Middle English Dictionary Entry
bǒuen v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | bǒuen v.(1) Also bouwien, bow(w)e, bu(e, buwe(n, bewe(n, boughe, bouȝe(n, bouh, buȝe(n, buȝhenn, buhen, buch, bogh(e, boȝ(e, boyhen, bewgh. Forms: sg.2 bu(h)est, etc., bus; sg.3 boweth, etc., bowþe, buus, bouȝþ, buhð, boȝþ; p.sg.3 beh, bæh, beah, beih, beoh, bieh, beaȝ, beȝgh, beiȝ, bey, bah, boȝ, bugh & bowed, etc.; p.sg.2 bewe; p.pl. bowen, buȝen, bugon, boȝen, buhȝen, bæhȝen; ppl. bow(e(n, boun. |
Etymology | OE būgan; bē(a)h, bugon; bogen; also infl. by OE boga n. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To bow, kneel, or prostrate oneself; bow to (sb.), kneel or prostrate oneself before; of the head or knee: bend down in reverence; ~ on kne, to kneel; ~ to fot, fall at the feet of (sb.); ~ doun(ward), ~ into (unto) the erthe; (b) ~ to, to bow to (sb.), kneel or prostrate oneself before; (c) to bend or lower (part of one's body), esp. in reverence or humility; bow (one's head, face, neck, breast, limbs); (d) refl. to bow oneself; bow, kneel, or prostrate oneself (to sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6627 : Herode king Badd to þreo kingess sekenn..Þatt ȝunge king..& buȝhenn himm o cnewwe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)22482 : Sone swa he Arður isæh, swa he on his cneowen bæh.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)5b : Ȝef hit is halidei, buhinde [Nero: buinde] sumdeal duneward, seggeð Pater noster..wið gloria patri..buheð [Nero: buweð; Pep: boweþ] duneward.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)10/29 : Vre leawede breþren siggeð þus hore vres..kneolinde to þer eorðe on werkedei & buinde on halidei.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))2 Esd.8.6 : Thei ben ful bowid [L incurvati sunt], and bowid [L proni] in to the erthe thei honoureden God.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.598 : In the name of Iesu euery knee..sholden bowe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1169 : I serve, I bowe, I loke, I loute.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.17 : Alkyn creatures shulden knelen & bowen.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.33.3 : And he..anouride, bowide into the erthe, seuensithes.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)2889 : Þat name hooly, In whos honour euere kne boueth doun.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1525 : With hir hed scho sal bow down And mekely take hir benysoun.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2511 : Then he bowet the buerne & busket to syt.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)490 : Alle the beryns of Bretayne bewede hym to fote.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)250/4 : Att þe colett sho bowed down vnto þe erthe.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1473 : Me schal beoden..þet alle..greten hit..& buhen [vr. buhe] þertoward.
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)3 : To þe ich buwe and mine Kneon ich beie.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)239 : Ate lasten com anoþer to-uore þe prince and to him he beaȝ.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)4062 : Þis buxum best bowed to þe more þan to alle þe wiȝes.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)1216 : Bowynge to hir, I heng the hed.
c
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)83 : He cneuleð in chirche and bugeð alle his limes.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15740 : Þe nunne beh hire hæfde adun, & hire huȝe dihte.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)35b : Brid fleonninde buheð [Nero: buhð] þet heaued.
- ?a1300 Fox & W.(Dgb 86)194 : Þe wolf bey adoun his brest.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Esth.15.10 : The weeri hed vpon the hond maide she bowide doun [L reclinavit].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 24.5 : Thei dredden, and bowiden her semelant in to erthe.
- c1390 Swete Ihesu now (Vrn)15/183 : I seo..Þin hed bouwede to swete cussyng.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.909 : Boweth youre heed vnder this holy bulle.
- a1400 O Blissed god (Bod 850)17 : Thyne hede þu bowdist all a-downe to here me.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)154/18 : Euery man boweth his hed toward the erthe.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)195/3 : Owr Lady, bowyng down hir heuyd, thankyd hem ful mekely.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)141 : He bowed his hed and his nek.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)106/286 : With All mekenes I clyne to þis A-corde, Bowynge down my face.
d
- c1225 St.Kath.(1) (Tit D.18)2400 : Ha buhde hire, & bede ane bone.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)22482 : Sone so he Arthur iseh, on his cnowes he him beh.
- a1350 Ichot a burde in boure (Hrl 2253)72 : Hire loue..beh him to me ouer bord.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8961 : Dun sco bugh hir [Göt: bowid hir; Trin-C: bowed; Frf: kneled] to þe grund.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)115/15 : Now ilk man do reuerence and bowghe him to þe emperour.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2027 : Bewe not þou þi selve, doted balled schrewe.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)15/6 : A gret ladi..bowed her ayenst a taillour.
2.
