Middle English Dictionary Entry
streinen v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | streinen v.(1) Also strein(e, streignen, strain(e, straini, stren(e, streni, stranen, strinen & (errors) streymyn, steryne; ppl. streining(e, etc. & (error) strayng; p.ppl. streined(e, etc. & istreined, istreinet, isstreinned, istreind, istreignede, streingned, istrained, strenned & (error) streyneth. |
Etymology | From OF estrei(g)n-, estrai(g)n-, estren-, AF streign-, strain-, pr. stem of OF estreindre, estraindre, estrendre, AF streindre, straindre; cp. L stringere & ME streinen v.(2). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. stressen v.
1.
(a) To tie (sth.), bind, fasten; gird (sb., a part of the body); also fig.; ~ togeder(es; (b) to confine or restrain (sb., a part of the body, an animal, an idol) physically; also fig.; (c) to restrict or restrain (sb. or sth.); also, keep (sb. away from sth.); restrain (the sensory power from physical desire); (d) to bind (sb., oneself, one's soul, a kingdom) by oath, word, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.75 : The straples were istreynd harde ynouȝ with knottes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.29.5 : Þou schalt cloþ aaron with his cloþis..þat þou schalt streyn [WB(2): bynde; L constringes] with a gyrdyll.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)63a/a : Þe bones ben bounden & streyned [L constricta] togedres wiþ certeyn synowis.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)52b/b : Þe schulder..is streined alle aboute wiþ grete cordes.
- ?a1425 WBible(2) Gloss.Ecclus.(Cld E.2)45.9 : A girdil maad of dyuerse colours..is seid a girdil of riȝtfulnesse, for it streynede togidere the prestis clothis, as riȝtfulnesse of the lawe refreynede vnordenat maneris.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)192/31 : Þe tayles of two þredes be streyned [*Ch.(1): ar y-strayned; L stringuntur].
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)479 : Streymyn' [Win: Streynyn]: Stringo, astringo, constringo.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)1.14.6 : Thorugh which pyn ther goth a litel wegge..that streynith all these parties to-hepe.
- a1450 12 PTrib.(3) (Bod 423)86/20 : By that he [God] clepith the tribulacions his bondes he yeueth to vnderstonde that he bynde him with his frendes in her tribulacions and streyneth him to hem [F s'estraint uers euz].
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)180/25 : The stoole strenynge [SC(1): stringens] the breste in maner of the cros be-tokenez that he owez not to be schamede of the cros of Criste.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)7207 : Thow requeryst..With a gyrdel off ryhtwysnesse, Thy reynys strongly for to streyne [F estraindre], fflesshly lustys to refreyne.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.5.4a : In preiere he felith þe þouȝht of his hert drawe vp fro alle erthly thinges, streyned to gedre with al þe miȝhstes of hit, vpstiȝende in to oure lord.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)416 : Þei..aunter hem þider, Strained in stel-ger on steedes of might.
b
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Cmb Gg.1.1)928 : Par les arozouns en ius fermes Sunt les bœfs cy forte arcez [glossed:] streingned [vr. ysstreynned].
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prols.Jer.(Bod 959)58 : Now þe bondis of þe enemys hadden streyned þe hondis.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 22.25 : Thei hadden streyned [WB(2): hadden boundun; L astrinxissent] hym with boondis, or roopis.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)176 : A stede ful stif to strayne, In brawden brydel quik, To þe gome he watz ful gayn.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)7181 : Þai salle be with þa bandes brynand In helle hard bonden, both fote and hand And straytely streyned ilka lym.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 16.24 : He putte hem in þo inner prisone, ande he strayned [L strinxit] þer fete in a tree.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.57/26 : Encresynge her woodenes, y-streyned she was yn streyghte bondys.
- c1450(1438) GLeg.St.Barth.(GiL116) (Eg 876)75/10 : Youre god is harde strened and bounde with cheines of yren that he dare not ones brethe ne speke.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)206 : She hadde sett oon of hire feet up on my brest for to streyne me.
