Middle English Dictionary Entry
pǒuē̆r(e n.
Entry Info
Forms | pǒuē̆r(e n. Also pǒuẹ̄r(e, pouair(e, pouare, pouoir, pour(e, puere & pouwer(e, puwer, (error) pwower & pōer(e, poēr(e, poar, poair, pore & poiar, poier, poeir. |
Etymology | OF; cp. CF pöoir, pöer, pouoir, pouair & AF püeir. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The ability of a person, an animal, a soul, an angel, a spirit, etc., to act; ability (to do sth.); ~ of, capacity for or power of (doing sth.); ~ of harm, means or capacity for doing harm; bi ~, ?with skill or ability; ben of ~, haven pouer(es, to be able (to do sth.); haven ~ in fightinge, be able to fight; (b) a faculty of body or soul; capacity for a particular kind of activity; (c) at (as, as to, at al, bi, bi al, for, in al, to, unto, upon, with al pouere(s, to the best of (one's, their) ability, with all (one's, their) might or ability; (d) after ~, according to (one's) ability or capacity, to the best of (one's) ability; (e) in ~, within (one's) power or ability; lien (ben) in ~, to be within (one's) power or ability; be within (man's) capacity to understand [quot.: c1400]; ben of ~, be possible; over ~, beyond (a hawk's) strength; (f) don ~, to do all in (one's) power; (g) bi al the ~ that i mighte don, in everything that I could do; for here alder poueres, in spite of all that they could do; with al swich ~ as god hath yeven theim, with all the strength that God has given them; with al ~ and might, to the best of my ability.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2418 : Oȝain þe king þai no hadde power in fiȝting.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 10.18 : I haue power for to putte it, and I haue power for to take it eftsoone.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 3.15 : He ȝaue to hem power of heelynge siknessis and of castynge out fendis.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.9.3 : Locustus wenten out in to the erthe, and power is ȝouun to hem.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2936 : We han offended and greued my lord Melibe..so ferforth that we been nat of power to maken his amendes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.619 : Malisoun generally may be seyd euery maner power of harm.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.519 : He..compasseth That noman of his compaignie Hath pouer unto that folie His Ere for no luste to caste.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.339 : No man..has powere to fle þe dede þat is to drede.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2610 : Hij shulden senden..alle þat hadden powers [LinI: power] To beren wepen of defense.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6208 : Butumay..water non ne may to-ryue, Ne jrne ne steel ne metal to-dryue, Who-so it tempreþ by powere, So it askeþ on his manere.
- c1400(1375) Canticum Creat.(Trin-O 57)650 : How were þow of such powere, Godis liknesse to dere?
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3748 : A man may here with his hande Make asethe for another lyfande, Þe whilk es noght of power þar-to.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)21/12 : Certis dame fortune failiþ power to spoile vertu of his gentilnes.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.3.199 : Men han no power to don nothing ne wilne nothing.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.259 : The thinges that God hath present..shollen ben; But som of hem descendith of the nature of thinges (as the sonne arysynge) and som descendith of the power of the doeris (as the man walkynge).
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)24 : Siþen what euer þing is of power forto knowe a lawe, is þerby of power forto knowe defautis and synnys doon anentis þilk lawe.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)151 : Þay..settes þair hert & þare powere All vnto crist.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13219 : Who-so lightes in þat lond fro the low sea, Þai haue no power to passe fro þere pure art.
- (a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)97/26-7 : Ho that hath power to refreyne his tunge, hath power to refreyne alle his othir willes.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)30/27 : Unneth they had only power to deffende them.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.8a : It hath pleased Almyghty God..to geve poiar to You, Liege Lord, to reduce this youre Reame..oute of the daungerous chaunces of Bataill into the..estate of peas.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)121 : For it is no poiar to mowe aliene and put away; but it is power to mowe haue and kepe to hym self.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)98a : Power [Monson: A Powere]..facultas.
- ?c1475 *Trev.Nicod.(Sal 39)131a : Ȝyf hy hadde no puwer, hy schodo [read: schode] nouȝt speke; euerych haþ power to speke gode oþer ouel.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)26 : My saule had no power to a-byd.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)66/7 : Loke thou present thiself fermely, both body, herte, trust, conscience, power, and hole entente, to the goodnesse of the most excellent Lorde.
b
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)27/12 : In ech parfite, notable beest, and þerfore mych raþir in man, ben v inward sensitijf wittis, or v inward sensitijf witti powers.
- a1456 Marmaduke SSecr.(Ashm 59)221/34 : Þer is no wey to knowe any thing, or to do anything but if it beo by þe power of clere vnderstonding.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)90/29 : And so ther ben thre powers of the sowle; scilicet, yre, concupyscencye, and reson.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)724 : Þe Erchebischop of Euerwyke fondede for-to bringe A-cord and loue, bi is pouwer [Hrl: poer], bi-twene thomas and þe king.
- (1385) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)7.469 : Yay sall lely let yaim of yair Boundes, At yair Powair, for owten fraude or gile.
- c1400(1389) Wycl.25 Art.(Dc 273)479 : Ȝif ȝe wille..do þis riȝtwysenes..doyng ȝoure bisynes upon ȝoure connynge ande powere, trewe God wil accept ȝowe.
- c1390 Þe man þt luste (Vrn)6 : His purpos I counte not worþ a pese..but he ordeyne Þis wikked world hou he schal plese Wiþ al his pouwer and his peyne.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.306 : Hate of synne..destroyeth synne bothe in hym self and eek in oother folk, at [vrr. as; as to] his power.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1759 : Uluxes..to his heir Thelamachus..bad that he Thelogonus With al his pouer scholde kepe Til he were of his woundes depe Al hol.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)5.75 : To apeire hym be my power I pursuide wel ofte.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3131 : Kyng Thoas..euere haþ be vn-to Troye toun An enmy gret, vn-to his power.
- (1420) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)9.919 : We shull Travaill, for oure Pouer, to theffecte that..both the Crounes..perpetuelly be togedyr.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1630 : Tydeus..With al his power and his ful myght..thankede the kyng.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)284/31 : He..schulde..rowe forþ vndir the whyngis and fynnes of religyoun, keping þe same religyoun aftir þe first entent to his power vnto þe deeþ.
