Middle English Dictionary Entry
spẹ̄den v.
Entry Info
Forms | spẹ̄den v. Also sped(e, spedden, spiede, spide. Forms: sg.3 spẹ̄deth, etc. & spẹ̄dit, spẹ̄diȝt, spẹ̄te, spet(te; pl. spẹ̄den, etc. & (early SWM) spẹ̄det; ppl. spẹ̄dinge, etc. & spẹ̄dingge; p.sg.1 sped(d)e, spod; sg.3 sped(de, spet(te, spedet, (N & NWM) speded, (SW) spadde; pl. spedden, etc. & (NWM) speded & (early) spæddon; ppl. sped(e, spedde, ? spẹ̄d & (EM) spad. Contractions: (early SWM) sped(d)estu (spedest thou). |
Etymology | OE spēdan & *spœ̄dan (cp. OE spœ̄d n.). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. ispeden v.
1.
(a) To achieve one's goal, accomplish one's purpose; fulfill one's expectation; also, refl. be successful; (b) ~ in, to succeed in (sth., an action); ~ of, succeed in obtaining (sth., sb. as a lover); succeed in (love, one's purpose, etc.); ~ of preiere, be successful in (one's) prayer, have (one's) prayers answered; spedinge in, successful in (sth.); (c) with inf.: to succeed (in doing sth.), manage (to do sth.) successfully; -- also refl.; ~ haven, succeed in having (sth.); (d) ~ to, to contribute to (the success of sth.), promote; (e) to triumph, be victorious in battle; ~ in armes (werres); (f) med. & surg. to effect a successful treatment or cure; of a medicine, a treatment: be effective; (g) in proverbs & prov. expressions.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.656 : Ða feorde se abbot ham & ongan to wircene, swa he spedde swa him Crist huðe, swa þet in feuna geare wæs þet mynstre gare.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1114 : Hi þær well spæddon.
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1140 : Eustace..nam þe kinges suster of France to wife; wende to bigæton Normandi þær þurh, oc he spedde litel.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1522 : Ȝiff þu..spedesst wiþþ þin spell swa wel Þatt teȝȝ itt unnderrfanngenn..Þa..gaddresst swa þe clene corn All fra þe chaff.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)42/26 : Þu swenchest te swiðe & ne spedest nawhit.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)169 : Ne speddestu [Jes-O: spedestu] noȝt mid þine unwrenche.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1634 : A gold ring..he..yaf..ubbe for to spede.
- a1325 SLeg.Brendan (Corp-C 145)485 : Attelaste hy turnde hom aȝen, þo hy ne spedde noȝt þere.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)625 : Men schul biseche wimen..& fond to speden ȝif þai may.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1715 : Sche..seide softily, 'now seþ, how sone i haue spedde.'
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2280 : The povere vertu schal noght spiede Wher that the riche vice woweth.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)243 : Þe speche þat man wit mast may spede, Mast þar-wit to speke war nede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3689 : How es it þou sped sa son?
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)3.158 : Þanne mournide mede & menide hire to þe king To haue space to speke, spede ȝif she miȝte.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2803 : Ȝe schal be wel apayde, Whan I haue sped..And hom retourned.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)173/30 : He þat askeþ of God & douteþ forto spede, he may not haue his askyng.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)202/12 : At þe last he spedeþ hym for pure anger..tene for þat he crieþ so all day vppon hym.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)139/21 : Yn the season of somer þe fowler spedyt not.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)510 : The hownde spedd not thoo..he fonde hym noght.
- c1500 Castle Love(3) (Ashm 61)8 : Wiþouten hym may we not sped.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13692 : So he sped hym by spies & spense of his gode, Þat þe lady fro hir lord lyuely he stale.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2654 : Who that thenkth to spede Of love, he mai him noght avaunte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20000 : In þair spelling ful wel þai spedd.
- a1425(?a1400) Epistle DStirrings (Hrl 674)73/10 : Þou wilt be verrey contemplatyfe & sone sped of þi purpos.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)402 : He had yit dout and drede Of any soccur of hyr to spede.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.2132 : In such cas he shal nat speede off me.
- (c1449) Paston (EETS)1.236 : I pray ȝow hertylye send me word how ȝe don and how ye speden jn ȝowr materys.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)6/32 : Ȝee schul spede of ȝoure preier but if ȝoure yuel lijf it lette.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4745 : In alle hurre doyng fulle welle he spadde.
