Middle English Dictionary Entry
wā̆sten v.
Entry Info
Forms | wā̆sten v. Also wast(e, wasti(e, waston, (chiefly N) waist & (in surnames) vaste-, wace-; sg.2 wastest, etc. & wastus, (error) wostis; pl. wasten, etc. & (?error) wastit; p. wasted(e, etc. & wast; ppl. wasted, etc. & iwasted, wasted(d)e, iwasttid, wastud, wast(e, vasted & (?error) wastete, (error) wastes. |
Etymology | OF waster, var. of gaster; cp. L vastāre. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish the occurrences of p.ppl. wā̆st(e (vars. of wā̆sted) from wā̆st(e adj.; a few could also be construed as the adj. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. westen v.(2).
1.
(a) To devastate (a land, town, etc.), lay waste; ppl. wastinge, laying waste;
(b) to despoil (a region, tract of land, etc.) through the removal of resources.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11265 : Sixtene þusend heȝe here-kempen…scullen þi lond wasten.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)11112 : Ich wolle wasti his lond.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2880 : Þe noblemen…þis lond þat was so riche wastede al to noȝte.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2620 : Alwei as þei went, wasted þei it founde.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 6.5 : Ȝee schul makyn…a licnesse of þe mijs þat han wastid þe land.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1178 : He pursued into Palastyn…And þer he wast wyth werre þe wones of þorpes.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.14.15 : I shal lede yn werst beestis vpon the loond, that I waste [WB(2): distrie] it.
- (1449) RParl.5.144a : The somme of iiim li. to be deducte…in relief and comforte of pouer Townes, desolate, wastud, and destroied.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)163/7 : They…han made werre to your faders and predecessours, brent and wasted your feeldes and townes.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)203/32 : O’neyle-boy, Grayfergowse and Vlnestre…brandynge and wastynge, This clergy…god Prayeden for the good esplaite of…kynge henry.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4780 : When þai hade wasted the won…All the tresour thay toke.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)7.53 : Ioel…discriuiþ þe lond of þe twelue lynagez wastyd þoru þe cale worme, bruyk, locust & þoru rust wastyng.
- (c1437) Paston2.515 : The seide Paston with-holdeth alle the euidences to here seide right longinge and wastynge the seide mesuage and londes in that he may.
- (1470) Paston (EETS)1.562 : Þe maners…haue beene wasted…and deuowred.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)240/5 : They shold not hegge, wast, nother turne hit into tylthe, nother…close…the forsaid wode.
2a.
(a) To remove something from a store; make expenditures;
(b) to reduce by degrees a supply of (goods, money, etc.), deplete [often difficult to distinguish from sense 3.(a)]; spend (money); expend (wax, candles); also, use (oneself) up in battle; sacrifice (one’s life); refl. of a candle: expend itself;—used in fig. context; ~ awei;
(c) to exhaust (strength, vitality, etc.); also, require the expenditure of (wisdom);
(d) to pass (a period of time), spend; also, use up (time).
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)55/19 : Þe uerþe boȝ of þise zenne of þan þet to nobleliche wylleþ libbe, þet despendeþ and wasteþ uor to uelle hare glotonye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Co.(Manly-Rickert)A.4416 : Ther is no theef with oute a lowke That helpeth hym to wasten and to sowke Of that he brybe kan or borwe may.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)10.212 : Fals folk…Vngracious to gete loue or any good ellis…wandriþ & wastiþ [vr. wastit] [ȝif] þei mowe.
