Middle English Dictionary Entry
yẹ̄lden v.
Entry Info
Forms | yẹ̄lden v. Also yeld(e, yild(e, yolde, ȝeld(e(n, ȝeldon, ȝild(e(n, ȝilte, ȝolde(n, geld(en, (chiefly N) yeil(d, yield, yheld(e, ȝeild(e, (chiefly N & early) ȝield(e(n, gield(e, (SW or SWM) ȝeolde, (chiefly early SW or SWM) ȝulde(n & (early) ȝeldæn, (infl.) ȝelden(n)e & (in name) -child & (?errors) yele, ȝel, eelde, (errors) þeil, þielde, ðelde; sg.2 yeldist, etc. & yeldus, yelst, ȝelst; sg.3 yeldeth, etc. & yelt, yalte, ȝelt, ȝeldth, (N) ȝheldes & (early) ȝilt, geld, gelt; pl.impv. yeldeth, etc. & ȝeldiȝt; p.sg. yeld(e, yelte, yold(e, yald(e, ȝeld(e, ȝelt(e, ȝilde, ȝold(e, ȝoulde, ȝuld(e, ȝald(e, ȝalt, geld, (N) yiald(e, yhald, ȝeild, gialde, eild, (SW or SWM) ȝeold, (early) ȝeald, ȝiald, geald & yelded, yoldede, ȝelded(e, ȝeilded, ȝildid(e, (N) yhelded; pl. yeld(e(n, yilden, yolde(n, yald(e, ȝeld(e(n, ȝelt, ȝilde, ȝold(e(n, ȝoldun, ȝoulde, ȝald(e, gulden, (17th cent.) youlden, (N) yiald, ȝeild, (chiefly SW) ȝulde(n & yelded, yielded, yoldede, ȝeldede, ȝeldiden; ppl. yold(e(n, yoldon, yeld(e(n, yeldon, yholden, ȝold(e(n, ȝoldun, ȝoulden, ȝulde, ȝeld(e(n, gulden, (N) yielden, ȝholden, (early) golden & yolded, ȝelded & (error) þiolden. |
Etymology | OE gildan, gieldan, geldan, gyldan; p. geald; pl. guldon; ppl. golden. Cp. AL geldāre. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. ayelden v., ayen-yelden v. (s.v. ayen- pref. 4.(b)), foryelden v., iyelden v. (Suppl.), toyelden v., yenyelden v.
1a.
(a) To relinquish (sb. or sth.) voluntarily, give up; also, surrender (an office, a token of office) willingly; also, forego (sth.), lay aside; ~ up;
(b) to entrust (oneself) to the care of God or Christ; entrust (sb., one’s body, oneself to the care of God, Christ, etc.), commit; throw (oneself on someone’s mercy); also, commit (oneself to sth.), i.e., accept (sth.) at face value [quot. c1440]; ~ creaunt (plighti, recreaunt);
(c) to submit (one’s body, one’s heart, oneself, one’s will, etc.) to another, another’s direction or rule, etc.; -- with prepositional phrase or appostional noun phrase; to relinquish control over (oneself, one’s soul, etc. to God, death, religion, etc.), submit; also, make (oneself) submissive as (a monk, prisoner, etc.); also, lay (one’s hands in another’s) as a gesture of submission; ppl. yolden, having submitted, submissive;
(d) to turn over (sb. or sth.); hand over (sb. or sth. to sb., a religious institution, etc.); ~ up; ~ oute, exchange (sb. for sb. else);
(e) refl. to betake oneself, repair;
(f) to release (one’s soul, spirit, life, etc.) at death; ~ up;
(g) to open (a gate).
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)74/134 : Þe Croce…To ȝelden hire up ase ȝe me hotez ich habbe as here i-brouȝt.
- a1325 SLeg.Becket (Corp-C 145)658/1453 : He…ȝeld up is bissopriche.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.843 : I wol gladly yelden hire my place.
- c1410(a1387) Legal Gloss.Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)97 : Þe contray of an hondred townes were i-woned to ȝilde vppe towneswepene in þe comynge of þe lord.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3767 : He is…ful of pride, To ȝeld hir vp he haþ nat but disdeyn.
- (1438) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.10 : That no persone…mak no maner brogate…for any suche shop…on lesse than the person that hathe ocupied it byfore tyme be dede or ells wol it yeld vp and leue it bi his fre wyl.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)67/17 : Þey were fayn to praye þe emperour þat þei myȝt ȝilde vp hir brestplatis and here helmes, and so wiþ nakyd brest and opoun heued…werrey aȝenst þe Gootis.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)822 : Go we to batayle ere we ȝelde the maystrye!
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1108 : Y schal to-day for-sake myn heritage And ȝyld vp þe croun a-mong my baronage!
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)6620 : Ser Amelok hath yeld vppe All in fere The Reme of ynd.
b
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)61 : Ihesu crist, mi louerd, to þe ic wile me yelde.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)390 : To crist his bodi he ȝald.
- c1390 Form Conf.(1) (Vrn)340 : I knowleche me gulti and ȝelde me to God Almihti…of alle þe sunnes þat ich haue…sunged.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28077 : Til our lauerd Crist and þe, Mi gastli fader, yeild i me Plighti for my syn o pride.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)12.193,214 : Þe thef…had grace of god…for he ȝelte hym creaunt to cryst on þe crosse & knewleched hym gulty…And why þat one thef…creaunt hym ȝelt…clerkes…ne couthe þe skil assoille.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.100 : Ȝowre champioun chiualer…Ȝelt hym recreaunt.
- a1425 HBk.GDei (Hnt HM 148)65/16 : In þi derworthy handes, my Lord…I yhelde þis night…my saule & my body and all my frendes.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)50/26 : Yelde the not to thingis the which ben in doute [Othea: Make nor thynke nott þi-selfe certeyn off a thynge], a-fore that thou haue had dewe informacion.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)4753 : To hem anone yolden [vrr. yeldyn, yeldon] he ys.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)28/12 : Þe puplicane…prayed, yildyng himself mekely to god.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)478 : I yelde me here to youre mercy.
- a1500 Almiȝti God maker (Cmb Kk.1.6)22 : I ȝilde me, lorde, now thus to the, And…merci I crye.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (LdMisc 108)83 : Ich ȝelde [Hrl: ȝulde] him op al mi bodi…to spene ech lime In is seruise.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5447 : Þe maystres of þe lond ȝolde [vr. ȝulde; B: ȝoulde; vrr. ȝeldede, ȝelden] hom to hom echon.
- c1330 SMChron.(Auch)1549 : Of his douhtren þre wimen To religioun ȝolden [vr. ȝulden] hem.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.455 : Alisaundre…made þe peple ȝelde hem to his mageste.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.1265 : In blake clothes thei hem clothe…And yolde hem to religion.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.912 : Suretee wol I han…Thy body for to yelden in this place.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Pilgr.(Phys-E)p.57 : This man…monc in cluny he him yald [Vrn: ȝold].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9484 : Sathanas…To wais seruis straitt he him eild [Ld: yeld].
- (1414) RParl.4.58b : The…Chanons…hav us empresoned…onely to ȝolden us to ben her bonde cherles.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3837 : Hir hert in hap was ȝolde or sche cam þere.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1211 : Ne hadde I…Ben yolde…I were now nought heere!