- (1465) Paston (EETS)1.316 : Ye myght spyde ryght well in youre maters.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.31.19a : He so kan preeie þus often, he spediþ..in his trauaile.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)235/33 : Whoso hath the Paas large and slow, he is wyse and wel spedynge [Sloane: he sale spede] in al his dedys.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10005 : Þenne teneth he sore he sped noght Of þe þinges he wolde haue wroght.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14242 : Swa þatt teȝȝ mihhtenn spedenn wel To winnenn erþlic ahhte.
- ?a1300(c1250) Prov.Hend.(Dgb 86)st.3 : May no mon þat is in londe..Wonen at hom and spede Fele þewes for to lere.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1140 : Sir, god for his grace graunt ȝou wel to spede to a-bate þe bost of þat breme duke.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9438 : With þyng of holy cherche Shalt þou neuer spede wel to werche.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)551 : On spec of a spote may spede to mysse Of þe syȝte of þe Soverayn þat syttez so hyȝe.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2246 : At the ende falshede may not spede Tendure longe.
- a1425 Here begynnes a new (Roy 17.C.17)431 : Gode dedis to do he may not spede.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)19788 : Rathlie haf mar he comes to spede.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)630 : Sone wex he witter & wyse..Sped him in a schort space to spell & to rede.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)25/4 : They had grete mervayle that ony man on erthe myght spede so sone to go and com.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)277 : Shal neuere man spede Vpon þat lond to do good dede.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1968 : I shuld..Spede the to spille in spite of þi kynge.
d
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)702 : Power of God and man was mellid in his dedis, And that to stablenes of our treuth gretly spedis.
e
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)93 : He couþe with wepne spede.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.482 : Fro day to day in armes so he spedde That the Grekes as the deth him dredde.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2953 : Þat day Kyng Richard spedde so þor þat he was holden a conqueror.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)37/33 : He tolde how Arthure and the two kynges had spedde at the grete batayle.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)732 : Wyth Gyfroun he mot fyȝt And ye may not spede.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.208 : It is þan lytyl wondyr þat our folc sped so euyl þese dayys in warrys up her enmyys.
f
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)75/31 : I spedde effectuously with sich a clistre.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)168/4 : And be oþer medecynes to vapoure and to resolue þe mater, þe whiche schal be seyne to spede [L expedire].
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)61b/a : If þou se þat þis medicyne as in summe membre ne spediþ not in his worchinge, þanne take vnguentum viride..& leye it on pailetis to þe wounde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)85a/b : If þou may not speden bi þis weye..þanne if it be a smal membre, kutte it off, ffor it is bettere to lesen oon membre þan to lesen his lijf.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)123b/a : Y warne þee þouȝ þe medicyne bifore ne spede not liȝtliche as þou woldist haue it, ne do it not awey but alwey vse it.
g
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)763 : Oft spet wel alute liste Þar muche strengþe sholde miste.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1293 : Specheles may noman spede.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)26/446 : Better is to speke and sped þen hold hit in mynd.
- a1450 Bot witt pas (Add 37049)82 : Men may say, & þat is rewthe, Þat mede sal spede rather þan trewthe.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)165/4942 : If ye cast in loue preuayle, Spare not to speke, spede ye so or no.
- a1475(?1445) ?Lydg.Cal.(Rwl B.408)99 : Who spareth to speke, he spareth to spede.
- c1475 Prov.Wisd.(RwlPoet 32)93 : Mede may spede, and þat is ruth, That mede shall spede raþer þen trewþe.
- a1500(1381) Knighton Chron.Contin.(Cld E.3)139 : Speke, spende, and spede, quoth Jon of Bathon.
- a1500 God made (Dgb 88)33 : The xxx day, for to spede, Begynne noo werke as I the rede.
2.
(a) To fare, get along, do; ~ of, fare with respect to (sth.); (b) to prosper, thrive, be fortunate, do well; (c) to conduct oneself well; (d) to turn out, happen; also, turn out well; of a journey: end successfully; (e) to be of advantage, avail; be good or useful; be of benefit (to sb. or sth.); avail (sb.), benefit [quot. c1390]; profit by (sth.) [quot. c1450]; also, of a person: be useful (to sb.), be of service; ~ after, be of service to (God); ppl. spedinge, beneficial, helpful.