- a1450(a1449) Lydg.WTongue (Hnt EL 26.A.13)75 : Who go stille, men marke hym on the side, Seyn that he is a spie…Who wasteth not, men seyn he hathe tresour.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)4.16 : Other [bees] there be whiche…ete and drynke, deuoure eke and waaste: Thei laboure not.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4852 : Of al her trauaile and al her woo Shal anoþer make him bliþe, Spende and waste and reuel swiþe.
b
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)26/433 : Tah nane of þeos ne makie to forwurðen weole þer ase muchel is, Eauer se þer mare is, se ma beoð þet hit wastið.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of godde (Hrl 913)179 : Al þat þou wan here wiþ pine, A broþin eir sal wast it al.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.79 : Ȝere fel stryf bytwene þe kynges of Engelond and of Fraunce, and al þe money was i-wasted þat was arered in demes.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1422 : Ye shul no thyng wynne on that chaffare But wasten [vr. waasten] al that ye may rape and renne.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1489 : Hit watz not wonte in þat wone to wast no serges.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)24/12 : For-getil ah sho noht to be, Ne ouir-mikil haue, Ne ouir-mikil waste of þat fallis to þe huse, Bot alle þingis do wid mesur.
- a1425 MChristi (Arun 286)53/734 : Iche of hem schal wepe more þan water is in þe see, for þat myȝt drop so longe þat it myȝt have ende and be wastete [?read: wastede], bot her wepynge schal never have ende.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3802 : We sall ende this daye als excellent knyghttes, Ayere to endelesse joye with angells vnwemmyde; Þofe we hafe vnwittyly wastede oure selfen, We sall wirke all wele in þe wirchipe of Cryste.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)31/25 : He cam fro heuene…& for oure bihoue bicome man…& wastid here his lyf wiþ many bittir peynes & peyneful deeþ at þe eende.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)46/36 : Þou spendist þi Lordis good…But if þou wast hem…aȝeyn þe wille of þi Lord, þere þou fallest aȝeyns God as in dette.
- c1450(?a1370) Winner & W.(Add 31042)408 : Now es it sett and solde my sorowe es þe more, Wastes [read: Wasted] alle wilfully ȝour wyfes to paye.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)65/25 : With that that was wasted of her clothes, she might haue clothed ij or iij.
- (1474-5) Acc.St.Edm.Sarum20 : In wex bought and wasted in the tyme of the Indulgence, xi d. ob.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)197/21 : By theise iij myscheevys is the royall money consumed and the tresours of the seigneurie vasted.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)680 : He hadde wastyde a-way his goode.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)153 : His tresour and his horde Was y-wasted al in vaine.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)7755 : To þe candel light likned be tho Þat ȝeueþ anoþer his light him fro And wasteþ him-self hastely.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.49.4 : In veyn I trauailede…veynli my strengþe I wastide.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)715 : He [man] walkeþ vpon tweyn Til it so be…That lust of ȝouthe wasted be and spent.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.393 : Elde wasteth every houre In ech of yow a partie of beautee.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)5787 : Menescen myght was almost wast.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)238 : Hit wasteþ no wisdam weihes to lere.
d
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)52/19 : Þet uolk þet late louieþ to soupi and to waki be niȝte and wasteþ þane time ine ydelnesse…zeneȝeþ ine uele maneres.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)4356 : Al that nyght he wastyd hath and spent.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2678 : The nyght is wasted, and he fyl aslepe.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)30/12 : He was cast…out of…paradys…into erþe for to dreiȝe woo…his dayes to wasten & dyȝe at þe ende.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)104/24 : Be war also of hering of tithinges, for þei vnquieten þe hert…and wastith þe tyme with oute profite.
- a1500 Discip.Cler.(Wor F.172)63 : The thief…charged hymsilf for to chese of the most Richest…and in his choise wasted tyme til the day cam.
2b.
(a) To consume utterly (food, drink);
(b) to burn up (sb. or sth.); also fig. and in fig. context; also [quot. ?a1425, 2nd], consume, burn something up;—used in fig. context; ~ awei (up); ppl. wastinge, burning; also, all-consuming;—used fig.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Hos.13.8 : Y shal waastye hem there as a lyoun.
