Middle English Dictionary Entry
sā̆d adj.
Entry Info
Forms | sā̆d adj. Also sad(d)e, (N & ?NWM) said, (K) zed & (early) sæd, sead, sed & (error) sað; comp. sadder(e, (N) saddare. |
Etymology | OE sæd, oblique sad-. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Sated, surfeited; satisfied; ben ~ of, to be weary or tired of (sb. or sth.); (b) as noun: satiety, weariness.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10393 : Iþonked wurðe Drihtene..þat Childric þe stronge is sad of mine londe.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)75 : Ich nam noht giet sad of mine sinnes..ne mai ich hie noht forlete, ac oðer ich mai ben sed þeroff, and þanne ich wille hem forleten.
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)30 : Heo neuer ne beoð sead þi ueir to iseonne.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)452 : Þe more ich singe þe more i mai..Ac noþeles noȝt ouerlonge; Wane ich iso þat men boþ glade, Ich nelle þat hi bon to sade.
- ?a1300 Maximian (Dgb 86)253 : Hoe makeþ me selden gled, Mi wif þat sholde be; Of me hoe is al seed.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)4661 : Claudien þe kaisere sad [Clg: sað] was fihte; his folk fleh in-to sipe vt of þan londe.
- a1350 Wiþ longyng (Hrl 2253)5 : A maide marreþ me..selden y am sad þat semly forte se.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2655 : Þei of þat cite of þo segges al sad were.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.877 : Yet of that art they kan nat wexen sadde.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1117 : Hyt were bettyr holde here land Þan begge hyt at a-nouþers hand; Men wexen sone sadde of hem þat craue.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1270 : I haue liued so mani a yere..þat o mi lijf I am al sad.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23436 : Of him sadd [Phys-E: said; Trin-C: wery] sal þou neuer be.
- c1425 Evang.(BodAdd C.38)1450 : Of betyng when þei were sade, þei did as pilat hem bade.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)203/38 : Þat is þe blissedhede of aungelis..þat..may neuere be wery ne sad of byholdinge of þe Holy Trinite.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)847 : A grett geaunte..has fretyn of folke mo than fyfe hondrethe..And ȝitt es that sotte noghte sadde, so wele hym it lykez.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)716 : To serve hym was there no man sad.
b
- ?c1250 PMor.(Eg 613(1))388 : Crist..is muchele mare and betere þanne alle oþere þinges..of him to sene nis no sed [Trin-C: sæd].
2.
(a) Firmly established, fixed, settled; ~ foundement, firm foundation; cacchen so ~ a fot, to become so firmly established; maken ~, fix (sth.) firmly, establish; (b) of a parcel of land: ?marked out, with boundaries fixed; (c) of a person: firm, steadfast; constant; faithful, righteous; ben ~ in sinne, to be set in sinful ways; continuen ~ in feith, remain firm in faith; lasten ~ in, remain firm in (good purpose); (d) of belief, faith, etc.: steadfast; of laws, intent, a promise, etc.: firm, sure; of a rule: strict, firm; haven ~ feith, to have firm faith; maken ~, confirm (sth.), affirm, make good.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)140/298 : Þyse wordle he made..Ine daȝes sixe..So þat hyt was god and sad.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 38.6 : Where were þou whan I sette þe foundementis of þe erþe?..vp on what þe feet of it ben sad [WB(2): maad fast; L solidatæ]?
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 6.48 : Flood was hurtlid to that hous, and it myȝte not moue it, for it was foundid on a sad stoon.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Tim.2.19 : The sad [L firmum] foundement of God stondith.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)258 : Þenne he seos Ihesu crist in a sad Roode.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.226 : Erthe..in his forme is schape round Substancial, strong, sadd, and sound.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.17.5 : He took of the seed of the erthe and puttide it in the erthe for seed, that he shulde make sad [WB(2): stidfast] the root vpon manye watris.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Is.54.2 : Make longe thi roopis, and make sad [L consolida] thi nailis.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)2941 : Fauel hath caght so sad foote In lordes court, he may naght þens slyde.
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)368/21 : To þe whiche byleve trewe men, leeuynge as to a sadde foundemente, hauen..certeynte þere-of.
b
- a1500 Partenay (Trin-C R.3.17)576 : Cutte that pece into thwanges smal..ther-of A fardell do ye make, And..take, And lete it noght be leste [read: lefte] to do..But men deliuere to yow your lande sad Aboute this clere well and ful fair fontain.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)83/20 : Non ne is aryȝt preus..þet ne ys hardy and zyker to greate þinge ondernime..zed [Vices & V.(2): stedefast] and stable uor to uolȝy.
- c1400(1389) Wycl.25 Art.(Dc 273)485 : Olde seyntis þat beste couthen holy writte ande were saddest in feythe affermed hit not.
- c1390 Psalt.Mariae(1) (Vrn)1162 : I am god, Nouȝt chaungynge, but al sad.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1047 : He so ofte had doon to hire offence, And she ay sad and constant as a wal.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)9.39 : Synnes þe sad man seuene tymes in þe day.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)11.309 : Arn none raþere yrauisshid fro þe riȝte beleue Þanne arn þise grete clerkis..Ne none sonnere ysauid ne saddere of consience, Þanne pore peple as plouȝmen.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.126 : He shulde teche þes worldly men to laste sadde in good purpos and to drede to folde fro treuþe, as Pilat dide, for an yvel cause.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)106/15 : The dyamand..maketh a man more strong & more sad [F pluis ferme] aȝenst his enemyes.