- ?c1430(?1383) Wycl.Curse (Corp-C 296)289 : Seynt Gregory and Seynt Austyn fledden at al here power to be bischopis.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)10861 : Þer horses at þer power runnen.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)60 : Thow shalt fynd men in þi righthond, þe whiche shul lete þe to passe by here power.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)113/17 : God..they honoure in al here power.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)188/21 : Þe dogg swam with hym, & at his power held vp his head.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)6/29 : By Mahounde, Ser, me aght to councell you truly to my power.
- (1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.203 : The saide prest..shall..kepe all the Vestmentis, Juelx, ornamentis, and other goodes belonging to the saide Chaunterie withoute any dispoiling or hurting therof bi all his power.
- (1461) Paston (EETS)1.271 : Ye ar myche behold to the meyir and to Gylberd..for feythfully the owe yow good wyll to ther porys.
- (1475) Stonor1.158 : Ye gette no thyng of me but my hole harte with all my powre.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)131 : We delygently and trewly shalle travayle unto oure power..that justyse be admynystryde and done in the same realme of Fraunce.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)661 : Þen seid þe Kyng, 'Welcum, Adam, As to my powere.'
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)94 : And the kynge turned toward hym to his power [F a son pooir], and made semblaunce that he knewe hym.
d
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)176b/b : I, forsoþ, in degreez folowe G. in þe laste 6 bokez farmacorum..And som expercence [read: experience] of myne after my power [L iuxta posse].
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)36/19 : On the same wise schulde a good knyghte..yeue his helpe and comforte aftir his powere.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)39.401 : Gret Amendis wolde I Maken the after myn symple powere certein.
- (1451) Lin.DDoc.47/12 : I will that al the onormentes..be..gyfen to my chauntre prest to kepe, be ye awisse & owrsight of myn hayres..after the ordynall & yer poure yer-to.
- (c1453) Let.Oxf.in OHS 35322 : Oure seid worke effectuously may be complessid, the wich after oure powere shall endure unto you and youre progeny.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.41 : Wherefore y schalle ascribe how euery thynge hathe bene in the yere þer of, after my powere.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)115/32 : The good prynce..muste kepe iustyce withoute brekyng the same and to yelde to euery man his, aftir his powre.
e
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)164/21 : Prowesse is huanne corage onworþeþ al þet ne is naȝt in his pouer.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.774 : Therfore was souereyntee ordeyned, to kepe and mayntene and deffenden hire vnderlynges..as ferforth as it lith in hire power.
- (c1390) Gower CA 1st Concl.(Bod 902)8.3016* : Mi worthi prince..doth what lith in his poweer..to seeke Love and acorde.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)68/4 : Þi conseil is not in mannes power.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.273 : If it be in my power to chaunge my purpos, than schal I voiden the purveaunce of God.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)6/16 : A cirurgene crafteliche worchyng schulde considre what þat werk is þat he schall haunte in mannes body; the secounde, whi it is applyed; the þridde, wheþer it be nedefull and of power [*Ch.(1): possible; L possibilis].
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)690 : This covenaunt made I tho, That ryght swich as ye felten, wel or wo, As fer forth as it in my power lay..The same wolde I fele.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)44.600 : He hym Sawgh In this Manere..hym to slen In his powere.
- a1450 Chauliac(4) (Cai 336/725)8/2 : It longiþ to a good leche..to take on him þat þat is possible And not for money bihote þingis þat ben not in his power.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)926/28 : Hit shall nat lyghe in youre power nother to perish me as much as a threde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)57b/b : Ne sette þou neuere no certeyn day of þe syke mannys hele, for þat lijþ not in þi power.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)36/14 : Forto lyve anentis god goostly..is forto wille to god al his good, whiche is not in a creaturis power for to make him haue or not haue.
- 1486 ?Berners Bk.St.Albans (Blades 1881)leaf d iii/a : The bellis that yowre hawke shall wheer, looke in any wise that thay be not to heuy ouer hir power to weyr.
f
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4534 : O Venus..this Chauntecleer..in thy seruyce dide al his power.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8000 : Þe fourþe sone was a scoler; To lerne more he dyde hys power.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2044 : Þis ȝong, lusty knyȝt Dide his power & his fulle myȝt..to haue born hym doun.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)107/16 : Andromatha, wiþ grete sighes & weping dide hir power þat he shoulde not goo to þe bataille.
- (1447) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23290 : Wherever ye shall have knowlege that the kynges rightes..ben..withdrawe..ye shall do your trewe power to make hem to be restored to the kyng ayen.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1855 : Endite in frensch or latyn þi greef clere, And for to write it wel, do thi poweer.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)72/29 : Bi schrifte and wepynge teeres and bedes biddynge, þei don her power to arise out and amende hem.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)279/34 : To his helpe I woll do my power.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)68/7 : Than did this Pirrus all his power to drawe Fabricius to his partie.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)163/20 : Thay doo thaire power to take and rauissh by force the lyf and substance of your wifes and children.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)216/33 : Thanne all suche as were of goode wille and corage acceptid grettely his wisedam and grauntid to do theire powere in the same.
g
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3910 : Þai no miȝt nouȝt keuer her destrers For her alder powers.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.146 : My soster, þe qweene..preide me..ȝow to Avengen vppon ȝoure foon Be Alle the power that I myht don.
- (1455) Lin.DDoc.80/26 : I eftesones require my wiff, sonnes, & heires, in the way of Charite..that thei help and Assiste, with all suche power as god hath yeven them, my feoffes and myn Executours to execute my said testament.
- c1475 Exemple sendynge (Vsp D.9)12 : Whylle y may my lyffe-tyme endure, to do you seruys wythe all puere and myght, And to non other but to you, my trowthe I plyghte.
2.
Financial resources, wealth, ability to pay; ben of (in on) ~, to have financial resources; afford (to pay, buy, etc.); after (bi) ~, according to (one's) wealth; over ~, beyond one's means.