- a1500(?c1414) ?Brampton PPs.(1) (Sln 1853)p.11 : Lord, drawe hym to the with a brydel..And streyne here chekys fro woordys ydell That kan noȝt holdyn here tungys stylle.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)263/21 : Huych mayne to moche slac and wylles uol ssel by bote yef þe ilke uaderes stefhede hise strayny and ordayny.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)119/6 : Before er man synnid was þe sensualite..obedyent vnto þe wille..But now it is not so, for bot ȝif it be reulyd by grace in þe wille..for to streyne it fro luste in presence of needful lykyng..elles wil it wrechidly & wantounly weltre.
- c1440 HBk.GDei (Thrn)7/3 : Manes will es fre till ill, to it be streyned & turned agayne with grace.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3436 : Lord, lete vs neuere fro þe fle, Ner streyne vs neuere in stresse.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)74 : Þe loue of Goddis lawe..schuld streyn men fro þis office.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)31b/22 : Streyne his diet till þe humours staunche her rennyng.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.30.3 : Ȝif eny of men..hym self by ooþ streynede, he schal not make at nouȝt his word.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.30.9 : He makeþ at nouȝt alle..þe wordys by þe whiche she straynede [WB(2): boond; L obstrinxerat] hure soule.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.109 : Kyng Kanute..þat he myȝte streyne [L astringeret] þe reme of Engelond more faste unto hym, wedded..Emme the queene.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)21 : I, Richard..quyte and assoyle Erchebysshopes..Lordes and alle myn other Liege me[n]..ffrom all maner bondes of Liegeaunce..in which they weren or ben bounden to me, or in eny other wyse Streynyd.
2.
(a) To stretch, extend; also, of humors: ?cause a sensation of stretching; ~ oute; (b) to stretch (sth.), extend; draw (sth.) tight, tighten; make taut (a string of a musical instrument); ~ oute (forth); ~ togederes, draw (edges of a wound) together; (c) to stretch (Christ on the cross); stretch (Christ's body) on the cross; ~ forth, stretch out (someone's feet) on the ground; ~ oute, stretch out (Christ's arms) on the cross; stretch out (sb. on the ground over coals); ppl. streined, stretched out; (d) ~ courteisie, to engage in overelaborate debate, stand on ceremony; ~ text, stretch the meaning of a text, overextend the application of a text; (e) refl. to exert oneself; exert oneself (to do sth.); also, exert (one's heart); overexert (a part of the body), strain.
Associated quotations
a
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)120/30 : In hir creping, þe senewes whech were contract..brak and streyned oute.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)58b/b : Greet multitude of humouris..brekiþ þe membre aboute þe wounde..Cold matere streyneþ & drie matere kuttiþ.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)4859 : Thus [read: This] wounde strayned; þe blode oute rane.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)94/26 : Whan the eye liddes streynen [Lambeth: reche] to þe temples, than is he envious.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.377 : Mercurius..putte seuene strenges to þe harpe..and streyned [L strinxit] hem in þis manere.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.377 : Whan þis snayl was i-roted, þe senewes were i-streyned [Higd.(2): were extente; L extendebantur] with ynne þe skyn of þe snayles hous.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)82/18 : It is good to..streyne þi ligature at þe ground of þi wounde & bynde it losely at þe mouþ of þe wounde.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)105/13 : In empistonies þe necke is crokid..& þe fyngris of his hand ben streyned [L extenduntur] bacward.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)297/10 : Binde it [wart] wiþ a strong þreed & streine wel þe þred & drawe him awei wiþ þe þreed.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)28/16 : Lerne to tempre þin harpe þat þe strenges be wel streyned whanne Crist wol sende his angelis.