- a1450(a1397) WBible(2) GProl.(Hrl 1666)p.41 : The book of Wijsedom..comendith myche iust men, sad in bileeue and vertuouse lyuynge.
- c1450 How mankinde dooþ (Lamb 853)539 : If a man in synne be sadde..Of such a man god is moore gladde Þan of a childe þat neuere dide synne.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)234 : Sho sall be to þe a sadde frende.
- a1456 Compleyne ne coude (Add 16165)9 : I am youres, and to yowe sadde and truwe.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)29/23 : Ryth sovereyn fadyr, semely sad and sure, euer we thank ȝow.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)33/1 : Thow art Peter..sadde as stone; therfore vpon thy sadnes I shall bylde my chirche.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)996 : Kyng Bokkus..in þe feith contynued right sad.
d
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1371 : Al saxoyne was set wiþ wel sadde lawes.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1463 : Sad seurte was sikered on boþe sides..þat menskful mariage to make.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.397 : On hir knees they setten hem adoun With humble herte and sad deuocioun.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.2.2 : If the ilke word that is seyd by aungels is maad sad [Dub 75 adds: or affermyd; L firmus], and ech trespassyng..and vnobedience took iust retribucioun of mede, how schulen we ascape?
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.310 : Contricioun auaileth nat with outen sad purpos of shrifte if man haue oportunitee.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)11/5 : Þe tymber of oure hous is of cedre and cypresse þat schal neuer rote, þat is, strong pacience and sad parseueraunce in tribulacioun.
- a1425 This blessyd boke (LdMisc 286)46 : Errour in hit is ther non..euery word is sad as stone and sothly sayd, ful sykerly.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.10.37 : Ther may no man doute that ther nys som blisfulnesse that is sad, stedefast, and parfyt.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)56 : How grete and how sad was her feith and byleue that suche a litell childe..schulde be verray god.
- (1449) Rec.Norwich 2279 : It is now conceyued and assented and to enformacion and encres of good rewle and fortefyenge of pes and sadde gouernaunce in the saide cite and craftis to ben had.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)155/13 : In eche doute and drede euermore a man shulde cast his herte to god wiþ a sad trust.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2)657 : A bysschope..confermeth & maketh sad þat at þe preste be-forn hath mad.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)196 : Now I sytte, Satanas, in my sad synne.
- (1454) Proc.Privy C.6.220 : It is..necessarie to advise, ordeyne, and stablissh a sadde and a substanciall reule in the Kingis houshold.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)64/5 : Þat her graunt shold be sure & sad, she strengthid hit with her seele.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)63/12 : Men and woymen yn old tyme..dyddyn grownd hom yn sadde loue to God.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)126/2 : Whan shal þere be sad pes, pes imperturbable and sure, pes wiþ in & wiþoute?
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2983 : Sho assemblid hir seruandes with a sad wille, Hade hom radly arayed..To seche to Sitheria for solempne avowe.
3.
(a) Hard, rigid; of ground: firm, unyielding; of a valley: ?rocky, rugged; of animal flesh: tough; (b) thick; maken ~, to condense (sth.); make (sth.) thick; compress (sth.); (c) heavy, weighty; (d) solid, not hollow or porous; dense, compact; of a wall or barrier: without an opening; of gold ~, of solid gold; (e) solid, as opposed to liquid or vaporous; also fig.; (f) of a number of persons or beasts: forming a compact body; in a ~ somme, in close rank; mani ~ hundred (thousand); (g) med. & physiol. of a part of the body, tissue, a morbid growth, etc.: firm, dense, solid; of a scar: hard; ben made ~, to be constipated.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 37.18 : Þou..with hym forgedest heuenes, þat most sad, as with bras, ben foundid.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.21.13 : Lo I to þee, dwelleresse of þe sadde valei & wilde feld..þat seyn, 'who shal smyten vs?'
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)199a/b : Þe stoon of þe which bras is..is most sad and hard.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)280a/b : Þe hert..doþ here hornes in þe hete of þe sonne to make hem sadde and harde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)289b/b : Hire fleissh is more drye and more sadde þan þe fleissh of soukyng calues..& is more tendre..þan þe fleisshe of an olde oxe oþer of an olde cow.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.198 : In prison was he bonden..In cheynes..With iren nayles sad..his fete was schod.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)440 : Sad, or hard: Solidus.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.315 : Thyn hous..Let make hit vp..And sette hit sumdel hie..for saddir ground & drie.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)2.173 : Vynes preueth best yf they Be sette anoon aftir the spade or plough, Er then the lond be woxen sadde or tough.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)8/38 : In þis Ile also..be..quarreis of marbulle of dyuers coloures, reed and white, soft and sadde.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.381 : Seynte Wulstan, takynge his pastoralle staffe, fixede hit at the feete of seynte Edwarde kynge..in a sadde [Trev.: hard; L solida] stonne.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)15b/b : The þridde ordre is þe ordre of Trones..þey buth..sad [L compacte] setes, for þey buth couenabliche and conuenientliche I-ioyned.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)305a/b : Hete gadereþ togideres þinges of oon name and oon kynde and makeþ..þikke and sadde [L condensat] and dymme.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)85b/a : Douteþ many men..þat a sadde [Ch.(2): þikke] tent be not put þere, for it haldeþ sanie in þe place; bot a canulate or a doublede, þat þe sanie may contynuelly go out.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)161b/b : It is forsoþ to be war þat he slepe nouȝt bot if þe medicyne be in sadde [Ch.(2): þicke; L solida] substaunce.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)171a/a : He was wunte to adden as moche litarge þer to as myȝte ben encorperde þer wiþ to þat it was as sadde as paste.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)440 : Saddyn, or make sadde: Solido, consolido.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.742 : Ox dong aboute her roote if that me trete, The pomes sadde [L spissa] & braune wil hit gete.
