Middle English Dictionary Entry
stablishen v.
Entry Info
Forms | stablishen v. Also stablish(e, stablis(se(n, stablich, stablisce, stablisen, stablice; p. stablished, etc. & stablist, stabelished, (errors) stablisch, stabyssheled; ppl. stablished, etc. & istab(e)lished, stab(i)list, stableshed, stabelichet, stabelised, stabilished, stabilishte, stabulisched, (error) ystabist. |
Etymology | From OF establiss-, extended stem of establir; cp. stāblen v.(1). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. enstablishen v., establishen v.
1.
(a) To establish (a kingdom, college, etc.), found; create (an office); also, organize (a monastery); ~ and founden, founden and ~, establish and endow (an institution); ~ on, establish (the kingdom of the Jews) upon (God); (b) to bring (heaven, the human body, etc.) into a fixed, ordered existence; ordain (a lifespan, the natural order, etc.) by divine decree; also, impose (a condition) [quot. a1500 Chartier]; ?also, make a disposition [quot. a1382]; (c) to institute (a sacrament, practice, etc.); enact (a law, an ordinance, etc.); -- also with that clause, sometimes with grammatical subj. hit; ordeinen and ~; ~ to, provide (a code of law) for (sb.); (d) to prescribe (hours of worship); regulate (an activity); decree (a penalty).
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)2 Kings 7.26 : The hows of thi seruaunt Dauid schal be stablischid byfor the Lord.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Is.48.2 : Thei ben clepid of the hooli citee and ben stablischid on the God of Israel.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)4/2 : Mi scole wil i stablis to godis seruise.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)44/25 : Yef þe howse may forþe it sua, þan sal it be stablist o þis maner, þat þe water & þe milne and bakehuse and breuhuse..be with-in þe gard.
- (1447) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1p.lxiii : Youre moost noble grace hath newely ordeined and stablisshed a Collage of Seint Bernard in the Vniversite of Cambrigge.
- (1447) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1353 : I..took vnto my silf the rule of my saide Roiames forto erect, founde, and stablisshe..my two Colleges Roialx.
- (1455) Lin.DDoc.74/35,75/3 : I wol that my feoffes..paie xx li. yerly to the susteyning of my said Chauntrye..vnto the tyme my said Chauntery be full stabulisched and fownded..And after the said Chauntery stabulisched and founded of xx li. of lyvelode, I wol my feoffies..make astate to my next heire.
- (1459) Paston (EETS)1.88 : John Fastolff..in purpos..to [fo]unde and stablissh withynne the gret mansion at Castre..a college of vij religious men..ordeyned that..John Paston shalle..doo founde and stablissh..a college.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)143 : It shalbe gode þat a..counsell be stableshed.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)165/29 : We haue said her befor..of the office and [read: of] the noblesse whiche be stablyshed for the garde and defence of the said people.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)44/18 : O Emperour full worthy, ordeyne scolehouses and stablissh studies in..thy reame.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)59 : Ye shall stablisshe the thirde table in the name of the trinite.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)58/30 : The high men, which stablischid principalitees..gadred togedir clerkes..to be conseruatours of the lawe.
- a1500 Dives & P.(Hrl 149)1.205 : Stablyshed [Htrn: Now holy chirche is woxsyn & þe feyth sproungyn and spred & stablyd in pes].
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)148.6 : Ȝe heuen of heuens..& alle þe waters þat ben vp heuens, herieþ þe name of our Lord..He stablist hem wyþ-outen ende.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.62.7 : Ȝee þat remembren þe lord..ne ȝyueþ scilence to hym to þe tyme þat he stablishe & to þe tyme þat he sette ierusalem preising.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2995 : That same prince and that same moeuere..Hath stabliced [vrr. stablissed, stablesshed]..Certeine dayes and duracioun To al that is engendred in this place.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.3.19 : The Lord foundide the erthe bi wisdom; he stablischide [L stabilivit] heuenes bi prudence.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.6.54 : Thilke devyne thought that is..put in the tour..of the simplicite of God stablissith [vr. stablisiþ] many maner gises to thinges that ben to done.
