Middle English Dictionary Entry

rīsen v.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

Note: Cp. arisen v.
1.
(a) To stand up, rise to one's feet from a sitting, kneeling, or reclining position; get up from table; of an animal: get to its feet; of a toad: rear up (from a crouching position); ~ ayen (biforen), stand up to greet or honor (sb.); (b) ~ togeder, to stand up together; -- transl. of L consurgere; ~ up, stand up; -- also refl.; up..~ awei, get up and go away; (c) ~ after, to survive, live; ~ never (after, ~ never up, up..) ~ never-more, perish, be dead.
2.
(a) To rise from sleep, get out of bed; wake up, rouse; -- also refl.; (b) ~ oute, to awaken; -- transl. of L exsurgere; ~ togeder, rise from sleep; -- transl. of L consurgere; ~ up, get up; -- also refl.
3.
(a) To rise from the dead, come to life again, be resurrected; ~ from (of) deth, ~ from ded; ~ to (unto) lif, ~ to blisse, rise from death to everlasting life (bliss); ben risen; (b) ~ ayen, to come to life again, be resurrected; ~ up, rise up from the dead; -- also refl.; don ~ up, raise (sb.) from the dead.
4.
(a) To be moved from a lower to a higher position, move upward, ascend; of skin: separate from the body; of bees: fly up into the air; of smoke, fumes, odor, etc.: waft upward, rise; also fig.; of foam, scum: come to the surface of a liquid; ~ togeder, ascend; -- transl. of L consurgere; ~ up; risinge up as adj.: ascending; (b) of a heavenly body: to appear above the horizon, rise; of the sun's rays: spread upward from the horizon, appear; also fig.; of the day: dawn; of dawn: break; ~ up; (c) to extend upward; of land: slope upward; be elevated; also, heave up; (d) to become erect; of hair: stand on end; (e) of water, waves, a flood: to swell, become higher, rise; of the sea: become stormy, become rough; (f) med. of tissues, the dura mater: to swell; of the womb: swell with pregnancy; ben risen up, be swollen; (g) anat. of a nose: to be humped; ppl. risinge as adj.: curved, rounded.
5.
(a) To rise in fortune (rank, wealth, etc.), prosper; achieve eminence, become prominent; ~ up; (b) of a city: to recover from being sacked, be rebuilt; of a nation: become powerful, recover from disaster; ~ togeder, rise; -- transl. of L consurgere; ~ up; (c) to rise to a higher or more perfect moral or spiritual state; arise after a moral or spiritual fall; ~ from (of, oute of), rise from (sin, etc.); ~ up (upward).
6.
(a) To emerge, come out; of an animal: issue from a lair or covert; ~ up; (b) ~ togeder to, to seek after (sb.); -- transl. of L consurgere; don ~ to that sinne, impel (sb.) to that sin; (c) ben risinge to, of advantage, profit: to accrue to (sb.).
7.
(a) To increase in number or amount; of a price: rise; ~ up, mount up; (b) mus. to rise in pitch.
8.
(a) To be stirred by emotion; of the heart: become joyful; be moved; of fleshly desire: be roused; ~ in (in-to) pride, become arrogant; (b) ~ in-to (upon), of emotion, envy, malice, etc.: to come over (sb.), affect.
9.
(a) To rebel, revolt, make a civil uprising; ~ ayen (ayenes, on, upon), revolt against (sb., a kingdom, etc.); ~ ayen pes, make an uprising in breach of the peace; ~ up; ~ with, rise in rebellion with (sb.); ben risen, be in rebellion; (b) to make an assault, attack to kill; resist, make a fight [quot.: c1450]; also, make a verbal attack, slander; ~ ayen (ayenes, in-to, on, to, upon, yen), attack (sb.); refl. ~ ayen, war against oneself or one's inclinations; ~ up; (c) to break out from an ambush; join battle, make war; ~ in (in-to, to) bataille; ~ up; (d) ppl. risinge as noun: one who attacks.
10.
To get busy, stir oneself; -- esp. in impv. or with inf. or that clause; take action; ~ in dom, rise in judgment (on sb.); ~ up.
11.
(a) To come into existence, originate, begin; also, result (from sth.); of suspicion: arise; ~ upon, be founded upon (sth.) [quot.: c1443]; (b) of persons: to be born; also, appear, come on the scene; ~ oute, arise, appear; -- transl. of L exsurgere; ~ up; (c) of plants: to grow, shoot up; also fig.; ~ upon, grow up; ?sone risinge, growing, ripening; (d) of a river: to have its source, take its origin; (e) of wind: to begin to blow; of a storm, storm cloud, etc.: come up, arise; of fire: begin to burn; ~ up; (f) med. of apostemes, pustules, etc.: to appear on the surface of the skin, erupt; of a morbid condition: arise, develop; ~ ayen, appear again, recur; (g) pathol. ppl. risinge as adj.: ?virulent, rebellious, uprising.
12.
(a) To occur, happen, come to pass; take place; of circumstances: arise; (b) to seem, appear.
13.
(a) Of noise, an outcry, etc.: to strike upon the ear; arise, be made; (b) of rumor, report, slander, complaint, etc.: to become current, be spread abroad, be voiced; (c) ?to raise the voice, make noise.
14.
15.
= reisen v.(1): (a) To restore (sb.) to life again; ~ to lif; ~ up agein; (b) ~ up, to lift up (the eyes); (c) to rebuild (a structure), restore; (d) to produce (sth.); (e) to raise (sb.) to a high position; (f) to set up (legs and wings of a cooked bird) in a certain position for serving.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)167/17 : Þe seoueðe þing is uuel wune þet lazre bitacneð…o hwam ure lauerd weop, as þe godspel teleð, & risede & mengde him seoluen & ȝeide lude up on him ear he him arearde.
  • Note: Supplemental material for sense 15?
  • (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)597 : Sir [?read: Ris; ?read: Stirt] up, Grim, and loke wat it menes.
  • Note: Provisionally placed here under risen v., as Skeat suggests & both Sisam (revising Skeat) and Smithers emend (--per REL). As do Zupitza and Holthausen (3 ed.). But 'stirt' (from sterten v.), a common word in Havelok, is also possible, and 'stir' (from stiren v.) not impossible.