- c1410 Trev.Higd.(Add 24194)3.211 : In eiþer party of þe streng þe soun schal be diapason ȝif þe streng is y-streyned and touched.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.6530 : Women..doon ther dilligent labour..Ther reuelid skyn abrod to drawe & streyne..to make hem smothe & pleyne.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.268 : If thy vynes footes iiij ascende, Then armes iiij is goode forth forto streyne.
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)352/11 : In an harpe, þe strynges..streyned and wasted ȝeuen a swete sowne.
- a1475 *Gilb.Angl.(Wel 537)289/23 : Þer falliþ into þe bladdir grete plente of vrin þat streineþ þe bladdir.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)13b/b : Þis corde meueþ þe lymes to þe wille of þe soule whanne þat it is schortid ouþer streyned aftir þat þat þe lyme bowiþ.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)63b/b : Fastne þe þreed togideris wiþ two knottis so þat þe wounde be wel streyned togideris.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)148/12 : Þu schuldys walke esyly a lytil..and alle þi membrys..strech and streyn owte euynly on lenght.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1082 : Richard..strayned hys styrapys; nere thay nouȝt y-lore.
- a1500(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Dub 213)33/840* : Þat oþer..hym rightes in þe sadyll, Stranes owt hys sterops & sternly lokez.
- a1500 As I walkyd vppon (Hnt HM 183)99 : Gula..straynyth my stomake strayte.
c
- c1390(?a1325) LChart.Chr.A (Vrn)643/78-9 : I was..strayte I-streynet on þe Rode, Streyned to druye on Rode-tre, As parchemyn oweþ for to be.
- c1390 Talking LGod (Vrn)6/7 : Þou henge for my loue streyned on Roode, þin Armes wyde I spradde.
- c1400(a1349) Rolle MPass.(1) (Cmb Ll.1.8)24/170 : Gloryouse Lord, so doolfully dyȝte, So rewfully streynyd upryȝt on þe cros.
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)50/24 : Þi bodi is streyned as a perchemyn skynne vpon a racke.
- a1425 HBk.GDei (Hnt HM 148)85/9 : He was strenned on þe croice þat layd was on þe erth.
- c1440(?a1400) ?Nassyngton Trin.& U.(Thrn)235 : Sithen was þou straynede on þe crosse so faste Thurghe þe Iewes þat þi vaynes & synows al to-braste.
- c1440 Bonav.Medit.(3) (Thrn)205 : They threwe hym wyde opyne one þe crosse and strenede oute his armes with gret violence.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)19/16 : Caste down þin eyghe..as þogh þou sigh lyghing afore þe crist Jhesu streynid vpon a crosse and he with þe crosse to gedres lifte vp on high.
- a1475 Rev.St.Bridget(3) (Gar 145)17/12 : Seynte Laurance..was streynede oute apon the coles.
- c1475 St.Patr.Purg.(2) (Brm)p.93 : He sawe þer men..yn to þe erth naylyd fast..þe fyndys..To don hym peyne..wer all bone; They fettyn forthe naylys stronge..Whyll þat þey streynyd forth hys fete.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1049 : Lor, þat..were on Rode streynyd euery lyth..be my warant.
- c1500 Stations Jerus.(Ashm 61)335 : Thus was he strenyd on a tre That bouȝht vs all.
d
- (?c1425) Hoccl.Jonathas (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)643 : He thoghte nat to make it qweynte and tow, And seye nay and streyne courtesie, But with right good wil thidir he gan hye.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)58 : Summen strynen [alt. to: streynen] thilk text forto speke of the writing which we han now of the Newe Testament.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)231 : The fryers straynyd curtesy whoo sholde answery hym.
e
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)269a/a : A serpent..whanne he swolweþ a bridde..furst arereþ himself and afterwarde ryueþ and streyneþ himself [L se restringit] for to þe þynge þat he swolweþ passe inward.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)273/1 : Whanne he sittiþ at priuy he schal not streyne him-silf to harde.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)14.233 : Whan he streyneth hym to streche, þe strawe is his schetes.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)551 : Þe fyrst bygonne to pleny And sayden þat þay hade trauayled sore: 'Þese bot on oure hem con streny; Vus þynk vus oȝe to take more.'
