Middle English Dictionary Entry

part n.
Quotations: Show all Hide all

Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1a.
(a) A part of a whole, portion; division; an element, constituent part or group; (b) a piece, fragment; particle; one of the severed parts of a wound [quot.: a1500]; (c) ~ of, a part or portion of (sth.); an element or constituent of; a constituent group of (the Church, a king's retinue of knights); an operation in (arithmetic); ~ and parcel of, an inseparable part of (sth.); parcel ne ~ of, not the slightest part of (a sum of money); knouen ~ of, to know something of (medical science); (d) with a qualifying adj.: everi ~, every part (of a manor, parsonage, etc.), everything pertaining; som ~, some; something; more (lesse) ~, more (less); the better ~, the preferable group (of counselors); the more ~, the greater portion; more numerous group, majority [see also more adj. 3. (b)]; the) most ~, the greatest portion (of an area, a realm, lifetime); majority of inhabitants (of a land, the world); majority (of people, men, etc.) [see also most adj. 1a. (c)]; o ~..the other ~, one part..the remaining part; over ~, [see quots. under ō̆ver-part n., some or all of which may belong here]; heighere (innere, hinder, nethere) ~ [see also hinder 1. (b)]; etc.; (e) in prep. and adv. phrases: bi partes and bi his partes, piece by piece; for the more (most) ~, mainly, in general [see also more adj. 3. (b), most adj. la. (c)]; for the more ~ or muche, most ~, in general; in ~, in part, partially; in ~ or in al, partially or totally; nouther in al nouther in ~; in) ani ~, in any part or respect, at all; in everi ~, in every part or piece; in every respect, completely; on, upon) everi ~, in every respect, entirely; on ech (no) ~, in every (no) respect; in gret ~, to a great extent; in som ~, to some extent, somewhat; in sondri partes, in various respects or ways; no ~, in no way, not at all; in all partes.
1b.
(a) An anatomical part; the brest ~, the breast; the fore ~, the ventral side of the body [see for(e-part]; hinder part(es, the buttocks of an animal; back of God; (b) a section of a text; (c) a part of an indenture or legal document; also, a copy; (d) in pl.: parts of speech; partes of resoun; (e) a watch (of the night).
1c.
In phrases indicating proportions: (a) a standard measure by which a mixture or recipe is divided; o(n ~, one part; half a ~, one half the standard measure; two (twein, four, ten) partes; (b) with a cardinal number indicating a proportion one measure short of a whole; the) two partes, two thirds (of an allotted tithe, a sum of money); (c) expressing a fraction: the) half ~, a one-half part or share; the thridde part(es, a one-third part; the ferthe (fifte, sixte, seventhe) ~, etc. [see also ferthe lc., fifte 3. (e)]; the thridde ~ weght, one-third weight; (d) in comparisons: a thousand ~ more, a thousand times more; a hundred ~ werse, a hundred times worse; bi a hundred ~ better, a hundred times better; more bi the seventhe (an hundred) ~, seven (one hundred) times more; bi a thousand ~, a thousandth as much, a thousandth as far as; bi twenti thousand ~, even a twenty thousandth; bi the third ~, by a factor of three.
2a.
(a) An allotted portion; a share; also fig.; goddes ~, the tithe; of the develes ~, from the devil; to (for) oure ~, for our share; upon his ~, for his share; ~..neither sort, no share at all; (b) a share of spoils; reward; also fig.; partes of foxes, carrion; (c) a share of an inheritance; (d) the portion of heaven or hell decreed to a soul by divine judgment; an allotted place (in the book of life, heaven); (e) a share in an expense; (f) a communicant's share of the Eucharistic host; (g) ?a share of trade, ?profit.
2b.
In phrases: (a) haven ~ of, to have a share of or in (sb. or sth.), partake of, have; keep; endure (sorrow, Cupid's arrow); haven ~ of deth, meet one's death; haven ~ of man (mannes bodi), etc., have intercourse with a man; haven no ~ of..but, have nothing from (children) but (sickness and sorrow); (b) haven ~ in, to have a claim to or a share in (sb.); participate in (an activity, event); haven ~ and lot in, have any share in (the partition of Israel); the devel hath ~ on, the devil take (sth.); so god have ~ on me, as God is my keeper; (c) haven ~ with, to share in (Christ); (d) taken ~ of, to partake of (bread, divine power, the Holy Spirit, etc.); adopt or share in (the life of grace, flesh and blood); employ (chemical elements); participate in (the church); (e) chesen the best (bettre) ~, to choose the better share, make the better choice.
3.
A person's allotted portion in life; lot, fate, fortune; to his (here) ~, for his (their) lot in life; taken a ~ with, to cast one's lot with (sb.); his more ~, the greater share of his lot.
4.
(a) A part in an activity or affair; role, office, duty; a turn at dice; don ~, to perform (one's) role or duty, do (one's) best; (b) business, concern; an affair; it is not mi (thi, his) ~, etc., it is not my (your, his, etc.) affair; what ~ is to, what business has (a true man with an untrue); (c) for mi (his, oure) ~, etc., on mi (his) ~, in mi ~, for my (his, its, your, etc.) share in the matter, as far as I am concerned, etc.; (d) an assumed role or form; manner; in a sori ~, in an offensive manner.
5.
(a) A region; -- frequently in the plural with singular or collective sense: kingdom, nation; landholding [quot.: (1472)]; litel ~ of the se, the seacoast; what ~, wherever; (b) distance.
6.
(a) A side; border; side of a balance [quot.: c1475]; wing of a battle line [quot.: (c1384)]; at the north ~, on the north side; in the est (south) ~, on the east (south) side; (b) to thi right ~, on your right hand; ben fro the right partes to me, to be at my right side; (c) a bank of a river; (d) in on ~..in on other, in one place..in another place; of the on ~, on the one side; of bothe ~, on both sides; of two partes, on two sides; on either ~, on either side; on the ton ~, to one side, apart; on the (that) other ~, on the other hand, in turn; in (on, upon) everi ~, in every direction, everywhere; to on other ~, to another side or place; in another direction.
7.
(a) A side in a battle, conflict, or dispute; party; faction; battle force; in goddes ~, ?on God's behalf; bouen into on other ~, to accede to one side or party, be partial; taken ~, take the side (of sb.); taken ~ with, side with (sb.); ben on the strong ~, ?be a member of the stronger force; (b) a party to a lawsuit or legal agreement; upon the (on that) on ~..on the (that) other ~; (c) one of two opposing or contrasting entities.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • c1300 SLeg.Marg.(Hrl 2277)308 : Bote þu do Þis dede Ne tyt Þe no part wiþ me.
  • Note: needed for date per JP
    Note: i.e. 'you will not share my fate' (per JP)
  • c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)1/1 : How mony partys of spech byn þer?
  • Note: new phrase for sense 1b.(d) per MJW
    Note: see also c1475 Rwl.Accedence 61/17, etc.; a1500 Douce Accedence 57/90 (in singular)
  • a1475 Peniarth Informacio(1) (Pen 356B)99/285-6 : For when I haue a nowne adiectyue, uerbe neutur, passyue, or hony of hor participuls, gerundyuis or supynnis betokenyng all, comyngin a resun before a wourde that betokenys part of that all, that worde þat betokenus parte of that all schall be set in þe accusatyue case and be gouerned be thys fegur: synodoges.
  • Note: Additional quote(s)
    Note: 1b.(d)?

Supplemental Materials (draft)

Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. part.