Associated quotations
a
- 1123 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1123 : Þes ylces geares he wan of Walaram his castel..& siððen he spedde æfre leong þe bet.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12436 : Þurh eðeliche dede lute men wel spedeð.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1792 : Ah hu heo spedde of heore dome, Ne chan ich eu namore telle.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)756 : Grim was fishere swiþe god..He spedde ofte swiþe wel.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2303 : Al ðe bettre sule ge speden, If ge wilen gu wið treweiðe leden.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.133 : Helene was in Britayne and herde how her sone spedde.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7798 : How þou hast sped, sey me now.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.44 : Mysbede nouȝt þi bondemen, þe bet shalt þou spede.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3513 : Somme wer glad þat Iason hath sped wel.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)489 : Beter red neo couþe þey non Bote to bygynne aneowe anon And speddyn also wel..Als þey dude þeo furste day.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)630 : By þat tyme I sall wete þe at saye How þat I hafe spedde.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)380/139 : Spere oure ȝates, all ill mot þou spede.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)715/34 : Ye shall se how I shall spyede.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)163/20 : His people wer sor abashed and thought they shulde not spede well.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.140 : Þe werse þey shullyn speden.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)25 : Full euell haue ye sped that thus haue slayn youre kynge.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)233 : I shall spare for no spence & þu spede wele.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)18/11 : Þu..spillest al þi hwile & ne spedest nawiht.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)81/1394 : Ston he dude lede Þer he hopede spede.
- (a1333) Herebert Þou wommon (Add 46919)12 : Who-so hauet þe kyng to broder And ek þe quene to moder Wel auhte uor to spede.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2178 : In this wise spedde he..otherwise he scholde have failed.
- ?c1400 Sloane SSecr.(Sln 213)13/30 : Whose passes ar wyde, longe, and late, he sale spede and be welthy in alle his wayes, werkes, and dedes.
- a1425(?a1400) Penny (Glb E.9)83 : Who-so es sted in any nede, with sir peni may þai spede, how-so-euer bytide.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)2207 : Pray for hym to spede In vertuys.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2671 : Whereso I walke in londe or lede, Penyman best may spede.
- (1450) God be oure (Magd-O Charter Misc.306)2 : God be oure gyde, and then schull we spede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)10346 : Grett ryches makes men myse to spede.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1649 : Þer-uore we habbet harmes and nowher heo ne spedet and auere heo spenet.
- (a1333) Herebert Soethþe mon (Add 46919)7 : Oeuch mon þenche uor to spede Þat he ne loese þe grete mede Þat god ous dythte ȝare.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9329 : Þa iseh Vðer king þat him ne spedde naðing.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.59 : No þing spedde ariȝt.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)365 : Ȝyf þan þy erende spede ne sette, þan wylt þou curse hym þat þou mette.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28317 : Oþer mans beginyng of gode dede Oft-sith i letted for to spede.
- a1450(1400) Eche man be war (Dgb 102)46 : And fooles erande may not spede.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)38 : He be hite hir, aftir his iornay sped, he schuld fulfill al þat sche had comaunded.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.37.31 : Not alle thingis to alle speden [L expediunt] & ne to eche soule eche kinde pleseþ.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1.Cor.6.12 : Alle thingis ben leefful to me, but not alle thingis speden [Paul.Epist.: speden to me; L expediunt].
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)148 : Þe kyng fette forþ feole of his clerkes to spute with Ioseph; þat spedes hem luite.
- a1425 Ordin.Nuns(1) (Lnsd 378)142/3 : Þis thing þat þu askis..is bott light, meritory, & medefull, & spedand to þe lif þat euir sall last.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)149/16 : If it be seyne spedynge [*Ch.(1): expedient] to þe, drawe it vp slily by þe rote.