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)87/5 : Bewar in þis werk & streyne not þin herte in þi brest ouer-rudely ne oute of mesure; bot wirche more wiþ a list þen wiþ any liþer strengþe.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)505/16 : When þat he wille goo to þe sege..he schal not streyne hym [*Ch.(1): coarte or payne not hym selfe; L non coartet se] but also litel as he may.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.Say.Nightingale (Trin-C R.3.20)73 : Þis bridde..Singeþe as þat she wolde hir-self dismembre, Streyneþe hir throte, peyneþe hir brest.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2809 : Slike a seknes for-sothe is on my-selfe halden Þat I ne may streyne me ne stere.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1086/1 : Sir Launcelot strayned hymselff so straytly..that the bottom of hys wounde braste.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)2.35.113a : Summe louers of god..maken hem self for to luf god as it were bi here owne miȝt, for þei streyn hem selfyn þurgh grete violence & panten so strongly þat þei bresten in to bodily feruours.
3.
(a) To apply pressure; apply pressure to (sth.), press, push; press together (the edges of a wound); extract (juice), deprive (a plant) of fruit or juice; ~ togeder; ~ on, put (a ring) on (a finger); (b) to strain liquids; put (sth.) through a strainer, cloth, etc., strain; also, ppl. streined as adj.; (c) to hold something tightly; hold (sb. or sth.) tightly, grip, squeeze, pinch; also fig.; clasp (one's hands upon sb.); (d) to embrace (sb., a body, a neck), hug, clasp; also, embrace (hell), grasp at; -- used fig.; (e) to torment (sb.), torture, punish; oppress (people), overcome; of sickness, emotion, etc.: afflict (sb., a part of the body, an animal), weaken, overcome.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.6.14 : Yif thou desirest or wolt usen grapes, ne seek thou nat with a glotonos hand to streyne and presse the stalkes of the vyne in the first somer sesoun.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)87b/a : Holde þin honde apon þe wounde stedefastlie, sumdele streynyng þe lippes wiþ a plumasole of towe.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)90b/a : Anoþer roller..schal ben ledde in þe same maner apon þe wounde..streinynge & relaxinge as was seide aforne.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)90b/b : Sewe þe endes [of the rollers] oþer binde hem þat þei mowe not lousene, ffor why euerye moste streine menelie & neiþer to muchel neiþir to litil.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)155a/a : Ȝif a wounde be kitte and no þinge be kitte aweie, it sufficeþ forto streine þe wounde to gider and bynde it.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)188/29 : The seuenþe instrument beþ streynynge [*Ch.(1): impellenciez, i. puttyng in; L impellentia], holwe..and defe.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)307/31 : Sometyme it is nede þat, if the arerynge vp were grete, to streyne [L stringere] it wiþ a plate of lede.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)348/11 : In reducynge, it byhoueþ to stracche þe þighes and to streyne þe hepe and, as it is possible, to reduce it.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)504/3 : Þat þe clyfte or stracchinge out be streynede togidre.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)147b/a : A man schal holden his hond þer vpon and..streyne þe lippis of þe wounde bitwixe his hond.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)122a : To Strene Iuse or herbys: Exsuccare.
- a1500 Goo lytell ryng (Roy 17.D.6)5 : Goo, lytell ryng..knell doune at hyr ffete bescheyng [read: besechyng] hyr she wold not dysdayene On hur smalle fyngerys the to steryne [read: streyne].
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)20a/26 : Make A tente not to gret ne to long but suche one that he streyn not þe synewe.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.538 : Thise cokes..stampe and streyne and grynde And turnen substaunce in to accident.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)317b/b : Vynegre is y-sode wiþ necessarie herbes..& þanne þe vynegre is y-streyned and y-clensed.