- c1475 Guy(4) (Cai 107/176)9777 : God..all weldande..stablyssheth both watre and londe.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)69/32 : Thurgh meene of Justice the hevens were created and stablisshed above the erthe.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)74/5 : He rewarded hym and stablisshed his body as a cite, and his intellect as kyng in it.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)57/13 : It is no doubte that lordeship and seruage be stablischid by the lawe of reason.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)23/58 : Wiste thou not wel that al the lawe of kynde is my lawe, and by god ordayned and stablisshed to dure by kynde resoun?
c
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)24.13 : Who is þe man þat douteþ our Lord? he stablist to him lawe in þe waie þat he ches.
- c1415 Chaucer CT.Pars.(Lnsd 851)I.921 : Þis is þe verrey maryage þat is ystabist [vr. stablisshed] be god ere þat sinne beganne.
- (1424) Let.Bk.Lond.I (Gldh LetBk I)289 : It is acorded and stablisshed in parliament..that takynnges and purveiances for the forseid housholdes be done by price made bi the Constables.
- (a1450) Code Laws in Willmore Hist.Walsall165 : It is ordeyned and stablished that the Mayer..shalbe openly sworn upon a prymer or the holy Evangelists.
- (?1450) *Assem.Bk.A Shrewsbury (ShropRRC 3365/67)f.34 : Willm Boerley and Rychard Sturi, Baylyfs..have ordeyned and stabelysed certeyne Articles for our seyd Crafte.
- (1454) Proc.Privy C.6.220 : It is full expedient, byhooffull, and necessarie to advise, ordeyne, and stablissh a sadde and a substanciall reule in the Kinges houshold.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)48/10 : Abraham..& many othire good men..loued God and stablisshid the circumcision that the Iuwes vsid.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)106/31 : Tho fayr an wyse customes that they at Rome stabelyshed in her rewles caused theim to be conquerrours thoroughe oute the worlde.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)107/18 : The Romayns had stablyshed a certayn honour whiche was called tryumphe.
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)18 : Hardeknoute..was the furst that began iiii meales stablyshed in oon day opynly to be holden.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)71/5 : Stablissh Justice in this that ben betwix the and thy peple.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)130/31 : Somtyme masses war stablisshed by suche people as dispraysed the temporall thinges.
- a1500 3rd Fran.Rule (Seton)47/32 : We..haue stabilyshte and ordeyned that all..shalbe examened diligently.
d
- c1415 Chaucer CT.Pars.(Lnsd 851)I.229 : Who so þat hadde þe science for to knowe þe peynes þat buen..ystablisshed for sinne, he wold maake sorwe.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)27/14 : Te lescun sal noht faile at mete; O þis maner sal þis be stabilist, þat nan ta þe boke at rede bot sho þat sal rede al þe wuke.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)34/19 : Þai ne sal noht leue þe vris þat ere stablist.
2.
(a) To appoint (a prince, king, etc.); also, create (a tribune); (b) to make (sb. sth.), ordain; appoint (the soul to be sth.); (c) to assign (sb.) a position or function; assign (sb. to be sth.); ?also, install (sb.) in an office [quot. a1470]; ~ in, assign (sb.) to (an office).
Associated quotations
a
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)49/20 : Thei stablisshid upon hem princis & kingis.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)172/11 : The auncient Romayns..for kepyng the parties of their commynte..stablisch [CQ(1): establisshed] the tribu[n]s of the people, whoos office was to..defende..the comons ayeinst the senatours.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)33/23,34/4 : Iff we beleue that therthely powers [vr. kyngs] weren stablischid by the power of heven, we shulde as wele beleue that He which made them maintenith them or if Him list canne vnmake them..Wherfor let vs beleve that Saul was the furst kinge which God furst stablischid.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)34/31 : Lerne of His doctrine which by Hym alone the kingis may reigne, seeng the furst kyng that He made and stablischid [vr. stabyssheled] He toke away the ceptre.
b
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)2.6 : Ich..am stablyst kyng of þat fader up heuen.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)90/28 : I ordeyned and stablisshed my soule to be kyng vpon my body.
c
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)8.6 : Þou corouned hym wyþ glorie and honur, and stablist [L constituisti] hym vp þe werkes of þyn hondes.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)119/36 : The kynge stablysshed all the knyghtes and gaff them rychesse and londys.