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)429 : She was clothed…As she were, for the loue of god, Yolden to Relygioun.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)661 : Leir…regnyd in pese…Hailly Bryttaine vnto hym yoldyn.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)91/252 : The dede þat I am ordeynede till, Therto I will me ȝelde.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2691 : To Coveytyse he hath hym ȝolde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3124 : He…ȝeld him vndire my ȝoke.
- c1460 Ipom.(3) (Lngl 257)338/49 : Then bad he the same duke…go to the ladie also and yelde hym presonere vnto hire.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)4/14,16 : Þou yildist þin hondis in to þi souereynis hondis…A verry obedient yildith to his souereynes hondis bothe his wille and his nylle.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)145/29 : Alle went bak and ȝold hem to þe kyng.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)169/30 : Yelde you subiectes to theim for the loue of God.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)193 : We wyll…yelde ws wnder Godys provycyon.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)86 : The soule…y owe to my god Mahoun to ȝelde.
- c1500 Melusine (Roy 18.B.2)335/9 : My intencion is thither to goo and to yeld my self there hermyte.
d
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)120/12 : Hwa se is siker of sucurs þet him schal cume sone & ȝelt…up his castel to his wiðeriwines, swiðe he is to edwiten.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2712 : Þou hise douhter sholdest yelde…Engelond.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)253 : Oþere men…shulleþ to him þat ffrut ȝeolde.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)19/16 : Ech þet zeneȝeþ dyadliche…deþ manhode to þe dyeule…and him yelt al þet he halt.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)42/26 : Þe þridde [sin of simony] huanne hi yeldeþ hare children into relig[i]on.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3661 : William…þe kinges sone of Spayne spakli to hire ȝalde to putte in hire prisoun and peyne him as hire liked.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7164 : Þe Iuus was þan þair vnder-lute, Sampson bunden þai yald for dute.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10602 : Þai yald [Göt: ȝald] hir [child Mary] to þe temple þan.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17416-17 : If yee þan rightwisli wil deme, Yeild vs ioseph þat yee suld yeme, And we sal iesu yeld wit dett.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)22265 : Þar sal he [Antichrist] bath yeild [Göt: ȝeild; Phys-E: gield] up of hand His corun and his king wand To iesu Crist.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2015 : We willeþ hym nyme…And ȝelden hym þee al to þi wille.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.212 : Delibered was by parlement For Antenor to yelden out Criseyde.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Pass.(Hrl 4196)245/37*-8* : Ȝeld vs ihesus now And we sall ȝelde ioseph to ȝow.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)109/589 : The childe þay vnto Clement ȝolde [vr. yolde], And twentty pownde he þam tolde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2147 : Þai vnȝarked him þe ȝatis & ȝald him þe keys.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)3.385 : He…schewede mercy to þeyme, yoldenge to hym theire noble cite.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)53/9 : A virgine…was yolden in to the temple of…Vesta.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1473 : Wende to balam…for to don hym vndyrstondynge that he…ȝelde me vp my knyȝtes þat ben in hys preson.
e
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)14225 : Þe quen…ȝald hure til þat nonnerye.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)110/18 : He…passed by Namptes and yelde hym to the havyn of the toure of Dorbendelle.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)527 : We shull vs yelden [F nous nous rendons] in to soche place ther we shull se no women.
f
- c1225 SWard (Roy 17.A.27)42/412 : Ich bidde…Þet ich mote…lif her drehen…Þet ich mote ihesu crist mi sawle ȝelden.
- c1300 SLeg.Patr.(LdMisc 108)382 : He was neiȝ ope þe pointe þene gost op to ȝelde.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3052 : With honour yolden is his breeth.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.81 : In Ynde beeþ men…þat eueleþ nouȝt, noþer ȝildeþ vp þe breeþ.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)41.307/64 : To Ihu heo ȝeld þe gost.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5480 : Þere he shulde go, he ȝalde þe gaste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21260 : His saul he yeld to heuen king.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)16781 : His blessed soule he ȝalde [Göt: ȝeild] for vs.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)4339 : The cryes loude Of hem that lay and ȝolden vp the goost was herd ful fer aboute.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)2272 : He yhelded þe gast to God and dyghed.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)21037 : A quile he spurned with his heles And sone opon he yialde þe gaste.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)666 : Kyng Leir…At Leircestre he yiald þe gast.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)652 : He was both God and man…That so ȝelded the gast.
- c1440(?a1400) ?Nassyngton Trin.& U.(Thrn)335 : Þow was dede, & ȝeldede þe gaste.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)10583 : She In-to þe handys of hyr creatour Yald up hyr spiryth.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)932 : Othis…ȝeldeþ Sathanas þe soule & hym-self quelled.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)196/33 : Þai…yeldid vp þer sawlis vnto allmighti God.
- c1460 Cursor (LdMisc 416)17038 : His holy soule to his fader with his voyce he yold.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)406 : They yald vp the breth.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)335 : He boweth hym down and ȝeldeth vp þe lyfe.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)186/22 : Marie…thonkyd God and ȝelde vp the spirit.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Add 9066)397 : Anone as he had yoldyn the sperite, the kyng sawe the deuyll bare away his soule to helle.
- a1500(?c1450) Florence (Cmb Ff.2.38)778 : Þe emperowre ȝyldyd þe goost.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8660 : He gird to þe ground & the gost yald.
g
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)820 : Þay ȝolden hym þe brode ȝate, ȝarked vp wyde.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)347 : Y bidde hem be boun…Vp her ȝates to ȝelde.
1b.
(a) To surrender to a foe; ~ up;
(b) to surrender (sb., sth., oneself); hand over (sb., sth., oneself to a foe), surrender [a few exx. in the passive could also be construed as (c)]; ~ up;
(c) ben yolden, to have surrendered; also in mixed construction [1st quot.]; also, surrender [quots. a1470 (1st) & a1500 Chartier]; ppl. yolden, having surrendered; also, submissive; yolden man, a prisoner of war.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3451 : Seuen kniȝtes…to hem-ward gun priken…and bad hem ȝeld.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)978 : Ȝilte co [read: to] me or þou art ded.
- c1400 Wit & W.(Cmb Res.b.162)b/25 : [I]…wil weppenles þe warlagh mete, And eelde [?read: yelde] I noght þis dai.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1918 : But þei ȝeld up to me, Wyth byttyr balys þei schul blede.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)402 : No setlyng wolde rise…bot þe toun ȝelde.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)88/13 : Vaspasian toke the cite and alle thei withyn yilden to his wille.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)438 : Ȝeldeth to me as traytours recreaunt.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)461 : Sir knyght, thow art take; yelde thow to me.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306)56 : The towne and castell of Shirebrough yelden to the Duke of Glowcester.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)137/18 : He…ne hereð ow…þreatið þet ȝe wulleð ȝelden up þe castel bute he sende ow sonre help.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8135 : Þe cristinemen dolue vaste & þen wal velde adoun So þat þe sarazins ȝolde hom þen toun.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)253/23 : He him yelt to him ouercome.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1256 : He ȝald up his swerd to save þanne his live.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.269 : Þe men of þe citee…ȝelde [vrr. ȝulde, yelded; Higd.(2): yoldede] hem self and þe citee.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.267 : Þey…ȝilde hem to þe kyng.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.109 : Þe kyng ȝalde [vrr. ȝylde, ȝeelde] hym to kyng Richard.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)18043 : Lazarum…al ded him quick i yald, þis word wit-stand had i na wald.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1930 : Yelde thee, for thou may not escape!
