Middle English Dictionary Entry
vīne n.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | vīne n.(1) Also vin, viene, vign(e, veine, win(e; pl. vines, etc. & vinnis, winus, winnes, (early) vinen. |
| Etymology | OF vigne, vin(e, AF vinne, viegne, veigne vine. Forms with initial w- may just reflect the usual interchange of v-/w-, but OE wīn- seems to have had the sense ‘vine’ in some cpds. (e.g., wīn-bēam, wīn-lēaf, wīn-geard), and this cpd. element may also have influenced the spelling. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. vini n.
1.
(a) Any plant of the genus Vitis, esp. V. vinifera, a vine; also fig.;—also coll. [a few pl. exx. could also be construed as (b)]; ?also, a twig or branch of a vine [quot. ?1440]; also, a pictorial representation of a vine [quot. c1450(?a1400)]; fruit (licour) of the ~, generacioun of this ~, wine;
(b) a vineyard; also fig.;
(c) ?a grape.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.MPChr.(LdMisc 108)248 : Þe hyne…þeos vynen teoleden.
- a1325 Add.46919 Cook.Recipes (Add 46919)49.31/1 : Hauceleamye: Grape of vine, garette de moutoun; qwen þeos swete þinges beoþ wel ysoden togedre, a lute broþ in þe vergus.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)29/804 : For iesus seyþ þe vygne he hys, And eke þe greyn of wete.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)36/23 : Hi byeþ mest diere…þe vines in flouringe.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3226 : They brende alle the cornes in that lond And alle hire olyueris and vynes eke.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.17.11 : Aliene buriounyng þou shalt sowen in þe dai of þi plaunting bareyn vynes [L labrusca].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.26.29 : I shal nat drinke…of this fruyt of the vyne [Luke 22.18: of the generacioun of this vyne].
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)62/30 : Summe maken forkes and rayles to beren vp þe veyne.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.452 : I wol drynke licour of the vyne And haue a ioly wenche in euery toun.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1068/15 : A vyne hatte vitis and haþ þat name of vinciendo ‘byndynge’, for it is ybounde, And Ysider seiþ þat vitis haþ þat name for it haþ vertu to take soone roote and more, oþer þey beþ ycleped vites in þe plurel for it haþ vertue and might to bynde hemself togideres and beþ perched and trayled and bounde to tryen þat ben nyȝe þerto.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)905 : Whan hyt come to somer tyde, Tyme of þe tempest to vnryde, Here vynys florshede feyre & weyl withoutyn tempest euery deyl.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1299 : Ceres…plente ȝaf vn-to þat regioun Of flesche, fische, vyn, vitaille, and corne.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)105b/a : Take þe aschen of þe oke oþer of kittinge of vines & make lee of hem and wete cloutes in þe lee.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.240 : Strength alway the thegh in thi kittyng; Too hardnes in on wyne [L viticulae] is not to make; The croked…away thow take.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)847 : Ȝe telle us þat ȝe tende nauht to tulye þe erþe…no plaunte winus [L uites].
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3667 : Be-twene þe pelers was piȝt with precious leuys, Gilden wynes with grapis of gracious stanes.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17035 : Cytes and burghes both þei brent…Cornes and wynes [vr. wynnes] shamly þei shent.
- c1450 Bk.GGrace (Eg 2006)15/10 : Sche desyred to have bene a vyene to owre lorde whan this tracte was songen: Vinea facta est.
- a1475 Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)47/11 : Esy corosiues ben, rwe, eufrace…ginger, þe knot of a vyne, acacia, lymaile of golde.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)137/28 : Be þe reyn þe frwtys of þe erthe by multiplyid, and gresse and herbis, treis and vynnys, increce and burgyn.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)20/22 : He taketh a branche of a vyne and puttyth yn Thomas hond…Þen oute of this branche burgeneth out grapes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1140 : Lurke vnder leuys logget with vines Till tithaundes in toune be told to þe kyng Of our come to þis coste.
b
- c1300 SLeg.MPChr.(LdMisc 108)244 : An heiȝ Man…sette ane guode vine…and þer to sette is hyne.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)249 : Hi toke him anon And caste him out of þe vine.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.24.30 : Bi þe feeld of þe slowe man I passede & by þe vyne of þe fool man.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)61/7 : Lik is þe kyngdom of heuene to an housholdynge man þat wente out first on þe morwe to hire werkemen into his vine [vr. vyneȝerde].