- ?c1430(c1400) Rule & T.St.Francis(1) (Corp-C 296)43 : Ȝif þei ben noone prestis, make þei to be enyoyned to hem bi oþer freris..as it semeþ to spede most aftir god.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)59/15 : Þei wer ryche men..& haddyn gold a-now, whech may spede in euery nede.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)313/187 : Spare of thy spekyng; noght spedis it.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)22 : Hasted he noȝt On hem þe vyleny to venge..Bot..Ȝaf hem space þat hym spilide, þey hit spedde lyte.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.44 : A forwart make I with the..That euyn to part be-twene vs toe The godus thou hase wonun and spedde.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.193/17 : If..the saide londe..we may not warantiȝe, whee schall make..an Eschaunge..of owr oþer londes where þay may seme beste to spede to theme.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)181/26 : To deduce hyt in-to what-euer vsis þat þey wyllyd, as hyt likyth & semyth to hem most best & most profitable to spede.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.28 : I suffer allone..Ane wofull wrecche that to no wight may spede.
3a.
In impersonal constructions: (a) it turns out, it happens; also, with that clause: it happens (to sb. that sth. be done); (b) it profits, it avails; (c) with inf.: it is of advantage (to do sth.), it is profitable (to sb. to do sth.), it benefits (sb. to do sth.); also, with that clause: it is of benefit (to sb. or sth. that sth. happen.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)806 : Go aforn, Adam, and loke how it spette [rime: sette].
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)61 : To þat man bi whom comeþ a sclaundre..it spediþ to him þat a mylneston of assis be hangid in his necke.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)240/5 : If it speede wele, it is more by fortune thanne by reason.
b
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)2 Cor.12.1 : If it bihoueth to haue glorie, it spedith not; but Y schal come..to the reuelaciouns of the Lord.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Esth.3.8 : It spedeþ not to þi rewme þat ouercustoomed it waxe proud bi leeue.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.5.29 : It speedith to thee that oon of thi membris perishe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)22b/a : Hit spediþ to se & to trete of þe vertues be þe whiche he is myȝti to vse þe worchinge in þe body.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)4230 : But al his mournyng for to rede Ouþer to speke hit myȝt not spede.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Mat.5.29 : It is more spedynge to þee þat one of þi membres per-sche þan al þi body be sente in-to helle.
- c1400 Wycl.DSins (Bod 647)161 : Hit spedes a mon to be dronken ones in a moneth.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Tob.3.6 : It spedith more to me to die than to lyue.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)3/6 : In hard thingis it spedith to studiers for to perseuere and abide.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)307 : It spedith to thee that oon of thi membris perische than that al thi bodi go into helle.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.37 : And noght-for-that, of þis howeuer it stent, It spedeth noght my-seluen to excuse.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)14 : It semeþ me þat it spedeþ a litil to seeke þe witte and þe sawis of feiþful men.
3b.
In impersonal constructions with dat.obj. and with hit unexpressed: (a) it fares (with sb.), (someone) gets along; also, with inf.: (someone) happens (to do sth.), it befalls (sb. to do sth.); (b) (someone) succeeds; (c) it profits (sb.), it benefits (sb.); (someone) prospers.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14726 : Þu scalt..beode þer Godes godd-spel; þe scal spede ful wel.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)105 : Lef on me ant be my wif; ful wel þe mai spede.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)188/134 : Tormenz..we him habbeth i-do; vuele þarof us spedde; Ded we wolleth him ouer-come, ȝwane we ne miȝten a-liue.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)124/65 : Þou hast werkmen, ichelle loke hou hom spede.
- c1330 Adam & E.(1) (Auch & Ednb-U 218)67 : To Adam wende we, And loke we hou him spet Þat..brak godes comandment.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.171 : Nouȝt oon scaped to bere hoom tyþinges how hem spedde.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5007 : If..þe ferþe night her speede Wiþ hir housbonde to goo to bedde, Anoon she shulde conceiue þere.
b
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)410 : Þeruore þu most me helpe nede; Biþute þe ne mai me spede.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)454/148 : Anon so hi grantede þat hi wolde on Iesu Crist bileoue..Ȝare siȝt com god aȝen no þing ne gan hom greue..Þe oþer ham wolde efsone blende ac ham nemiȝte noȝt spede.
c
- a1300 PMor.(Jes-O 29)258 : Him ne myhte nouht spede.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.60 : Þu askyst often mechil more þan the nedyȝt or spedyȝt.
4.