(a) To be submissive, be obedient; ben bouwing, ben bouwen, be humble or submissive; ~ til the deth, be obedient when obedience means death; (b) to submit to (sb.), acknowledge (sb.) as one's lord or superior, obey; obey (a command, etc.); (c) ~ to (til, toward, until, unto), to submit to (sb.), be yielding or submissive toward, obey; acknowledge (sb.) as God or as ruler; (d) ~ to (til, until, unto), to submit to (sth.), obey (a command), bow to (someone's will), follow (advice), accede to (a prayer, a request), accept (poverty); ~ to honde, submit to (someone's) authority; ~ to ileve, accept the faith, be converted; ~ to the bowes, submit to the yoke (of a plow); ~ to yoke, bow to (someone's) yoke, accept (sb.) as ruler; (e) ~ herte, to bow (one's) heart, be meek or obedient; pay attention (to words of wickedness); ~ lif, submit one's life, surrender control of one's life; (f) refl. to submit, obey; submit (to baptism, etc.); be given (to the use of women, i.e. to fornication).
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 God þat al þis myhtes (Hrl 2253)25 : In herte ne myhte y neuer bowe.
- a1350 Heȝe louerd (Hrl 2253)71 : Such lyf ich haue lad fol ȝore -- merci, louerd, y nul namore, bowen ichulle to bete.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)140 : Þet me bouȝe [Vices & V.(2): obeiȝe] prestliche.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.3225 : Ther was ynowh to wepe and crie..Bot natheles thei moten bowe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.440 : Oon of vs two moste bowen doutelees.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1082 : Sone..be bowyng yn al þy lyue.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Mal.2.9 : Y ȝaf ȝou worthi to be dispised, and bowen [WB(1): meeke, or lowe; L humiles] to alle puplis.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1939 : Be meke, where thou must nedis bow.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.4527 : Eche thyng mut bowwe whan it is ouer-lade.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)39.11 : I doe thi will, boghand till the ded [i.e. deð].
- a1500 GRom.(Add 9066)25 : Hire mynde for frealte begone to bowe.
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)24/10 : Heo unðances sceoldon buȝan þam casere.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1303 : Þu cnawesst rihht tin Godd..& follȝhesst himm & buȝhesst.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4889 : He him wolden hæren..leofliche him buwen & halden hine for lauerd.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)29755 : No scal hit nauere iwurðen..þat we auere buȝen [Otho: bouwe] Austine þan uncuðen.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)18/27 : Alle heouenliche þing, & heorðliche baþe, buheð þe & beieð.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)52b : Þet child..ne buheð ealdren [Nero: ne buhð nout his eldre].
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)7671 : Nolle we him na more bouwe.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)143 : Hi may hote to þe stones an to þe helles and hi him bouȝeþ.
- c1350 How GWife(1) (Em 106)24 : Loke þat þou him bowe and loue ouer alle þing.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20766 : In him is worthi for to tru þat dos his fas him for to bu [Frf: bow; Göt: bou; Trin-C: bowe].
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.141 : Henry in Inglond wonnes, & has tresore inouh, Richard & Jon his sonnes fulle felle, & wille non bouh.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)109/1058 : Frende, fadyr, & moder dere -- bowe hem not in non manere.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8147 : Our hegh goddes Wold be wrothe..If we bowet not hor biddyng.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.279 : So large & faire thei were, eche manne he [Hrl: theym] bowed.
c
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)136/26 : Ofte dwolmen specon dusilice bi Criste, ac heo hit eft betton & buȝon to him mid soðe bileafæ.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)8961 : Till hemm baþe he lutte & bæh.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9008 : Tennancius..bad heom buȝen [Otho: bowe] him to.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)16/29 : Þet tu ne buest [Roy: buhest] to me, ne nult habbe milce.
- a1250 Wooing Lord (Tit D.18)277 : Þai sehen me swa wek..and buhande toward ham..neh hefde i fulliche buhed til alle mine þre fan.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)82b : Min ahne unwrestlec hit dude, & willes & waldes ich beah [Nero: beih] to þe deouel.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)24065 : He nolde to Howel bouwe.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)3076 : Al þo þat ben to me serueinde, Ichil þai be to þe boweinde.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)84 : He wes lhord..to huam alle þinges boȝen [Vices & V.(2): bowede], and to huam noþing ne myȝte derye.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)17.48 : Þe folk þat ich ne knewe nouȝt serued me and bowed to [L obedivit] me.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2638 : Ne ye shul nat lene or bowe vn to hire [Fortune].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1238 : He toward his god ne boweth.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14496 : All þis werld til him sal buu [Göt: bue; Frf: bowe].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20435 : Heuen and erth buus [Göt: bous; Trin-C: boweþ] te to.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.39 : Cornwaile & Wales bouwed þam vnto.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)7987 : Alle thing tylle þam salle be boghand.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)690 : Als sone als euer he heres my will, Bowes he baynly me vntill.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)966 : Set hase þou Souerayns to wham vs bus bew.
- c1475 Guy(4) (Cai 107/176)9173 : But yf thow were to hym bowand, The steward wold..dystroy the.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11802 : He shollde lutenn himm & buȝhenn till hiss wille.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)101 : Þreo þusend men..buȝen to ileafan efter þes halȝa gastes tocume.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)40/30 : Þet sorhe..me walde leggen on hire leofliche bodi ȝef ha to þe reues read ne buhe ne ne beide.