Associated quotations
- c1330 Le Freine (Auch)295 : Icham riche, of swiche pouwere þe finde bet þan þou hast here.
- (1345-6) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)121 : Ȝyf any of the same Brethyrhode die and is nouȝt of powere to paye for the costes of the beryinge.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.91 : Euerich of hem by his richesse and power [Higd.(2): after the extent of his rychesse; L Ut quisque eorum locuples est] fyndeþ..horsmen in bataile for to fiȝte.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.117 : Yen schal is gyld brethere..brynge him to cristen mennes bereynge, if he be nouȝt in power of is owen catelle.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.637 : Why is thy lord so sluttissh..And is of power bettre cloth to beye?
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)6445 : Þou..haddest þy self alle þy powere; why were þou nat thyn owne spensere?
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)6823 : Ȝe ryche men, God wyl ȝow charge Þat ȝe ȝyue ȝoure almes large -- Nat ouer powere, neuer a deyl, But ȝyue þat þat ȝe mow ful weyl.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)66/13 : He..departede his goodis to eueriche of hem aftur his power.
- (1422) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.143/93 : Euerych housholder of euery Crafte, being of power, sholde ordeigne hym a blac goune with an hood of blac.
- (1423) Pet.Sutton in Fenland NQ 7308 : Thai be not of power to susteigne the said costes.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)173 : Hafe þane pete and mynd one þe pore, for þou arte of [Lamb: art on; Ir: hase] powere.
- c1450 Royal SSecr.(Roy 18.A.7)7/30 : And if thou wille gete larges, biholde and considir thi power and thi ricches, and also the tyme of nede and the deservyngis of thi men.
- (1472) Will York in Sur.Soc.45203 : She will..reward theme aftir hir power for us bothe.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)98a : Power:..dis.
- (1480) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.137 : I..forgeve to all suche persones that been indetted unto me and be not of power to paie all suche sommes of money as thei unto me owen.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)575 : He is a marchande of gret powere.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)131/3 : Who despendyth more than his Powere or his goodis strechyth, descende he moste in Powerte.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)51/33 : Þanne shalt þow, after þy pouere, with mesure, gif þy godes to þeym that hauys myster.
3.
Of men or animals: physical strength, energy, vigor; might or prowess in battle; if ~ stonde, if bodily strength or vigor remain.
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.Jas.(LdMisc 108)179 : Anon hadde þis luþere worm is pouwer al ilore, Þat hit ne miȝhte ane fot forþere passe.
- a1350 Dream Bk.(1) (Hrl 2253)128 : Whose meteþ is her is long, he wroþ [read: worþ] of poer gret & strong.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)8 : In Litel Bretaygne was a kyng Of gret poer in alle þing, Stif in armes vnder sscheld.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.9.19 : Sotheli, the power of horsis is in the mouth of hem and in the taylis of hem.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.37 : With Dronkeschipe..al togedre him is benome The pouer bothe of hond and fot.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)73b/b : Kende bringiþ forþ all men Iliche in powere & in myȝt.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2846 : Iepte went onys to batayle And preyd God hys powere shuld nat fayle.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.22.14 : Whether thin herte shal susteyne or thin hoondis shulen haue power [L prævalebunt] in the dais whiche I shal make to thee?
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.167 : I holde it gret deynte, A kynges sone in armes wel to do..For gret power and moral vertu here Is selde yseyn in o persone.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)411 : Power, or strengthe: Potestas, robur, fortitudo, nisus, vigor.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)1256 : The serpent clepyd draconia..more ys in qwantyte Than ony best on erthe..Ayens hos powere, men..A panterys skin bere.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)44.591 : On bothe knes the kyng fyl tho, for non power he ne hadde to Ryse.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)244 : Rycharde..was a man of grete powere.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)11740 : Yf my hand fayle hyd or hew or stand noyȝt in yt power playn, Supose ȝe þen þat all sall sew as he has sayd yow for certayn!
- c1450 Scrope Othea (Lngl 253)1 : This tyme of age and feblenesse ys comen..takyng away yowre naturall streyngtht and power from all such labouris as concernyth the exercysing off dedis of cheuallrie.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)18/11 : Y holde me content..whi a beestis soul bigynneþ and endiþ to be bi power of þe bodi.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)164a/b : And if he be leten blood and be not helid in conuenient tyme, he schal be purgid wiþ a liȝt purgacioun if power stonde.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)198 : Go gete þe on wher þou myȝt, Þat be of more powere.
- a1500(?a1425) Ipom.(2) (Hrl 2252)1586 : He wold be more assayed ere..Of his strenghe and his powere.
4.
(a) The capacity of a thing, quality, condition, etc., for having a certain effect; efficacy; power (to do sth.); the strength of a weapon [1st quot.]; haven ~ ayenes, to avail against (sth.); (b) the special virtue or property of a stone or mineral; (c) the influence of a heavenly body; influence or dominance of a zodiacal sign over bodily parts or organs; (d) physical force, violence.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.75.4 : Þere he altobrac poweres, bowe [L potentias arcuum; but cp. Rolle Psalter: potencias: arcum, scutum, etc.], sheeld, swerd, & batayle.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10631 : For no þyng haþ powere Aȝens þe sacrement of þe autere.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)993 : These arowis fyve..ben unmete And contrarye to that other fyve..though I telle not..Of her power ne of her myght.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.6.57 : Perturbaciouns..this power..han, that they mai moeve a man from his place (that is to seyn, fro the stabelnesse and perfeccion of his knowynge).
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)131/621 : For fier kyndel, bifore al oþere þynges, hath power to restreyne humorus.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)174/35 : Of which respectyue or biholdyng goodis, summe ben delectable, as ben..þingis hauyng in hem power for to cause and make delectacioun.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1737 : Cold makith hete inward then to fle, And ligge nye to-gedir; then strenger hete is he, which, bi his strength, his poware is more To make digestion then he myght bifore.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.in Centaurus 12 (Lnsd 793)218/5314 : Whanne a clowde is but þynne And haþ litel power him wiþynne.