- a1425 KAlex.(LinI 150)3761 : He him ȝeilded.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20717 : Qwen alle hirland was yielden to him, He sette his nauie forth þat tim.
- 1448(1435) *Mandeville Brut (Arms 58:Kooper)f.327r : Þey bygonnen hure queryll .. þat þe quene Isabell shold yeld out of hure hond into þe kynges hondys þe honourys londys and rentes.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)11552 : He wyst not what was best to do: to byd or his body to ȝeld.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)339/18 : Ser Iohn…made hym to yolde hym withynne þe listis.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)216/15 : The sawdon of Surre yeldid hym up unto sir Launcelot.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)83 : The yelde the towne to the kynge whythe the castelle.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306)23 : Calys…was yelden up for evir, bothe towne and castell.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)13/26 : Thay yoldyn ham al to Macmurgh.
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)81/335 : Waspasion swar he wold not go thens tyl hit [town] wer ȝelde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1275 : He…Ȝald hym not ȝet for ȝynernes of hert.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)304 : Hur ȝates ȝeede þei too and youlden hem soone.
c
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)862 : Hit where sschame…To sslen a man þat ȝolden him is.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2125 : He…hield him faste…Til he was overcome and yolde.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.2879 : This marcial prince ridyng thoruh Lumbardie, Ech contre yolde & brouht to obeissaunce.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)414 : Prysoner, takyn be stronge hande, nott yolde [Win: ȝoldyn] wylfully.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)539 : Ȝolde [Win: Ȝold] manne yn werre: Daticius.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1870 : The kynge of Surry…to sir Cador es ȝelden.
- (1449) Paston (Gairdner)2.104 : They were yolded, all the hundret schyppys, to go with me.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3504 : All ware rebell…now is þe rewme ȝold.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)274/2 : And ye be yolden, hit shall be unto sir Kay.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)594/31 : To hym am I yoldyn to as to recreaunte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1139/7 : I woll never aryse untyll…ye take me as yolden and recreaunte.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)2797 : No man schold come hem nye Tylle the tone dede or yolden were.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)15/30 : And he woll attende to The and nat to be ouircome nor yolden…his merite shal be moche the more alowable.
- c1616(1441) Coucher Bk.Plumptonp.lxi : William Humberstone…after that he was yolden, they smote and wounded.
2a.
(a) To pay (tax, tribute, tithes, etc.) under an imposed obligation; also fig.; also iron.;
(b) to pay (money, rent, etc.) under contractual obligation or in exchange for some consideration;
(c) to pay (an amount promised or required by moral obligation); carry out (actions promised); ~ up.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3675 : Þu ahtest me to ȝulden gauel of þine londe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6728 : Al ic him mot ȝelden þat ich nime of his londe.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1628 : Her ic sal…tigðes wel gelden her-up-on.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5219 : Today ich ȝeld ȝour rentes Wiþ hard woundes and deþ-dentes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Esd.2.19 : Þei shul not suffren to ȝeelden tributis.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.886 : Putours…constreyne wommen to yelden to hem a certeyn rente of hire bodily puterie.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.1821 : I…fisshe cristen mennes soules To yelden Iesu crist his propre rente.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)22236 : All folk to rome suld…truage als til hefd yeild [Phys-E: gielde].
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)25/24 : Kyng Gutlagh proferede to bicome his man, and to holde his lande of him, ȝeldyng by ȝere Ml. li. of siluer.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3033 : He…made þam surete in þat place, Forto ȝeld þam ilka ȝere…Threty maidens to trowage.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)21/30 : Þou myghte…ocupie…þe rewme of Macedoyne, ȝeldynge þarefore till vs ȝerely a certane tribute.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)969 : The devel schold han had his partye and to God ȝelden that was his ryht.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)48/24-5 : I owghe the Emperour no trewage, nother none woll I yelde hym, but on a fayre fylde I shall yelde hym my trwage…with a sherpe spere.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)640 : Iulius cesar…toke bateile in Breteigne, and trwys was hym yolden.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)128/16 : Sacrifice shulde be made to God, and tithes to be yolden to Him of þe furst and beste thingis.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14498 : Ȝif þu hit wult us a-ȝiuen, we þe wulleð ȝelden sixti hundred punden to alches ȝeres firsten.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)100 : Ssropssire ȝeldþ haluendel to þulke bissopriche.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)307 : For hauke, siluer he ȝold.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.7 : It is a fraude for to ȝelde nouȝt what is detty whanne it may be ȝolde.
- a1400(c1250) Floris (Eg 2862)161 : Ther haue þey for þat maide ȝolde xx mark of reed golde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)610 : He gaf it him als in heritage to yeild þerfor na mar knaulage Bot for to hald…vnbroken, þe forbot.
- (1457-8) *Plea & Mem.R.Lond.GildhA 81.8 : Yeelding þerfor yeerly…to þe said Willm…iiij li.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.53/5 : I…grauntid…to god and to þe church…þe mede of Bolestake…yeldyng þerof yerly to me and my heyres j d. at Estur.
- (1475) RParl.6.123b : Yeldyng and paying also yerely to the said Bishop…Foure shelynges and sex penys, att the said four festes.
c
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19240 : Ananias…þou yald bot þe half vp for þe hale.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)665 : I schal ȝeply aȝayn and ȝelde þat I hyȝt.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)6/28 : Þe mare he hauis in pouste, þe mare hauis he at yelde.
- c1440(?c1350) Mirror St.Edm.(4) (Thrn)26/27 : Here sall þou þynke…if þou hafe ȝoldyn Hym þat that þou hyghte Hym in þi cristyndom, That was to forsake þe deuelle.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)189/8 : Ananyas…ȝildide nat þe money þat he bihiȝt.
2b.
(a) To fulfill an obligation; perform a vow; ppl. yeldinge, obliged, indebted;
(b) to pay (a debt, money owed); fulfill (an obligation); also fig.; also, render (to someone his or her due); fig. fulfill (the requirements of nature), i.e., die; also, perform (one’s conjugal obligation);
(c) to fulfill (a promise), perform (a vow);
(d) to comply with (a custom, the demands of justice).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3066 : Ich am king…and…heo aȝen me to ȝelden alse heo duden Belin kinge.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)612 : Þat playdingue þat of dette were for-to ȝelde þoruȝ treuþe i-pliȝt…scholde beon i-brouȝt bi-fore þe kinge.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1884 : Als he god bi-het, ðor he geld wel.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)163/18 : Hit is him ynoȝ yef we habbeþ guod wyl to yelde.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)169/10 : Asemoche ase he is worþ betere þanne ich, zuo moche ich am yeldinde be riȝte riȝtuolnesse.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)42/6 : Make ȝe avow, & ȝilde ȝe.
- (1460) Doc.in Gilbert Cal.Dublin 1307 : They be sworne…to yeve and yele [?read: yelde] with them in prejudice of the libertees of thys…citte.
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)30/19,28,30 : Ane kynge…spæc…wið ænne mon þe him ahte to ȝeldene ten þusend pundæ…þe ðeȝen…imette sumne oðerne mon…þe ahte him to ȝeldenne hundtentiȝ peneȝæ…‘Aȝeld nu…þæt þæt ðu me ȝeldæn scealt.’