- ?c1430(c1383) Wycl.Leaven Pharisees (Corp-C 296)13 : Þei wasten delicat metis and drynkis and ȝeuen nouȝt to pore men.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17116 : No wounder yf þei were sory, for wyn was wasted all þat þei weld.
b
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)38/654 : Te oðre…beoð ase sikere unlusti & wlecche unneadðe i godes luue wið uten euch heate of þe hali gast, þe bearneð se lihte wið vte wastinde brune in alle his icorene.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)30/2 : Þet is a ver þet wasteþ alle þe guodes of þe house.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.9.20 : Fijr go out of hym & waste þe dwelleris of Sichem.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Bar.6.62 : Fijr sente fro aboue, that it waast hillis and woddis, doth what thing is comaundid to it.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)69/461 : Þou ȝaf…Scharpe arwes and coles wastyng To amende wiþ my liuing.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)204b/a : Þe lede is y-wasted and y-brende & clensiþ þe siluer.
- a1425(c1340) Rolle Psalter (LdMisc 286)25.2 : Brenne my neris…with the fire of thi luf, the goed enflaumand, the ill wastand.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3143 : Þe saule most clensid be In purgatory…þe fire…þar-in Es bot a maner of fyre to wast syn.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)175/2 : Þei be brennyd…in þe hete of my charite, where is waastid up and consumpt þe propre willis of hem.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)317/9 : Þou art þat fier þat brennest and wastist not, but consumest al synne.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)137/23 : A grete low…burnyd…hys bodie…to it was clene wastid.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.31.18b : Þe fire of loue wasteþ alle fleshly lustis as oþer fire wastiþ al bodily þingis.
- a1500 Tundale (Adv 19.3.1)918 : In stronge fyr þey brennede ay Tyll þey were wastede away.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.302 : As þe hete of þe sonne with hys lyȝt whan he schynyth in þe fyr in þe hous wastyth þe fyr & quenchyth it, so þe loue of God…ȝif it schynyt in mannys soule…with his hete…schulde quencyn & wastyn þe brondys and þe fyr of lecherye.
3.
(a) To squander (goods, money, resources, etc.), use up needlessly or unprofitably; be profligate with (riches); also, cause the wasteful consumption of (goods) [quot. ?c1430]; use (weapons) to no effect [quot. a1470]; ppl. wastinge, profligate;
(b) to employ or expend (intelligence, words, effort, etc.) vainly or wastefully; also, misplace (trust);
(c) to spend (time, a lifetime, etc.) frivolously, misspend.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1207 : He moot vs clothe…And if that he noght may parauenture Or ellis list no swich dispence endure But thynketh it is wasted and ylost, Thanne moot another payen.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10888 : Þe lorde shal þe shepard hate þat wasteþ hys store.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)11.300 : Fals folke…Vngraciouse to gete good…A-waytynge and wastynge al that thei cacche mowe.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)99/6 : He…wente in pilgrimage…and wastede al his substaunce liuinge lecherousliche.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)23/31 : Te celeresse sal be…noht of mekil mete…ne latte, ne wastande, Bot god dutande.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.9.105 : He that desireth oonly power, he wasteth and scatereth rychesse, and despyseth delices.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)92 : Shynynge vessel…delicat metis…& ryche cloþis…þes vanytes wasten pore mennus goodis.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)292 : We holde hit nedful to nime þat nouht may be wastid.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)227/20 : They wynne no worshyp of me but to waste their toolys.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)434 : But prestis wasting in oþere þingis, as ben horsis, haukis, & houndis…ben ful dampnable bifore god.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)435 : Siche persouns bi lecchery waste þer pore pariȝschens godis.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)19/4 : Me halt ane man wod þet…þe uirtues of þe bodie and þe þoȝtes and þe consentemens and þe willes of þe zaule wasteþ and despendeþ ine folyes.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1498 : Kep that thou thi witt ne waste Upon thi thoght…Wherof thi lyves forfeture Mai falle.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)238 : Gamen is good whiles it will last, Ac…Þe werldelich man, and lesse and maast, Here leue þere-inne so wel waast.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2443 : Thou…wastest in vayn thi passage.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3323 : Ye may…Youre wordis waste in Idilnesse.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)12986 : Yf þei with mete mend our chere, þen haue we not wast all our way.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9788 : All þaire wordis þai wast, & þaire wynd alse.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)52/21 : Hi wasteþ þane time…huanne hi makeþ of þe ny[ȝ]t day.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 7.6 : My daiys…passeden…& þei ben wastid wiþoute any hope.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)252 : To þoo speke i alþer-mast þat won in vnuarc es to wast þair liif in trofel and truandis.