- a1550(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Sln 1873)2845 : Oon fornace bi me is fownde of newe..Whose secrete powere with studye sowgth And with grete coste was deerly bogth.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2572 : To the rede and to the whyte, This Ston hath power to profite.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)193b/a : Antimonium..is a veyne of erþe, þe clerer þe beter; his power fretiþ awei deed fleische.
- a1500 Bod.EMisc.Lapid.(BodEMisc e.558)23/7 : Stonys..in many caases have pouer, where erbis and medecynes may not avayle.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)427 : Euerech of þeos seouene mouwen gret wonder on eorþe do..And al-so man, ȝwane he is i-bore onder heore power..Schullen habbe diuers lijf euere ase heore vertue is.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2455 : 'My deere doghter Venus,' quod Saturne, 'My cours, that hath so wyde for to turne, Hath moore power than woot any man.'
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)116a/a : Among planetis þe mone..haþ most power ouer disposicioun of mannes body.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)49a/b : A planete..is nomore but a sterre discordynge from oþere sterris in forme and worchinge, ffor he is grettere and more of power þan oþere þat ben lasse þan he.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)49b/a : Gemini, þe þridde signe, haþ power ouer þe schuldris, armes, and of þe handis.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)96/25 : The wyse man..hathe dominacion ouer the power of the sterris.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5965 : Þis planete regneþ of powere Oones in a þritty ȝere, And his regne and his might Is in a signe þat Libra hight.
d
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1615 : So harde he hym hytte..Hys schaft brak wyth greet power.
5.
(a) Spiritual power; spiritual authority; also, the power exercised by Christ while on earth; the power conferred upon the disciples and by apostolic succession; (b) the power of God; haven ~ with, to have the power of (the Godhead); (c) one of God's mighty deeds; (d) the power of a god, the Devil, a devil, the Antichrist; (e) the efficacy of a deed or sacrament.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)20/550, 21/554 : Þo þat he sede 'doþ ȝe þos'..He ȝaf ham power to don hyt..And nou þat power hys yȝiue Fram bysschoppe to preste.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Cor.10.8 : If I schal glorie ony thing more of oure power [L potestate], the which the Lord ȝaf to vs into edifyinge and not into ȝoure distruccioun, I schal not schame.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.7.29 : He was techynge hem as a man hauynge power and nat as the scribis of hem and Pharisees.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.21.23 : The princis of prestis and eldre men of the peple camen niȝ to hym techynge, seyinge, 'In what power dost thou these thingis, and who ȝaf to thee this power?'
b
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)180/68 : A-liue ich am nouþe her, hol and sound, with-oute wounde, to schewen þe godus pouwer.
- c1300 SLeg.Jas.(LdMisc 108)30 : We schullen i-seo ȝwat Iemes þe mai don here, Ȝweþer he þe mai a-ȝein me vndo and a-ȝein mine godes pouwere.
- c1390 Hose wolde be-þenke (Vrn)102 : Al such demyng..Schulde beo reseruet to godes poueere.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)656 : Ȝyf þou trowyst þat hys manhede Haþ no powere with þe godhede, Repente þe, þou art yn synne.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1660 : Þe power of þe hyȝe Prynce he purely forȝetes.
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)1400 : Þe kynge of blisse comes full snelle To lyuere vs thurgh his gret powere, With þe myght of his godhede.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.36 : Her synne is so greet þat, but if Crist of his power and of his grace forȝyue þis synne, it may never be forȝyven.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)24/7 : God..makiþ alle þingis þat are made þoruȝ his power & þoruȝ his witt.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)21/29 : Thus by hys poer he schall shewe that ye hold on a fals lawe.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)324 : Werfor lawde endeles to þe I crye, Recomendynge me to þin endles powre durable.
- a1500 Ihesu þt was borne (Adv)2 : Iesu..hase pwower and mey best Save all in gud prosperite.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.70.16 : I shal gon in to þe poweris of þe lord.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.105.2 : Who shal speken þe poweres of þe lord?
d
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.170 : Þan shal þe fendes power arise more & more in holichirche.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)93/7 : Of wikked spirites, and her power þat thei haue bi þe suffraunce of god.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)5415 : Witterly Þou hast þe palme of victorie; Holde þe palme, & God is payde, Þe deueles powere is alaide.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)11210 : Now sers..asay we sall whedder of our goddes hath more power.
- a1500(?a1425) Chester Pl.Antichr.(Pen 399)505/398 : Wythe the [Antichrist], we purpous more to mell, my felow and I in fere, to knowe thy power and thy myght.
- a1500(?a1425) Chester Pl.Antichr.(Pen 399)513/638 : Antecrist..Thowe hasse ever servyd Sathanas and had hys power in every place.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)304 : He with his wordis of holy scripture shall sle þe devill and do away his power.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10001 : But if þat it so bifalle Þat any of þe deuels alle Wiþ some good man be doun cast, His power wole no lenger last.
e
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10383 : Passyng alle þyng, hyt haþ powere, Þe sacrament of þe autere.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10492 : Ouer alle gode..ys þe messe, For þe sacrament of þe autere Oueral passeþ hys powere.
6.
(a) Control; a complexion's dominance during a certain period; ~ of, control of (a thing, condition); (b) mastery of a person or people, lordship, dominion; authority; (c) real (regal, roial) ~, ~ roial, the lordship or authority of a monarch; also fig.; spiritual ~, the authority of the Church; temporal ~, secular lordship; (d) a position of authority; one of the powers accruing to lordship; (e) a person possessing dominion or authority; (f) ben of ~, to possess lordship or authority; ben in ~, be in a position of authority, possess lordship; bringen (don, setten) in ~, establish (sb.) in lordship or a position of power; taken ~, assume authority or dominion; (g) in ~, in the ~ of, in (a person's, one's, God's, etc.) control, subject to authority or lordship; under ~, under (a person's) authority or control; within an area under (a person's) authority [quot.: c1475(a1400)]; out of ~, beyond (a person's) control; putten in ~, nimen into (to) ~, under-putten to ~, to make (sb., sth., oneself) subject to (a person's, one's, the Devil's) domination or control; bringen in ~, driven into ~, render (deeds, lands) subject, control (sth.); ordeined under ~, set under authority; (h) ~ of (in, into, on, over, to, upon), authority or power over (sb., oneself, sth.); ~ with, influence with or upon (sb.); taken a ~ in, to gain control of (sb.); (i) with ~, ?by force or compulsion.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10249 : No tresour hii nadde Þat hii adde poer of, bote as godeman hadde Bitake hom in warde uor hor soule to do In almessede & orisouns.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.7.4 : The womman hath not power of hir body, bot the hosebonde; also, forsoth, the hosebonde hath not power of his body, but the womman.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.245 : That the feend haue the lasse power of his soule.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Obed.Prel.(Corp-C 296)36 : Þe apostelis hadden þis power, when a synful man was rebel aȝenst goddis lawe, to ȝeue þe fend power of his body to traueilen it.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)315 : Thetes..Hadde off the welle power noon ne myht.