- a1250 Lofsong Louerde (Nero A.14)211 : Heie helinde, beih þe to me and buh to mine bonen.
- a1275 Seinte marie leuedi (Trin-C B.14.39)8 : Godes word ful wel þov cnewe; ful mildeliche þer-to þov bewe.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)875 : Ich radde him for-ta-bouwien al-to þe kingus wille.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)902 : Al bowed to his hand.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)184 : Huo þet þis yefþe heþ, he boȝþ [Vices & V.(2): obeiȝeþ] to guod red.
- c1390 NHom.Theoph.(Vrn)292 : Alle þei dude bowen to [Hrl: þai bowed untill] his hond.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)21/27 : Þe wynde and þe see weren so stille and so bowȝeande to his wille.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)41/36 : Þis must be markid, þat þei bowe to pouerte to eschewe veyn glory of þis world.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)1692 : Bath Poyle and Calaber land Was halely bowand to his hand.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Dom.III Adv.f.iv (Hrl 4196)292 : All thinges þat er bus buwe bi skill Paisibilly vnto goddes will.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1766 : Alle bowes to his honde.
- c1440 Tales Contrition (Thrn)7/9 : And till þat, my herte heldede mare and bowghede.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)901 : Þai were made as meke..And as bowande to þe bowes as any bestes might.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13220 : Who þat bowes not bainly þere biddyng vnto.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2909 : Buske þe to batell..Outhire ȝare þe ȝapely þar-to or till his ȝokke bowe.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)82.5 : Thai that boghis til thaire bely, not til god.
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)194 : I may not bot boghe to þi bone.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)25/76 : Euery man to my bydyng shuld be bowand ffull feruent.
e
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)119/20 : Buh adun þine heorte.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)118.112 : Ich bowed [L Inclinavi] min hert to do þy riȝtinges.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)358 : Soþ þis Iseiȝ, Hou Merci, hire soster, hir herte beiȝ.
- a1400 Ancr.Recl.(Pep 2498)149/2 : Hij bowen her hertes vnto wordes of wickednisse..& so done men now.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Josh.24.23 : Bowe ȝoure hertis to the Lord God of Yrael.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)65/24 : And to my lyst bowe lyfe and lyre.
f
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)78 : Hi coþen more louye god..and ham zelue þe more bouȝe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19529 : Þe folk..to þe baptisȝing þam buud [Frf: ham bowed].
- a1450 St.Kath.(3) (Richardson 44)23 : He was moued..to make cristen puple..to bowe hem to þe cursed sacrifice of ydolatrye.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)58/3 : Worthy Emperour, bowe noght þe to þe vse of women.
3.
(a) To fall, descend, lie down; ~ to ground (the erthe), drop or fall to the ground; (b) fig. to decline, perish, be ruined; cease, pass away, come to an end; fall away from righteousness, be unfaithful in friendship, fail; -- often with awei or doun; (c) fig. to cast (sth.) down, overthrow, overcome, ruin, subdue; bring (sth.) to an end.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26532 : He to grunde bæh.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)50/30 : Te bodi beah [Roy: beh] to þer eorðe.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)69/743 : Ha beide hire ant beah [Roy: def] duuelunge adun bihefdet to þer eorðe.
- c1330 Floris (Auch)711 : And hi bowe to þe grounde For to waschen here honde, Þe water wille welme as hit ware wod.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)948 : Wel y vnderstande whider þe belaunce bremliest bouwes al-gate.
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)13.4 : Alle boweden [L declinaverunt]; togider hij ben vnprofitable.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)101.12 : My daies boweden [vr. auanesched] as shadow.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.101.12 : My daȝes as shadewe boweden doun [WB(2): awei].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 9.12 : The day bigan for to bowe doun [L declinare].
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)9.43 : He stureþ þi soule, Þat þauȝ þi bodi Bouwe as a Bot in þe Water, Euer is þi soule saaf.
- c1390 Frenschipe faileþ (Vrn)39 : Or þou haue nede, þi frendes a-tast, Wȝuche be stif & wȝuche wol bende, And þer þou fynde bouwynde or bast.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16163 : He him sent till herodes..For to do his breth to bu [Frf: bogh; Trin-C: ceese].
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.13.3 : Alle bowiden awei; togidere thei ben maad vnprofitable.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)1724 : O souerayne euere-lastynge maieste..Whos regne may neyþer bowe ne fal.
c
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)103.6 : Þat foundest þerþe vp his stablenes; it ne shal nouȝt be bowed [L non inclinabitur] in þe worled of þe worldes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 370)4 Kings 21.9 : Thei forsothe herden not, bot ben bouȝt doun [WB(2): disseyued; L seducti sunt] of Manasse.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.13.3 : Alle ben bowid doun [L declinaverunt], togidere vnprofitable ben maad.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15291 : Þe mekenes o þis suet iesus..þat boghed [Frf: bowed; Göt: bued] sua his lauerdhede To buxumnes o threll.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Hrl 1770)45.6 : [Todreued er genge and] boyhed rikes [are].