(a) To give assistance; assist (sb.); help (sb.) to attain success, further (sb.) in prosperity; also, refl. aid oneself; with inf.: help (sb. to do sth.); ~ in (til, to), assist (sb.) in (sth.); ben sped, be successful [quot. ?a1439]; also, fig. be baptized [quot. c1390(?c1350)]; ben sped in-to a purpos, be aided to succeed in a purpose; (b) in oaths and asseverations; (c) to put (sb.) forward (for a benefice, a license), prefer; (d) to cause (sth.) to succeed, aid; expedite (sth.); also in asseverations; ~ mightes, fight successfully; ~ your ivel, do harm to you; (e) to answer (a prayer); (f) ~ nedes, ~ for (on) nedes, to conclude (someone's) affairs successfully, bring (someone's) business to an end; satisfy (someone's) desires [see also ned(e n. 4.(c)]; (g) ppl. sped, ready, prepared; also, skilled, accomplished [last quot.]; ful sped [could be construed as noun: cp. vr. in 2nd quot. & ful adj. 5.(j).].
Associated quotations
a
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)4922 : Alle..þonked god of his grace þat so godli hem spedde.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3876 : Thanke fortune that so wel thee spedde.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)9 : Siþen com vaspasians and was furst sped, In þe nome of þe fader Ioseph him folewede.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4033 : To grynde oure corn and carie it ham agayn I pray yow speed [vr. speedes] vs.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)11396 : Do gode dede; To ryse fro synne, hyt wyl þe spede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18278 : Ill has þou don þe-self to spede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)29002 : Seuen ar þai þat vs mai spede Til al þat euer we haue of nede.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)560 : Qwen Cordvil..taght all to þe messyngere And bad hym take her fadyr so dere And to a nodyr cite hym lede, Wyth alkyns thynges þat þame wold spede.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.3639 : His enmyes fill on hym be nihte, Slepyng..to soone thei wer sped.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)362 : This..the Pope..wolde not haue askid of the Emperour..namelich into so holi a purpos to be therbi sped.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)5344 : Litle respite at mych nede Falleth som tyme wele to spede.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)48/6 : I wolde god ware knawen & myn evyncrystene spede, as I wolde be myselfe, to the mare hatynge of synne.
- c1450 Y wandryng (Lin-O Lat.129)58 : Nowe glorious God..Al these comely company þou confort and spede.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)30/44 : Hym..be-sechyng with meke entent, In all ȝour werkys to save and spede.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)460 : Þei shulen crie to hym & he shal not here & spede hem.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)165 : Now souerayn lord god, me gyde and spede.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3645 : So God me spede, No schal ȝou faile non at nede!
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1631 : Þe king swore, so god him spede, Þat boþen schuld haue riȝt.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2558 : God spede yow go forth.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)11.107 : So me crist spede; A more kynde knowyng coueite ich.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)172 : Þerfore, so God me spede, Wendiþ hom to ȝoure kyng And preyeþ him..Þat he ȝow helpe aȝeyn ȝoure foon.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2405 : Ȝa, þe Deuyl spede ȝou, al þe packe!
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)369/387 : The devyl hym spede!
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)91/194 : Whos is that chyld, so god the spede?
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1057 : Where aboute, so God þe spede, Haþ soule in man his woning stede?
c
- ?c1430(c1383) Wycl.Leaven Pharisees (Corp-C 296)23 : For who so may most gold brynge sunnest schal be sped to grete benefices.
- (c1456) Paston2.167 : Ye wil assay to fynde the meanes how I myght beste be spedde for the licence of morteisyng certein lyuelode.
d
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.259 : Euery wight with greet deuocioun Sholde preyen Crist that he this mariage Receyue in gree and spede this viage.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2198 : Who that thenkth his love spiede With moerdre, he schal with worldes schame Himself and ek his love schame.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)136/18 : He may spede suche a cause by wrenchis & wyles.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1226 : Arystes, ane athill man..Spirris out with a spere & spedis his miȝtis.
- c1450 The merthe of alle (SeldArch B.26)9 : God spede þe plowe al day!
- c1460 Awake lordes (Dub 432)2 : Som þat speke ful fayre, þei wolde your evil spede.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1286 : Ye have your hondis nat withdrawe From hospitalite..Causes of poore to promote & speede.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4 : As þou art lord of mightes moost, Thre persones in godhede, Now and euere this werke now spede.
e
- c1390 Iesu þat art heuene (Vrn)31 : Heere and spede my pore preyeres.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)775 : Oft in this name God mannes prayer spedes Agayn the fend that hit ful mekil dredes.