- c1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(2) (Hrl 4016)92 : Take mylke scalding hote, And take eyren..and drawe hem thorgh a streynour and caste to þe mylke..whan it croddeth..streyne it in a cloth..and bete on þe clothe with a ladell or a Skymour, to make sad or flatte.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)181/20 : Þe erth is in þe myddis of alle elementis, and it is þe mor thyk substauns and sadder essencially.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)119 : Now..we..turne..to our tale towarde þese chylderen..An holy hermyte..noryscheth hem vp..Of sadde leues of þe wode wrowȝte he hem wedes.
c
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3235 : Þe dameseles..cast out stones gret & sade oppon hem þat wer with-oute.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6907 : For sadde burdons that men taken Make folkes shuldris aken.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.448 : Thoruh Perse he ladde Valerian, bounde with chenys round & sadde.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.80 : A sadder vyne a bigger stake olofte Mot holde.
- (1441) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)266 : He shall see the bred sesond, and if it be to sad or to lighte, it shall be sent in to Chepe.
- c1450(c1353) Winner & W.(Add 31042)146 : Iche one hase of henppe hynged a corde, Seled with a sade lede.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)223/406 : In feyth it is An hevy ston Ryth sad of weyth and hevyof peys.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)117a/b : Þe sterris..ben rounde in substaunce and bene sadde and sound nouȝ holouȝ.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)210b/b : A tree wiþ many holes and poores haþ moche ayre wiþinne þe poores, and þerfore it fleteþ..but treen þat beþ most sad and faste, as ebenus and oþere suche, synkeþ in water.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)332b/b : Þe more sadde a body is, þe more heuy it is, and þe more schere and þynne, þe more liȝt it is y-founde.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5578 : Of pure golde two grete ymages Jn þe cee stonden..After Ercules hij weren ymad, And after his fader, of golde sad.
- (c1400) Higd.(1) (Hrl 1900)7.537 : He..feled a dym thing and a sad walwe bitwene hym and his wif.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ex.38.7 : Thilke auter was not sad [WB(1): massye; L solidum], but holowe..and voide withynne.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)61a/b : Solidus: sad or massif.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)44a/a : Ȝif þer were enye þinge engenderde off þe nature of her þat were sadde, as is þe skinne, þe fume oþer þe smoke myȝte not liȝtlye passe þurȝ it.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)146/433 : Genciane shuld be..hevy, and with jn ȝelow, and nat holough, but sad.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)39/25 : Þe sunne, þe moone, and a candil helden forþ her liȝt about hem in ech wey of space but if þei be lettid bi wallis or stockis or oþire sad bodies not able to receyue liȝt.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)17a/b : If þer were a sad þing, as þe skyn or sich anoþir engendrede of þe kynde of þe heer, þe fumositees of þe heed ne myȝte not passe out so liȝtly.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)9738 : Þe brain of þe olde Ben sadder and more may with-holde Þan of a ȝonge men þat ben light.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judith 5.12 : On eiþer side þe watris as wallis weren maad sad [L solidarentur], & þei..passeden ouer.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)139b/a : The lyghtenynge þat hiȝte ffulmen is vapour I-set on fuyre, and is faste and sad and falliþ doun wiþ grete swiftnes.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Heb.5.12 : Ȝe beþ y-maad so þat ȝou byhofeþ mylk & no sad [L solido] mete.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.259 : Þer mete was þer bileve þat þei hadden of sadde þingis, and þer drynke was þer bileve þat þei hadden of moist þingis.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)172b/b : Þe more sadde þat þe corrosiue is in substaunce, as in gobet oþer paste oþer stone oþer pouder, þe more strongelie it worcheþ & dwelleþ þe longer on þe place.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)333 : Sir Alysaunder alle þe worlde wanne, Bothe the see and the sonde and the sadde [vr. said] erthe.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)53/2 : Flesche oweþ to be lefte alle the tyme of Quadragesime, and that as wele sad flesche as tendre or meltyd.
f
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)815 : Sone assembled hym to many sadde hundred Þat wolden wrecken þe wounde oþer wo habben.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2614 : Þe multitude..sammed was on aiþir side, many sadd thousand.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3883 : He..Slaes of þa serpentis many sadd hundreth.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5559 : Þare fande he bestis..Þai sett in a sadd sowme & sailid his kniȝtis.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)196/9 : They shypped their horsis and..all maner of ordynaunce that fallyth for the werre..And thus they strekyn forth into the stremys many sadde hunderthes.
g
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)37a/a : A membre is a stedfast and a sad partye of a beest.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)70a/a : Þe reines oþer þe kidneyes ben sadder in substaunce þen oþer members.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)172b/a : A corrosiue medicine..consumeþ oþer doeþ aweye fro a mannes bodie þat is sadde oþer continue.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)176b/a : Good fleische is sadder þen is fleische þat is not good.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)60/35 : Blode is norischyng of al membrez, als wele of sadde as of softe.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)115/35 : Of growynges oute, some be conteyned in a bagge or in a closette, and some..ben sadde [*Ch.(1): infiltrate; L infiltrate] in þe flesche.