- c1400 Sln.468 Cook.Recipes (Sln 468)83.1/7 : Take blaunched almaundes & grynde hem smale & tempre hem with whit wyn, & streyne hem.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)86a : Strayne that lecour in to a clene vessell.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)160b/b : Stampe freische erbis..and do þe same streyned oynement to þe freische erbis.
- a1450 Dur-CRO.Bk.Hawking (Dur-CRO Roll D/X/76/7)32/180 : Tak burseworth and planter [read: plantain] and bray hem and stren hem thurgh a fayre clothe.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)6 : Take þe water þat þe beef was soþin yn an strayne it þorw a straynowr.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)116/21 : Strongly streyne it thorow a clene, strong cloth with two stronge stonys.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.9 : Take ryse and loke þou wasshe hom clene, And þorowgh a strynour þou hom strene.
- a1475 Limn.Bks.(Brog 2.1)78 : Set hit one the fyre to hit boyle, and than strayne hit throȝe a bagge of canvas.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)85/15 : Lat þe sethinge be steryd and strenyd to it bycome cleer.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.3.22 : Þe pomel folwede þe yrun in þe wounde, &..wiþ most fat grese hit was streyned [WB(2): was holdun streite; L stringeretur].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 27.23 : Fro his hond fleeynge he shal fleen; he shal streynen [L stringet] vp on hym his hondis & whistlen vp on hym.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1071 : Wel he felt..For everi tere which that Criseyde asterte, The crampe of deth to streyne hym by the herte.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2684 : Pite by the herte hire streyneth so..That thryes doun she fyl.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)184 : Gaggyn, or streyne be the þrote: Suffoco.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)307/19 : A wulfe ouercome a damysell & gatt hur be þe arm..& euer when sho cryed he wolde strene hur sore.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)184 : Anguishe..so harde presseth troubel herte, that it thinketh it is streyned [F estraint] in a pressour shet with a vys.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)203 : Bi the throte thei tooken me to streyne [F mangonner] me.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)17528 : I Gryppe and streyne lyk a Gryffoun, And faste I holde..ech metal.
- a1475 Hrl.Diseases Hawk A (Hrl 2340)30 : Þe hote crampe tykyllyth hir [hawk] in þe foote, þt whan sche schuld holde hire fowle and streyne hir, for tykyllyng sche lattes hyr go.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)5/5 : With hir armes she streyned me so sore that me semyd myn harte had ben as a presse.
- a1500 Peterb.Lapid.(Peterb 33)p.116 : Pirite is a stone..His kend is to be towched lyȝtly..& yf a man streyn him hard he wol bren his hond.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.33.4 : Esau, rynnyng to meeten with his broþer..& streynyng his necke & kyssyng, wepte.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1753 : He that nyght in armes wolde hir streyne Harder than euere Parys dide Eleyne.
- a1400 Rolle Encom.Jesu (Hrl 1022)191 : Sche streyned me so stalworthle þat I had na mouth to speke, ne na hand to styrre.
- c1400 Aelred Inst.(1) (Vrn)49/977 : Byhald hou..faste he streyneþ it [Christ's body] to is breste.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1205 : This Troilus in armes gan hire streyne.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)101/31 : Helle is strayned of hem wiþ hatrede, and or euere þat þei come to helle, here þei haue take it for her hyre and reward.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)102/5 : Þat goodnes þei biclippen wiþ aarmes of loue and streynen me to hem in þe laste eende of her liif.
- a1500 Lamb.Mir.Virg.(Lamb 432)325/5 : This Abbott..sawe the likenesse of the gloriouse virgyne straynyng her son in her armys.
e
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.31.40 : Day & niȝt with hote & cold I was streyned [WB(2): angwischid].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)275b/b : Cameles..haueþ þe podagre..and by þe podagre here feet ben y-streignede.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1540 : Such a dasande drede dusched to his hert..Þe stronge strok of þe stonde strayned his joyntes, His cnes cachches to close, and cluchches his hommes.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.Pars.(Hrl 7334)I.273 : So mochil am I streyned [vrr. peyned, pynyd] for þe þinges þat I neuer deseruyd.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1826 : Sodeyn Ire doth his hert streyne.