- (1443) Doc.Trade in BRS 776 : Þe same Trinite reskewed þe seid ship of ffaro..wherthurgh þe maister, marchantz, and mariners of þe seid ship of ffaro stode in possession and full power of hir as þei did before.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8471 : Foure colours a man haþ him ynne, Þat of foure complexiouns bigynne..And eueriche haþ his powere In diuerse quarters of þe ȝere.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1714 : The pepyll her callyd thorout euery londe Goddesse of Corne, wenyng in her honde Had leyn all power of cornys habundaunce.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)242 : For euere Man mot him a-bouwie þat hauez mest pouwer.
- c1300 SLeg.11000 Virg.(LdMisc 108)9 : A kyng þare was þo in Enguelonde, and Man of gret poer.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10164 : Þe king vorbed ek in þis lond al þe popes playdinge, Of bullen & of oþer þing, þat he nadde poer non.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1376 : Hail þou be, king Fortiger, & god þe loke in þi power.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)71/12 : Allas, huet is ous worþ oure pouer, worþssippe..and bost?
- a1350 SLeg.Juliana (Ashm 43)29 : Ȝif þou art adrad Of þe emperour..iwis, þou art amad; Þei is power be non such, sone it wole ago.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.22.21 : I shal clepen my seruant eleachym..& þi power I shal ȝyuen in to his hondis.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.3040 : He..mysvseth the myght and the power that is yeuen hym.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2932 : The pouer Of hem that weren in astat Was sauf.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)3.280 : So is þis worlde went wiþ hem þat han powere.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2332 : Pallamydes..seide him silf was of more pouste Amonge Grekis..Concludynge þat, be no maner weye, To his power he nolde nat obeye.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6632 : I wole not determine Of prynces power, ne defyne..If it so fer may strecche in this.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)43/20 : Sho is lowsid owte of þe power of hir abbesse.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)411 : Powere, of auctoryte: Auctoritas.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)585,588 : Iuno hyghte me poer; Þerof..ys no mester: Kynges sone y am & lord schal be; Poer ynow schal come to me.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)2452 : Þat powere Þat þou hast on erþe here, Þou hast by noon oþer þinge Safe by my Fader suffringe.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)222 : The Kyng held a Parlement at London, fro whech mite no man of powere absent him.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)2920 : Ther seruauntys & meyne Yiveth them power & powstee.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)110 : Thai both bith egall in estate and in poiar.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)169/18 : Whoo that resisteth agayn their [the princes'] powr, he stombeleth or mysgydeth himselfe agayn the ordynaunce of God.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Glo 42)727/10 : A newe kyng..schuld haue fulle power in all þinges & his comaundementes as a kyng schuld haue.
c
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)16/6 : Þe temporalte schal serue þe spiritualte..& spiritual power schal gouerne & rule þe temporal power.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)315 : Cadmus þus hath his kyngdam lorn, Sceptre and crowne and his powere Royal.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.5.51 : Famylieres..the real power of kynges..ful ofte throweth adoun.
- (1461) RParl.5.464a : He was..in lawfull possession of the same Reame, with the Roiall Power, Preemynence, Estate, And Dignite.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)58/30 : Of Regall lyff xal come suche foyson..with regall power to make man fre.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1758 : The principalle agent of the qualitees fowre hath power Royalle, as lord of moste honour.
d
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Dan.3.3 : Satrapes weren gedrid, magestratis and iugis and duykis and tirauntis and the best men that weren ordeyned in poweris.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.402 : Contumax is he that thurgh his indignacioun is agayns euerich auctoritee or power of hem that ben his souereyns.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1654 : For of þe Hyȝest he hade a hope in his hert Þat uche pouer past out of þat Prynce even.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.6.5 : Dignytees and poweres, yif thei comen to any wikkid man, thei doon as greet damages and destrucciouns as dooth the flaumbe of the mountaigne Ethna.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.4.91 : The dignyte of the provostrye of Rome was whilom a greet power; now nys it no thyng but an idel name.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)213/5 : Tyrauntis wiþ alle her powers myȝte neuere defende hem fro hem.
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)362 : Þe state of seculer lordis, fro..þe emperoure to þe lowest sqwyer þat by wai of office of his state beriþ þe swerde..saynt poule calliþ powers, and saiþ þat þis power beriþ þe swerde not wiþ-owte cause.
e
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Rom.13.1 : Euery soule, or lyuynge man, be suget to hiȝer poweris.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.334 : Euery man & woman mote be soget & meke to þe poweris abouyn hym & to his souereynys.
f
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)983 : Þou miȝt beon i-war eftsone to take on so, to bringe men In so gret povwer, swiche ase he is, to beon þe hexte of þine londe.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)244 : Seint Daui þe kyng cam, þat was of so gret power [Corp-C: poer; Vrn: pouweer].
- c1300 SLeg.Dunstan (LdMisc 108)38 : Þo he was king and in his power ido.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7895 : He bigan..to drawe to him þe heyemen þat in poer were þo.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)371 : Þurth ous þou art in þi power; Ȝif ous now our lower.'