- (?a1430) Hoccl.Ad Patrem (Hnt HM 744)28 : Of worldly sweet venym souffre vs nat taaste Ne our tyme in this world mis-spende and waaste!
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)19 : It makiþ myche of her tyme be lost and wastid þoru veyn speche.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)19/15 : Wolde God þei wist what peryl þei ben inne þat þus wasten here while.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)454 : Ȝif he waste tyme in þis absence & profite not to hooly chirche, þys los of tyme accusiþ hym bifore crist.
4.
(a) To cause (sb., an animal, etc.) to waste away; also in fig. context; weaken (sb., a bodily member, etc.), enfeeble; also, overcome (a group of warriors, a nation, etc.); also, mortify (the flesh); ~ awei; ppl. wasted, enfeebled; also, emaciated; of the edges of a wound: shriveled [quot. c1475];
(b) to diminish the substance of (sth.) by gnawing, plucking apart, etc.; also, cause (the body) to decay; ~ awei;
(c) med. to cause burning [quot. ?c1425, 3rd]; burn away (flesh, necrotic tissue, etc.); ~ awei; ppl. wastinge as adj.: caustic;
(d) to erode (ground in a stream bed); of mildew: cause (sth.) to disintegrate; of rust: corrode (sth.);—used fig.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ruth 1.12 : I am wastid bi eelde.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mic.4.13 : Ryse thou and threshe, douȝter of Syon…and thou shalt waste [WB(2): make lesse] many peplis.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)33a/a : Þe same resoun of failinge is in hem þat fastiþ ouer myȝt & beþ I-spendid & I-wasttid.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)112/14 : Þenk hou bisiliche…þou hast traueiled, wastinge awei þi bodi and þi blod wiþ alle þi uertues…to winne wordli goodis.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Josh.10.20 : The aduersaries weren betun…and weren almost wastid til to deeth.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1266 : Swilk men…sal trauel tast With grete fullyng þer flesch to wast.
- ?a1450 Arderne LW (Em 69)114 : In ilica passio…ther falleth…many cursyd syknessys, as yoksynge, the crampe, & coldnesse wastynge the extremytyes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4008 : Wete ȝe wele…Þat quen þe gouernoure is gane, þan is þe gomes wastid.
- a1475 Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)144/10 : The tokenes of þis sekenes ben…feblenes of senewis, pale coloure, lene and y-wastid awei as men þat han þe tisike.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)122a/a : Þou schalt se þe lippis of þe wounde wastid and dried & þe place blac & hard.
- a1480(c1450) Barlaam (2) (Peterh 257)56/2021 : The white mowse and þe blak mowse arn vnderstonde þe day and þe nyȝt, þat wastyþ vs euermore litel and litel in al oure lyf.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)8221 : Imayne prayed for a knyght To fyght wyth that cursyd wyght, That wastythe that lady awaye.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)73/4 : Wið ute wisdom, flesch as wurm forfret hire & wasteð hire seoluen.
- c1350 Ayenb.App.(Arun 57)265/8 (1st occurrence) : Alle…myd wermes ssolle by y-wasted and naȝt ne ssolle wasti.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)37/15 : Bubo…ane aposteme…ofte-tyme…fretiþ and wasteth all þe circumference of it, so þat þe feces…goþ out continuely.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)48/39 : I haue sene þer in dede men, þe skyn of þe flessh y-persed and þat fatnes bene eten or wastedde.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)28/35 : Thai assaien…þe anothomye of bones…in bodyes dried…or wasted in þe erþe.