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Judg.19.9 : Behoold, that the day is more bowid to the sunne goynge doun, and neiȝeth to the euen.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.45.7 : Rewmes weren bowid doun.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Is.26.5 : For he schal bowe doun hem that dwellen an hiȝ.
- a1450 The tixt of holy writ (Dgb 102)116 : For my soule, Ihesu suffred wo..tyl deþ dede hym bowe.
4a.
(a) To bend, curve; ~ (a)doun, bend down, lean over, stoop; fig. stoop (to unworthy conduct); (b) ppl. bouwing, bent, curving; (c) ppl. bouwing, flexible; (d) in proverbs: bettre is to ~ than bresten, it is better to bend than to break, better to yield than be destroyed; bettre ~ than fallen, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)188 : He..nam þar-of a bovȝ..Hit beiȝ al adoun to him.
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)162 : Par charge de frut les uns abessent: bowet adoun [vr. helden].
- c1330 Floris (Auch)1161 : A duk hit seȝ and beȝgh [Cmb: stupede] to grounde.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)246 : Þet trau þet is y-karked mid frut, þe more hit bouȝ to þe grunde.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)677 : Foils somet qe encline, Lefs croppe that bowith.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1760 : A boȝ adoun on þat tyde and cauȝte hym by þe snoute.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 24.12 : He, bowynge doun, syȝ the lynnen clothis.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.185 : In his elde þe stature boweþ and crokeþ and stoupeþ adoun [L statura curvatur; Higd.(2): the stature is boede downe].
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)387 : Þe kyng bowes to his pors him offring to beode.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11683-6 : 'Bogh [Göt: Bou] þou til vs suith, þou tre'. þe tre it boghed [Frf: louted] dune.
- c1400 St.Alex.(2) (Trin-O 57)63/433 : Eufemian a-doun beiȝ.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)120/23 : Prestis bowiden doun to take temperel lordschip bi tempting of þe deuel.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)1/21 : Sche was..lech vn-to þe reed-spyr, whech boweth wyth euery wynd & neuyr is stable.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3366 : Scho bad þe bewes scholde bewe down.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)14.638 : Ouer the hors nekke he bowede..power vp to Sitte non hadde he.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)278 : In this same ȝere..appered a sterre..with a hie bem, whech bem bowed into the north.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)4.79 : Þe maste..Bowid for brestynge and brouȝte hem to lond.
- a1500(?c1400) Triam.(Cmb Ff.2.38)809 : Syr Tryamowre toke to hym a spere..And hyt hym on the schylde..That hyt bowed and bente.
b
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)30/7 : Þe brawn is maad bowynge as a bowe þat is bent.
c
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)3895 : His body all hale þai fynd, In all his lymes bowand As a man were leuand.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)5176 : A temprur founden has to make glas big and eke bowing, As stif as siluer or golde is Or other metal to be wroght.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1248 : So is he..that selve of whom men speke, Which wol noght bowe er that he breke.
- a1400 Prov.Wisd.(Bod 9)42 : Bettyr is to bowe þen brest.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.257 : The yerde is bet that bowen wole and wynde Than that that brest.
- a1450(1413) Glade in god call (Dgb 102)133 : Ȝit is beter bowe þan berst.
- a1500 ?Ros Belle Dame (Cmb Ff.1.6)491-2 : For wers it is to breke þan bowe, certeyn, And better bowe, than falle to sodenly.
4b.
(a) To bend (sth.), put a bend or curve in (sth.); turn or twist (one's body), bend (one's back or neck), flex (the knee); ~ armes, ?wring one's hands; (b) ppl. bouwed, bent, curved, crooked, flexed; bent into a circular shape; (c) refl. to bend oneself, stoop, fall down.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)50/21 : Þa beah [Roy: beh] ha þe swire.
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)110/355 : Hit is iuel to bewen [Jes-O: buwe] þat ter ben ne ville [Jes-O: þat beo nule treowe].
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)427 : Armes heo gan buȝe, Adun he feol iswoȝe.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)17.11 : He bowed [L inclinavit] þe heuens, and com adoune.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.143.5 : Lord, bowe doun thin heuenes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Prov.20.26 : He bowith in vpon hem a stonene bowe [L incurvat super eos fornicem].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Phil.2.10 : That in the name of Jhesu ech kne be bowid [L flectatur].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.317 : Þe emperour..bende it and bowd it as it were tyn.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.113 : Boweth youre nekke vnder that blisful yok.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11690 : It boghud [Göt: boued] dun ilk bogh.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)14.134 : Ich bowede my body, byholdynge al aboute, And seih þe sonne and þe see.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)52 : Take a nedel and bowe it in þe myddel þat it be croked.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.775 : Þouȝ þat he [Patroclus] sturdely hym [Hector] hitte, He myȝt nat bakward bow his chyne.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Judg.7.5 : Thilk that bowiden the knees drynkynge in that other paart shulen be.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.2.37 : The yerde of a tree, that is haled adoun by myghty strengthe, boweth redily the crop adown.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)105a/a : Be not þe knee doubled or bowed with hastynez, bot litel bi litel.