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3398 : Merlin tok þo to ich mester, Þat sleiȝe were and of power.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ruth 1.1 : In þe daies of oon juge, whan þe jugis weren beforn in power, þer is maad grett hungyr in þe erþe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.17.12 : Ten kynges..ȝit han not takun kingdom, but thei shulen take power as kinges.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)9768 : So was kyng salamon sett in his power playn.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Glo 42)728/11 : Whyle I am yn my state & in my power, I schal sende by-for me..tresowr & goode.
g
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)440 : Þe Aumperour þane oþerne ouer-cam, And al his folk..into his power [vr. baundoun] heom nam.
- c1300 SLeg.Greg.(LdMisc 108)35 : A-las þe sorienesse Þat þe prince of þe deorke helle schal habbe in powere [Corp-C: poere] A lond fol of so fair folk.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1038 : Iuly, þe emperour of rome..muchedel of þe world bi este to is poer nom.
- c1330 Roland & V.(Auch)178 : Lorain & lombardye, Gascoyne, bayoun, & pikardye Schal be in þi pouwer.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)164/21 : Prowesse is huanne corage onworþeþ al þet ne is naȝt in his pouer.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.16 : He woneþ in þe power of sathanas.
- 1372 In bedlem is (Adv 18.7.21)64 : Loueliche as a lomb, He put himself in here puwer.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.6.12 : I vndir no mannis power schal be brouȝt down.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 7.8 : I am a man ordeyned vndir power, hauynge knyȝtis vndir me.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.8.11 : Thei distruyeden other rewmys and ylis that sumtyme aȝein stoden hem and dryuen hem in to power [WB(2): brouȝten in to power; L in potestatem redegerunt].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2943 : It is an hard thyng..that a man putte hym al outrely..in the myght and power of hise enemys.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.880 : No thyng Of hise thynges is out of my power but oonly ye.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8138 : Þyn ye ys þyn messager To brynge þy dede yn powere.
- c1400 Who-so loueth endeles (Sim)64 : Men dreden more þe world now here, Þen him þat wrouȝte þe world..And al þing haþ in his pouwere.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)5884 : Prelats..Sal acount yhelde..Of þair suggets undir þair powere.
- ?a1425 Castle Love(4) (CotApp 7)15 : A kyng..heuen and erth and all thyng Had in hys power.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)64/14 : Who-so kepith his tonge kepith his soule, for deth and lijf is in the power [vr. poure] of the soule.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)705 : Þer leveþ no lime..Þat in ȝour power is put, but parted to fendus.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5402 : To my powere vndire-putt is all þe playn werd.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)14168 : And þou wold..putt hym in my power playn, full sone þen sall þou se how he suld turn full tyte.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.39/19 : Thomas..Archiebisshop of Caunturbury..to all Bisshops, Archedecons, and prestis, In whoos powre and parish been tithis to þe church of Seynte Marie of Oseney perteynyng, helth.
- a1475(1450) Scrope DSP (Bod 943)96/22-3 : A worde is in a mannes power to it be spoken, and whann it is said, it is out of his power.
- c1475(a1400) Brut-1333 (Dc 323)3/26 : Better we mowe do þis þing vndir our fadres power þan elles-where.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)302 : Mankynd..was contrarie to god while þat it was in power of þe devill.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)22/416 : I haue not do my bisynes to chastise þo þat ben vndir my power and breken þin lawe.
h
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.11 : Ther nas non in Engelonde that hadde so gret poer Of the kynedom as Seint Thomas.
- c1300 SLeg.Dunstan (LdMisc 108)49 : Þis holi Abbod, seint Dunston, hadde gret power With þe king Eadmund; þo he was king, he was is conseiller.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.135.8,9 : Þe lord of lordis..made grete liȝtȝyueres, Þe sunne in to þe power of þe day, Þe mone & þe sterrys in to þe power of þe nyȝt.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.2.26 : To him that..shal kepe til in to the ende my werkes, I shal ȝiue to him power on [vr. vpon] folkes, and he shal gouerne hem in an yren ȝerd.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.14.18 : An other aungel wente out of the auter that hadde power on fijr.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Dan.7.22 : The ylk horn made bataile aȝein saintis and hadde power [WB(2): maistrie; L prævalebat] ouer hem.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2250 : Neuere in thy lyf to thy wyf ne to thy child ne to thy freend, ne yeue no power ouer thy self.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.3039 : That thynketh me muchel agayn resoun and out of mesure, considered the power [vr. poarr] that they han yeuen yow vp on hem self.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.906 : In swich folk hath the deuel power.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.2341 : Nectanabus..upon the creatures, Thurgh his carectes and figures, The maistrie and the pouer hadde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.158 : Vpon his flessh, while that I am his wyf, I haue the power duryng al my lyf.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)68/18 : I schal schewe whuche þei ben þat þe deuel mai haue power ouer.
- (a1415) Hoccl.York (Hnt HM 111)35 : My Lord, nat I, shal haue of thee poweer.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.2 : O Myghty Mars that wyth thy sterne lyght In armys hast the power & þe myȝt.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.6.34 : O ye erthliche bestes, considere ye nat over which thyng that it semeth that ye han power [L praesidere]?
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)10/2 : We trowe wele þi powere es grete apon þi subgets.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)372 : The ffirst seyde..Gretly desirynge his prosperyte, That noon enemyes have in him power.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)27/9 : Noon had power to hym in heuene ne in erþe.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)321/22 : Þe devull tuke a power in hur.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)247 : Even peer hath not power into his eeve peer.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)59/25 : Thou hast no powere ouer me but if it were ordeined from heven an high.
- c1475 St.Marg.(3) (Brm)262-5 : Yff thow haue pore of my fleysse To do þi wyll..Powre of my sowll gettys thow non.
- a1500(?a1425) Chester Pl.Antichr.(Pen 399)511/568 : Have here brede..But I moste blesse hyt or I goo, that the fende, mankyndes foo, one hit have no powere.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3105 : Gentilnesse, þanne, is powere And richesse þat a man haþ here Of londes, of rentis, and of see.
i
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1216 : Ȝyf þou destroblyst here testament, Yn here lyfe or aftyr here ded, with powere or ȝyft, cunseyl or rede, Þou hast trespast.
7.