- a1450 Chauliac(4) (Cai 336/725)27/21 : Of vlcer þat is hard or sad, with swartnes of þe brinkis.
- a1450 12 PTrib.(3) (Bod 423)57/14 : The body somtyme of him that resceiueth the medicyn is not ypurged therwith..ffor the matere that shuld be purged is to harde and to sad.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)186 : Ley þis medecyne vp-on þe raþer [vein that is cut] til þer be a sad seme vp-on þe place þat was sore.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)24b/a : Vuea..is lijk þe pellicle of a grape greyne, & sche is sutil and sad.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)169b/b : A gristle is a sad membre & a drie and þerfore it mai not be soudid.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)172/32 : Qwan þe sonne is in þe decens, þe natur of þe wombe is made sad [Lambeth: ys costyf; L constringitur] and also losyd.
4a.
Of a person, group of nuns: (a) grave, sober, serious; dignified, solemn; discreet, wise; stern; ?also, trustworthy [quot.: Godstow Reg.]; ~ tempred, moderate, sober; (b) ~ in apport (dede), ~ of bering (governaunce, manere, port), sober in behavior; ~ in (of) chere, ~ of contenaunce (lok, semblaunt), sober of look; ~ in word, ~ of saues, wise in speech; ~ of counseil, wise in judgment; ~ of wit, ?over subtle; (c) pensive, thoughtful; (d) skilled, learned; ful ~ of, well versed in (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.29 : He was..so sad [Higd.(2): of so sadde conversacion; L tantæ..soliditatis] from his childhode, he chaunged nevere he [vr. his] semblant for sorwe noþer for ioye.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.754 : Whan thise tidynges cam to Grisildis..hir herte was ful wo, But she ylike sad for euere mo.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4804 : Þe first of birþe..Was worþi Ector..Flour of manhod..Sadde & discret & prudent.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)877/38 : Þou..Most circumspect..Saad & demvre, like to Iosue.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)35/11 : Sad man & whiȝs wol joiȝe of þi presens.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)42a/a : Moderatus: sadde temperid.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)58/6 : It was hys wyl..ȝef I knew any ȝong preste þat me thowt sad & wel dysposyd, þat he xuld han þis boke.
- (1440) in Gross Gild Merch.2.249 : The Mayer shall haue the kepyng of one of the lytel keyes, and, in his absence, the Constable and one of the sadest and weldesposed Prest of Saynt Johns Gylde.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)440 : Sad or sobyr..maturus; Sad, or sobyr wythe owte lawhynge: Agelaster.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.Diet.(Sln 3534)63 : In youth be lusty, sadde when þu art olde.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)129 : Sure experience may be had, how ofte euer eny of tho persoones talken..eernestli..with a sad and weel leerned clerk.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)39.552 : Whanne he Cam to his Middyl Age, he wax A man bothe sad and Sage.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.284 : The sustres, as many as may after the discrecion of the priores and saddeste sustres, schal be togyder in ther quyer, nothynge syngynge, but deuoutly praynge.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.286 : Ther schal none abbes..be made..but suche one as al the couente..by comen assente, or by the more party of the..sustres in nomber, and the sadder party after the drede of God and the rewle of Saynte Sauiour, chese in to ther abbes.
- (1467) Ordin.Wor.379 : It ys ordeyned..that ther be electe and chosen..ij sadde and discrete persones..to sitte with the auditor in tyme of audite as Juges.
- (1467) Ordin.Wor.382 : That ther be ordeyned vppon the eleccion day ij ale conners of sadd and discrete persones to se that the ale be good and sete.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)15019 : Thow art off wyt..To be fals and deceyvable; Be fals inward, and outward sad.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)98/1 : That same preest..shold behote, afore good men and sadde..hymself to kepe for his powere.
- a1500(a1470) Brut-1461(1) (Add 10099)523/16 : Þe comons..wer in purpose forto haue rongen þe comon bell which is named Bow Bell, but þei wer lett bi sad men.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)92/13 : Ȝif..any werke be for to do wiþ inne þe Abbey &..seculeris persones muste enter þere for þat, þan þe Abbesse puruoye & ordeyne iii sustris wise, sad, & vertuouses of þe Couent, whiche kepe hem in silence to alle þo persones.
b
- c1390(?a1350) Trental St.Greg.(1) (Vrn(1))5 : A good stori Þe Pope..wrot..Of his Modur..So sad of Maner, so mylde of Mood, Þat alle men heolden hire holi and good.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)179b/b : The men þer of ben semelych and fayre of body and..sadde [L matura] of beryng.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)9.112 : He was..Sad of his semblaunt & of a softe speche.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)887 : Þe aldermen so sadde of chere, Her songe þay songen neuer þe les.
- c1400 *Trev.Higd.(Tbr D.7)261a : Vor a was corteys..myȝty of stringþe & sad of consayl.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1320 : After him foloweth al þe pres, Ful wel arraied..Of countenaunce sad and ful demwre.
- a1456(c1422) Lydg.Glo.Marriage (Trin-C R.3.20)85 : She is descreete and wonder sadde In hir appoorte.