- c1440 Bonav.Medit.(3) (Thrn)201 : Beholde..how he es led forthe..bare-heuede & bowande downewarde þe bake for werynesse.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)78/9 : He was astoned and bowed bak vpon the arson of his sadle.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)65/29 : He had tawt hem so wel to bowe her bakkes and her knes to God.
- a1475 Rev.St.Bridget(3) (Gar 145)72/20 : This kyng hath bowed both his hondes vn[der] my vessell of water.
- c1475 All hayle Mary (Hrl 2251)43 : Bowe thy knees, spare for no shame.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)84/10,12 : He at hys bygynnyng bowþe his knees to God..he bydduþe all men bow herre hedys to God.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)161/37 : When hit is a wixen tree, an hundrid oxyn vnneth hit may bowe.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)11557 : The eluysch knyȝt on þe helme so hye, He bowyd yn a fate the panne.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.61.4 : Ȝee slen..as to a boowid woughe [WB(2): a wal bowid; L parieti inclinato], and to a ston wal put doun.
- c1425 Liber de Hyda in RS 4594 : Begyn fyrst at Sexsesethe, fro thennys to the bow asche [L concavam fraxinum; OE holan æsc].
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.2803 : With þe stroke..His basenet was bowed and y-crasid.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Is.59.8 : The pathis of hem ben bowid [WB(1): inbowid ben; L incurvatae sunt] to hem.
- a1425 KAlex.(LinI 150)4668 : Þey hulden þeo tailes; Of þeose bouȝt was heore croune.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)54b/a : I forsoþ shape sich a bende..in kuttyng it on þe to partie fro a palme vn to a span And sewing & perfiling it strongli or hard on þe partie arcuate or bowed & kut laxely on þe partie of þe backe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)76b/b : Þat diafragma is reflecte i. bowed agayn in his contiguacioun wiþ þe spine & costez.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)147a/b : Ȝitte þe pacient wele ycuruate i. bowed [*Ch.(2): ycrokede]..þer shal be feld a hard stone.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)57b : Þe clarioun is croked and bowyd bakwarde to þe visage of hym þat blowiþ.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)2279 : For oft knelyng, his knees boun, A grete swarth was on þaim groune.
- a1475 As y gan wandre (Brog 2.1)54 : Now age is croppyn one me ful styll, He makyt me hore, blake, and bowe.
- a1500 SLeg.Mich.Sperm.Hom.(Adv 23.7.11)27 : Al rownde it lyþe in þe wombe, bowyd as a hare.
c
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)76b : Þe wilde bar ne mei nawt buhen [Nero: buwen] him to smiten.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)119/9,10 : 'Buh ðe,' he seið, 'a duneward ðet ich muwe ouer ðe.' Þeo buhð hire.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.9.*10 : He shal bowen hymself and fallen.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)9.33 : He sal boughe him [L inclinabit se], and falle sal he.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)547 : 'Now bow þe doune,' quod þe berne, & scho..syttand so in hire sege was softly delyuerd.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)335 : He boweth hym down and ȝeldeth vp þe lyfe.
5a.
(a) To change direction or position, turn; be turned or facing (toward sth.); of the eyes: be looking (in a certain direction); ~ aside, turn aside, turn away; (b) fig. to incline (toward sth.), have a tendency (to sth.); bouwing to drienesse (lenenesse), tending toward dryness (leanness); -- usually with to; (c) fig. to turn away; ~ from (fro, awei fro, doun fro), desert (sb.), give up (sth.), cease from (doing sth.), abandon, avoid, reject.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)16.12 : Þe kestand oway godnesse..han stablyst her eȝen to bowe into þerþe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))SSol.5.6 : The lach of my dore I openede to my lemman; and he hadde bowid aside [WB(2): bowid awei], and passede.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)115b/a : Whanne he [the moon] is vndir þe sonne, he haþ hornes bowynge toward þerþe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)259b/a : Whanne an vnresonable beste is perfitliche y made..þe face þerof boweþ toward þe erþe.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)Heb.10.23 : Holde we þe knowlechynge of oure hope, bowynge to no syde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1728 : Planetis..may nat..Vpon no syde bowe nor decline.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Kings 19.10 : Dauid bowide fro [vr. awey fro; WB(1): a side fro] the face of Saul.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Heb.10.23 : Holde we the confessioun of oure hope bowinge to no side.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)154 : Ine mete and ine drinke..þet bodi..ofte bouȝþ [Vices & V.(2): boweþ] more to to moche þanne to þe litle.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)157 : Þe dyeuel yziȝþ..his complexioun and to huet vice he ys mest bouȝinde.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)188b/a : A rose is temperatly colde, bowynge to dryenesse.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)90/7 : To þame sothely þat has þer desyre bowyd [L inclinatum] to lufe of þis warldly creaturis, hevy it is.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)101 : Þei schulde anoon falle into nouȝt, bi cause þei camen out of nouȝt, and þerfore as bi her owne kynde þei bowen euer þidirward.
