Middle English Dictionary Entry

sheuen v.(1)
Quotations: Show all Hide all

Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

Note: Cp. ætsceawian v.
1.
(a) To see, look out; see (sth., that sth. is so), look at (sb. or sth.), view, examine; of God: see (sth.); also, view (sb.) with favor; ~ upon, look at (sb.); ben to ~, be visible; fair (lothli, etc.) to ~; (b) to perceive (sth., that sth. is so); discover (if sth. is so); take note (that sth. is so); (c) to predict, foretell; foresee (sth.), foretell; ~ aforn (beforen); (d) to go to see (sb.), visit.
2.
(a) To be seen, be visible; be plain to see; -- also refl.; be noticeable, be conspicuous; give the appearance of (sth.); -- also impers.; also, fig. be perceptible (to the senses); ppl. sheuinge, ?perceptible; ?also, apparent; (b) of something not usually visible: to be open to the sight, lie exposed; protrude; ~ oute, stick out; ppl. sheuinge, visible; sheuinge oute, protruding; (c) to come into view, appear, emerge to sight; also fig.; (d) to present oneself, make an appearance, be present; emerge; ~ afore, come into the presence of (sb.); ~ doun, descend; ~ oute, emerge; ~ til (to), appear to (sb.); (e) to be clear to the mind, be obvious, be evident; also, be proved, be certain; be represented allegorically by (sb., a serpent); -- also impers.; ppl. sheuinge as adj.: clearly true, evident; (f) to be, be found, exist; occur, happen; -- also impers.; (g) ~ for, to represent (a shire) in Parliament.
3.
(a) To have an external appearance (of a certain kind); appear to be (sth.), look like; -- also without complement [quot.: a1375]; refl. be seen to be (spotless, well dressed, angry, etc.), look; of a house: appear to be well built; ~ as, look like (sth.); (b) to pretend to be (sth., meek, holy, etc.), seem; -- also refl.; dissimulate (virtue); pretend (to do sth.); (c) to present (a certain appearance), show (a facial expression to sb.); ~ oute; ~ countenaunce, indicate by facial expression (that sth. is so); ~ countenaunce glad, look cheerful; ~ glad semblaunte, look kindly (on sb.); ~ semblaunte of wrathe, look angrily (at sb.); ~ short chere, appear displeased.
4.
(a) To exhibit (sb. or sth.) in public, display; -- also without obj.; lay (sth.) open to view; set out (wares) for sale; advertise (a certain size); act (a scene in a play); bear (arms) openly; ~ forth; (b) with indirect obj.: to present (sth.) to the view of (sb.), show (sb. or sth. to sb.); let (sb.) see (sb. or sth.); draw the attention (of sb. to sth.); act (a scene in a play before sb.); (c) to show (a vision, revelation, an illusion, etc.); -- usu. with indirect obj.; (d) refl. to appear, appear in public, be seen, present oneself; present oneself (as sth.); come forward; also, show oneself (to sb.), let (sb.) see one; also, present oneself for inspection (to sb.); ~ forth; ben sheued, be present; ppl. sheued, permitted to appear in public; (e) in phrases: ~ bak, to run away; ~ face, appear, be present; also, let (one's) face be seen; also, look favorably (on sb.); ~ hed (presence), appear in public, come forward; ~ neb, show (one's) face (to sb.); ~ nebshaft, appear (to sb.); ~ shoes, turn away, depart.
5.
In nonverbal communication: (a) to point out (sth., sth. to sb.), indicate; lead (sb. to a place or an event); specify (sb.), mark out; show (the way); also fig.; also, fig. characterize (a heretic); ~ to, point to (sth.); sheuinge finger, the index finger; sheuinge token, a clear indication; (b) to prove (sth., that sth. is so); provide (a lesson, an argument), be a living proof of (sth.); be evidence (that sb. is sth.); give nonverbal evidence of (sth.); (c) to make known by action, symptom, symbol, etc. (that sth. is so, how sth. is so); make (sth.) known (to sb.), announce, signal; proclaim (sth., that sth. is so) through clothing, etc.; give (an example); also, exemplify (justice, a grammatical form); ~ under, glossing subostenden v.; (d) to teach (sth., that sth. should be done); (e) to reveal (sth.), expose; make (sth.) visible, make conspicuous; also, illustrate (sth.), highlight; also, find (a friend), discover; ~ oute; ben sheued, be apparent; (f) refl. to reveal oneself, reveal oneself (as sth.); appear (to sb.); expose oneself (as sth.), give oneself away; also, be favorable (to sb.); ben sheued, be revealed.
6.
(a) To treat (sb.) with (a certain kind of behavior, some quality, passion, etc.); bestow (grace, mercy, etc. on sb.); behave (in a certain way toward sb.); -- also refl.; ~ ayenes, visit (wrath) on (sb.); ~ of (in), bestow (grace, mercy) on (sb.); (b) to put into effect (a virtue, vice), exercise; act with (intelligence, courtesy, fidelity, etc.); express (anger, folly, etc.); ~ forth; ~ oute; (c) to bestow (mercy, grace); act with (partiality, rigor, etc.); also, send (the Holy Ghost) [quot.: St.Erk.]; (d) to demonstrate intentionally (power, skill, etc.), make manifest; ~ forth; (e) to give an outward indication of (sth.), evince; give an outward indication (that sth. is so); also, give (an outward indication of sth.); ~ oute; on manere sheuinge, uniform, single-minded.
