Middle English Dictionary Entry
wīd(e adv.
Entry Info
Forms | wīd(e adv. Also vide, (early SWM) weide & (?error) wiðe, (error) swide; comp. wider, widder(e, widdore, widdur. |
Etymology | OE wīde; occas. difficult to distinguish from ME wīd(e adj., esp. in sense 3. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. awide adv.
1a.
(a) So as to extend a long way in breadth, so as to be broad, extensive, expansive, etc.; wider and) wider in brede; spreden (strecchen) ~; turnen so ~, to mark out such a broad circuit;
(b) so as to range over, be disseminated, be dispersed, etc. over or throughout a broad area, widely; far and wide, here and there, abroad, all over [sometimes difficult to distinguish from (c) and vice versa]; ~ abouten; ~ wher, q.v.;
(c) to, at, or from a great distance, so as to be far away; from afar, far and near; ?also, from off to the side, obliquely [last quot.];
(d) to a great extent, greatly; ai wider and wider, ever increasingly.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1278 : In a valeie biside He sei þe emperours ost sprad aboute wide.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2454 : My cours, that hath so wyde for to turne, Hath moore power than woot any man.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.399 : Edward þe Eldere…sprad þe endes of his kyngdom wydder [vr. wyddur] þan dede his fader.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)981/9 : In þe coppe of þe stalk hongeþ a flour dounward þat is narow by þe stalke and waxeþ in brede wyddere [vr. widder & widder] yschape as a belle.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1015/21 : Newe vynes may springe therof to make þe vyneȝerd sprede wyde & large.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)300 : The boundes be compas…with Thong…Whych envyroun strecche myght wyde.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6196 : Now is þe erthe greet oueral And wide strecchiþ him þerwiþal.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)42/13 : Seo lease gesetnysse þe þurh gedwolmannen wide gesawen is, & ge þonne þa geheowode leasunge.
- a1200(?OE) Cmb.Hom.(Cmb Ii.1.33)111/280 : His halȝan ban wurdon wide todælede, and mid mycelre lufe hi man wyrðaþ ȝehwær.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)pref.40 : Cristess Lerninngcnihhtess…i þiss middellærd Flittenn and farenn wide.
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)69/46 : Heo wulleþ waden wide in þi[ne wom]be.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)130/26 : Þis is nunan wide cuð.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14108 : Modræd bad Childriche…weide senden sonde a feouwer half Sex-londe.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)505 : He [elephant] walkeð wide.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)280/95 : Seint Domenic þoruȝ is ordre hire scholde helpe a-rere þoruȝ his prechingue wide in londe, cristine men to lere.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2561 : He deden hem crepen dikes long, And wide a-buten burges gon.
- a1350 Of Rybaudȝ (Hrl 2253)33 : Whil god wes on erthe & wondrede wyde, whet wes þe resoun why he nolde ryde?
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.722 : The sclaundre of Walter ofte and wyde spradde.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)21093 : Thomas…preched wide aboute & ȝede To peres & parthi.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)Prol.4 : I…Went wyde in þis world wondres to here.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.384 : Love to wide yblowe Yelt bittre fruyt.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)105/32 : Vitailles, þe widder þey beþ departid, þe lasse while þey lastiþ.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)23/29 : His bounte is wyde spredde among alle creatures in heuene & in erþe.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)159/253 : Thy name xal be wyde rede.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)134 : Well swyde [Lamb: wyde] sprong hys name, Be norþ and be souþe.
c
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)288 : Ich wende from hom wide.
- a1350 Opon a somer (LdMisc 108)31 : So wyde I walkede þat I wax wery.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1017 : Sche walked a while wide from here siȝt.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.5 : White rokkes aboute þe clyues of þe see…were i-seie wide [L a longe].
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)803 : Kyng Philippe sitteþ in his halle, Amonge his dukes and barons alle Þat he haþ somouned wyde.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.629 : I have myself ek seyn a blynd man goo Ther as he fel that couthe loken wide.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)1165a : Þe kyng full wyde Gadered more folke, be eueri syde.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1319 : He hyede hym swyþe…And sey golfagor stray on hym wyde.
d
- a1350 Ne mai no lewed (Hrl 2253)89 : A pruest proud ase a po seþþe weddeþ vs bo; Wyde heo worcheþ vs wo for wymmene ware.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)21.403 : Now by-gynneþ…my grace to growe ay wydder and wydder [vr. wyddore and wyddore].
1b.
In phrases: (a) ~ and fer, fer and ~, far and wide, everywhere [see also fer adv. 2.(a)]; also, from far and wide [quots. a1500(a1400) & perh. c1330(?a1300)]; ~ and side, far and wide [see also side adv.(1) (b)]; ~ ne side, side and ~, in length and breadth, overall;
(b) as ~ (…) as, as widely as, however far; also, through the whole of (a realm) [quot. a1375]; so ~ so, as far as, to the extremes that; also, in correl. construction: so ~ so…so ~, however widely…that widely, wherever…there.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)10258 : Sannt Johaness word Sprang wide & side o lande.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14566 : Ta wass waterr wid & sid All oferr erþe flowedd.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1256 : In arabie his kinde wune…Wid and fer to ðe rede se.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2368 : Þe cuntre fer and wide Ygadred was bi þan.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)73/1553 : Thourgh Rome stretes, wide and side, The ferthe maister ther com ride.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.1052 : Chese a boor, Gret bodied, side and wide, ek rather rounde Then longe.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)7503 : Graunte me…Namore lond, wyd ne syd, Þan y may sprede a boles hyd.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)871 : Þat folk com fer and wyde To se…How gentyll sche was and small.