(a) Legal power or authority; esp. authority delegated or conferred upon someone; authorization; a legal power; the authority to hear confession and give absolution; (b) fre (ful, plein) ~, unrestricted power or authority; (c) ben of here ouen ~, are legally competent in their own right; (d) territorial jurisdiction of a town; (e) legal authority or effect of a deed or a grant of privilege
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)761 : On me nastþu power non swych destresse for-to do.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10326 : Þe pope send er sonde To erchebissops & bissops & ȝifþ ech poer In is bissopriche, þe & þine to amansi ver & ner.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11810 : Þo com..Þe quene wiþ a legat..Wiþ þe popes poer to do þe kinges wille.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)172/19 : He ssel zeche zuych ane confessour þet conne bynde and onbynde, þet is..þet he habbe power him to asoyli and him penonce to anioynj be þe zenne.
- (1363) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.8 : The which folk so chosen and sworn shull haue full power of þe mair.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.471 : Han noght oure myghty princes to me yeuen, Ye, bothe power and auctoritee To maken folk to dyen or to lyuen?
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 19.10 : I haue power for to crucifie thee, and I haue power for to delyuere thee.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.218 : He hadde power of confessioun, As seyde hym self, moore than a curat.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1320 : Thanne hadde he, thurgh his iurisdiccioun, Power to doon on hem correccioun.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)11603 : Alle prestes haue not powere For to assoyle þe..But hyt be þy parysshe preste Or haue hys leue.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)8.157 : Now haþ þe pope power, pardoun to graunte.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)48/2 : Þei haueþ y-bilde fayre mynstres & rial palyces..& þe cause þere of semeþ þe power of heryng of schriftes.
- (1423) RParl.4.256b : The Justices of the Pees in all Shires of the Roialme, Mairs, Baillifs, havyng poair to enquere of the Pees, may inquere, here, and termine all the defautes aforeseid.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)125 : Ȝif the wyttenesses be residentz and duellyng in the toun, so that the baillives of the toun may doon the wyttenesses, by the power of here court, comyn aforn hem to trie the seyd script, [etc.].
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)129 : Thanne have the same burgeys to whom the dette ys owyng power to arestyn the chateux of his detour.
- (?c1436) Duke Burgundy (Rome 1306)61 : Thou shewedest thyself assoilled by a cardinal, The which was withoute power papall.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)411 : Powere, of auctoryte:..jurisdictio.
- (1442) Let.Bekynton in RS 56.2181 : We wol that ye holde forthe your wey thiderwarde, using at your thider commyng the pouaire and instruccions that ye received in our presence.
- (1447) RParl.5.129b : Praye the Kyng..that the Chauncellere of Inglond..have fulle auctorite and poier to make as well the saide Executours..to appere afore hym in the Kynges Chauncerye.
- (c1447) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1p.lxiii : Besechith makely Margarete, Quene of Englond..to haue licence and pouoir to ley the furst stone in her owne persone.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1497 : Petyr and Powle, apostoly, To whom God ȝafe powere to lese and bynde.
- (1472) Grant Arms in Antiq.49289 : The Hole Crafte and felawship of masons..have desired and praide me..that I, by the powre & auctorite by the Kyngs goode grace to me in that behalve commytted, shuld devyse A Conysaunce of Armes for the saide Crafte.
- (1474) RParl.6.117a : The said Commyssioners..have auctorite and power to make, name, and assigne such and as many Collectours..the which by this same Acte shall have power and auctorite to make Levie and due Collection of the sommes.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)98a : Power [Monson: A Powere]:..jus, jurisdiccio.
- a1500 Rule Serve Ld.(Add 37969)14/24 : All suche poure, rule, and commondmentes as þe marshall hade at þe fyrst mete..þe vsher shall haue at the seconde mete.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)215 : God..ȝaf to man fre power To chese..Off god and yuel.
- (1420) Dec.Bolour in NPalaeog.Soc.1 (Hrl Charter 83.D.32)249/4 : Y, Thomas Bolour..was mad feofe by Rychard Seyntbarbe of alle the londes and tenementes..wyche he had in the Maner of Brent Seyntbarbe..by fre power and ful estate mad of the forsayde Rychard Seyntbarbe.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3844 : Crist gave to Peter playn powere.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)9/24 : All cristen men schuld be obeyand to a pope..to wham Godd gaffe full powere for to bynd and to louse.
- (1433) RParl.4.425b : Commissions..be direct in every Shire..to a Lorde of the seid Shire and to the too Knyghtes of the same Shire..gyffyng theym..pleyne poair and auctorite, by there discretion..to appoynte, lymyte, assigne, and sever..every Toune, Citee, and Burgh, desolate, wastud, destruyed, over gretly empoveryshed..in the seid Shire, the somme of his discharge by their discretion.
- (1439) LRed Bk.Bristol2.152 : Reseruyng to yow and to your successoures plein poair atte all tymes to repelle, vndo, make lesse, and encrese the same ordenauns to youre pleser.
- (1450) RParl.5.203b : That yowre Chaunceller of Englond and your prive Seall and yowre Chieff Jugge of youre Benche have pleyn poar and auctorite to calle byfore theym every such Officer.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)110/15 : Moolde..in her wedowhode and fre power..quyte-claymed..all the right and clayme that she had..in that mese.
c
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)82/19 : Wymmen and other persones whiche be noȝt of here owen power, they mow be asoylid of the bisshop.
d
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.66 : No brewestere out of fraunchyse, ne may brewe wit-ynne þe power of þe Citee, to sale, but ȝif hij do warfore to þe baylyues vp-on þe quantite of here dedes.
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.68 : Also, no man out of fraunchyse..ne may bouþe halde, ne bygge, byþynne þe power of þe town.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)p.71 : Ech manere of goode, þer þe kynges whyȝte belythe, and it be leyde wyt-ynne þe power of þe toun to selle, þe kynges weyȝere, by whate whyȝte þat it be wey, and of what fraunchise so þat it be, þe weiȝere schal haue for þe wyȝte aftur þe quantite.
e
- (c1447) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1p.lxiii : Plese hit..to graunte that alle priuileges, Immunitees, proffites, and comodites contened in the lettres patentes aboue Reherced may stonde in theire strength and pouoir after forme and effect of the conteine in theym.