- (?c1436) Duke Burgundy (Rome 1306)110 : Be trew of promesse and sadde of gouernance.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.2931 : Ther cam tuelue..Of olde mene chose of the Senat, Sad of ther port, demvre & temporat.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)963 : He was sad of his semblant.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)23919 : She was of gret sobrenesse..saad of look and ek of cher.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.201 : Wolde þey..coile out þe knyȝtys..Þat were sad of her sawis..and temprid hem-self..þe world wolde amende.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)4.66 : Some were so soleyne and sad of her wittis Þat, er þey come to þe clos, acombrid þey were, Þat þei þe conclucion þan constrewe ne couþe.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.214 : Men of perfeccion & of holy chirche schuldyn nout ben iaperys..but sad in cher, in word, & dede.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)5550 : Off all trewe consell shall I be sadde, And mercy axe ther non may be hadde.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)914 : Faire wedir þanne þei had, Ioying þerof..And of chere wondre sad.
c
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)44/13-14 : 'Why ar ye so sad?' 'I may well be sad..For ryght now there was a chylde here, and tolde me many thynges that mesemythe he sholde nat knowe.'
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)163/21 : This wyse prynce, whan he sawe..his people wer so sadde [F pensifz]..in their opinion..thought to ease their hartis.
d
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1485 : Of his sonnes..The fourth was a philosoffer, a fyne man of lore, In þe Syense full sad of þe seuyn Artes.
4b.
(a) Of one's disposition, demeanor, countenance, etc.: sober, serious, grave; stern; also, unmoved, composed [quot.: c1395]; maken ~ chere, ?to assume an obstinate or inflexible attitude; (b) of a thought, daydream: sober, pensive; of words, counsel, reason, etc.: wise, considered; of a rebuke: stern; (c) of the heart, mind, will: sober, serious; of the wit: wise, discreet; (d) of discretion, learning, teaching, etc.: prudent, sober; in polite address: your ~ discreciouns (wisdoms); ~ sight (silence, soun), a sober sight (silence, sound); ~ treuthe, sincerity, seriousness; in ~ wise, in a sober manner; sadder yeres of discrecioun, a soberer age, an age of greater discretion; (e) maken a ~ purpos, to make a solemn vow.
Associated quotations
a
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)228 : Of lere ne of lykame lik him nas none, ne of so sad a semblant.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2985 : With a sad visage he siked stille, And after that right thus he seyde his wille.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.693 : If that he Ne hadde soothly knowen..That parfitly hir children loued she, He wolde haue wend that..of malice or of cruel corage..she hadde suffred this with sad visage.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)211 : A pyȝt coroune ȝet wer þat gyrle..Her semblaunt sade for doc oþer erle.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1408 : Polymyte, with cheer and face sad, vnto þe kyng..Seyde he was born in thebes þe Cite.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.21.29 : A wickid man makith sad [WB(1): stablith; L obfirmat] his cheer vnschamefastli, but he that is riȝtful amendith his weie.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)57 : Byholde also the childe Jesu, how he speketh not, but stant with a manere of sad semblant.
- (c1448) Rec.Norwich 1345 : John Gladman of Norwich..is a man of sad disposicion and true and fethful to God.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)860 : Whiche eyen my lady hadde! Debonaire, goode, glade, and sadde.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)65/10 : Gilberd..in so ȝong age had so sad condiciones and so grete zel to lede soules to heuene.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.165 : A woman, perceyvenge his sadde disposicion, brouȝhte to hym thre pottes fulle of golde.
- ?a1475 Banester Guiscardo (Add 12524)53 : Euery day hyr fayrnes anewyd, For it wes sadde, demwre, and benynge.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)102/4 : Fayer facounde..longith to a prynce, with the fayer porte and sadde countenaunce and goodly demeanyng of his persone.
- a1500 Mercy me (Sln 1212)31 : In myn herte enprentyd is..ȝour sad demenyng, off wil noȝt variabyl, off look benygne.
b
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)18.264 : Men sholde seo by sad reyson That men myghte nat be sauede bote þorw mercy and grace.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)121/10 : A man sleiȝliche kepiþ him fro þe charme of þe deuel..stoppinge oure on ere wiþ a sad þouȝt of oure laste ende.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)14/2 : Minot with mowth had menid to make Suth sawes & sad for sum mens sake.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)62/19 : Ayens Amphoras sadde counsell..Go not to distroye, for than thou schalte deye.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1159 : To which, with wordes sobre and sadde, Answerde he þus!
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)242/13 : So sad vndirnymmyng letteþ freell peple from synne, and inspeciall from lechery.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)156/4640 : Not kowde y ellis but wandir vp & downe, Musyng in my wakyng dremys sad.
- (1453) Let.Oxf.in OHS 35320 : We..consideryng also the sadde and vertuose conversacione of the saide master Nicholas..admittyd the said master Nicholas to hys purgacione.
- (1454) Proc.Privy C.6.221 : Soo greet a nombre of people canne nor might easely be kept in the said houshold..but of verray necessitee must be..reduced to a resonnable and acompetent felisship..after ripe and sadde comunicacion hadde amounge theymself.
- (1465) Paston (EETS)1.135 : It is god a lord take sad cowncell, or he begyne any sech mater.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.500 : I sey womans wytte [vr. counceill] is good and resonable..ffull sure, full sadde, and right aggreable.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)137/2 : To the purpos of the sadde [F saige] aduys of the capteyn that amonysheth well his people, Titus Lyueus seith, [etc.].
