or sth. to be) such; maken ~, make (sth. be) such; (b) in emphatic position at the head of its clause: ~ is (was, etc.), such is (was, etc.).
2a.
With sg. or pl. noun: of a kind implied, described, etc. in following context, similar, like; also, same: (a) with noun followed by adj. or ppl. phrase specifying the sort; (b) with noun followed by relative clause, introduced by swich pron., specifying the sort; ~ werk (lok, token, etc.) swich; (c) with noun or numeral as noun followed by relative clause, introduced by that, the, which, etc., specifying the sort; ~ man (thing, time, etc.) that, ~ manere of pride that, etc.; also, used postpositively: dedes ~ with which, such deeds with which; (d) with indef. article and noun followed by relative clause, introduced by that, the, which, etc., specifying the sort; ~ a flour that, ~ a dede..that, etc.; a ~ fere the; (e) with noun followed by independent clause which implies or specifies the sort; don ~ a thing, to do such a thing (namely, etc.); sen ~ a sighte, see such a sight (namely, etc.); (f) with noun followed by inf. phrase which implies or specifies the sort; (g) with noun followed by complementary noun clause introduced by that conj.; in ~ manere that, in ~ a wise that, in such (a) wise, namely, that; of ~ wise that, of such sort, namely, that; (h) of words, a prayer, an epistle, etc.: such, the following, this; these; -- followed by directly quoted speech or words.
2b.
As predicate adj. [in some quots. swich might be construed as pron.]: of a kind, similar, such; -- followed by phrase or clause: (a) in emphatic position at the head of its clause, followed by defining inf. phrase or independent clause: ~ was his thought for to sen (sheuen), such was his thought, namely, to see (show); (b) in generalizing statements, often implying resignation or acceptance: ~ is elde (love, this world, etc.): so goes age (love, this world, etc.); also, impers. with inf. phrase: ~ hit is, thus it is (to be sth., etc.), that is the consequence of (doing sth., etc.).
2c.
With sg. or pl. noun followed by subordinate clause, usu. introduced by that, so that, or so, expressing consequence or result: (a) in attributive position: ~ ..that (so), such..that (sth. is the case, etc.); -- also used postpositively: a..~ that; (b) with indef. article: ~ a..that, a ~ ..that; (c) in ~ manere (so) that, in ~ wise that, on ~ (a) wise that, etc.; (d) in attributive position followed by clause of result without that; (e) as predicate adj. or objective compl. [in some quots. swich might be construed as pron.]: ben ~ that, to be of such sort or character that (sb. may do sth., etc.); maken ~ that, make (sb.) such that (she may do sth.).
2d.
With phrases or clauses introduced by as, so, or sum: (a) used attributively with noun followed by as phrase: ~ ..as, the same..as (sb. or sth.), the same kind of..as; ~ a..as, a..of the same sort as (sb.), such a..as; ~ manere..as, the same kind of..as (sth.); in ~ a wise as, in such a way as (sb. who does sth.); also with inf.: in ~ wise as to shamen, so as to shame (sb., oneself); also, used postpositively [quot. c1450]; with adv.: haven non..~ as nou, to have none..of the same sort as now; (b) used attributively with noun or numeral as noun followed by as clause: ~ ..as, the same..as (sb. or sth. is, has, etc.), the sort of..as, such..as; ~ manere..as, such kind of..as (sb. used); ~ thing as that, such thing as (one knows); (c) used attributively with indef. article and as clause: ~ a..as, such a..as (sb. or sth. is, sb. has spoken of, etc.); (d) used postpositively, followed by as clause; (e) in ~ wise as, in such manner as (one devises, etc.), so as (may be most meritorious); on ~ a wise as, in such a way as (God predestined); (f) abouten (at, to) ~ time as, around (at, to) such time when; in ~ place as, in such place where; on ~ a dai..as, on the day..when; also, in adverbial phrases without prep.: ~ (a) time as, at such time when; ~ a quantite of latitude as, by such a degree of latitude as; (g) as predicate adj. followed by as phrase or clause [in some quots. swich might be construed as pron.]: ben ~ as, to be of the same sort or nature as (sb. or sth. is, etc.); also, be in the same relationship (to sth.) as (sth. else) [last quot.]; -- also in emphatic position at the head of its clause, followed by as or as that clause; (h) in apologetic or deprecatory parenthetical expression [could also be construed as swich pron.]: ~ as hit is, such as it is, no more no less; (i) used attributively with noun followed by so clause; -- also used postpositively; also, as predicate adj. followed by so phrase [quots. 1st & a1225(?a1200) Lay.Brut]; in adverbial phrase: ~ while so, for as long as; (j) used postpositively followed by sum clause: ~ sum, of the same sort as.
2e.
In correl. constructions, chiefly prov.: (a) ~ .. ~; ~ ..al-swich (slik); ~ a.. ~ a; (b) with as clause first [often translating L talis..qualis]; ~ as..~; (c) with as or which clause second; ~ ..as (which).
3a.