7.
(a) To make known (sth., that sth. is so), make clear, report; tell, tell of (sth.); tell (sth. to sb.); -- also without obj.; describe (sth.); declare (one's love); ~ forth; (b) law to make a formal statement of (a complaint, grievance, etc.); (c) to make a public announcement of (sth.), proclaim; proclaim (that sth. is so, sth. to be so); declare (sth. to sb.); introduce (sb.), announce; profess membership in (a religious order), profess (a faith); pronounce (sb. excommunicate); refl. make oneself known, announce oneself; also, pronounce oneself (absolved); ~ acursed, pronounce excommunication; ~ for, designate (sb.), opt for; ~ oute, of the sun: ?proclaim (the work of God); ?make an announcement, make itself known; (d) to narrate (a history, tale, etc.); -- also without obj.; tell (about sb.); (e) to speak; also, prate, babble; talk (to sb.); speak (sth.), say; utter (slander); ~ forth; ~ oute; (f) to refer to (sth.), indicate; of an arithmetical figure: stand for (a certain number), represent; ben sheued, be directed (at sth.), refer (to sth.); be referred to (by a certain word), be called (by a certain name).
8.
(a) To teach (sb.), teach (sb. sth., that sth. is so, to do sth.); state (sth.) authoritatively, teach, preach; preach (Christ); ~ of, instruct (sb.) about (sth.); also, teach about (sth.) [quot.: PPl.C vr.]; (b) to explain; explain (sth., sth. to sb.); explain the scope of (a treatise) [quot.: c1440]; expound (Scripture, the law); interpret (a dream); (c) to put forward (a proof, an argument, interpretation, example, etc.); cite (Scripture); also, assert (sth., that sth. is so); (d) to prove (sth.); -- also with grammatical subj. hit in passive constr.; show cause (why sth. should be done); prove (oneself to be sth.).
9.
(a) To disclose (sth. secret), reveal, discover; disclose (sth. to sb.); also, be disclosed (to sb.) [quot.: a1456]; also, of God: make revelation [quot.: a1398]; ~ herte, disclose one's state of soul; ~ oute; (b) to confess (a sin), confess (a sin to sb.); -- also without obj.; ~ confessioun (lif, shrift); ~ oute; (c) refl. to make oneself known, disclose (to sb.) who one is; also, declare one's love; also, of truth: become known.
10.
(a) To bring out (sth.), produce, provide; offer (entertainment), make (sport); fulfill (a wish); provide (an occasion, excuse); provide (a model or an example for sb.); also, hand (a timber beam to sb.); also, serve at table; (b) to extend (a hand, hands), stick out (horns); proffer (one's body, oneself) in combat; ~ forth, put out (one's hand); also, stretch out (a finger), extend; (c) to produce (a document, seal) for inspection; bring (a letter) to (someone's) attention; render (an account); produce (evidence); also fig.; ~ forth; (d) refl. to come into view, appear; also, fig. be plain, be obvious.
11.
(a) To perform (a miracle), give (a miraculous sign); also, produce (a magical effect); also, show wonders [quot.: Cursor, 1st]; (b) to bring about (sth.), effect, cause; create (a soul); perform (a service); ~ fore, of God: be provident, provide, ordain; ~ o, bring (blessings) to (mankind); ~ upon, bring (evil) on (sb.); also, mete out (vengeance) for (sth.); (c) to emit light, shine; emit sounds, belch; send out (flame, light), emit; utter (sounds), produce (an eructation); ~ on, shine on (sth.), illuminate; ~ oute; (d) to reflect (sth.); (e) refl. to come about, occur, happen.
12.
In misc. senses: (a) to delegate (to sb. the expression of a general opinion); (b) ~ oute, in literal transl. of L explicare to accomplish, finish off; (c) ?errors for seuen v.(1) [quot.: Lanfranc may belong to sheuen v.(1) 5.(b) & quot.: a1450 to 3.(a)]; (d) ?error for iknouen v.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1359 : With that woord out of the place he goth, Shewyg [read: shewyng] a cheer lik as he wer wroth.
  • Note: New spelling: ppl. (error) shewyg.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1500 ?Scrope Ribot First Monks (Lamb 192)45/29 : To be anoyntyd or to be avaunsyd of me thow schal schewyn-befor [L prenunciabis] Azael into kyng of Syrie.
  • Note: Ed.: "schewyn-befor 'prophesy'."
    Note: Additional quot.(s) for sense 1.(c): to predict, foretell; foresee (sth.), foretell; ~ aforn (beforen).
  • c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)10 : Whan sche [St. Cecilia] had so fully al the manere of his [Christ's] lyf ouer gone, sche bygan aȝeyne, and so, with a likynge and swete tast goostly schewynge in that manere the gospel of crist, sche sette and bare it euere in the priuete of her brest.
  • Note: Quot. needed for date in sense 9.(a).--per MLL