- ?a1450(1422) Lydg.SD (McC 182)59/8 : Þis Philosophir made þis olde manne to pluk one here aftir anoþer…till…bi proces þe taile was wastid clene away.
c
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)215/11 : It is made forsoþe of hote consumptynes, i. wastyng medecynes…as ben calcites, alum, es vste…and soche oþere.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)569/21 : Cauteries…ben made…in the nose forto waste þe polipe with an accuel cauterie.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)611/8 : A brennynge medecyne…wasteþ and sleeþ.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)125/533 : Ley of þe forseide pouder þer-to til it [dead flesh] be clene wastid away.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)124a/a : Þis oynement consumeþ & wastiþ yuele fleisch.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)156a/b : A streme…comeþ into þe see and diggeþ and wasteþ his owne grounde.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)397/18 : He þinkiþ noþing þat…rust were & waste hise cloþis.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.310 : Trost…in mannys myȝt…in erdely helpe…is but rust wastynge þe basenet of hope þat we owyn to God.
5.
(a) To reduce (swelling, an inflammation, etc.); cause (redness) to fade;
(b) to reduce (sth.) by boiling; boil away (water); also, vaporize (an element in a compound or mixture); also, absorb (moisture); ~ awei.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1100 : Fumes dyuerse Of metals…Consumed and wasted han my reednesse.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)93a/a : Wombeache…is curable wiþ medicines þat wastiþ ventosite.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)211/18 : Vdimia schal not be smiten yn wiþ repercussiuis saue it schal be waastid awei in þe firste bigynnyng.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)367/5673 : Pleuresys comonly bredys raþer in þe left half…for in þe ryȝt half þe kynd het þat comys fra þe hert…disquasshys it (wastys it away).
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)31a/a : If drines haue þe maistrie in a þing, it wastiþ þe moisture þat he findiþ þerinne.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)196b/a : By hete of fyre it [quicksilver] is soone wasted away in smoke.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)180/12 : Boile hem in a double vessel til al þe watir be waistid awey.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)176a/a : Let it seþe til it be wasted fro iij potelis to iij pyntis.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)213/13 : Take fayr barowes grace…aschys…and…watyr and boyle hem al to-gether tyl it be halfe wastyd.
- a1475 Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)27/7 : Take…lorel leves…Englisshe rwebarbe, and lauriole…and stampe hem and þen seþe hem…so long, til þat þe wiyn be wastid.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)60/29 : Take and boyle eufrace and pellatory…wast half, and of the residue…put a sponefull in thi mouth.
6.
(a) To cause destruction [quot. ?c1450]; destroy (sth.), demolish; also fig.; cause destruction of (real property); also, break up (animal bones, joints, etc.); ~ oute, raze; ppl. wasted, destroyed; damaged;
(b) to slaughter (sb., a group of people, living creatures, etc.), kill; do away with (sb., one’s foes, etc.); ~ awei;
(c) ben wasted, to be spoiled or ruined; be turned into refuse, be discarded as useless; of a light: be extinguished;—used fig.;
(d) break (a law), abrogate; disrupt (someone’s rest); thwart (a plan).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.6.17 : All þingez þat ben in þe erþ schall ben wastyd.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.136.8 : Þe sones of edom…seyn, ‘wastid out, ful out wastid [alt. to: ful out wastiþ, ful out wastiþ] vn to þe foundement in it.’
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1331 : Iuno…hath destroyed wel ny al the blood Of Thebes with his waste walles [vr. walles wasted] wyde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.839 : The wall and al þe Cit withinne Stant in ruine…The toun is wast.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7816 : Thing which mai be worth the cost Per chaunce is nouther wast ne lost.
- a1400 Cato(3) (Frf 14)266 : Loke þou be chaste if þi gode be waste þorou harme atte is.
- ?a1425 Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)4/8 : He seiþ þat cokes kitten not eche ioynte one after anoþer, but þei grynden and brissen & wasten alle at ones.
- (1434) Misyn ML (Corp-O 236)119/24 : For þe boystus fleschly sawle in-to behaldyng of þe godhede is not rauischyd bot if it be gostely, all fleschly lettyngis vastyd [L absumptis].
