Middle English Dictionary Entry
suspect adj.
Entry Info
Forms | suspect adj. Also suspecte, -pekte, -pette, -peit, susspecte, pl. suspectus. |
Etymology | L suspectus (p.ppl. of suspicere) & OF suspect, -pecte, -pette. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
(a) Open to suspicion of wrongdoing, liable to arouse suspicion; exciting suspicion; ben ~ of, to be open to suspicion of (sth.); refl. maken ~ of, lay oneself open to suspicion of (sth.); (b) deserving of suspicion, of dubious or bad character, of ill repute; also, of a person, an emotion, etc.: unreliable, to be mistrusted, suspect; of a place: evil, disreputable; also, to be regarded as unsafe, likely to be dangerous [quot. a1398]; of a point in time: ominous [quot. c1395]; haven ~, to mistrust (sb.) as corrupt or a wrongdoer; also, regard (sb., affection, etc.) as unreliable; refl. distrust oneself; holden ~, distrust (sb., an emotion, etc.); also hold (a day) to be unlucky; (c) suspected of wrongdoing, under suspicion, mistrusted; ~ of (in), suspected of (heresy, hypocrisy, etc.); haven (holden) ~, to suspect (sb.) of wrongdoing; haven ~ as, suspect (sb.) of being (a liar, etc.); haven ~ in (of), holden ~ of, suspect (sb.) of (sth.); haven ~ with, suspect (a wife) to be guilty of adultery with (sb.); (d) ?impers. ben had ~, it is suspected (that sth. is the case).
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)205/34 : Alsuo behoueþ him beuly þe encheysones of zenne, ase speke priueliche to wyfman ine stede suspect [Vices & V.(2): in suspecious places], on wyþ one.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)85/10 : Ȝif Crist beggide wilfullich, he made hym-silf suspect of synne, for he made for hym-silf a schame.
- (c1425) Doc.Lynn in Nrf.Archaeol.6222 : Sire, ȝe shal swere þt ȝe shal wel & truli..wiþouten affeccioun or favour..ffoure persones of þe indifferentest & not suspect persoones, chesen.
- ?c1430(c1400) Rule & T.St.Francis(1) (Corp-C 296)44 : I comaunde stably to freris þat þei haue not suspect companyes or conseilis of wymmen.
- (1440) Visit.Alnwick350b : We enioyne yow, prioresse..that ye suffre no sustre of yours to speke wythe no seculere persones save fadere and modere and other that by laghe are not suspecte, but if an other sustere approvede in religyone stande by and here.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)157/22 : Ouer-myche to Preyse is suspecte of losengry; and ouer-myche mespryce, of felony.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Nwb f.36 Ry.20)14/11 : The straungers shal make of the a spectale of mokkery, a man suspecte.
b
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.541,542 : Suspicious was the diffame of this man, Suspect his face, suspect his word also, Suspect the tyme in which he this bigan.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)332b/a : Biuium is þe bigynnyng of tweye weyes..and is ofte a perilous place and suspecte, ffor in suche place ofte þeues liggeþ in awayte.
- (?c1425) Hoccl.Jonathas (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)197 : Haldith me nat suspect; Doutith nothyng; y can be right secree.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Obed.Prel.(Corp-C 296)33 : How schulde a treue man be demyd bi suspect iuges?
- (1433) RParl.4.447a : Please hit..to consider a grete myschief..begonne amonge untrewe lyvers, and poeple withoute conscience, and yet duellyng in a suspect and wycked place called the Stewys.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)460 : Alle suche singuler feelingis..and movingis in þe affeccioun..ben to be hold suspect and not liȝtli to be folewid.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)17 : Þer is no þing in al þe world, neiþer man ne feend, ne noon oþer þing, þat I haue so myche suspect as I haue þe affeccioun of loue..but if it be wel sett.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)21 : Of perfiȝt loue of Crist, withoute which al oþer loue is suspect [vr. suspecte].
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)22 : Til þou feele þis maner loue sadly groundid in þin herte..holde al þi loue suspect and be a-feerd.
- a1450(?1419-20) Topias (Dgb 41)86/443 : Crist..tretide of his passioun in riȝt priuy maner..Shal we..þerfore seie his conceil was not able, Suspect, & not good confourmed to Goddis lawe?
- a1450 Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)553 : Haue noo sikernesse of thiself, but alway be dredful, hauynge thiself suspect.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)226/16 : Thei folowen..steppis of synne..that gladly receyuen suspecte familierites be cleppinges and wanton spech, kyssynge..and such other thynges that ȝeuen wey to fleschly loue.
- (1451) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)336 : Many of the said persones that..ne canne gete..occupacion ne werke werwyth to gete their levyng in the same craft drawen them unto Blanchapultone..and other suspect places and there be comone vagrantes, riotours, Strumpetmongers, and theves unto evell exaumple of alle the yonge people of this Citee.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)113/18 : Richard..was crowned..þe ix day of September, whech day is hald suspect of supersticious men.