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)3926 : He thought, be good and sad avise, he wold not sle hym in noo hasty wise.
c
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1876 : The stable herte, sadde and kynde..in these wymmen men may alday fynde.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)67/25 : Haue good sad mynde vppon Persyual.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10383 : Wymmen..Lesse..ben þan man of witt..Were her wit sad, as of a man, Men shulde of hem..Domesmen and iustices make.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)248 : When Pelleus..hade..all soburly said with a sad wille, Jason was Joly of his Juste wordes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)520 : Þai might say by hom-self all þere sad wille.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.237 : He noght with wantowne lookyng of folye His eyen caste on hire, but in sad wyse.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)595 : Þat haþel he honorez, Sendez hym a sad syȝt to se his auen face.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4249 : Cassandra..Aboute ran in subbarbe and in strete, And crieth euer..Þei take noon hede to hir sadde trouþe, Nor to hir wordis.
- (1429) RParl.4.337b : We shull have knowelech of gode and sadde governance in every partie of this your seid Roialme.
- (1429) RParl.4.338b : Ye Kyng shall..come to sadder yeres of discretion.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.3757 : He..preferrid his sensualite To haue lordshep & domynacioun A-boue sad trouthe and discrecioun.
- (1439) LRed Bk.Bristol2.170 : Plese it to youre most sadde discrecions forto oversee the seid ordenaunces.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)91 : Without him, the sad forth leding and reuling and the firme stabiling of al the chirche..may not be had and doon.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)17a : Þe whiche craft of schetinge nediþ to haue wise techynge, sad lernynge, and..besy vsinge.
- ?a1450(?c1400) Wycl.LFCatech.(Lamb 408)45/686 : Pay..confort hym to do hys offys trewly in sad techynge of holy wryt.
- (1454-5) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)365 : It like youre sadd wisdoms to ordeign..that no manere of persone of the said craft..do make nor werke eny werke belongyng to the said craft.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)46/1 : So with sad gostly living: it wille growe in to an eere of myghtier strength.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)1/4 : So þou..lystenyth to oure talkyng with sylens stylle and sad.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)193/3 : We bere vpon us the vnhappy mischaunce, of the whiche we may..come out by grete diligence of trauale and wysely..to chastise our hastinesse by the suerte of good and sad temperaunce.
- c1475 Why Nun (Vsp D.9)194 : Hyt was a howse of nunes..Of dyuers orderys..But not welle gouernede..Aftyr the rewle of sad levyng.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)324 : Þen sayd he wyt a sadde soun, [etc.].
- a1500(a1471) Ashby APP (Cmb Mm.4.42)113 : So youre bringyng vp hath be right sad.
- -?-(1467) Will in Som.RS 16198 : By your sadde wisdomes, his soule, my fadirs, and myne may be in noo perell therefor.
e
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)35/16 : Þe receyver, in þe eukarist receiving, schulde..make a sad purpos to god þat he wole be oon to god and to his neiȝbore in charite.
5.
(a) Unhappy, sorrowful; (b) expressive of sorrow; (c) causing grief, lamentable; ~ sorwe, sorwe ~.
Associated quotations
a
- a1300 A Mayde Cristes (Jes-O 29)50 : Monnes luue nys buten o stunde: nv he luueþ, nv he is sad.
- a1400 Prov.Wisd.(Bod 9)35 : Of þi sorow be not to sade; Of þi joye be not to glade.
- a1400 Sluggy & slowe (Lamb 523)6 : Laghynge & playynge, full seld y am sad.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2748 : Hope..bad sche schulde be riȝt mery and glad, Til drede a-geyn-warde made hir sober & sad.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3948 : Was neuer oure semliche kynge so sorowfull in herte, Ne þat sanke hym so sade, bot þat sighte one.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)1265 : Al our lyf..Ys but a maner exile here, Of which he ought to be sad.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)175/213 : Merthis þerfore make ȝe, and be ryght no thynge sadde.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)181 : Þei be wanton now, but þen xall þei be sade [rime: hade].
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)358 : Hit was a game of gret solas..Therof þai were noght sade.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)38 : The kyng..An huntyng went..Whanne he was sadde, to putte hym in coumfort.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)601 : Melior..wiþ a sad sikyng seide to hire þanne, [etc.].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.552 : She..preyde..That she moste kisse hir child er that it deyde, And..she..With ful sad face..gan the child to blisse.
- (?1406) Hoccl.MR (Hnt HM 111)274 : The sobre, treewe, & weel auysid Wt sad visage his lord enfourmeth pleyn How þt his gouernance is despysid.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5052 : Þar logis he..With sare sighingis & sadd for sake of his wirdis.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)47/133 : Lat be, good fadyr, ȝour sad wepynge.
c
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)648 : Þus was ferst here sad sorwe sesed þat time.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2651 : Þe king bi-seget þe cite..& mani a sad sauȝt his sone þer-to made.
- a1450(?c1405) Lerne bodyly (Dgb 102)33 : Þou haue sorwe sad Whan þou seest folk haue welfare..þou be mery and glad Whan þou wost folk haue sorwe and care.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)652 : Sad sorwe to hem I sende.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)374/44 : Sone schall sesse oure sorowes sadde.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10744 : Ieroboam, kyng of israel, dyed aftur sone with sorows sade.
