Middle English Dictionary Entry

pā̆rtī̆(e n.
Quotations: Show all Hide all

Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1.
(a) A part, division, or section; delen (departen) in ~; delen (dividen) in parties; (b) a physical piece, fragment, or bit; (c) a portion, share, allotment; a (som) ~ of, a certain amount of, some; ~ o (of), a certain amount of (sth.), a share of; also, any portion of, any; ~ silver (moneie), a portion of silver, certain amount; ~ of the king, a contribution or an obligation of the king; (d) a division of subject matter, branch of knowledge; a section of a book or treatise; ~ of resoun (the donet), a part of speech; (e) a component, an aspect, or a property; (f) a part of the body, limb, organ; ~ of nature, the anus; ~ pacient, afflicted member.
2.
In phrases: (a) a (of) ~, of) som ~, in part, partly, partially; somewhat; (b) in (som) ~, in part, partly, partially; somewhat; (c) in al or in ~, in (som) ~ or in al, partly or wholly; in ~ and in al, in every way, absolutely; in ~ of paiement (contentacion, penaunce), as partial payment, etc.; (d) bi (in, with) parties, little by little, gradually; (e) a god ~, a good deal; a god ~ distaunce, a considerable distance; a) gret ~, a great many, a great deal; many, much; (f) in (a, of, of a) gret ~, in great part, to a great extent, greatly; the gret (gretteste) ~, the major part, majority; of gret ~, of a majority; (g) the most (more, best) ~, most ~, the major part, the greater part, the majority, most; for the most (more) ~, for the most part, mostly, in general, usually; (h) expressing fractions or proportions: bi a thousand ~, bi five parties, by a thousand (five) times over; half the ~, one half; the thridde (ferthe) ~, one third (fourth); the to ~, one part, one half; ten (three, etc.) parties, ten (three, etc.) parts or measures; two parties, two parts; also, two thirds; a (o) ~, one part; on ~, one part; also one third; to the thridde ~, to one third of the original quantity.
3.
(a) A geographical division, part of the world, region; a part of the universe; (b) a geopolitical division, nation; a subdivision of a country, kingdom, town, etc.; a district or province; (c) in thes parties, in these parts, around here; not fer from thes parties, not far from here; in those parties, of tho parties, in those parts, there; into that parties, there, thither; from that parties, from there, thence.
4.
(a) A side, an end, edge; also, a place; bothe the parties ben perilous, both extremes are perilous; (b) a direction, way; gon his ~, to go his way; (c) on (til, to) no ~, in no direction, not anywhere; also fig.; in whatever ~, whichever way; of whatever ~, from wherever; into what ~, whichever way, wherever; to what ~, what (which) ~..ever, whithersoever, wherever; unto (on) what ~, what ~, which way, where; (d) one of the cardinal points; the four parties; four parties of the erthe (heven, world), the four corners of the earth, etc.; ~ of the north, ~ of septemtrioun, parties septemtrionales, the north; ~ of the orient, est ~, the east; south ~, the south; (e) in expressions of relative position: hindermore ~, rear end, back part; innere ~, inner part; nethemeste ~, lowest part, bottom; nethere ~, lower part; outre ~, outer part, end; surface; outremore ~, outermost part, end; surface; over (uppermore) ~, upper or higher part, top; surface.
5.
(a) A group of people, social class; a kinship group, lineage; in ~, as a group; (b) one of two opposing or contrasting groups, a side; also, a single contender; a body of supporters, a faction; one side in a tournament; ~ adversarie, ~ contrarie, the enemy; (c) a warring group, an opposing force; an army, company, or detachment; ~ adverse, enemy; (d) a person or group of persons involved in a lawsuit, dispute, betrothal, an agreement, a party to a transaction, etc.; ~ adverse, the opposing side, an adversary; ~ compleinaunt (pleintif), a plaintiff; ~ defendaunt, a defendant; (e) a member of a group, partner, participant; a partisan or advocate; also, an accompanying dish; (f) for min (his, here) ~, on his ~ [quot.: ?a1425], on here ~, in his ~, for my (his, their) part, as far as I am concerned, as far as he is concerned, etc.; of his (mannes) ~, on his (man's) part, in him (man); on min (hire) ~, on his ~ [quot.: a1470], of (o) min ~, on my (his, her) behalf, for me, etc.; in the ~ of min susteren, on the part of my sisters.
6.
(a) A battle, combat, tournament, encounter; holden (maken) ~, to do battle; taken ~, take up arms, do battle; (b) a dispute, contest, debate; maken ~, to dispute; stonden ~, stand in opposition; (c) one side of a debate or lawsuit; an argument; (d) a cause, claim, interest; sustenen ~, to support a cause or claim; (e) partnership, companionship; partisanship, conspiracy; ~ felinge, sympathy; (f) on that o ~, on the one hand; on the other ~, on the other hand; furthermore.
7.
(a) A matter, case, affair; (b) a state, condition; predicament, plight; (c) a chosen course, way of life; (d) a way, manner, respect; in (of) ~ of, in respect to.
8.
Division, the act of dividing.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)3/120 : A pronowne is a party of spech þe wych ys set for a mon.
  • Note: Additional examples may be found at 4/165, 6/239, 7/304, 7/310,311, 8/324
  • a1500 Douce Accedence (Dc 103)56/1 : How mony partyse of speche ben þer?
  • Note: Additional examples may be found at 68/114, 59/165, 60/200, 60/203, 60/207.
Note: Belongs to sense 1.(d), where however we do not have phr. ~ of speche (per MJW)

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1425 NHom.(3) Pass.(Hrl 4196)121/1186 : Þai toke cesar to party [Rwl: to Cesare toke party].
  • Note: We don't seem to have dealt with these phrases anywhere in partie & in taken v., both are glossed as 'invoke (sb) as an ally' (per MJW).

Supplemental Materials (draft)

Note: If editorial gloss and Kotberg ed. are correct, 'parti' in the first quot. of sense 6.(a) (from Tristrem) = 'gegenpartei' or 'opposing side' and the quot. therefore belongs in sense 5.(b)

Supplemental Materials (draft)

Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. party.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

Note: Med., etc. (sense 1.(f)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. party of nature.