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)89/14 : Gield ælche ðat he auh te habben.
- c1300 Iesu cristes milde moder (Arun 248)31 : Nu is time þat þu þielde [read: ȝielde] kende þat þu im withelde.
- c1300 Iesu cristes milde moder (Arun 248)40 : Nu þe’s þiolden [read: ȝiolden]…þe pine werof þu were ine ti chiltuing quite and fre.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)781 : Ich þe lende þo fif hondred pound and þov ne ȝolde [Corp-C: ȝoulde] me nouȝt on.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)2/25 : Ȝef he schel libbe to elde…he schel…his deþes dette ȝelde.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.941 : She hath merite of chastitee that yeldeth to hire housbonde the dette of hir body.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.130 : Man shal yelde to his wyf hir dette.
- c1400(?c1280) SLeg.OTHist.(LdMisc 622)230 : Þis womman had þer þorouȝ ynouȝ of al good fforto ȝelde her dettes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3311 : She fil in-to seknesse, And hir dette ȝalde vn-to nature.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.1.12 : I haste me to yelden and assoilen [L absolvere; F rendre] to the the dette of my byheste.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)133/8 : Siche bigynneris…feyntly ȝeelden to me my dewte.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)140 : Ȝelde ȝe therfore to the Emperour that that is his, and ȝelde ȝe to God what is Goddis.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)55/6 : If þou for colde ȝerne cloþing…& oþer þingis þat beþ nedeful to þi body…þow folewest noȝt his ȝernyngis, but ȝeldist hym his dette þat kynde byndiþ þee to.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)246/26 : On ȝeldeþ to þat oþer his dette whan it is asked.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)110/8 : Þe office of riȝtwisnes…is…þat a man bi it ȝilde to euery oþire persoone what euer þing is longing of him to þilk oþire persoone.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Guy (LdMisc 683)566 : His mooder of good age Hath yolde hir dette by deth vn-to nature.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)194 : I haue not werof to yelde my dett.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.129 : Þey doon it…to ȝeldyn þe dette of here body.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)57/21 : It ys to ȝelde to ilk man þat his ys.
c
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)31/10 : He cumþ eftsones…to ȝielden alle ðo behotes ðe he us behiet.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)49.15 : Ȝeld to þe alderheȝest þyn uowes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.19.21 : Thei shul vouwe vouwes to the Lord and ȝeelde.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.5.33 : To the Lord thou shalt ȝeeld thin oethis.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)64.1 : To þe…Be yolden [vr. yholden] hote in Ierusalem.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)64.1 : Oure vow is that body and saule be in his seruys…thare we sall ȝeld it perfitely.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.103 : Makyȝt ȝoure vowis and ȝeldyȝt ȝoure vowis to ȝoure lord God.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)1.22.19b : Yeld thi promyse.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)110/24 : Hete hem gyftes and worschippes, & ȝelde þy hetynges.
d
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)169/12 : Þise riȝtuolnesse ich may wylny ac ich…ne moȝe hier hit yelde ne uolliche…paye.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1000/19 : Ye shall nat ascape me tofore ye have yolden the custum of thys castell.
3a.
(a) To make repayment; ppl. yeldinge as adj.: generous in reward or recompense;
(b) to make requital, take vengeance, or give rewards; ~ ayen.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 41.2 : Who befor ȝaf to me þat I ȝelde to hym?
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.35.13 (1st occurrence) : Ȝeldinge [L retribuens] is þe lord & seuen siþe as myche he shal ȝelden to þee.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)7.80 : He þat ȝiueth, ȝeldeth.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)1114 : For þei hadde not qwerof to ȝelde, he forȝaf hem ecchone.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)96/20 : Min is þe wrake; ich chulle ȝelden.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)13/24 : He ssel come…and yelde to echen be þet he heþ of-guo ine þise wordle.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 26.23 : Þe lord forsoþe schal ȝeelden [L retribuet] to eche man aftir his riȝtwisnesse.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.6.6 : Thi fadir that seeth in hidlis shal ȝeelde to thee.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)73/16 : I am riȝtful, ȝeeldynge to ech man aftir hise werkis riȝtfully.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)324/18 : The uengeaunce longeth to Me, and I can yeelde to him agayn.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)17.23 : Eftere the purte of my hend he sall ȝeld til me.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)40.11 : Crist…ȝeldis til his enmys in erth that thai ere blyndid in saule.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4147 : In suche wise ȝildeþ a wicked womman, For alle hise gode dedes, to a man.
3b.
(a) To bestow (a reward); give, provide, or bestow (sth.) as a reward or compensation; mete out (pain) as punishment; also, give (sth.) in lieu of something lost or given up;
(b) to award (sb. to sb.), hand over by judicial decision;
(c) to make (amends).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7378 : Te birrþ…ȝernenn Þatt Godd Allmahhtiȝ…ȝelde þe þi læn Inn heffne.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)65/695 : Ȝeldeð hire ȝarow borh efter þet ha wurðe.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)206/25 : I þe euentid…me ȝelt wercmen hare deies hure.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10514 : Nu he me ȝilt [Otho: ȝelt] mede for mire god dede.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)61 : Vor alle þe gode þat he heom dude, hi yolde him luþre mede.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)194/4088 : Her comeþ Saber vpon þe stede: Iesu Crist him ȝilde is mede!
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)27.6 : Ȝelde her rewarde to hem.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)247 : Ȝelde y wil þy mede.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.10.15 : Ȝeeld þou to vs what euere thyng pleseþ to þee.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4424 : For þi leute and þi truthhede Ful iuel es yolden [Trin-C: ȝoulden] þe þi mede!
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)16a/b : Compenso: to ȝel, rewarde [Cnt: to yeld or to reward].
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.175 : Þis prisonere…shal be ȝolde al þis peyne.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.5.64 : Thow…compleyndest that guerdouns ne ben nat eveneliche yolden to the dessertes of folk.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)309/11 : I ȝeelde to hym þe corown of riȝtwiisnesse.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)537 : Ȝeldon or rewardyn: Retribuo, rependo.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)184 : Þe…fruyt of his good werk…schulde be ȝulde to hym sylf.
- a1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)1547 : Þere hym may soo ben ȝelde Þe pyne þat he to shulde.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)527 : A feire rewarde yelde ye for the feire servise…that she hath yow don.
- a1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)291/354 : Ȝeld vs, syre kyng, now oure lowere!
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Ph.(Manly-Rickert)C.189 : To yow my lord the iuge I preye Yeld me my thral.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8743 : Me think…þe child be nawight don to ded, Bot he be yoldon to yond wijf.
c
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)975 : By wndyrstondynge haue very contrycyon Wyth mynde of your synne confessyon make, Wyt wyll yeldynge du satysfaccyon.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2361 : Him bihoued amendis to ȝelde.
3c.