- c1430 Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Cmb Gg.4.27)F.820 : Desyr of hise presens so hire streynyth [vrr. distreyneth, constreyneth] That al this wyde world sche sette at nouȝt.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)9.2607 : The..reulers of the toun..To Gaulteer gaff this domynacioun, Of entent the comouns to oppresse..Streyne men of crafft be froward violence.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)54/14 : Whan sche sawe þe body..sche was streyned [Othea: oppressed] with so mervelous a sorowe that, [etc.].
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)5232 : To sorwyn & wepyn þei feyn, As þow þe prongys of deth dede streyn Here hert-root.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3121 : If he be fallen vndire fote & his folke streyned And vencust of oure violence, quat vailis him his hestis?
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Rhyme WA (Hrl 2251)84 : With suche dedis, Lord, thow vs avaunce, That we be neuer streyned with worme nor mought.
- a1500 Partenay (Trin-C R.3.17)1406 : Vnto tham come certes myght not he..Strayned with seknesse..Wounded and hurt.
- a1500 Tundale (Adv 19.3.1)1447 : Men that ar of muche myght That don to pore men wrong and vnryght..And streyn the pore..Thei aron prynces of wykydnes.
4.
(a) To exert a compelling force; constrain (sb. or sth.), control, compel, urge; -- ?also refl. [quot. c1395]; make (sb.) go, impel, lead; urge on (work), hasten; (b) with inf.: to compel (sb., one's heart to do sth.); (c) in personification: streined abstinence, abstinence streined, Forced Abstinence.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Par.34.12 : Prouostis of þe wercmen weren Jabath & Abdias..þat streynedyn [WB(2): hastiden; L urgebant] þe werc.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4439 : I ne kan nat bulte it to the bren..Wheither that goddes..wityng streyneth [vr. streigneþ] neuer a del But by necessitee condicioneel.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.144 : Ye wol..To that I neuere erst thoghte streyne me.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)234 : Styffe stremes and streȝt hem strayned a whyle, Þat drof hem dryȝlych adoun þe depe to serue.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)691 : By wayez ful streȝt he con hym strayn, And scheued hym þe rengne of God.
- c1400(?c1383) Wycl.VSacerd.(Bod 647)240 : Whosoevere approves þis, confermes hit, or streynes hit, he synnes ageyns God.
- a1425(?a1400) Epistle DStirrings (Hrl 674)62/17 : It is ful perilous to streine þe kynde to any soche werk of deuocioun..bot it be ledde þerto bi grace.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)50/8 : Louynge douȝtir, þi teeris streynen me..And ȝoure feruent desier biendiþ me.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)101/9 : A lufar sothely wilfully & gladly wyrkys; þerfore in his wark he has no wrechidnes, bot he is happy, not strenyd [L coactus].
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)5242 : A po..enherytyd alle Argus eyne Whan Marcuryis whystyl hym dede streyne To hys deed slepe.
- ?a1450 Sel.Rosarium Theol.(Cai 354/581)94/26 : Þe charite forsoþ of Criste streyneþ vs.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4434 : I ne kan nat bulte it to the bren..Wheither that goddes worthy forewityng Streyneth me nedely for to doon a thyng.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.Pars.(Hrl 7334)I.104 : Whan a man haþ synned openly..holy chirche by iuggement streyneth him to doon open penaunce.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7629 : His herte hym streyned so Vnto the Rose forto go.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)1538 : Ioseph was streyned to wedde mary.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)220 : God..streyneth folk to love, malgre her hed.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)152/4539 : Yowre departyng Is me felyng The deth strayng [read: straynyng] Myn hert to die.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)421 : Ȝif a prelat..streyne þe puple aȝenus þer wille to ȝyue þer almes..þei ben þe fendis proctours.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)31b/16 : Let hym stond x days bot if on of theis thre þinges strene þe to chaunge it.
c
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7323 : Myn lemman, streyneth [read: streyned] abstinence [F Contrainte-Astenance], Hath myster of my purueaunce.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7364 : Dame abstinence streyned Toke on a Robe of kamelyne.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)7481 : 'Sir,' sayd Strayned Abstynaunce, [etc.].