6.
(a) Of a person, a horse: powerful, mighty, strong; maken ~, to strengthen (sb.); (b) of a wall, tower, etc.: strong, sturdy; maken ~, to strengthen (sth.); (c) in sound condition, well; (d) safe, secure; of medicines: proven, reliable; (e) important.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.34.18 : I shal knowlechen to þee in a gret chirche; in a sad [L gravi] puple I shal preisen þee.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Rom.15.1 : We, saddere, owen for to susteyne..the feblenesse of syke men.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)1 Pet.5.10 : Ȝou, suffringe a litel, he shal parforme, conferme, and make sad [L solidabitque].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)283a/a : In gentil hors and noble, me takeþ hiede..of schappe, þat he be stronge and sadde of body.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3289 : The secunde sir..þat sewede them aftyre Was sekerare to my sighte and saddare in armes.
- c1450(c1353) Winner & W.(Add 31042)193 : Sekere one þat other syde are sadde men of armes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1277 : Þan pollux full pertly aprochet in hast With seuyn hundrithe sad men assemblit hym with.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1738 : We haue a Cite full sure & sad pepull in..Mony knightes full kant & kyd men of Armys.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6244 : He toke with hym..fyue thowsaund..all of fyn knightes..Hym selfe on a sad horse surely enarmyt.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1072 : No strengþe him wiþ-stod of sad stonen walles.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.1.35 : Thei beeldiden the cytee of Dauid with grete wall and sad, and sad [L firmis] toures.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)162a/b : Þow..clepeþ þe erþe solum, ffor it is a sadde element and bereth vp alle elementiss of eueriche body, be it neuere so heuy.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.19.11 : Thi modir as a vynȝerd in thi blood vpon water is plauntid..And sad ȝeerdis ben maad to it in to septris of men hauynge lordship.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ezek.34.16 : Y schal make sad [WB(1): shal coumforte; L consolidabo] that that was sijk.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)17b/b : Þis pannycle is mad..þat he, by his strong byndinge togidere, schulde make ferme & sad þe feble coniunccioun of þe bonys of þe heed.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1544 : The walles vp wroght, wonder to se..Bothe Syker & Sad.
c
- (c1422) Hoccl.Dial.(Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)366 : My sclendre wit feele I as sad and stable As euere it was at any tyme or this.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 3.7 : Peter..toke hise righte honde ande lifte hym vppe, & alssone wore hise lymes made hole ande sadde.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)30/17 : Þat oyle is good to makyn spiritys..sadde and hooll.
d
- c1400 PPl.C (Vsp B.16)11.38 : Sad [Hnt HM 137: Ac ȝut he is saf and sounde].
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)4784 : Ther may no prince in his estate endure, Ne ther-yn any while stande sad, But he be loued.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)19b/5 : Ne I thynke not in this wark to rehersse bot short, fewe, and sad [L probata] medycinis.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4689 : Whanne þe sykenesse of þe pouere man, Þat is his hunger, is wel ouer-gan Wiþ mete and drinke..More delite he haþ in þat Þan he þat is in ricchesse sad And neuere no defaute had.
e
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)45 : Wo worþ ȝow þat tiȝen mynt, aneis, and comyn, and ilke herbe, and leuen þe sadder þings of þe lawe, dome, feiþ, and mercy.
7.
(a) Of a blow, sword stroke, etc.: hard, stout; ~ strok, strok ~; (b) of a touch or grip: firm; also, probing [1st quot.]; (c) of sleep: sound, deep; (d) of travail: hard, sore; of winter: bitter; (e) of fire: violent, blazing; ~ hete, intense ardor.
Associated quotations
a
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2775 : He..set hire a sad strok so sore in þe necke, þat sche top ouer tail tombled ouer þe hacches.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2686 : Þay laide on þe Sarsyns strokes sade as herde as þay miȝt flynge.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)185 : Manyon is þe sadde betyng That to the synful schal be-tyde [L Multa flagella peccatoris].
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1335 : When þe sowdane and i bene mett, A sadde stroke i sall one hym sett.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)21b : Þen schalle þy schott furþere be caried and sadder [L uehementior] strook byde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)305/27 : They drewe their swerdys and gaff many sad strokys.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)175/201 : Now I go to sle hym with strokys sad and sore.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1263 : One caupet with hym kenely..And set hym a sad dynt.
b
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)126/10 : He leyd his hand to þe place whech was sore, groped it, and touchid it with sad felyng, and he felt no sor.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)73a/a : Þou schalt legge þin hand vpon þat membre þat is woundid..and so lete þin hand sliden from þat place doun riȝt to þe wounde wiþ a maner of sad handlynge or þrestinge.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)75b/a : If it be so þat þou mowe not haue sad hold þeron [arrowhead] wiþ þin hondis, þanne þou schalt taken a peire tongis of yren and steel wiþ þe whiche þou schalt taken it out.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)78b/a : Whanne þer is ony membre y brusid in mannes body, what þoruȝ þe sad aȝenstondinge of þe boon..al þat þat is bitwene þilke boon & þe cause muste nedis Ben y brusid wiþ þat same brusure.
c
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)15/329 : Sodanly he fell on ful sad slepe.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)300/26 : Þis lyon..layde hym down & fell apon a sad slepe.
d
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)525 : Sesounez schal yow never sese of sede ne of hervest..Ne þe swetnesse of somer, ne þe sadde wynter.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2895 : Þis reuere at I first rede be rewle of his kynde, As wele in seson of Somere as in þe sad wintre..þat is neuer bot on niȝtis so naytely it fresys.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)51/20 : He es ouercomen be the passion of oure lorde..& be his dede that was done ful erneste & with sadde travayle.
e
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1911 : Hurre thouȝt þat hurre chaufere, þe whyche was of ledde y-made..Was set ouer a feure bothe gret & sadde.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)51/15 : I felle into a saddehete & sayde, 'I see thre thynges: game, scorne, and arneste.'