(a) To requite (an action); reward (a good deed), punish (wrongdoing); also, compensate (someone’s effort, time, etc.); ~ ayen;
(b) to offset (a loss, an injury, etc.), make good; reimburse (an expense); atone for (a wrong); also, make up a shortage in (a payment); pay for (sth. received);
(c) to reply to (a greeting), return; ~ ayen.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6239 : Loc…Þatt heore daȝȝwhammlike swinnc Beo daȝȝwhammlike hemm goldenn.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)30/210 : Ich…wule…wið kinewurðe ȝeoues ȝelden ow hehliche ower ȝong hider.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)96/23 : He is ower feadres ȝerde &…he wule ȝelden him ȝerde seruise.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)200 : We…yeld [vr. ȝelt] here seruise ofte mid muchele wowe.
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)220/211 : Clepe þo werkmen and yeld hem here trauail.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)316 : He…gelt hem here billing raðe wið illing.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)338 : Deuel geld swilk billing wið same & wið sending.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)927 : Ðin swinc ðe sal ben gulden wel.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1062 : He him gulden it euerilc del.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1713 : Iacob…Leue askede hem hom to faren…But if laban him ðelde [read: gelde] bet Hise seruise.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)729 : Þou ȝelst nou my loue wroþe.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)602 : Crist mot þe it ȝelde!
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2441 : Þe wyȝe hit yow ȝelde Þat vp-haldez þe heuen.
- a1425(c1340) Rolle Psalter (LdMisc 286)137.9 : God ȝeldis for vs both gode and ill.
- a1425 NPass.(Cmb Gg.5.31)17/142 : Scho has done a full gude dede; It sall be ȝholden hir at hir nede.
- a1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)1724 : We may…ȝelde hym all his false lawes.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)146/17 : Ther be noo curtesie doon to a good hert bot that it is yolden agane.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)214/2021 : Shall be yolde þe þat whyle.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)767 : Rowland thouȝth that strok to ȝelde.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)2018 : Knyȝt gentyle, God yelde þe dy whyle.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10986 : Neuere ȝit dide man good dede But it were ȝolde at his nede.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)182/186 : Father of heavon I praye to yeeld you your good deede todaye.
b
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)79 : Ȝif þu mare spenest of þine…al ic þe ȝelde.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)117/33 : All he ȝeald ðane harm ðe was ȝecumen ðurh Adam.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)213/3 : Þenne mot ha…ȝelden…þe hearmes.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)25/10,24 : He hit schulde ȝelden þet þene put un-wreih…vor heo schulen ȝelden þet best þet is þerinne ivallen.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)31/1 : Hi ne moȝe amendi ne yelde þe harmes þet hi habbeþ ydo.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 12.6 : Þe scheep he schal ȝeelden in to foure fold.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)22/34 : Sche…schal…ȝelde þe beestes lure.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7941 : The dethe of þat doughty shalbe dere yolden With the blode of þi body.
c
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)24/228 : Ha ȝeldeð him his gretunge.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)234 : Þemperour hendely his gretyng him ȝeldes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8166 : Þair hailsing þai til him tald Ful hendeli to þam he yald.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)37.111 : He hire grette many folde and sche ȝald hym his gretyng Agayn.
3d.
(a) To reward (sb.); repay (sb.), compensate; ~ ayen;
(b) to take vengeance on (sb.), punish;
(c) to reply to (sb.); also, thank (sb., God).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.173 : He shall cumenn efft…forr to ȝeldenn iwhillc mann Affterr hiss aȝhenn dede.
- a1225(OE) Vsp.A.Hom.Init.Creat.(Vsp A.22)231 : Witodlice he cumð an ende þisser wrld and alle þaðe sawle efre underfengon ariseð of daðe him to-ȝeanes and elc ȝeelt efter his ȝearnung.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)21/28 : Lieue friend…ȝielde þe godd!
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)207/22 : Her nabbe ich þe nawt muches to ȝelden.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)36/657 : Nou ich haue þe yolde Þat þu me knicten wolde.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)2141 : For he saued mi liif biforn, Ichaue him ȝolden wiþ wo.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)321 : Y ne kan hem ȝelde!
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7748 : He…Sal ilk man yeild after he dos.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23918 : Leuedi…Qua seruis þe wele yeildes [Phys-E: yeldis; Göt: ȝeildes] þou.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.119 : We preye…Þat god…ȝelde ȝow of ȝour almesse þat ȝe ȝiuen vs here.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)7.83 : Her borghe is god almyȝti To ȝelden hem þat ȝiueth hem and ȝet vsure more.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.1055 : God yelde the, frend.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)2511 : God sal hym yhelde þat dose wele here.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)277/22 : Now þou seest…how þei ȝeelde me aȝein for þe good deede þat I haue do to hem.
- a1450 SLeg.MPChr.(StJ-C B.6)422 : Þi fader in heuene þe may ȝelde.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)46/12 : This knyght…ought to…make him…yolde euery man that dothe him worchipp like as it longith to his estate.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)2576 : God yeld you, lordys ffree, Thes children that ye haue ffed.
- a1500 Amis (Dc 326)2120 : Thou yeldyst him all with care.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)14/318 : Al þat haþ me fader islawe…Ich schel hem ȝilden!
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)114/23 : Authenor…Which purchaced…treson…But yif he were yolden, it were routhe.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)967 : It gladis me…to ga þus to deth, To se my slaare in my siȝt be sa sone ȝolden [Dub: ȝholden].
- c1400 Interpol.Rolle Cant.(1) (Bod 288)43 : Myn is þe veniaunce, and I schal ȝelde hem in tyme…Þat is…I schal ȝelde hem aftir her yvel wille in tyme of doom.
c
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)13686 : Kyng Ban þere anon…Salwede kyng leodegan, anon thussone he ȝald him than and seide that alle welcomen they were.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)58/53 : Nowe awe I gretely god to yeelde, That so walde telle me his entente.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)469/127 : Þat lorde vs awe ȝappely to ȝelde.
3e.
(a) To reciprocate with (an action, a kind of action); return (good for evil, evil for good, etc.); also, wreak (retribution); ~ ayen; ppl. yeldinge as noun: one reciprocating with (evil) [quot. a1500(c1340), 1st];
(b) to reply with (words, a riposte, etc.); respond with (speech in answer to another’s).
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)15 : Ne scalt þu ȝelden vuel onȝein uuel nuða.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)96/7 : Ne ȝelde ȝe neauer uuel for uuel.
- a1275 *Body & S.(4) (Trin-C B.14.39)62 : Wi nauedis þe biþout…wat tu suldes im yelden?
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)85/1798 : Þries misdede þis womman bald, And þre vengaunces he hire ȝald.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)18/9 : He is wel vileyn…and yelt him kuead uor guod.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Thes.5.15 : Se ȝe that no man ȝelde yuel for yuel.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)81/20 : I schal ȝelde wreche to myne enemies.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)1 Kings 25.21 : He hath ȝoldun to me yuel for good.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.4.54 : Schrewes…yelden ayen to dignytees as greet gerdoun.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)99/94 : Yheldand hym noght a gude dede for another.
- a1450(a1400) Titus & V.(Add 36523)857 : Þan ȝelde þei to Jesu for his godenesse…unkindenesse.
- c1490 Comp.Our Lady (Hnt HM 144)188/21 : So moche goodnes…as thou hast done to them…now they yeldyth to the grete vylany.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)7.4 : If i ȝeldid ill til ȝeldand til me ill for goed, that is signe of gret suffrynge.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)93.2 : Ȝelde ȝeldynge til proude.