5.
(a) To confine (sth.), limit; bound (a country); restrict (sb. to the use of a certain term), limit; bring together (written words), collect; constrict (sth.), narrow; also, straiten the circumstances of (sb.); (b) to harden (sth.) by freezing or trampling; also fig.; stiffen (the body); contract (a sinew); ~ togeder; (c) to cause or promote cicatrization or knitting of a wound [last quot]; cause constipation [next to last quot.]; stanch (blood, menstruation); stop (a vein, a wound) from bleeding; stop up (sth.), obstruct [1st quot.]; ~ wombe, check the movement of the bowels; ppl. streininge, stanching (blood); also, styptic, astringent, binding.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 20.22 : Whan he shal ben fulfild he shal ben streyned [WB(2): schal be maad streit; L arctabitur].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)181a/b : Spayne..is y-streynede with þe see Galbantum.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)23/16 : Hold we vs komelynges and pilgrymes in oure prysoun, straynyng oure loue withinne þe hestes of God.
- a1425(?a1400) PCounsel.(Hrl 674)153/18 : I kan not telle þee þe worþines of þis werk wiþ my boystouse beestly tonge, & God forbede þat it scholde be so defoulid in it-self for to be streynid vnder þe steringes of a fleschly tonge! Nay, it may not be..For al þat is spokyn of it is not it, bot of it.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.186 : And that thou streyne [F contraingnez; L adstringas] me to this name of necessite, certes I wol wel confessen and byknowen a thing of ful sad trouthe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)0a/b : I shal streyne [L perstringam] with a moderate compendiosite þe principale..seiyngz of wisemen which þay haue treted in..diuerse bokes of Cirurgie.
- (1445) ?Bokenham Claudian CS (Add 11814)271/158 : Thi writyng testifieth thi yiftes be not streyned; In noon smal boke thei may be writen.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)196 : Stringuria..streyneþ þe meates and veynes [?read: weyes] of þe vryne.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.57 : The see callede Pontus..is streynede also into vj c passes.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)43a/a : Þer is a lacerte in þe bladdre necke the which whanne he is streyned withholdiþ þe vryne.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 38.30 : In þe licnesse of a ston watris ben hardid & þe vttermost of þe se is streyned to-gidere.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 41.15 : His herte shal ben inwardly hardid as a ston & shal ben streyned [WB(2): streyned togidere; L stringetur] as þe stiþie of an hamer betere.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)170a/a : Þe feelde is..y-streyned [L constringitur] with froste and with coolde and y-sweled wiþ heete.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)105/15 : Al þe bodi is stif & streyned, as a staf were putt yn at his necke & out at his ers.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)7.13 : Weet the londe, Do beestis smale in hit to stire and stonde And make hem rowte abowte & trede & strayne Hit wel.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)95b/b : Þe senewis þat ben in þe hyndere part of his body ben streyned in so myche þat his necke and his heed ben..crokid bakward.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)95b/b : Jn..Thetanus..al þat bodi is streyned and maad as it were a planke.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)25a/b : Ȝif we..holdiþ stille þe breþ we feliþ not þe stinkinge eir þat comeþ in atte noseþrilles, And þat is for þilke smale gobettis I-strained [L opilate] ben I-stoppid by a wilful meuynge; A[l]s þis gobettis ben holowȝ and ful of holes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)223b/a : Ivy is swiþe medicinal..þe vertu þerof is streynynge [L stiptica et constrictiua], and helith þerfore þe bloody flux.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)300/21 : Sumtyme a veine wole breke in þe piyse or in þe lungis & þan þat veine mai not be streyned ne stoppid.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)158a/a : Be þe place emplastred wiþ bolo armeniaco..And oþer þat streyneth blode.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)79/20-21 : Puluer of vitriol combuste streyneþ blode in euery place if it be putte by itself or with iuyse of any herbe streynyng blode.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)210/4 : A wounde nedeþ to be dreyed and to be streynede [*Ch.(1): stiptiked]..and wyne doþ þise two.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)280/33 : When þai [medicines] echen forsoþe into þe softnes of þe vlcer, þan it byhoueþ to put þerto streynynge medecynes.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)31/14 : For þe flix..Tak þe mylke of a cowe..& tak als mekill of gud red wyne..& drynke it ofte &..it sall strene thi wambe.