- a1450 12 PTrib.(3) (Bod 423)123/3 : Now we han saide the hou tribulacions yelden thin orisons moor chier to God; now we shuln telle the hou þay maken hem sonner to be sped.
- 1530(c1450) Mirror Our Lady (Fawkes)61 : The prayer of these holy houres ys..sped.
f
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2530 : Spede þe now on nedes þine.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4205 : My felawe..has the milleris doghter in his arm; He auntred hym and has his nedes sped.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.54 : Antecryst..[made] fals sprynge & sprede & spede mennes nedes.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)193/20 : Þo hade Kyng Edward spedde alle his nedes in Flaundres.
- a1425(?a1400) Penny (Glb E.9)40 : All þe nedes ful sone er sped..whare peni gase bitwene.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)689 : He segh þat for no nede..his aspyes myght not spede.
- a1475(a1450) Tourn.Tott.(Hrl 5396)213 : So wele hys nedys he has sped Þat dere Tyb he had wed.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)56/23 : Þanne ys it costome þat he spede greet nedys.
g
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.32.27 : We..þy seruantees alle fol sped [WB(2): redi] sholyn go to bateile.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.3.18 : Folsped [vr. fulspeed; L expediti] go ȝe by fore ȝoure briþryn.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)79/30 : Viftly, that he be courtly..and that he be sped in eloquence [Lambeth: of renable speche; L expedite lingue seu eloquencie].
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)89/24 : Be þou spedde & redy to fiȝtyng, if þou wolt haue þe victory.
5.
(a) To act, do something; refl. set oneself (to sth.); accomplish (sth.), do; complete (an act, errand); also, with personal subj.: he shal be sped, his affairs shall be concluded; (b) to finish building (a structure), delivering (a speech), setting forth or composing (a section of a book); sped in, ?enclosed; (c) to execute (a will); carry out (an intention, a purpose); ~ of testament, carry out a testament; (d) to grant (a favor, request, desire); fulfill (a prophecy); ben sped of, be granted (sth., one's desire); (e) to act on (a bill, petition, a matter before a governing body); (f) to explain (sth.); -- also refl.; narrate (deeds).
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)424 : Þe þridde time ageine he yede His erind ful for to spede.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)6 : Leue ous wele to spede Þat we habbeþ euer to don.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2052 : Thynges whiche that were nat doon abedde, He in the gardyn parfourned hem and spedde.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5873 : Withouten hir may no wight spede This werk, neithir for word ne deede.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)23a/b : Effectiuus: þat haþ spede [Hrl 1738: he þat hath or may spede; Cnt: quod sufficit]..Effectis [read: Effectus]: sped.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.5.25 : Thei acomplissen and speden the dede of hir thought.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)143/14 : The legatis took her leue, as þouȝ þei had sped a grete mater.
- (1467) Paston (EETS)1.396 : I..haue hadde so lytell leysere that I haue not spedde bot fewe of yowre erendys.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)172/113 : Lord, we han spad as ȝe bad.
- c1475 Brm.Abraham (Brm)289 : Smyth me not oftyn wyth ȝowr scharp sword, But hastely that yt be sped.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)248/22 : Nicholas, kepe wele my schoppe, for I haue certeyne erendes for to be spedde.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6960 : If þou þinke to do good dede, Hastifly þerto þou þe spede.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)329 : Ryght sone hereafter he shalbe spedd.
b
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)2682 : Here es þe thred parte of þis buke spedde Þat spekes of þe dede.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)45a/b : Þen foloweþ nexte vnder hem þe substaunce of þe braine, and it is nesche & white and off rounde figure sped inne, wiþ addiciouns þat ben in hym [L figure rotunde seclusis additionibus].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)45b/a : So þe anothomie of þe braine panne & off þe parties of him is spedde as for vj þat ben inquered oþer souȝte in him.
- (1425) Doc.in Bk.Lond.E.229/36 : He shall be paid parcelmele as the seid werkes and edificacions ben sped.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7601 : When this speche was sped, speke þai no fferre.
c
- (1428) EEWills79/25 : Of this..testament, I make and ordeigne myn executours..all and euerich aboue expressid iustly to complete and treuly to spede.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)296 : The seid wey was..considerid..to be insufficient for the seid entent to be sufficientli sped.