- a1500 Ihesu mercy mercy (Chet 6690)145-6 : Þou byddis yche man ȝelde good for ille, Nouȝt ylle for ylle to ȝelde ageyne.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)8/45 : Ha ȝeald ham swucche ȝeincleappes.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)35/1 : Ha…ȝelt him word aȝein word.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)186/11 : Tu ȝeld me ondswere.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5914 : He…ȝalt hem þank and gramerci.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)55/12 : Me ssel herye god and yelde hym þonkes of his yefþes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Esd.2.20 : I ȝeldide to hem a word.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2482 : Seynt Poul…seith Ne yeldeth noght…wikked speche for wikked speche.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2994 : They…answereden…benygnely, yeldynge graces and thankynges to hire lord Melibe.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)6398 : Þa iuus…ȝeild [Trin-C: ȝalde] him ay ful littel thanc.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)99/5 : Þe gospel…biddiþ þat we…ȝelde to God preisynge and þankinge for þe greet goodnesse þat he haþ do to us.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)44/18 : At þe ȝate…sal man do a sister þat can wisdome, And can recaiue & ȝelde answer.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20046 : Thankes and graces þai yiald ful ofte.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)22/15 : Ponthus…rode streght to the hygh chirche, yeldyng thonkynges vnto Gode ful devoutly.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)90/31 : He wolde goo to yelde graces to Fabius of that that he had saued him and his hoste.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)751 : Alexander…Wysez hym how he say wald or he aunswer ȝheldes.
4.
(a) To make restitution;
(b) to give back (sb. or sth.), restore; cause (sb.) to be restored; also in allegorical name [quot. c1400(?a1387)]; ~ ayen (up);
(c) to restore (a condition, health, etc.); ~ ayen;
(d) to convey (a bodily fluid to an organ); ~ ayen.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)38/7 : Yef þe vinst and naȝt ne yelst, þou hit stelst.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.296 : Þe good þat þow hast geten bigan…with falsehede, And as longe as þow lyuest þer-with, þow ȝeldest nouȝte, but borwest.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)26/22 : It be-houeþ ȝelde or honge: ‘Rendre ou pendre,’ dit ly fraunceys.
b
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)31 : Þah ic hefde al þet ic efre biȝet, ne mahtic ȝelden swa muchel swa ic habbe idon to herme.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)45 : Qve non rapui exsoluebam: Ich geald þat ich noht ne nam.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)169 : Vre drihten ȝiald twifoldliche iob þat þe deuel him hadde binumen.
- a1275 Vid word (Trin-C B.14.39)12 : Þeil [read: Yeil] agein þat þu hauis mis-nomen.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1408 : Iudas…þat mysbyȝute seluer ȝeold aȝen.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)38/7 : Þo…wyteþ wel huas þet hi byeþ and nolleþ hise naȝt yelde.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 9.42 : Jhesu…heelide the child, and ȝeld him to his fadir.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.71 : He ȝalde [vr. ȝuld; Higd.(2): yoldede] up þe plegges of Spayne to here frendes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6799 : If þat þou…O pur man tas wedd o clath, Yeil a-gain þat clath.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)68.6 : Þat i noght robbed þan yhald i.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7626 : He haþ ȝolden me my wyf.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.310 : He highte ‘ȝyuan-ȝeld-aȝeyn-if-ich-so moche-haue-Al-þat-ich-wickeddelich-wan.’
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3864 : Þe pape has…powere To assoyle a man…Swa þat he…yheld agayn…Alle þat he tas wrangwysly.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)26/12 : Þe vassels þat tay serue wid, sal þai…yelde [L reconsignet] þame til þe celeresse clene and hale.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.12.31 : He…bysoughte…the lordes of soules…to yelden hym his wyf.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)55/2 : Yelde Helaine ayen if asked she be.
- c1450(1438) GLeg.St.Nich.(GiL2)(Eg 876)62/6 : Thei…yalde hym al his good.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)150 : Whan he sigh that he hadde don euele, he yelte ayen the pens.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)111/15 : Knyght, abyde and yelde my brachette that thou toke frome my lady!
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1034 : What was it þat Adam from God refte, And how shal he ȝelde it him eft?
c
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)154/28 : Schrift…ȝelt us alle ure luren.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)56/26 : At cherche kan god…do his miracles, þe blynde to liȝte…yelde þe wyttes of þe wode.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.16.28 : Lord…ȝeeld to me now þe fornhad strengthe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5648 : Mai neveremor be yolde ayein…virginite.
- a1400 Wyl be þow ster (Mert 248)22 : Þat sorwful eue bare away þow yeldus vs þor[w] þi haly brith.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)46.288 : Thy sihte Aȝen schal ȝolden be.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)102/15 : He yalde ayen the sight vnto this good man.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)67/11 : The Holi Gost of God was presentid ageyn the euel spirit of the deuel for to yild to his peple theuerlasting briȝtnesse of paradise.
d
- ?a1425 Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)57/35 : Þe guttes ben vesselle made off two tunikels made forto parfourme þe firste digestioun and forto ȝelde aȝeine þe chilus to þe liuer bi…mene off veines.
5.
(a) To grant a request, consent [quots. a1382 (1st) & 1591]; grant or bestow (sth., a benefit, etc.);
(b) to give away, be generous in giving [1st 2 quots.]; give (sth.), contribute, dispense;
(c) to offer (sth.), present as an honorific or a penitential offering; also, make an offering of (experiences); ~ up.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)191/3 : Post lacrimationem…exultationem infundit, þet is…þu lauerd…efter wopi weattres ȝeldest bliðe murhðes.
- (a1333) Herebert What ys he (Add 46919)21 : Ich wole…heryen hym in alle þyng þat he ȝeldeth me.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)81/18,20 : Þe uayrhede of þe zaule…yelt and yefþ to þe zaule grace and uirtue and loue of god uor hy…him yelt his ryȝte pryente, þet is þe ymage of his sseppere.
- a1375 Al oþer loue (Eton 36)19 : Help geld þat mi loue be ste[d]fast.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.19.5 : Ȝelde he to þee after þyn herte!
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.63.7 : I shal recorden þe preising of þe lord vp on alle thingis þat ȝeelde [alt. to: haþ ȝeld] to vs þe lord.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.61 : To William he ȝeld him wele his bone.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)4/49 : Preier…dryueþ þi loued Iesu for to ȝeelde and for to eche to þee grace and deuocioun.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)73/2 : Hough many tymes…is brought to mynde the glorye…yevin to God for benefyttes of grace…yolden by effect.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)155/681 : I yelde, for in youth we have bine fellowes, iwys.
b
- 1372 Prov.MS Adv.18.7.21 in Whiting Prov.(Adv 18.7.21)p.680 : Nevere to yelden and evere to craven Maket man fewe frendis to haven.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Prov.21.26 : Who forsothe is riȝtwis shal ȝelde and not cese.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)4 Kings 12.7 : Wile ȝee þanne not no more taken þe monee aftir ȝoure ordre, but to þe restorynge of þe temple ȝeeldeþ it.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)67 : Riche forth runnen to reche honde-selle, ȝeȝed ȝeres ȝiftes on hiȝ, ȝelde hem bi hond.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)21/16 : Fang ȝe no more money…but ȝeldiþ hit to restoring of þe temple.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)26/13 : Sho sal loke what sho yeldis & what sho recaiuis.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)94/25 : Thanne schal þe soule…ȝelde her abundaunce of newe cloþing in þe day of doom to þe cloþing of her owne flesche.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)41/6-7 : It is forto ȝolde, ȝeue, or paie to god what we ben not bounde forto ȝolde, ȝeue, or do to him, as ben dedis of pure counseile and of plenteuosenes.