- (1474) Let.Christ Ch.in RS 85.3274 : The Kyng, callyng to his ripe remembrance the state that God of his grace hath stablysshed hym in..undirstandeth..that tranquillite, [etc.].
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)104/5 : Our lorde hathe stabyllysshed him in the office of lordeshippe.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)69/23 : The reame shall be his whom God hath chosen to and stablisshed hym vpon His seruauntes.
- c1500 Melusine (Roy 18.B.2)17/14 : There the lady Pressyne stablysshed a stronge geaunt to the sauegarde of the tresoure byfore said.
3.
(a) To set (sb. or sth.) firmly in place; -- used fig.; also, hold (sth.) firmly in place; also, plant (a tree); (b) to place (soldiers), arrange; settle (sb. in a place).
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)17.36 : God..made my fete lyȝt af of þe hertes and stablissand me up heȝe þynges.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)30.10 : Þou stablisced my fete in large stede.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)39.3 : He stablist my fete in stedfastnes.
- c1390(?a1325) Adam & E.(2) (Vrn)221/32 : Þenne weore þei [angels] stabelichet in þat ilke while þat heo hedden þenne, boþe þe goode & vvuel so þat heo ne mihte neuer out þer-of.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21288 : Þe bridel es wisdom for to wiss; þe carter self is iesus crist; His bodi es yock he has stablist.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)23 : Þat thyng þat stablisshid in myn herte is I can nat hyde fro thee.
- c1429 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)1187 : Two handes stablisshid the throne, one on othere parte.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.2.58a : This tree was a geyn istablisshed, and..the fornsaid appil was restored.
b
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)47.258 : The Chirche I-Rerid was and the peple I-stablisched In that plas.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)26421 : Stablysched his men vppon a Ryvere.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)87/27 : Stablissh at þi right side a kynd of fighters and of smyters and aventurers.
4.
(a) To postulate (the location of the soul) to be (in blood), declare; also, promulgate (an untruth); (b) to intend (to do sth.), plan; arrange (one's affairs).
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)40.9 : Hij stablishe þe wicked worde oȝayns me.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)90/35 : Blode, in þe which Lexus hath stablisshed þe sete of þe soule [L in quo sedem Loxus animae esse constituit]..is þe chere of þe body.
b
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)97/7 : The good prynce ought..to bewarre that he stablyshe not his particulir matiers by theim that semyn wyse and be not.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)94/28 : It ought to suffice to haue sowned thi disordinaunce to haue many women, withowt to haue stablisshid to haue forsaken them at euery occasion for to estis [read: eftis] fill the beddis full of women.
5.
(a) To establish order, bring about stability; pacify (a land, the world), bring order to; (b) to stabilize (sight), return to normal; calm (sb. afflicted with tremors).
Associated quotations
a
- c1400 PPl.B (Trin-C B.15.17)1.123 : Þousandes..wiþ Lucifer..fellen out in fendes liknesse nyne dayes togideres Til god of his goodnesse gan stablisse and stynte And garte þe heuene to stekie.
- (1442) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23252 : We..pray yow..that..yee contynewe in youre saide cure and in no wise resigne tyll the world be more stabelished.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1204/26 : Sir Launcelot..garnysshed all his noble townys and castellis..And so whan he had stabelysshed all those contreyes, he shortly called a parlement.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)16/31 : Whanne this was done that the kyng had stablisshed alle the countreyes aboute London, thenne he lete make syr Kay sencial of Englond.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)54/11 : Trew seruice engendrys frendschipe; ffrendschipe engendrys conseil and helpe; by þes þinges ys al þe werld stablissyd, and lawes set to men.
b
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)166 : For þe palasye: Hit confermyth and stablyssheþ hem þat quaken for þe palesye or paralysye.