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)53 : The ballyves…shul go to the same place wasted…they shul doo taxene the wast and the damages doon in the same tenementz.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)518 : Waaston: Vasto.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1311 : Þus was þe strenth…in a stounde wasted.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)6755 : Halfdene…Made in Ingland sary warke; All aboute he wasted and stroyed.
- a1475 Against Lollards (Vsp B.16)34 : Wel aught hym to waile…Þat suyche lust haþ in lollardie—An old castel & not repaired With wast walles & wowes wide.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)145.8 : The wayes of synful he sall wast.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.241 : Abbeys foure he wasted and confounde, The newe forest in Hamshire for to founde.
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)57.8 : Þe wicked shul ben wasted as wax þat melteþ.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 14.36 : Falle wee vp on þe philisteis bi nyȝte, & waste wee hem.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)326 : Alle þat glydez and gotz and gost of lyf habbez I schal wast with my wrath.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.20.17 : Myn eye sparide vpon hem, that I shulde not slee hem, nether Y waastide [vr. wastede] hem in deseert.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5382 : Þan wald I wene with ȝour witt to wast all my fais.
- c1450(1438) GLeg.St.Geo.(GiL54)(Eg 876)65/18 : Alle the children of…that peple were wasted awaye.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.315 : He schal smyte þe with pestilence til he schal wastyn þe.
c
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3020 : Lo the ook, that…hath so long a lyf…Yet at the laste wasted is the tree.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)237a/b : If þer is moche reyn whanne he [olive] rypeþ, þanne þe oyle is apeyred and y-wasted.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3327 : Now þe lanter and þe clere liȝt Is wastid oute of Frigius Darete.
- (1423) Pet.Sutton in Fenland NQ 7307 : The whiche milles be falne downe and wastyd.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)2464 : In-to a dyke þai gan it kast So to be wasted at þe last.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)165/28 : Hit was…preued in Rome when her gynnes & here schetyng gere wiþ long bysegyng of þe capitoil was forwered & wasted.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)941/28 : They founde an auncyant chapell which was wasted.
d
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)118.126 : Þe wicked han wasted þi lawe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.24.15 : Ne aspie þou…in þe hous of þe riȝtwis, ne waste þou þe reste of hym.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17179 : Iudyth, when scho herd of þer tythyng tell, how ser oȝi had ordand yt þer Cyte…to sell, And how he made þat mesure fytt to dome of god v days to dwell, Sho wold yt wast with womans wytt.
7.
(a) To dispel (clouds, darkness, heat, etc.); fig. banish (misery, discord, etc.); also, reject (sinfulness, evil deeds, etc.), disavow; ~ awei;
(b) to purge (bodily fluids, matter, etc.); wash away (blood);—used fig.; ?also, draw off or drain (sth.); ~ awei;
(c) to do away with (sin or sins); also, avert (punishment).
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)108/6 : Þe zonne…wasteþ þe cloudes and…urostes…Alsuo wasteþ þe holy gost…þe þyesternesses of þe herte.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Jas.4.15 : A vapour, or smoke, to a litel semynge, and afterward it shal be waastid.
- a1400 Rolle Encom.Jesu (Hrl 1022)188 : Þis name Ihesu…wastes discordes.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3305 : Þe eyr gan cleryn, & þe heuene And þe mystis wern wastid hym to-forn.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)149/1 : I schal…waysche me in his blood, and so schal I waaste away my wickidnes.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)844 : Be-for godes sight I salbe clene, Yf I waste myne euil dedes be-dene.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2284 : A Priores hertly sal hast Al vice & syns away to waist And ordan for þam gastly bute.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)16363 : Now has he wast [vr. wasted] þi wo a way and sent þe welth.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)358/32 : Colde watyr in wyntyr wasteth the hete of the stomac.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)177/54 : I will offer…incense…Stynke of the stable yt shall wast.
b
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)371/5769 : Ȝif it sa be þat þe kynd be myȝty & dryf & wast out þe mater & þe malice of þe fe[ver]…& þan com a ȝalow jaundys, it is a takyn of warsynge.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)206/24 : Make a gargarisme off þe wyn…and yt schall wast a-wey the moystnesse þat makyth a mannys chekis to swelle.