c
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)4090 : Þe heued he him ȝalt [vr. presented].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 6.17 : Þese…ben þe goldene arsis þe whiche philistynes for þe trespas ȝooldyn [vr. ȝolden; WB(2): ȝeldiden] to þe lord.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10220 : Ilkan…to þe temple broght Sirekin gift…All þair vois þai yeld [Göt: þair giftes þai ȝeld vp; Ld: Offyrd vp her yeftes] ai þare.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)70/23 : Sylo…þere made the peple of Ebron sacrifice to oure lord & þei ȝolden vp here avowes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4531 : Minuera was a maistres of many kingis werkis, A ratland niȝt ravyn is him to rent ȝolden.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)77/11 : By paciens þou yildist to oure lord such þingis as oure lord suffre[d] for þe, anguissis and deseses.
6.
(a) To be productive, fruitful, or profitable;
(b) to yield (sth.) as a result of a natural process: bear (fruit); produce (a crop, children, olive oil, etc.); also fig.; ~ ayen, produce an amount of (seed) equal to that used;
(c) to sell for (a certain amount);
(d) to emit (sth.), put forth, exude; ~ oute.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5696 : Þe erþe ȝeld betere, & þet weder was murgore bi is daye.
- a1350 Prov.Hend.(Hrl 2253)232 : Lyþt chep luþere ȝeldes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4720 : Þof men ouer all has saun feilds, O corn es þar noght an þat yeilds.
b
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)160/893 : Man haþ certayn tyme of elde Wanne he may engendrure ȝelde.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.22.2 : He shewide to me…the tree of lijf…bi eche monethes ȝeldinge his fruyt.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1003/25 : Þe more blak þey ben wiþoute, þe more rype þey ben withinne and þe more fatte and able to ȝelde oyle.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12329 : Þe…quete…quen it scorn was weil it yalld A hundret o þair mettes tald.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)23852 : Hit is not worþi to tile þat felde Þat not þe seed aȝeyn wol ȝelde.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)498 : A ȝere ȝernes ful ȝerne & ȝeldez neuer lyke.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.385 : Love to wide yblowe Yelt bittre fruyt.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.6.29 : The floury yer yeldeth swote smelles in the first somer sesoun.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)39/7 : He…fourti ȝeer…his seruauntis…fedde, noȝt of mete þat þe erþe ȝeldiþ but þat com fro heuen.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)506 : Abraham was all merueld then That euer hys sede suld sogattes ȝelde.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)203/22 : It hath yelde this rewarde that the enposteme of his pride…is brosten out on euery part.
- c1475 WBk.Phil.& Astron.(Cmb Ll.4.14)11 : The spere of þe erthe…ȝeldith blake bloode, malancolie, and a partie waterie.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3679 : Þe plente þat þe erþe ȝeldis, Boþe in wode and in feeldes, Is now of miche more might Þen it shal be þenne.
c
- (1443) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 827 : We reseyved…a vale y made be ye maydenys at the trentytyde that yelde xxiii s.
d
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)56.481 : The tombe owt blood gan ȝelde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)97b/a : Þe place schal ȝelde out watir and icchen and þe membre schal lesen his schap.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)99a/a : Þe wounde ȝeldiþ out greet quytture.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5319 : Þe sunne his hete ȝildes.
- c1500(1446) Morstede Surgery (Hrl 1736)119 : So continew tyll the wound yeld fayer mater.
7.
(a) To cause (sb. or sth.) to become (sth.), make, render; also, make someone (invisible) [quot. c1450];
(b) to turn out to be (sth.), prove [1st quot.]; refl. become (sth.);
(c) to impart (a quality).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.9.14 : The citee…he desijreth for to ȝeelde free [L liberam reddere].
- a1450 12 PTrib.(3) (Bod 423)107/10 : He yelt the alle thinges so bitter that noo thyng is swete to the but he alone.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)76 : I haue a stoon that to the folk whan j wole yelt invisible.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)100.39 (v.2:p.127) : By inspiracion of the grace of God, the kyngis hert was yolden beniuolent vnto hym, and fully enclyned to perfourmen his hooly entencion.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)201/11 : They yeelde the…vnworthy to haue the grace of good deedys-dooyng.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)740 : My inwarde afflixcyon ȝeldyth me tedyouse wnto yowr presens.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)123/20 : Onweldynes of age and febylnes of body haue…yoldyn me, or made me, so heuy, sterke, and onweldy that I am on-abyl to go.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)52/30 : A pocion of a lectuary…yeldeth the movthe wele savoured.
b
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)29/482 : God kniȝt he schal ȝelde [vr. ben helde].
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)57/31 : Ȝeld þy seluyn glorious & vygerous.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)114/21 : And man levith the suffrage of prayer, he…yeldith him necligent of his perfeccion or ellis to presumptuouse of his merytes.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)225 : Al we yielded vs astonyed [L omnes attoniti redderemur].
c
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8401 : The moisture…in þe yȝen…Draweþ to him þe shaping…of þat þing, And þat shap ȝildeþ it þe beam to, And þe beam to þe herte also.
8.
(a) To give (battle); deal (a blow);
(b) to direct (love, reverence, etc. toward sb., oneself, God, etc.);
(c) to conduct oneself (toward sb.);—also refl.; also, conduct oneself toward (sb.), treat [2nd quot.].
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1073 : Tristrem…þe strok him ȝeld.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2708 : Selcouþ asautes…þei samen ȝolde.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2223 : He…comez of a hole, Whyrlande…wyth a felle weppen…þe dynt with [t]o ȝelde.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)86/1087 : Goþ in-to þeo feld Þeo folk of grece bataile to ȝeilde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1891 : Þare-with…has þou…oure will sharpid…þe bataill to ȝeld.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)2472 : Smert boffettes they yeldyd there.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1177 : He comaund…Iche buerne on his best wise batell to yelde.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)14/87 : He ȝelt þe wurðemunt to unwitelese þing.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)398 : Þu schalt fonge…his truþe of his honde, Þat he þe bere al þe helde Þat man schal to his louerd ȝelde.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 2.6 : Þe lord schal ȝeelden to ȝou merci & trewþe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)696 : Ilkin thing…Ȝeld [Göt: Ȝeilded] til adam þar seruise.
- a1400 Comp.Our Lady (Pep 2498)117/18 : Ioseph…worschip ȝalde hym al his lyue.
- c1400 PLove (Hrl 2254)97/3 : Al reuerence and honour oweth to be ȝolden only to god.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)235/23 : Ȝe schulen ȝeelde to me a swete, hungry, and infinyte desier.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)309/8,9 : Ȝeldinge…ioye…to my name, To hymsilf he ȝeeldeþ indignacioun.