- a1500 St.Alex.(5) (Tit A.26)161 : Hys Fader send bothe fer and vyde Messengers on euery syde.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)626 : Next…came Couetyse, that goth so fer and wyde Rydyng on a olyfaunt.
b
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)34/24-5 : Swa wide swa he hine mid him lædde, swa wide mon cristendom underfon wolde.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)105/26 : Se strengþe of ðessere hali mihte, hie takð up in to heuene and niþer in to helle, and spratt swo wide swo middenard.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)4/17 : He…sende heaste ant bode se wid se þet lont wes.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)299 : Þe king sende swa wide swa ileste his riche.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1803 : Ouer al þat lond…Þat hunger wex so gret & grille As wide as þai gun go.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2130 : Þat þei wende wiȝtly as wide as þi reaume.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)14.98 : I wiste neuere in my lyue Man þat with hym spake, as wyde as I haue passed!
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)162/133 : Als wyde in worlde als we haue wente Itt fand we neuere swilke ferly fare.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)146/188 : Sich a starne was neuer ere seyn, As wyde in warld as we haue beyn.
2.
So as to produce broad intervals between units; also, so as to be or become widely spaced; far apart; gon ~, of a horse: ?to take long strides.
Associated quotations
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.8036 : Þei departe þe fomy wawes wyde.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)2/37 : Þe Scottes now all wide will sprede.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)70/31 : Ȝyf þe oost be litel of multitude, þan mote þe wardes take þe lasse space þat þe oost be noȝt to wyde parted ne twynned.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)87/39 : Loke þat he be hardi & coragious of herte, redi & lyȝt of his feet, & þat he go wyde in resoun.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4942 : Whi ert þou adred Of ȝone scottis sa wyde spred?
3.
(a) So as to be open to the fullest extent possible, widely, widely open; also, so as to gape widely; ~ open (opened), offering no resistance or obstruction, receptive, wide open;
(b) so as to be flat on one’s back; at full length, supine; ~ open; ~ open slep, a supine sleeping position;
(c) ?freely, without hindrance;
(d) ?completely, without intellectual obstruction;
(e) ?with a wide or vigorous motion.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)110/24 : Hwen ha ihereð þet god, skleatteð þe earen adun, ah þe luft aȝein þet uuel is eauer wid open.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Nero A.14)201 : Hwi ne worpe ich me bi-tweonen þeo ilke ermes so swiðe wiðe [Lamb: wide] to-spredde?
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)171 : Ho sei a foul dragun ine þe hurne glide, berninde ase fur ant goninde ful wide.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)390 : Ðanne him hungreð, he [whale] gapeð wide.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1785 : Þe gates al þai deden vp wide.
- c1350 How GWife(1) (Em 106)37 : Ne lauȝ þou noȝt to loude, ne ȝene þou noȝt to wide.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)88/435 : For ryȝt as a pot haþ a wid open mouþ, so coueytise eueremore gapiþ aftir worldly goodis.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)820 : Þay ȝolden hym þe brode ȝate, ȝarked vp wyde.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.615 : Cast up the yates wyde!
- (1445) ?Bokenham Claudian CS (Add 11814)275/212 : He dare sette wide þe yates.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3800 : He gaped wyde & swelwed þe kyng.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1952 : Be day…Been al the dores opened wide, And be nyght, echon, unshette.
- (a1474) Stonor1.137 : Hir men…havyn broke up every dore and locke, and set hem wyde opyn for everythyng to go in.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)110/55 : Þey at þat tyme þat kepyd my body shyt aȝane þe seyd ii doers, and ȝit aȝene þey dyd flye wyd opyn.
b
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1500 : A token þe rode…A leiden it on þe herthe stille; A token Iesu, þar he naked stod, And leiden him wid opene on þe rod.
- a1400 Comp.Our Lady (Pep 2498)99/7 : Þe kniȝttes…laiden hym wide open opon þe croice.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)148a/a : Kepyng…fro stone is…abstening fro wide opne slepe [Ch.(2): slepynge vprightes] vpon þe necke.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)137b/b : Þe pacyent schal euer more lye wyde open to he be hole and he schal ben ofte tymes clisterd þat his guttes mowe be voide fro superfluyte.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)31/17 : Þe firste man þat come in his hande, at the first tourne he threwe hym wide open.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)830 : Wymmen wide open walte vnder stones.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1145 : Many on wyde opyn walt Þat wikkidly wondede was.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)139a : Wydeoppyn: Supinus.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4096 : Þoruȝ plate & mayle her woundis bledde wyde.
d
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)135/7 : It schal opene abrood þe foorme of þe seid x comaundementis þat he schal þe broder and þe wijder se in his foorme of þe x comaundementis.
e
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)166b/a : The diete of siche woundis and namely of þe veyne organe bi colice & souping mete þat chewe not be to wide.