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)81/10 : Of þe uine of Sodom and Gomor schal be here wyne.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)74/20 : Iexabel…toke awey the vyne [Man.(2): vyneȝarde] of Nabaoth be hire strengthe.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.Say.Nightingale (Trin-C R.3.20)167 : Who was it but I þat aboode in þe vyne To presse out wyne?
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1408 : Þe lord toke atte fyne…& ȝaf oþer men þe vyne.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)190/26 : Noye…planted a vyne, and in like wyse…our othre fadirs as auncient patriarkes…wer erthe tyllers.
c
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)56/16 : Condilomata bredeþ of gret malicious or malencolious blode…If þai be rede, þai ar called uve, i. grapez, and þai haue þe shap of a rede vyne or grape.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)233/19 : For of many cornes i-gedrid to-gedur is made a lofe, and of many vynes is wyne i-meltid and made, riȝt so of many Cristen peple…is made…holy chirche.
2.
In cpds. and combs.:
(a) ~ braunch, a vine branch; also fig.; also, a decorative representation of a vine branch [quot. c1425]; ~ lef [cp. OE wīn-lēaf], a vine leaf; also, a decorative representation of a vine leaf [quot. 1455]; ~ rote (sioun, sprai, spring, stok), a vine root (shoot, branch, trunk); ~ tre, q.v.;
(b) ~ amine, a kind of vine originally from Aminaea; ~ apiane, a kind of vine that produces muscatel grapes; ~ tiriake, a kind of vine whose products are antidotal against poisonous animal bites; whit ~ [see whit adj.]; wilde ~ [see wild(e adj.];
(c) ~ binde, ?a cluster of grapes; ~ coveringe, the covering over of vines; ~ cuttinge, a cutting or trimming from a vine plant; vines cuttinge, the cutting or trimming of vines;
(d) ~ gardin (place), a vineyard; ~ garth [cp. OI vīngarðr], a vineyard; ~ yerd, q.v.;
(e) vine(s knif, an implement for cutting vines, prob. a sickle; ~ makere (tillere, werkere), one who cultivates, prunes, or cares for vines, a vineyard worker.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)889/14 : Among alle graffynge of trees þe best is whan þe graffe and þe stok beþ yliche…as if a figge graffe is ygraffed on a figge stok and a vyne on a vyne stok.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1015/23 : Also vyne sprayes ybende doune into a grippe of erþe.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1069/20 : A vyne leef hatte pampinus.
- c1400 Sln.468 Cook.Recipes (Sln 468)85.10/3 : Stampe vyne leues & croppes.
- (1424-5) EEWills56/24 : Also I wull he haue my maser of a vine rote.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.99 : Digge aboute þe vyne rotis, and dunge hem wel, and hile hem þanne.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)11201 : Ther was corue…The leues of Oke & of hawethorn…The vyne-braunche with alle here grapes, And many other skynnes Iapes.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)tab.468,475 : Vyne braunchis, to enoynte…Vyne sciouns, to sette…Vyne scions, how many may stonde in an akir lond.
- (1455) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 93351 : A Standyng pease of Siluer pounsid with Vyne leves.
- a1475 Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)146/4 : Let þe house þer he lyueþ be strawen with saleyn leues, or feren leues, and vyne leues, and roses.
- a1500 By thys fyre (Chet 6680)p.2 : March: Here kutte I my vyne springe.
- a1500 12 PTrib.(2) (Rwl C.894)396 : Euery vyne-braunche þat bringeth forth no frute in me þat am a warre vyne, my fader, þat is a tilier, schal kut hym of and cast hym a-weye.
b
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.77 : Vyne Amynes hath euer feirest vines.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.88 : Vine Apianes prophitabul be.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.1100 : De vite tiriake…Vyn tiriake is also now to make…His wyn, aisel, or grape, Or rinde of his scions, yf that me take, The bite of euery best me shal escape.
c
- ?a1425 Chauliac(1) (NY 12:Wallner)2.143/23 : Sewyngly…be þer made a gloue or a purse of gode lether & be it filled of gode liȝe of asshez…of sarmentz, i. vyne kuttyngez, & of verne with a litel salt and acete.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)tab.496 : Vyne couerynge and vindage apparayle.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)133b : Vynbynd: Corimbus.