- (1472) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8525 : John More..is a receptour of suspect persones, commyng by nyght and goyng by nyght..Robert Broun..receptes Scottes and othir suspect peple.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.11.7a : Ȝif þou be stirid..forto drawe out þin herte fro gostli occupacion..þis felyng is suspette & of þe enemy.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.150 : Ȝef a man ȝeue hym to wykked company or vse suspect placis, men..wilen coniectyn þerof.
- a1500(?1421) Let.Marg.Anjou in Camd.86 (Add 46846)28 : He..appelleth this cause directly..to the liege lorde, ffor other juges in this matere he hath utterly suspecte, for greet wronges that he hath had, dreding to have more.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.4.34 : He came to Onye and..thouȝ he was suspect to hym, counseilide hym for to go forth of asile.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.253 : Þey hadde hym suspecte as a lyere, for he hadde i-seide þat he hadde i-fonde lawes of Appolyn.
- (1395) Close R.Rich.II487 : I shall never more meynten..ne defend..conclusions ne techynges of ye lollardes..Ne I shall her bokes..ne hem or ony suspeit or diffamede of lollardery resceyve.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27325 : Wijf spuse-brek sal dern penance Do..Þat sco..be..noght suspect [Frf: susspecte] til hir husband.
- c1400 Wycl.Leaven Pharisees (Dub 244)2 : Al þis nouelrie of ordris is suspect of ypocrisie & luciferis pride.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1805 : He was hent..And..put vnder arest, For þei him had suspect in werkyng, Touching þe mordre of þe same kyng.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)352 : Men han hem [friars] suspect of heresie for many causis.
- (1432) Paston (Gairdner)2.35 : Where he shal have eny persone in his discrecion suspect of mysgovernance..he may putte hem from exercise and occupacion of the Kinges service.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.3134 : Tullius Reconsilede..To the lordshipe..of Iulius, Princes..That suspect stood bi accusaciouns.
- a1450(?1419-20) Topias (Dgb 41)91/599 : Who is oonis suspect, he is half honged.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)191/13 : He was ferd þerfor þat..no thevis sulde stele it from hym, or if so be at he boght or solde þer-with..he mond be suspecte.
- (c1460) Paston2.542 : Thomas Bury is a man of evell gouernaunce and right suspekte in heynows and grete maters.
- (1461) Collect.Anglo-Premonst.in RHS ser.3.1045 : Remove awaye fro me all my grete reproove, schame, derision in which I am knowne & had suspect.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)165/32 : But it is to me right bittir..that thou shuldist holde me suspect whan of othir mennys gilte I ber the moost sharpe penaunce.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)199/21 : Thou notyst me suspect of defaute of helpe and refuge.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)452 : Men shulden not trowe hem in þis, but haue hem suspect of errour.
- a1500(?a1410) Lydg.CB (Lnsd 699)168 : Have me nat suspectt, I meene but resoun [vr. no treson].
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)177/29 : They were gretly a-dredde and flowe a-way þat they schuld noȝt be holden suspect of manslawȝtur.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)180/33 : He and..his wyf lyued chaste..Neuertheles at the instigacion of the deuel he hadde hys wyf suspect with a knyȝt.
- a1500(a1471) Pecock Conf.in Benet Chron.(Dub 516)220 : All hereses..I have..abjured..requirynge..that they all suche bokys..and wrytyngys suspectus of heresyes delyver..to my sayd lord of Canterbury.
- -?-(1435) Doc.in Power Craft Surg.314 : If ony sich persoone or persoones so..haue the maistris..suspect of untrouthe..thanne in ony sich caas the maistris..to gouerne it in the manner forseid.
d
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.2341 : Olympiades..was douhtir to Neptolonius..hadde suspect how Neptanabus Bi enchauntement put hymsilff in pres Of wifli trouthe to make hir rekles.
1b.
Of questionable validity, doubtful; also, inadequately demonstrated [last quot.]; haven ~, to regard (papal law) as doubtful or doctrinally false; holden ~ in the feith, regard (sb.) as faulty in doctrine, hold (sb.) to be in error in the faith.
Associated quotations
- (1395) Wycl.37 Concl.(Tit D.1)78 : A! hou suspect semeth the determinacioun of Innocent the thridde..that the sacrament of the auteer is an accident withouten suget.
- (1395) Wycl.12 Concl.(Th 17)297 : Þe lawe of continence annexyd to presthod..inducith sodomie in al holy chirche; but we excusin us be þe bible for þe suspecte decre þat seyth we schulde not nemen it.
- c1400 Wycl.Dominion (Dub 244)291 : Ȝif þou seie þat popis lawe spekiþ oþer wise..haue þe popis lawe more suspette, siþ goddis lawe spekeþ þus.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)174/18 : Take heede..wheþer þis man..be holde and proued amonge goostli lyuers hooli and triewe..or ellis wheþer he be holde defectif or suspect in þe feiþ.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)132 : Suffre thou ordeyne..that the lawe and the feith..be receyved..undir this examinacioun..ellis it myȝte be holde..a ful suspect thing to alle hem that schulde be convertid therto.