- (1472) Paston (EETS)1.581 : I prey..that ye fayle not to sped my ladys jntent.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)837 : Echeon assemblid..And feithfully don ther diligence, In this mateer ther purpos for to speede.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)113/2 : Whos pases ben brode, they ben slow; nathelesse they speden thair purpose.
d
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.357 : Euery maner boone That he god axed, it was sped [vr. graunted] ful soone.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)174/30 : Pore beggers..whiche forto be þe bettir herde & þe sonner sped of þat þei askeþ, scheweþ to hem her sores.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)31/14 : Þou schalt haue þin axing and be sped of þi desire.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)413/29 : Youre desyre shall be spedde.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)148/58 : This prophecye is now spad.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)450 : What so euyr sche wolde craue, All sche myght redyly hyt haue, Hur speche was sone spedd.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)87/6 : Thei ought to haue but litle truste to be spedde of their requestis.
e
- (1429) RParl.4.343b : Item..no Bille shal be sped, but in the place ordeyned for Counseill.
- (1433) RParl.4.432a : The saide Articles to be tendirly hard, spedde, and executed.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)28 : Certeyne peticions..were putte vp in the same parlement, nat spedde ne graunted.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)278/209 : We han A gret matere þat he must nedys spede.
f
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1436 : Bot þat longeþ to þis nede Wel schortliche ich wil me spede.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)224 : I thynk in þis bok to draw, Schortly rimand or þe dede, For mani er þai her-of to spede.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.4.24 : The whiche resoun and cause of difficulte I schal assaye..to schewe and to speden [L expedire; F despecier].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)65/23 : It was saide inoghe in þe ouer wombe As to þe bones so it is to be sped.
6.
(a) To travel swiftly; come or go quickly; depart in haste; also fig.; ~ to deth-ward; wher min speche shuld ~, where I should inquire; (b) refl. to betake oneself quickly, hurry; also fig.; ~ upward, get oneself out of bed quickly; (c) with inf.: to hasten (to do sth., in doing sth.); -- also refl.; (d) to progress, make progress; proceed; also, with inf.: proceed (to do sth.); also, impers. it comes (to an appointed time); ~ no wei, make no progress; ~ of, progress in (one's journey); ~ so slou a pase, advance so slowly; (e) to work quickly, act speedily; -- also refl.; ~ at the spores, spur horses vigorously, ride hard; ppl. spedinge, hasty or quick (to do sth.); (f) to appear immediately.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1765 : Godess enngleþeod Ne maȝȝ nohht unnderrstanndenn Hu mikell Cristess bede maȝȝ Towarrd hiss faderr spedenn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3912 : Weder heom stod on wille, heo wenden wal [read: wel] to speden.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1762 : To Winchester þai gun spede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1333 : Þe messangeres ful manly to meliors þanne spedde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)54b/a : Whanne þe longe is I-greued be eny occasioun, it spediþ to deþwar[d] [L mortem accelerat].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)193b/b : Pampanes chastede Spayne and spedde fast [L festinans] to þe tryhumphus of venia.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1303 : On his wey ful faste homward he spedde.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)210 : To London I rede þe spede.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)15544 : I wott not whore my spech suld spede.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)19/1 : Into alle þese now seid dedis boþe charite and moral vertu inclynen, moven, speden, dryven.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7733 : The grete horses..speddyn to the flight.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)865 : In gode weyes sped þe faste!
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)5169 : Þei sped hem to spayne spacli þer-after.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3562 : Go now thy wey and speed thee heer aboute.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2232 : Als faste as evere he mihte him spiede He hyeth after in a throwe.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)21511 : Þe iuu him speded toward his tide, Ouer þe term durst he noght abide.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.947 : With al the haste goodly that they myghte, They spedde hem fro the soper unto bedde.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1645 : On the morwe upward he hym spedde.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)1180 : For to other thyngys I wold spede me.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)9641 : With all his forse fast he hym sped.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)190/26 : Now spede you, I counceyle you, and spare nat youre horsis.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)82/125 : And specyally, here I the pray, To spede the as fast as thou may.
c
- a1350 Of Rybaudȝ (Hrl 2253)37 : Spedeþ ou to spewen.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2379 : Ho wol winne his wareson, now wiȝtly him spede forto saue my sone.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)103 : Spyces speden to spryng, In Erbers enhaled.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)979 : Chefly þay asken Spycez, þat vn-sparely men speded hom to bryng.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.501 : On hire wey they spedden hem to wende.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1175 : Be bankys on brede, Oþyrwhyle to spew þe spede.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)171/61 : Forth wyl I spede to don hem blede.