- (1464) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.3268 : The seed feffes..by their seuerall dedes shull graunte..as many annuitees as shull yerly extende to cccc marke..with sufficient power to be contened in euery of þe same dedes for to distreyn in all þe seid maners..for þe seid annuitees.
8.
A land or territory under a person's control or authority, dominion, kingdom.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)502 : He hete chese carpenters Oueral in his powers, And masouns, þat þai no lete, To him þai schuld comen sket.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.44.3 : Preise we glorious men..men lordshipinge in þer powers, grete men in vertue.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)4 Kings 20.13 : Þer was not a woord þat ezechie schewede not to hem in his hous & in al his power.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.8.6 : What euere thyngis he wolde..Kyng Salamon..bilde in ierusalem & in liban & in al þe lond of his power.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)34 : Thus thei riden forth her iourneis till thei come withinne Vortigers power.
9.
(a) A military force, an army; also fig.; host of warriors; the noblemen of a king [2nd quot.]; also, military force or might; ben of ~, to have military power; (b) ~ of shire, the army of a sheriff's domain, the posse comitatus; (c) a period of military might or dominance.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)72/65 : Willame Bastard..let him greiþi folk i-nouȝ and gret poer with [him] nam..and to Enguelonde he cam.
- c1300 SLeg.Greg.(LdMisc 108)82 : So he prechede þere, Þat þe king and alle is men sone i-baptizede were; þo huy hadde i-brouȝt in-to godes lawe þene kyng and is pouwer.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2049 : He nom wiþ him of is lond gret pore [vr. power] ynou.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7639 : Hii adde of boþe þe londes Gret poeir sone anhonde.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3427 : Þai wil comen anon, y wot, And help þe oȝain king Lot And elleswhere [wiþ] her power.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)3012 : An hundred Turkes & her pouer, Herhaud þai gin alle asaile.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2273 : His felawes..bad him-self ȝerne to come wiþ gret pouwer & cacche hem in haste.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.928 : He with pouer goth to seke Ayein the Scottes forto fonde The werre which he tok on honde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3966 : Esau..com again wit his poer.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1877 : Wiþ þe power of vche contreye Þat hij couþen til hem purueye, To Alisaunder hij ȝiuen byker.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)46/13 : The kyng..graunted hym Constantyn, his broþer..with Poer of folk & hem dede arraye hors, armure, & schippes.
- a1425 Nicod.(1) (Add 32578)344 : My men..Wald stand & fyght..And brynge with þaime full grete powere.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)641 : Kyng Aganippe wyth hys power In helpe of kyng Leir, hys fer..To Bryttaine wyth þame past þe ce.
- (1430) RParl.5.416b : Furste, to knowe what Power shal be sent into France for suretee of the persone of oure Soveraigne Lorde and for the continuance of his Werre theire.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)70 : And the xxv day off the same moneth ffylle vpon hym the power off ffraunce, moo thanne iiij xx thousand off ffihtyng men.
- c1450(?1436) Siege Calais (Rome 1306)16 : The Duc of Burgone..Made grete assemble..Of all the power and Chiualrie Of Burgone and of Pykardie, Of hanaude and holland.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1635 : They..Planttez them in the pathe with powere arrayede, To pyke up þe presoners fro oure pryse knyghttez.
- 1448 *Glo.Chron.C (Arms 58:Kooper)f.142r : Dunston and Ethelwolde byshop of Wynchestre gonne to gedere powere by here ffrendeshipes and come with strenthe to putte oute the monkes.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)87b : While þey ben out of array and ordenaunce, þilke power [L manus] þat was ysend by priuey weies [meteþ] wiþ hem in þe berd, and þan ben þey disseyued and begiled.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1510 : The more powere that they be, The more honour wyn sall we.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2056 : Fey fallis in þe fild fele of þire othire, Þe pouwere of Persy, in partis many.
- (1458) Let.Sou.in Sou.RS 22 (Sou SC.2/9/2)12 : We haue tithings out of Normandie, howe the frenshe men been redye with a grete powre.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)249 : Than sent the Kyng for hem into the Toure, that thei schuld come and telle the cause why thei had rered swech a powere.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)678/2 : And he wolde go warre uppon the myscreauntes, he sholde go oute of preson and have all his power with hym.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306)63 : This yere the Duke of Yorke..went overe þe see with a ryall power.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.99 : He went to Roome with greate power Of Britons strong, with Flemynges and Barbayns.
b
- a1325 *Rwl.Statutes [OD col.] (Rwl B.520)lf.25b : He [the sheriff] leue alle oþer þinges ant nime mid him þe pouer of his schire.
c
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)87 : Þe saxons þo in her poer, þo hii were so riue, Seve kynges made in engelond, & suþþe bote viue.
10.
Misc. (a) Pl. an order of angels; the Powers; (b) gram. a general term for the quality of a conjunction in regard to the kinds of connections it can make; (c) the word 'power'; (d) glossing ML apodoxis; ?conclusive proof.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Col.1.16 : For in hym alle thingis ben maad in heuenes and in erthe, visible and vnuysible, ether trones, ether dominaciouns ether princehodes, ethir poweris [WB(1): potestates; L potestates].
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.6 : To þee alle aungelis, to þee heuenes & alle maner poweris, To þee cherubyn and seraphyn, crien wiþ vois wiþ-oute ceessing: Holi! Holi! Holi!
b
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)116 : How many thynges falleth to a coniunccion? Thre. Whych thre? Power, ffigure, and order. How many spyces hath the power of coniunccion? ffyue by the Donet: copulatyf, disiunctyf, expletyf, racionel, & causell.
c
- c1425 *Wycl.Concord.(Roy 17.B.1)97b : Miȝt..Loke in 'Power'.
d
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)98a : Power: Apodoxis [Monson: A Powere: Apodixis].
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)7/306 : How mony thyngus longon to a coniunccion? III. Wech iij? Powere, fygur, and ordyr.
Note: Supplemental material for sense 10.(b).