- ?a1450 Sel.Rosarium Theol.(Cai 354/581)64/10 : Subieccion is to [be] ȝelded to sich þat haþe lordelych power.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)149 : Hire bekes gonnen meete, Yeldyng honour and humble obeysaunces To love.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)1146 : O thou hye soueren Wysdam…Hewyn, erthe, and eche creature Yelde yow reuerens.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)56/4 : Due reuerence be ȝolden to hym.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.18.6 : Ȝelde ȝe to it [Babylon] as…she ȝeldide to ȝou.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)336 : I shall þe ȝelde…ryȝte as þe knyȝte me tawȝte.
9.
(a) To issue (a judicial decision); also, communicate (a pledge); ~ oute;
(b) to present (an account, a defense, etc.) for examination and approval, offer; also, provide (testimony);
(c) to offer (advice, prayers, etc.); express (a greeting, reproof); also, deliver (a speech).
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7192 : Ȝeldeþ hym my feute…Jch hym defye.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)107/109 : Decius Cesar…Demed þam al thre to ded…þe dome was ȝolden swa.
- (1467) Paston2.612 : The…arbritrours…haue not made nor yolden out…any suche award.
b
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.2 Quadr.(Bod 343)54/14 : Bi ælc ydele wordum þe men specæð, heo sculen ȝylden ȝescead on domes dæȝe.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)116/810 : Ich am her…wið alle mine hirdmen, to ȝelde reisun for ham.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)819 : Þov ne ȝolde [Hrl: ȝulde; Corp-C: ȝoulde] me þar-of none a-countes.
- a1325 SLeg.Juliana (Corp-C 145)98 : Ne dorre we noȝt…touore oure maister wende Oure acountes forto ȝelde.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)58/9 : Hit ne is naȝt lite þing ne ydelenesse huer-of hit behoueþ rekeni and yelde scele ine þe heȝe cort ase beuore god.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)3 John 12 : Witnessing is ȝolde to Demetrie of alle men and of treuthe it silf.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.378 : He shal yelde acountes of it at the day of dome.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28738 : Resun to yield well better is O merci þan of cruelnes.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Deeds 4.33 : The apostlis ȝeldiden [WB(1): ȝoldun] witnessyng of the aȝenrysyng of Jhesu Crist oure Lord.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)291/33 : He schal ȝelde rikenyng to me for his officeschip.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)p.73 : Sex goode men schulle be chose…to gadere þilke talage…and treuleche it spende, and treuleche a-countes ȝelde.
- (1449) RParl.5.144b : Provided…that the Collectours of this same Subsidie, in thair accomptes to be yolden in your Eschequer, have…due discharges.
- ?a1450 Sel.Rosarium Theol.(Cai 354/581)65/5 : Þai ow for to ȝelde resone to God for holi chirche.
- (1465) Stonor1.72 : His accompt…he is to yelde or shall yelde to you in youre Eschekere of that office.
- c1475 3 Consid.(UC 85)203 : Right…it is according that every lorde yilde unto God reson and streyght accounte of his lordshippe and admynistracioun.
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)57 : All suche goodes…ye shall…thereof due accompte yeild into the Kinges excheker…by every two yeres end.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)99/21 : We ordeyne…eche ȝere þat þey schal ȝeelde acounte bifore þe Ministre general.
- -?-(1435) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.308 : The seid maistris to come & ȝeld accountis of the godis aȝen to hem & trewe rekenyng therof.
c
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.304 : Yilde thou humble preieres an heyhe.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)273/25,26 : To me þei ȝeelden repreef and blame…to me schulde be ȝolde glorie and preisyng.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)226/29 : Fadir, þankynges I ȝield to þe.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)863 : Noȝt as þi suget & þi son my sawe I þe ȝeld, Bot as a felaw.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5192 : Lat þi semblance be sadd quen þou þi saȝe ȝildis.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1027/5 : They yelded to hym honoure and ‘good aventure’.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)133/29 : One of hys most notabyl princys…schal make a processe in comendacion of þe kynge, yeldyng also preysyngis to God.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)114/9 : Plantis…bowe them toward the sunne…yelding by maner of a signe a lawde to their Creatour.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)145/93 : This mede I coveite…that every…herer of this leude fantasye devoute horisons and prayers to god the greet juge yelden.
10.
(a) To bring out (sb. or sth.) to be examined, present to view, exhibit; also, display (an appearance);
(b) refl. to acknowledge oneself to be (guilty); acknowledge oneself (worthy to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 SLeg.John (Corp-C 145)402 : Sire, merci…Ich ne may þe him ȝulde noȝt, for he is ded.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Esd.8.58 : I tooc…of…brasene vesselis of good metal shynyng twelue, ȝeeldyng þe licness of gold.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19794 : Þat war þar-vte, in badd he call And yald [Phys-E: gialde] hir quik be-for þam all.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)18043 : Iesus…stinkand lazarun…al dede him quick he ȝald.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)2 Cor.11.2 : Y haue spousid ȝou to oon hosebonde, to ȝelde [L exhibere] a chast virgyn to Crist.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.m.4.26 : The thryvynge soule…yeldith ymages ydel and vein in the manere of a mirour.
- c1450 Let.Bk.Lond.D (Gldh LetBk D)35 : Wightis & mesures in the same Cite ye schul yelde.
b
- c1390 Form Conf.(1) (Vrn)341 : In Wrathe I ȝelde me gulti.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.374 : I, glotoun…gylti me ȝelde Þat I haue trespassed with my tonge.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)80/10 : To god schall a man knouleche his defautes, ȝeldynge him self gylty & cryenge him mercy.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)38/6 : He ȝeeldeþ hym worþi to haue eendelees peynes.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1131 : I yelde me gyllty of A trespas, I gabbyd on launcelot.
- 1530(c1450) Mirror Our Lady (Fawkes)87 : Wepe we, yeldyng vs gylty not for the thanke of man but Coram domino.
11.
To ascribe (an action, a benefit, etc. to sb. or oneself), attribute.
Associated quotations
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.9.24 : Þe dwelleris of Sichem…begunnyn…þe hidowse gilte of þe slawtyr…to ȝeeldyn [WB(2): arette; L conferre] in to Abymalech.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)37/36 : He knoweþ wel…þat he haþ receyued hem of my goodnes, And ȝit he vnkyndely ȝeldiþ hem to hymsilf.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)38/3 : Þat grace and alle oþire graces…he schuld ȝelde hem to me and nat to hymsilf.
12.
(a) To soften, melt, congeal;—?error for gelen v.(2);
(b) ?to go; ?error for sense 1a.(e) or perh. 1a.(c).
Associated quotations
a
- c1400 Sln.7 Cook.Recipes (Sln 7)135.89/2 : Yeldeth [Yale 163: Take tendyr chese…& do hit in hote skallyng watyr; When hit rennyth & yelleth togedyr, do awey the watyr].
b
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4904 : He chaungith purpos…And yalte [F se rent] into somme couente To lyven aftir her Emprise.
13.
In surname and in ship name.
Associated quotations
- (1230) Pat.R.Hen.III372 : Godichild.
- (1301) Close R.Edw.I502 : Philip Yoldehatte.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)23601 : Qwene gainore..had her yiolden vnto modrede, With him in spouse brek life to lede.
Note: New form: P.ppl. yiolden.
Note: Quot. belongs to sense 1a.(c).
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)21627 : Lucius..sais I salle stande til his lagh And þat Þis hile truage him agh, for it was yiolden to iulius, Þat þoru strenȝ so wan it on vs.
Note: Quot. needed for date in sense 2a.(a).--notes per MLL