- a1500 As I went þrow (Adv 19.3.1)35 : I mett threo commely kyngis with crone; I spod me furth to speke þem with.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4292 : Pale fyndes..entrid into ymagis euer for dissayet Spekand to specyals, þat spede for to aske.
d
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)130/18 : Ȝe gað wel forð & spedeð in ow er wei.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)77/1475 : Hit to þat time spedde Þat Yuor scholde þat maide wedde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.796 : He syh that be no mede Toward hir love he myhte spede.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)68b/b : But here I passe for to spede.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)19968 : He hasked þam in slik A nede, Qwat was to do, how beste to spede.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)151/12 : Þai myght noȝt spede of þaire iournee.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)232/36 : Hir felaschep thowt þei sped no wey & weryn heuy & grutchyng.
- (1449) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.2.p.lv : The xxvj li. levyng behynde shall be wele and truly paied..unto the forseid Thomas like as the forseid werkes spedyn.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)31/928 : What good hope as bit me comfort fonge, And saith he wolle outplegge him in short space..woo is me, he spete so slow a pace.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)534 : He that is constant in mynde..can be pacient, not hasty for to spede.
e
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)19/16 : Wandeð to me..and spedeð ȝeu, forðan ȝure ænde-dai neihȝeð.
- 1372 In place (Adv 18.7.21)31 : Abouten þis ABC wold I spede, Ȝef I mithte þe lettres rede.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3866 : He with alle haste him spedde And made him naked and al warm.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7611 : After þis queynt rounyng, Alisaunder spedde in þis doyng.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)385 : As faste as I may speke, I wol me speede.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)483 : Þey spede at þe spoures, þey sprangen þeire horses.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2417 : They spede at þe spurres..To þe marche of Meyes, theis manliche knyghtez.
- ?a1450(?c1400) Wycl.LFCatech.(Lamb 408)19/354 : Lok þyn ymagynacioun be spedynge in louyng of god.
- (1460) Paston (EETS)1.91 : Thei..shuld send me word of whom alle the maneres..londes, and tenementes þat were Ser John Fastolffes wern holde, preyng you þat ye wole do them spede them in þat matier.
f
- c1350 How GWife(1) (Em 106)125 : Bifore don dede Anoþer spedet, Mi leue child.
7.
(a) To help (sb.) to travel swiftly; hasten (a journey); ~ pase, hasten (one's) steps, hurry (one's) pace, go fast; (b) to cause (a message, a time for sth.) to arrive quickly; hasten (a cure); also, cause (menstrual blood) to flow; (c) of God: to cause (a day) to pass.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)134b/a : Wynd þat is moderat & not contrarye to schipmen lediþ and spediþ hem in here weye.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)19076 : Vp he ras And to þe temple spede his pas.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1594 : Spede now þy pace.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)177/267 : My jurnay wyl I spede.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.290 : Þei..letyn to hyre hors and carte or schyp to pylgrimys & to pasyng folc in þe Sonday for to spedyn hem in her iorne.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)219b/a : Capparis..exciteþ vryne and spedeþ [L imperat] menstrual blood and abateþ toþ ache.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)36/9 : May he with vnguento arabico and salus populi finaly spede þe forseid cure aboute four & tuenty wekes.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)127/3790 : Spede thou first thi message.
- (1463) Will Bury in Camd.4917 : Ye messe of requiem may begynne forthwith..to spede the tyme for ye sarmon.
c
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.24 : God, þorgh his grace, þat day so wele sped þat Rollo asked Cristendom at þe kyng Alfred.
- c1460 Dub.Abraham (Dub 432)325 : I wol telle you alle How God haþe sped þis day with me.
8.
To expel (sth.), cast out, set free, extricate.
Associated quotations
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)96b/a : Be it so y-kutted þat þe corde be sped or deliuered [L expediatur].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)332/7 : Þere-aboue kytte of all þat is ytaken wiþ an hote cultellar so þat the corde and þe instrument be spedde.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)118a : To Spede..extricare.