- c1450 PPl.B (RwlPoet 38)9.134 : Iwasted [Ld: Bideth ȝe þer-inne, Tyl fourty dayes be fulfilde þat flode haue ywasshen Clene awey þe cursed blode þat caym hath ymaked].
- a1475 Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)190/4 : Þis sikenes [dysentery] is ful violent and drawiþ þe marie oute of a mannes bones and wastiþ his kindeli moistnes.
- a1475 Hrl.Diseases Hawk A (Hrl 2340)21 : Yf þi castyng be grene yi panell is not clene, þe grese is not all wastid from þe panell.
c
- c1390 Hilton ML (Vrn)266 : Þe desyr of loue wasteþ al synne.
- a1400(?c1300) LFMass Bk.(Roy 17.B.17)137 : Þou þat wostis [vr. wastus] þo worlds wrake, oure praiere in þis tyme þou take.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)1236 : Þis es goddes lamb…þat wastes þe werldes syn.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)50/9 : Byrnynge of lufe…all vicis pourgis…also al veniall synns it wastis.
8.
(a) To promote digestion [quot. a1398, 3rd]; digest (food); absorb (blood, nutriment); also, break down (substances in the body), resorb; also, dissolve (a substance); ~ awei;
(b) to disperse (sth.); scatter (enemies); also, disburse (money).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)18a/a : Hit semeþ þat he [angel] eteþ & drinkeþ as a man and ȝit etiþ noȝt noþir drinketh, but by his myȝt he destroieþ & wastiþ þe mete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)74b/b : Suche mete brediþ sotil blood þat is sone I-wastid in þe membres.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)214b/b : Of tame garleek…is vertu to dissolue and to tempre and to consume & waste.
- a1450 Diseases Women(2) (Sln 2463)94 : Lete [them] vsen suche thingis that wastith & consumyth seed as fastyng & wakyng, isop & rue & comyn.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)236/18 : Do þer-yn more of þe poudyr, tyl yt wastythe þe stone.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)128/25 : Boyle hem to-gedir, till þat þe donge be nerhand wastyd in-to lycour.
- a1475 Hrl.Diseases Hawk A (Hrl 2340)34 : For stoppyng in þe towell…Take whyte sope…and put it in at hir towell…and þt wyll dyssolue þe ston and wast hym…take a blake flynt…and make a powdir…þt wyll frete ye ston and wast hym [B: it] awey.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)152a/a : Blood dwelliþ aboue þe wounde blak & engrosid þe which may not be resolued ouþir wastid by oþir medicynes.
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)52.7 : God wasted þe bones of hem.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)67.1 : Arise, God, and be hys enemys wasted [WBible(1) (Bod 959): Scatered].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 22.15 : He sente his arewis & scaterede hem leites & wastide hem.
- (1431) Plea Sharpe in RS 28.5 pt.1 (Hrl 3775)455 : Ȝe may getene a hundred and ten thousand pounde of mo temporaltes, wasted among wordely clerkys.
9.
(a) To dissolve, decompose; be used up, consumed, or absorbed; also, be destroyed; ~ awei; ~ to careine and corrupcioun; ppl. wastinge, wearing out or giving out; also, subject to decay;
(b) to boil off, vaporize; ~ awei;
(c) to grow less intense, diminish, die away; ~ awei; ben wasted; ppl. wastinge as adj.: evanescent;
(d) to grow weak or feeble, decline; also, grow thin [1st quot.; may be error for fasten v.(2)]; ~ awei;
(e) to vanish, disappear; also, fade to nothing; ~ awei;
(f) of time: to pass.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3023 : The harde stoon Vnder oure feet…Yit wasteth as it lyth by the weye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)206a/a : Bras and Iren…if þay beþ in stronge fuyre wiþoute tyn, þey brenneþ and wasteþ away.