- ?a1475 LDirige(2) (Dc 322)657 : Thys maketh me to bowe and bende Alwey to syn.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)115/31,37 : He þat hauys a mene fface..bowynge to Lennesse, ys sothfast..he þat hauys a lityll fface, bowynge toward ȝalownesse, ys wycked.
c
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1118 : Mæst hine dryfdon his agene mæn, þe him gelome fram bugon & swicon & to his feondan cyrdon.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.VA (Lamb 487)117 : Buh from uuele and do god.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)19/18 : Fasteð and wakieð and buȝeð fram euele and doð god.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)26.14 : Ne bowe nouȝt owaie [L ne declines] in ire fram þy seruaunt.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)118.51 : Þe proude deden iuel on ich a side; y for-soþe ne bowed nouȝt fram þy lawe.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)124.5 : Our Lord shal laden þe bowand fram gode in-to bindeing wyþ þe wircheand wickednes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.100.4 : The malice doere bowende doun [WB(2): bowynge awei] fro me, I knewȝ not.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.118.21 : Cursid ben thei that bowen doun [WB(2): awei] fro thi maundementis.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)1 Pet.3.11 : Bowe he fro yuel, and do good.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19379 : Þai..neuer for na bale ne buud [Phys-E: buid], For [Göt: Fra] cristen trout þat þai in truud.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)79 : Þei ben cursid þat bowen a wey fro þin hestis.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)57/29 : He solde noȝte bewgh fra þe way of ryghtwisnesse.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)24/29 : 'For suche men ben vtturly acursed, Lord,' seþ Dauyd, 'þat bowen avey fro þi commaundementes.'
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)6 : Þei owe to accept þe pope..and..þei owe to bowe fro him.
- c1425 Wycl.Antichr.(2) (Dub 245)p.cxxii : Þei shal..bowe a wey from trewþe.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)93/27 : He þanne þat bowys fro his awen right & þe comoun's, In part he tynys þe frendschipe of god.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)103/16 : Þat he be with-outen þe tecch of engrotury..& leccherye, bowynge fro playes and delyces.
5b.
(a) To turn (sth.), change the course or direction of; ~ bisties, turn (one's) course or steps; ~ pathes, direct (someone's) path or course; (b) ~ awei eien, to turn away (one's) eyes, refuse to look; ~ awei (doun) eres, turn away (one's) ears, refuse to listen; ~ doun thin ere, bend down your ear, condescend to listen; ~ the eres, turn the ears, give ear, listen; ~ thin ere(s), turn your ear (s), give ear (to sth.), listen; (c) fig. to bend (sb. to one's will), train or direct (sb.); turn (a fool away from insulting words); influence (sb. to do sth.); guide (the heart, will, understanding, etc., in a certain direction); incline (sb. to a certain color), give (sb.) a tendency (toward blackness, etc.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)43.20 : Þou bowedest þyn bysties fram þy waie.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.43.19 : Thou bowidist doun [WB(2): hast bowid awei] oure pathis fro thi weie.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2251 : Oure bolde kynge bowes þe blonke be þe bryghte brydyll.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)46/25 : Buh þine earen, healent godd, & bei to mine benen.
- a1250 HMaid.(Tit D.18)5/4 : Her me, dohter! Bihald, & buh þin eare.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)194 : Bouȝ [Vices & V.(2): bowe doun] þin eare..to þe poure.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)77.1 : Ha ȝe mi folk..boweþ ȝour eren to þe wordes of myn mouþe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Prov.28.9 : Who bowith doun [WB(2): awei] his eres, that he here not the lawe, his orisoun shal be maad cursful.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Dan.13.9 : Thei turnyden awey her witt, and bowiden awey [L declinaverunt] her eeȝen, that thei shulden not see heuen.
- c1390 Psalt.Mariae(2) (Vrn)342 : Bi-hold, þou douhter of þe kyng, And bouwe doun Ere þyne.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)74a/a : He louyth lyers..and bowiþ þe eres to here counsailes.
- a1500(?c1414) ?Brampton PPs.(1) (Sln 1853)p.39 : Bowe thin erys hyderward [L Fiant aures tue intendentes], And here my prayerys.
c
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)131/585 : Þu best bus þe sot of bismare-word.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ecclus.7.25 : Sonus ben to thee? tech hem, and bowe [L curva] hem fro the childhed of hem.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)112/15 : Lord putt þou warde to my mouþe..bowe þou not my herte in to þe wordis of malice.
- ?a1425 Wycl.CGosp.Luke (Cmb Kk.2.9:Hudson)27/282 : Elisee comaundide his child to grete no man in þe weie..lest bi talkyng..he were bowid fro þe office comaundid.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)161 : Þer is no such now seid synne so greet neiþer so greet peyne dewe þerto, but þat þou maist be prouokid, stirid and bowid into þerof þe forȝeuenes.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)7 : He or sche ouȝte bowe awey her heering, her reeding, and her vndirstonding fro al resonyng..into the contrarie.