8.
(a) True, real, genuine; ~ treuthe, soth ~; stonden ~, to be true; (b) unmistakable, certain; (c) at ~ wordes, in plain words, truly.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400 PPl.C (Corp-C 293)6.90 : Sad parfitnesse [Hnt HM 137: It semeth nouht parfytnesse in cytees for to begge].
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)1146 : Certayne ȝhe sall vs make On what wise ȝhe were raysed & howe, Þat ȝe þe sadde truthe till vs take.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.188 : I wol wel confessen and byknowen a thing of ful sad [L solidissimae] trouthe.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)578 : The sed-foul..preyeden hire to seyn the sothe sadde Of this matere.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)2089 : Somtyme saugh I thoo at ones A lesyng and a sad soth sawe, That gonne..drawe Out at a wyndowe for to pace.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.165 : If þise þinges stonden sad and trewe..we may it noght denye.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.92.62b : A man mai bi ȝifte of god han bi times a tastynge and a glemerynge of lif contemplatif..bute þe sadde felynge of it schal he nouȝt han.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.258 : The crowe, anon, hym tolde, By sadde toknes and by wordes bolde, How that his wyf hadde doon hire lecherye.
c
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1920 : Now frynde, vppon faithe and at sad wordes, We purpost neuer plainly Priam to wrathe, Ne offend his frendeship.
9.
Of a color: dark, deep.
Associated quotations
- (1415) Will York in Sur.Soc.4382 : j lectum de worstede, de light blewe et sadde blewe.
- (1449) Will York in Sur.Soc.30151 : Item, iiij peciæ de light blew and sade blew operatæ.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)695 : Where be my gounes of scarlet, Sanguyn, murreye, & blewes sadde & lighte?
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)p.1 : Þe iiij dowterys schul be clad in mentelys..Trewthe in sad grene and Pes al in blake.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)174/542 : Take sadd blew cloth and brenne itt in a rede pott.
- (1454) Will York in Sur.Soc.30177 : Lego Agneti Amyas unam togam de sadgrene.
- (1471) Will York in Sur.Soc.45194 : Diones Barnard, j blak or els j sad blew gyrdyll, gilted.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1845 : Al other blewis, þe sadder that they be, Thei haue las of Ayre & more terrestreite.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)4/10 : To make grene watere..meng..more of þe blew as of þe ȝelewe..and þou schalt haue a leyȝt greyne oþer a sad, as þou wilt.
- c1500 Recipe MSS Hast.in HMC (Hnt HU 1051)1.425 : Then temper it thyk and have a sad blewe.
10.
Great, excessive; ~ age (elde), great age; ~ eting, excessive eating; in a ~ hast, in great haste; mani a ~ yer, many a long year; saddest solas, greatest happiness.
Associated quotations
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)677 : He..made þer-wiþ þe most merþe þat ani man schold, but þan in his saddest solas softili he a-waked.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)657 : For soþely, as says þe wryt, he wern of sadde elde.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1286 : Alle he spoyled spitously in a sped whyle, Þat Salomon so mony a sadde ȝer soȝt to make.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.24/18 : Rayer Ioynyd to hym a certeyne olde mane..to whome was sadde Age and sadnes of Age with experience of longe tyme.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)155/24 : Myche meuyng nor dedis of Venus nor sadde etyng [Lambeth: to eyte mykyl; Abbrev.Trip.: eytinge and drinkynge to miche; Ashmole: moch etyng; L nimia comestio] noyith noȝt þanne so myche as odyr tymis.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7668 : All suyt on þat syre in a sad hast.
11.
In surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1222) Domesday Bk.St.Paul in Camd.6980 : Henricus sadde.
- (1268) Pat.R.Hen.III237 : William Sadelock.
- (1273) Close R.Edw.I61 : Ralph Sad.
- (1287) Close R.Edw.I459 : Walter Sadewatere.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)693 : Albon…Famous in knyhthood lik Iudas Machabe, As Scipion prudent & avisee, Off cheer benygne, discreete & vertuous, Yevyyng counseil sad & compendious.
Note: Additional quote(s)
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.742 : Ox dong aboute her roote if that me trete, The pomes sadde & braune wil hit gete.
Note: Sense 3.(d) comes closest, but no application to fruit.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 Trin-C O.9.39 Recipes (Trin-C O.9.39) 7/1 : Turne þis broun rede colour þat is fatte [read: sadde] and derke into a fayre bryȝt reed colour.
Note: Antedates sense 9. New spelling: (error) fatte.
- a1400 Trin-C O.9.39 Recipes (Trin-C O.9.39) 58/6 : Late hem stonden and boyle vntil ȝe fynde hem so sadde on þe stikke as þe kynde and þe manere of blak sope is.
Note: = 'firm'. Need date, sense 2.(a).