- a1477 Chaucer CT.Mch.(Htrn 197)E.2405 : Ystabelysshed [Heng: Til þat youre sighte ysatled by a while, Ther may ful many a sighte yow bigile].
6.
(a) To make secure (a kingdom, ruler, etc.), protect; reinforce (the law), strengthen; ~ in, to settle (sb.) in possession of (sth.); (b) to strengthen (sb., the heart) morally; also, implant (faith, the nature of Christ) firmly; ~ to, refl. make oneself steadfast in (hope).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Rom.3.31 : Therfore distrye we the lawe by the feith? Fer be it; but we stablischen the lawe.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Kings 20.31 : In alle the daies in whiche the sone of Isai lyueth on erthe, thou schalt not be stablischid, nether thi rewme.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Par.17.11 : Y schal reise thi seed after thee..and Y schal stablische his rewme.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.548 : Ther strengthe onli graunteth hem nat the crowne, Nor a proud gynnyng stablissheth nat þer glorie.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)252/6 : God allmighty preserue oure kynge..and stablissh his reame to the perfeccion of the feith.
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton:EETS)29/114 (f.45va) : I haue stablysshed [L (Vulg.Gen.27.37): stabilivi] hym in whete, wyne, and oyle.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)41/8 : Your power may not be stablishid in lasse thanne God aff[e]rme it.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)102/10 : These fewe people..gadird them togedre and delyuerid theire cuntre and stablisshid ther lawes.
b
- (1433) RParl.4.423a : Ye hertis of ye peple yer, noght so fermid, stablisshid, and assurid, in affection, love, and trouth to ye Kyng..as with Goddes grace yai be nowe.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)2175 : Hym I oonly wyl seruyne..In þis me stablych, lord I þe preye.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)10/35 : Whanne we..þese lettyngis haue fordon and oure hertis stablisschid, þan may we hope þat vs schal come þat we in preyer biseche.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)30/5 : A, swete Ihesu Crist, & þou were stablischid in oure hertes, how we wolde loue pouerte.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)182/22 : Wold God that euery man had vsid the comon wele..and that their coragis had ben stablischid as thei owght haue ben of right.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)99/18 : By the cleving to of oon hoole holy feith abyde and stablisshe the to þe trewe and perfight hope.
- a1500 Dives & P.(Hrl 149)1.210 : Stablyssyd [Htrn: now holy chirche is sprongyn & spred & þe feyth is stablyd in menys herte].
- a1500 Rolle Mend.L.(Wor F.172)44 : We wiln taken vs to meditacioun and in that wise stablissh oure hertis.
7.
Law To assign (property to sb. or an institution) inalienably, amortize.
Associated quotations
- (?c1475) Let.Christ Ch.in RS 85.3242 : My Lorde prayeth you to send..the ordinances that been appointed upon the manor..for..he must necessarily have them or he kan stablisshe the said manor un to you and your place.
8.
To corroborate (an opinion), prove; confirm (a purpose, promise, etc.); refl. prove oneself (to be sth.).
Associated quotations
- a1325 *Rwl.Statutes [OD col.] (Rwl B.520)lf.57 : Ȝif he stablisseth him to be lasse, he ne sal noȝt ansuerien..for acheson of possession..are he be of plener age.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)104.9 : He stablist þat to Iacob in comaundement.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)118.38 : Stablisce [L Statue] to þy seruant þy worde in þy drede.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ps.20.12 : Thei thouȝten counseils whiche thei myȝten not stablische [MPPsalter: stablice].
- c1485 Chaucer CT.Mel.(Sln 1686)B.2258 : Stablysshed [Heng: Al be it so þat youre emprise be establissed & ordeyned by gret multitude of folk, yet thar ye nat accomplice thilke ordinance].
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Add vrr. rablisched, rebellished to c1485 Chaucer quot. in sense 8. Consider them as p.ppl. error forms.--per MLL
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1475(c1450) ?Scrope Mirror World (Bod 283)912 : Shee dothe disceit, for she stablissheth othir childir than be hir goode mariage.
Note: Additional quot. sense 7. 'settle an inheritance on.'