- a1450 St.Kath.(3) (Richardson 44)47 : What ys to do but to bowe the kepers of þe prison by mede to oure counsayl.
- c1450 Royal SSecr.(Roy 18.A.7)10/30 : Flesshely desires bowith the hert of mane to delitis.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)674/14 : He, bowed with the praiers of his welbeloued Robert..graunted to youre rightfull askyngis.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)17/3 : Þilk first seid loue..inclineþ, bowiþ, moveþ, and stiriþ a man forto seche aftir..alle oþire moral vertuose dedis.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)6957 : Her hertte a littill bowed es.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)54/16 : Alexander, bowe þy wyl fro bestials delices.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)114/23 : Whenne nature bowys him to blaknes with ȝalownes; þanne ys þe attemprance good.
6.
(a) To come, go; ~ after, follow (sb.); ~ togeder(es, go together or in company, come together or join forces; ~ toyenes, go toward (sb.), go to meet; (b) ~ to, to go to (a place), come to, approach (sth.); ~ a, go to (a place); ~ into, go into, enter; ~ toward, go toward (sth.), travel toward (a place); (c) ~ forth, to go forth, go out, depart; ~ from, . ~ fro, go away from (sth.), depart from (sb.), leave (a place), flee from; ~ of, ~ oute of, go out of (a place), get out of (bed); ~ henne, go hence; (d) comen ~, to come walking [cp. comen ganging]; (e) to send or put (sth.); intend or attempt (evil, wickedness) to, unto, or ayenes (sb.); give (faith, blessing) to or til (sb.); ~ from (fro)..to (into), put or send (sth.) from (one place) into (another); ~ oute, send forth (sth.), utter (speech, a word), make known; (f) refl. to betake oneself, go, come.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)20551 : Arður him to-ȝaines bah [Otho: beoh].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)20713 : Childrich wes ifloȝen..& Arður bæh [Otho: wende] after mid sixti þusend cnihten.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26951 : He and Borel..buȝen [Otho: wende] heom togæderes.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)16572 : Octa..and Ebyssa..bouwed heom togadere and floȝen into Euerwich.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)232 : Heo ne schunte for no schame, But bouwed aftur for blame.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)677 : Þe bestes boud [Frf: bowet; Göt: cam] him all aboute.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1796 : Alle þe barounz..bowed hym after.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)550 : Þe best of þe burȝ boȝed togeder.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2077 : Þay boȝen bi bonkkez..þay clomben bi clyffez.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)SSol.5.17 : Whidur ȝede thi derlyng? whidur bowide thi derlyng?
b
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)99 : Þanne muge we bicumeliche to godes bord bugen, and his bode wurðliche bruken.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4969 : Brennes bæh a þet lond mid his leode-ferde.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)18275 : Þat folc..touward Scotlonde beh.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)19036 : Buð [Otho: Bou] in to bure & let mi bed makien.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)21298 : Buhȝeð [Otho: boueþ] to þam hulles.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)23141 : Scipen..fluȝen after þære sæ..& buhȝen in to Norwæȝen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)29408 : Seodðe ærest Bruttes bæhȝen to þissen londe Brutaine hit wes ihaten.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)9361 : Touward þe see he bieh.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Mac.5.68 : Judas bowide aweye in to Azotus.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)571 : Þenne he..bouwes touward þe batayle.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1373 : Þer bowed toward Babiloyn burnes so mony.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)434 : He..boȝez to his blonk.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Judg.19.11 : Bowe we [WB(1): bowe we down] to the citee of Jebus, and dwelle we therynne.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)69 : Byschopes & bachelers & banerettes nobill..bowes to his banere.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)817 : Þey bowyn to þe barres, bekered ȝerne, Fouȝt riȝt felly.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1181 : Þan takis þe bischop þe breue & buȝes to a chambre.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)395 : Sir Alixander..bewes towardes Babyloyne.
- c1400 Interpol.Rolle Cant.(1) (Bod 288)5 : Þis cumfort bowiþ into myn herte.
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)59 : Mony..highide þider sone..Burgeys boghit þerto.
- a1500 Degrev.(Cmb Ff.1.6)55 : He wold..here hys mas..And seþþe to bowe into þe bente.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4745 : Brennes heom from bæh [Otho: beoh], and mid his folke he fleh.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9990 : Þeos weolden..fleon & buȝen vt of londe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)19862 : Forð heo gunnen buȝen [Otho: bouwe].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)24832 : Bruttes buȝen [Otho: leop] from borden.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)9988 : Þeos wolden hinne bouwe and bi-halues wende.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)138.18 : Ȝe men suiled wyþ sinȝe, bowe [vr. goþ] fro me.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)6.56 : Bouweþ [vrr. bouȝ, bowe; B: boweth; vr. bouh; C: goþ] forþ bi a brok.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)854 : He rysez And bowez forth fro þe bench into þe brode ȝates.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)344 : Bid me boȝe fro þis benche, and stonde by yow þere.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1220 : I wolde boȝe of þis bed, and buok me better.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)775 : The burd bowet from þe bede.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1553 : Now bowis furth þe bischop at þe burȝe ȝatis.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2469 : Bot bowis first fra ȝour bargis & blythly þaim wayfe.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)22819 : Þa com þe king buȝen [Otho: bouwe] ut of his buren.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25864 : Þa bisæh þat wif abuten whar þe eotend come buȝen.