As intensive [sometimes difficult to distinguish from senses in 1. and 2.]: (a) in attributive position: so great, very great; so much; of color: so fine; of melody: so sweet, so pleasing; of a woman, lineage: so noble; -- also with following as clause; (b) ~ a, a ~, a very great, so great a; so mighty a; also, with following as clause: ~ a..as, so great a..as if; (c) as predicate adj.: so great; also, as predicate adj. in emphatic position at the head of its clause: ~ is the might, so great is the might; also, followed by as phrase, in comparison: ben ~ as, to be so excellent as (sb.); (d) in exclamations: ~ lordes (a man, etc.), what lords (a man, etc.)!; -- also, with as clause: ~ a storm as, such a storm as (sb. was in); (e) in correl. construction with as clause: ~ ..as, so much..as.
3b.
As intensive, followed by subordinate clause, usu. introduced by that, expressing consequence or result: (a) in attributive position: ~..that, so great..that, so many..that; ~ godes as, sufficient goods that; on ~ stroke..that, one blow so mighty that; (b) ~ a..that, so great a..that; ~ a slomber that, so deep a sleep that; maken ~ an ende as, to make so good an end that; (c) in attributive position followed by clause of result without that; (d) as predicate adj.: ben ~ that, to be so persuasive that; also, in emphatic position at the head of its clause: ~ mai ben..that, so great may be..that.
4.
(a) As interrogative adj.: which, what; on ~ manere, in what manner; (b) followed by as clause: at ~ a place as, at whatever place that (sb. thinks convenient).
5a.
In cpds. or combs. with other adjs.: (a) ~ ani, ani ~, any..of the sort previously mentioned, any such, any similar;al ~, q.v.; (b) ech ~, each..of the sort previously mentioned, each such; everi ~, every..of the sort previously mentioned, every such; (c) no ~, no..of the sort previously mentioned; also, followed by ppl. phrase specifying the sort: no such [quot. 1447-8]; non ~, q.v.; non-other ~, no other..of the aforementioned sort, no other such; (d) ~ other, other ~, other..of the sort previously mentioned, other such [see also other adj. 5b.(e) & 7.(e)]; ~ on other [see other adj. 1a.(b)].
5b.
In comb. with non-other pron.: non-other ~, no other person of the sort previously mentioned.
5c.
In comb. with on pron. [see also on pron. 1.(d)]: (a) ~ on, a person, thing, etc. of the sort previously mentioned or described; (b) followed by clause specifying the sort: ~ on as (that, which), a person, thing, etc. of the sort that (which); -- also with following as phrase: ~ on as, such a person as (sb.); (c) followed by dependent clause of result introduced by that: ~ on that, a person or thing of such sort that (sth. is the case, etc.).
5d.
In combs. and phrases with other pron.: (a) ~ on other, another person or thing of the sort previously mentioned; -- also followed by as clause specifying the sort [see also other pron. 1.(a)]; (b) ~ other, other ~, other persons or things of the sort previously mentioned, such others; -- also followed by as clause specifying the sort; mani other ~, other ~ mani, many others of the sort; also, in phrase, usu. at the end of a list: and ~ (mo) other, and (al) other ~, or other ~, et cetera, and (or) the like [see also other pron. 6b.(d)].
6.
(a) Certain, particular; a certain; also, a certain kind of [quot. a1300]; also, with indef. article: ~ a; on ~, one particular, a certain; (b) used in phrases which substitute for a definite or particular name, date, etc. that is not revealed or specified; also, in formulaic phrases in a written text indicating to a speaker that a specific name is to be inserted at that point; (c) in adverbial phrases without preposition: ~ a dai, on a stated day, on a day to be specified; ~ a tide, at a certain time; (d) as predicate adj. in phrases substituting for specific adj. modifier(s: ben ~ and (or) ~, to be thus and (or) such, be thus and (or) so; also, in emphatic position at head of its clause: ~ (al-swich) and ~ ben.
7.
In expressions of multiplication: (a) followed by numeral: ~ thre (five, ten, etc.), three (five, ten, etc.) times as much or as many; ~ a hundred, a hundredfold; grettere..bi ~ thre, greater..by three times; (b) in comparisons, followed by numeral and as phrase: ~ two as, twice as much as (sb.); ~ six as, six times as great as (sth.); (c) in comparisons, followed by numeral and as clause: ~ thre (four, etc.) as, three (four, etc.) times as many or as much as; ~ two as, twice as large as; ~ a thousand worth as, worth a thousand times as much as; fairer than ~ twelve as, twelve times as fair as; (d) in comparisons, followed by numeral, noun, and as clause: ~ four moneie (seven clerkes, etc.) as, four times as much money (seven times as many clerks, etc.) as; ~ thre so hardi men as, men three times as hardy as; also, used postpositively: more floures ~ seven as, seven times more flowers than; (e) in comparisons, followed by numeral and than phrase or clause: ~ a thousand more worth than, worth a thousand times more than; ~ ten than, ten times as many as; more than ~ thre than hit be, more than three times as far as it is.