1c.
Mistrustful, suspicious; ~ of, suspicious of (sb. or sth.).
Associated quotations
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)528/27 : A noble man of Rome þat was suspecte [L suspicius] of his wyfe..sayd he wolde lefe hur.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)99/32 : No man may assure that persone that is affrayed in his owne conscience For iniquite is suspecte and a lyer vpon himself.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)31/32 : Of hov gret perel maist þou make þe fre..if þou be now euermore dredful & suspecte of deþe!
2.
(a) Uncertain, in doubt; not fully known or comprehended; haven ~, to be uncertain about the lineage or race of (children); (b) haven ~ as not fulli favourable, to view (the first person of the Trinity) as being somewhat unfavorable, suspect (God the Father) to be less favorably inclined; (c) ~ to ben made, ?to suspect (a medical condition) exists or is present.
Associated quotations
a
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)113/839 : Alle tymes beþ suspecte to me, and we be passid on þis suspect tyme neiȝ two hundrid ȝeer.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)269b/b : Þis addre, aspis, grieueþ nought þe affers, men of affrica, and maures, ffor þey takeþ here children þat þey haueþ suspecte and doþ hem to þis addre, and if þe children beþ of here kynde þis addre, aspis, grieueþ hem nought.
- c1400 PLove (Hrl 2254)133/6 : Ihesu þi loued shal ay hide him fro þe..but he wole shewe hym whenne hym luste..he shal absente hym fro þe and pleye with þe þus comande & goande vn-til þou be made so bisi for to kepe hym þat þou be not siker for to holde hym, but þat al be suspecte to the, boþe his comynge and his goynge.
b
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)18 : Ȝif the persone of the fader schulde doo this dede [the Atonement] for his drede and myȝt, mercy and pees myȝte sumwhat haue him suspecte as not fully fauorable to hem.
c
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)248/21 : After þat soche a þirstinge is suspecte [L suspicatur] to be made in þe pannycles, it is supposed þat the wirchinge schulde not avayle.
3.
Med. (a) Of a patient: at risk, in danger; of an ailment, a wound, remedy, treatment: full of risk, dangerous, uncertain as to outcome; of unnatural sleep: harmful; also, with inf.: at risk (to develop complications); (b) ben ~ to, of a wound, treatment, etc.: to be prone to (a complication or morbid condition), be susceptible to, be likely to lead to.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)77b/a : Slepe..if it is temperat..releueþ a seke man and bodeþ þat kinde schal haue þe victorie & maistrie of þe euel..If slepe doþ þe con[t]rarye, he is suspecte.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)130/249 : Uryn blak..is suspecte & perlyous.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)11b/a : Þe operacions aboute þe commissurez bene suspect of þe falling of dura mater vpon pia mater & of compression of þe brayn.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)52b/b : In suspecte wondez [Ch.(2): in wounded men þat ben suspecte] it is to bide for to deme & for to depose 7 daiez forþi þat for comenly within sich tyme þer be wonte for to appere þe accidentez, gode and yuel, of febre..& of spasme & of lich þingez.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)162b/b : Þe wirching of þe actual fire is more symple and lesse hurteþ þe nyȝ partiez and þe principal membrez þan þe wirching of a ruptory, which is mych suspecte to principal membrez.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)154a/b : In what place of a mannus bodie þat cordes, nerues, veynes, and synewes, and manye bones ben & litil fleisch, ȝif þer be a wounde, it is heuye and gretelye suspecte, be cause þat þe pacient ofte tymes..falleþ in to a frensye, and ofte tymes in to a spasme, and þenne dieþ.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)154b/a : Euerye wounde þat perseþ to þe concauite of þe brest oþer off þe bodie oþer to þe inner pellikels of þe wombe is hugelye noyous to þe pacient and suspecte to þe surgene.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)144/36 : Þe cretik squynancie is suspecte, for..crisis wiþ apostemes..is maliciouse.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)174/27 : Moreouer þe kyttynge of þise passiouns is suspecte to turne to moche bledynge and to cancres.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)193/19 : Þis sewynge is profitable also to sewe þe intestynes..Neuerþelatter it is suspecte, for when a poynte is broken þe oþere ben lousede.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)127/25 : Ȝewe nowght þis claret to ony þat be woundyd in þe heed, for in swyche woundys wyn and hony ben suspecte.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)49b/a : Inscisioun of þise passionez is suspecte to emorogiez and cancrositeez.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)98a/a : In þe restauracioun it [fracture] nedeþ grete extension; Grete extension..is suspecte to þe spasme.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)226/26 : Woundes of synowes..ben ful of apostemes and suspecte to the crampe and to rauing.