- a1500 Bod.EMisc.Lapid.(BodEMisc e.558)32/254 : The pouder of geete..streynith a womannes nature benethe whenne she is brennyd.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)23b/19 : This water..comfortith þe stomake and defendith fumosites to go to the hede and it streynith [L constipat] not.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)24b/8 : Þe thyng that streynyth [L consolidatiuum] holdith the wheter with in, and so all þe lyme rotethe.
6.
(a) To spread (sth.), carry, transmit; ppl. streininge as adj.: carrying; (b) ppl. streined, of a pavilion: covered or painted (with a coat of arms); -- ?error for steined, p.ppl. of steinen v. 3.(b).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.5 : Of þe whiche þinges our litel konnynge myȝte nouȝt take knowleche..but besines of writers to oure vnkunnynge hadde..i-streyned [L transfunderet] mynde of olde dedes.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)153/12 : Take oile of rosis..wex..streyne it on a clooþ, & leie it on þe nucha þat is hurt.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)68/27 : Þe vesselles of sperme..ben twofolde: þat is to wete, þe streynynge [*Ch.(1): dilatorie, i. beryng; L delatoria] vesselles and þe vesselles þat þrowen oute.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)68/37 : Þe þre forsaide bodyes comen downe fro aboue: þe streynynge veynes and berynge arteries and þe synowe.
b
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)330 : Paled & paynted þe paueloun was vmbe, Stoked ful of storijs, strayned [vr. steynyd] myd armys Of quaynte colour to know.
7.
Ppl. streininge, ?mistransl. of L arcuata curved, perh. confused with ar(c)tata constrained.
Associated quotations
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)191/3 : I..make þerto soche a rolle..in kyttynge it on þat one side..and in sewynge it hemmyngly on þe streynynge [*Ch.(1): arcuate or bowed; L arcuata] and kytte partie.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450(1438) GLeg.Augustine (GiL117) (Eg 876) 629/443 : He receiued it worshipfully and kepte it in gret cherete and mani a tyme leide it to his mouthe and to hys eyen and strengid [F estraingnoit] it reuerently to his brest.
Note: Editor: "strengid it reuerently: estraingnoit S, 'pressed'; MED strengen v.(1) does not record this sense, and this should perhaps be regarded as an aberrant spelling for streynid."
Note: New spelling (with a g).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1465 Eg.2852 Stain.Recipes (Eg 2852) 103/10 : Whenne þu makyst þy coloures þu maist asayȝe bi þy clout ȝif hit þe goud or no, and þenne streyne þy cloþ vppon a bed of hey as strayt as þu mist.
Note: Additional quot., prob. sense 2.(b).
- a1400 Trin-C O.9.39 Recipes (Trin-C O.9.39) 62/37 : Sette þy panne with þy quynces ouere þe fire and seþe hem wel vntil þey be tendre ynowh forto streyne.
Note: Additional quot., prob. sense 3.(a) or (b).