- a1500 Sln.442 Grafting in SN 57 (Sln 442)24 : At seesoun of vynys cuttyng, bore an hole of grettnesse of the vyne thorow the tree, and put the vyne thorwe.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.6.12 : Whenne þe lord…ȝeueþ to þee…vyne placis [L vineta] & olyue placis þat þou hast not plaunted…be war…þat þou forȝete not þe lord.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)383 : Summe…godis ben to be paied as meede and reward…as it is whanne money is paied to…a laborer in a vyne gardein for his day labour in the same vyne gardein.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)201/3-5 : Þe butler…bad þaim…vnto þe vyne-garth & luke if þer war lefte any vynys growyng & feche hym, And when þai come þer, þe vyne-garth, at no frute was in befor, was growyng full of rype grapis.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)4 Kings 25.12 : Of þe poere men of þe lond he lafte wyn [vr. viyn] makeres [WB(2): vyntilieris; L vinitores] & erþe-tilieris.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Par.27.27 : To þe erþe tilieris…esri þe sone of chebul was vp on & to þe vyne tilieres [WB(2): tilieris of vyneris].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.61.5 : Ȝoure vyne wercheres shul ben…prestis.
- c1400 Wycl.CGosp.John (Yk-M 14.D.2:Hudson)78/164 : Clerkis..fleen and eschewen al trauelouse þing of knyȝtis staat..; þus of þe staat of erþetiliers and of vyntiliers and of marchauntis.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)26b/b : Falx: a sykel, a vine knyfe, or a syþe.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)158/19 : Ȝif þe vnderstondynge be croked or forked or ȝif sche crokeþ aȝenwarde as doþ a vyne knyf, al þe conscience…schal be derke.
- c1450 Palladius (BodAdd A.369)1.840 : Sum have stamped oile with grees of beres To greece her vyne-knyf [vr. vynys knyf] for dyveres deres.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)133b : A Vyne knyfe: falx, falcicula.
3.
In surnames; also in place name [last quot.].
Associated quotations
- (1236) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames364 : Robert de Vigne.
- (1283) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames364 : Henry de la Vine.
- (1297) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames364 : Roger atte Vine.
- (1310) Let.Bk.Lond.B (Gldh LetBk B)253 : Roger de la Vyne.
- (1311) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames364 : Richard atte Vygne.
- (1327) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames364 : Richard Vygn.
- (1344) Name in LuSE 79142 : Matilda atte Vine.
- (1366) in Rymer's Foedera (1816-69)3.90 : Thomas atte Vyne le fitz.
- (1415) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.283 : [They also hold 2 acres…in the king’s street stretching lengthways from the mill called] Peytevynes Mellebargh.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1475 How GWife Pilgr.(Brog 2.1)18 : Witt an O and a I, men wyll sey þis, 'Be wyne hope men mey se wher þe tawern ys.'
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)234/26 : A tauerner settes owt a wyne garlond to draw men to is taveron.
Note: Better sent to vine n.(1) & cp. OE cpds. in (Bosworth-Toller) win- (on pp.1231 ff.)--no comparable cpds.--per REL
Note: Mustanoja p. 232: "Wyne hope: a tavern was indicated by a stake projecting from the house on which some object--in this case a wine hoop or garland--was hung for a sign."
Note: Isn't an ivy wreath (worn by Bacchus and his followers) used as the original sign of the tavern keeper? See gerlond n. sense 1.(d), quot. a1450-a1500(1436): "What nedeth a garlande whyche is made of ivye Shewe a tavern wynelesse?"--per MLL
Note: Belongs to sense 2. In cpds. and combs. Add a sense (f)~ gerlond (hop), a vine garland used as a tavern sign.--per MLL