e
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)54.3 : Hij bowed [L declinaverunt] wickednisses to me, and hij were derend to me.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)74.8 : Grace ys in þe honde of our Lord ful of sharpenes medeled wyþ lyþenes, And he bewed [Dub: bowed; L inclinavit] fram þys to þys.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.20.12 : Thei bowede doun in to thee euelis [WB(2): thei bowiden yuels aȝens thee].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.44.1 : Myn herte bowide out [WB(2): hath teld out; L eructavit] a good woord.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.143.13 : The celeris of hem fulle; bowende out [WB(2): bringinge out; L eructantia] fro that into it [WB(2): fro this vessel in to that].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17533 : Þaim bird better for to bou [Trin-C: take] þair trouth til us.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17588 : His blissing to þaa men he buus [Trin-C: wol..ȝyue].
- a1425 WBible(1) (CC 145)Mat.13.35 : Bowen out [Dc 369(2): I shal bolke out, or telle oute, hid thingus fro makyng of the world].
- c1400 Interpol.Rolle Cant.(1) (Bod 288)7 : And if clensid, it kepiþ cleene, bowynge þereinne abundantly grace of parfiȝt knowynge of virtues.
f
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)131/593 : Buch þe from þi sete.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 5.13 : Jhesu bowide him [WB(2): bowide awei] fro the cumpany ordeyned, or sett, in the place.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)699 : He..boȝes him vp to a brenke.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2893 : He braides on þe blonke &..Bowis him to-ward þe burȝe.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)265 : An holy abbot was þer by, and he hym þeder boweth.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.24.14 : Bow doun [L inclina] þi waterpott þat I drynke.
Note: New form: Also..bou. (This form already in a quot., but was not included in form section.)
Note: New phrase: "~ doun, to move (sth.) to a lower position.
Note: Quot. belongs to sense 5a.(a).
Note: Context: Gen.24.13 (KJV): "I stand here by the well of water; and the daughters of the men of the Citie come out to draw water..the damsell to whom I shall say 'Let downe thy pitcher..that I may drinke'..the same be shee that thou hast appointed for thy seruant Isaac..Rebekah came out..with her pitcher vpon her shoulder..and shee went downe to the wel, and filled her pitcher and came vp..and let downe her pitcher upon her hand, and gaue him a drinke."
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.23.6 : Þou schalt not bow awey [WB(2): bowe; Corp-C: bowe fro treuth; L declinabis] in þe dome of þe pore.
Note: Additional quot. for bǒuen v.(1), sense 3.(b)--per JR
- a1500(a1450) St.Robt.Knares.(Eg 3143)554 : To man bowes all thinges for hys beste.
Note: New sense (not covered in entry).
Note: Gloss: "To happen."--per MJW
Note: Gloss: Fig. to incline towards a certain state, tend." (Closest in meaning to sense 5b.(c).)--per MLL
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(Hrl 2277)170 : He was byneþe his brech igurd faste ynouȝ Wiþ a strong corde..Þat vneþe he miȝte bye his rug oþer lokie to þe grounde.
Note: New form: Also..bie.
Note: Quot. belongs to sense 4b.(a).
Note: 'bye his rug'--variant in MS Ashm. 43: 'bowe adoun.' (The quot. with the variant form, however, belongs to sense 4a.(a).)
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(Hrl 2277)171
: Whan he byde him eni þing, his flesch was so ignawe Þat wonder hou he þolede hit to be so todrawe.
Note: New form: P. bideNote: New subsense for sense 4b.(a).Note: Gloss: "also, refl. to bend, stoop."
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Kings 22.26 : Þe gretnesse forsoþe of þe watir vessel was of þre owncis & þe lippe of it as þe lippe of a chalis: & as a lef of a lilie to ben aȝeen boowid [alt. from: aparailid] [WB(2): crokid aȝen; L folium repandi lilii], yt contenede two thousend mesuris of þre quartys.
Note: New combination and gloss: "ayen bowed, turned up, curved backwards."
Note: Quot. belongs to sense 4a.(a).
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.19.2 : I prey ȝou, sirez, bowiþ doun [WB(2): bowȝe; L declinate] into þe house of ȝour child.
Note: New phrase: ~ doun into, to enter (a house).
Note: Quot. belongs to sense 5b.(a).
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.32va (2.3) : Fro þe hynder partie of þe heuede come 2 synowes and gon to þe ouer chauel, & þan forth to þe neþer chauelle, & þere it is eftesones reflecte, i. bowede agayn, to þe ouer chauel.
Note: New phrase: bowed ayen.
Note: Gloss: "bowed ayen, turned back toward."
Note: Quot. belongs to sense 4.a(a).
Note: The list of variant spellings in the form section is incomplete and needs revision to accord with standards of later volumes of the MED.--all notes per MLL (unless otherwise indicated)