- a1400 *NWomen (Eg 827)29a : Wommen of relegion purge noght; because of rysyng o nyght…and ocupacyon in her seruyse her blod wastyth.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)426/1082 : Small resoluciouns lyk herys…comes o þe renys…if…in þe frotynge…þai melt & wast away betwen þi fyngyrs, þai are of þe humors dyede.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)88/29 : An-oþer tokne…was a flawme of fyer wondir hoot &…nowt wastyng but euyr incresyng, of lowe.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)980 : In þis wastinge word we ne wone nouht evere.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13986 : So sat he styll two hyllys be twen; þat all suld wast, he wend full wele.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)228/8 : Take poudyr of castory and do yt vndyr þe tonge and let it melte þer and waste a-waye.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)83/8 : Þat empire wastid and went to nowt.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)16a/b : Whi he [nail] wexiþ alwey in lenkþe…is for þis cause…he is euermore wastynge þoruȝ wirkynge.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)195/3254 : All þe welth of þis werld waystes be þe last To caryon & corrupcion.
b
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)188/21 : Medle hem togidere & þan seþe hem til þe water waaste awei.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)25 : In cas þe lycoure wast a-way, caste more of þe same wyne þer-to.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)242/775 : Do þe grese þerto and boyle it wele till it be gyn to wast.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1067 : Blode wil wast & fume In myghty fire & vttirly consume.
c
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2235 : Euery soun Nys but of eyr reuerberacioun And ther it wasteth lite and lite awey.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.3703 : Euery wo…muste aswage, And ouergon and wasten by myracle.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.1220 : Vnseur tresour…With wastyng shadwes of godis transitorie, In surquedous pride gan…his herte auaunce.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)41/19 : Charite is neuer ydell…if it cese of workyng…it wastiþ a way.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4030 : The cold wyntur Was wastid & went with his wete shoures.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4035 : Wyndis wastid away, warmyt the ayre.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)268a/b : Þe addre feleþ him ygreued…and absteyneþ and wasteþ [L ieiunat] many dayes, þat his skynne may so þe esiloþer be departed.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1057 : A tre without more…may not bowe ne bere fruyt, but root & euer wast.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)437 : Wan þey haue wastyde by feyntnes, Than febyll þer wyttys.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)59/11 : Age cometh…by…cours of nature…the body wastyng and drying.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)69/1311 : Thus þis strenth…in a stound wastyd.
e
- a1400 Thrugh grace (Hrl 1022)34 : Trayst in þo trinite…& noght in golde, for þat wil wayst.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3568 : Al passeth & halt here no soiour, Wastyng a-way as doth a somer flour.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)4.225 : This name Of perfyte Ryches: it is tresourye Whiche may nat wast but iliche abyde.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)219/28 : The grete expenses that he dooth for our needys…is more like a verey abisme whereynne all synketh and wasteth.
- a1500 Ihesu þt was borne (Adv)40 : Mych of owre welth hase wastud awey.
f
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.20 : Lordynges, the tyme wasteth, nyght and day.
- a1450(1411) Many man (Dgb 102)137 : Þey…Þat cure of soules don despise…Þey maken skourges to here owe betyng; Here good dayes ben wastyng And þey, to helle hastyng.
10.
Ppl. wasted, mus. of a harp string: ?damped [may be error for or aberrant form of p.ppl. of fasten v.(1)].
Associated quotations
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)352/11 : In an harp, þe strynges in porcyone streyned and wasted ȝeuen a swete sowne.
11.
In surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1185) in Pipe R.Soc.3475 : Alanus Wastehose.
- (1191) in Pipe R.Soc.n.s.2 ()90 : Emma Wastecerueise.
- (1208) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Rob. Waste File.
- (1226) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Sybil Wastehose.
- (1246) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Joh. Wastepayn.
- (1246) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Joh. Wastpeny.
- (1251) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Emma Wacehose.
- (1256) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Will. Vastepayn.
- (1301) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Ric. Wastpayne.
- (1332) Nickname in LuSE 55184 : Joh. Wastpayn.