Middle English Dictionary Entry
spīce n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | spīce n.(2) Also spis, spiece, spece, spech, espece, espece; pl. spices, espices, etc. & specs, spechis, (error) spoces. |
Etymology | From L speciēs, AL (pl.abl.) spicis & OF espece, espi(e)ce species. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A type or kind of person, flavor, etc.; (b) the human species; mannes ~, mankind; (c) a species of plant; a genus of animals, fish, trees, etc.; (d) med. & pathol. a type or variety of disease, humor, etc.; (e) theol. a subclass or branch of sin, penance, moral virtue, etc.; (f) a subdivision of a subject of study; (g) ?a portion or part of something; haven a ~ of, to be partially of (a lineage); haven no ~ of (to), ?have not a bit of (a quality or an attribute); (h) ?a characteristic or an attribute of a person or persons; also, the nature of a bodily component or medicine; (i) in ~, in particular, specifically [translating L in specie].
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.25.3 : Þree spices hatide my soule & I am greeued gretly to þe soule of hem: A pore man proud; & a riche man, a liere; & an old man, a fool and dotid.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.3013 : Thilke moeuere..hath so wel biset his ordinaunce That speces of thynges and progressiouns Shullen enduren by successiouns.
- a1425 Primer (Add 36683)78 : Almiȝti god..graunte..that we be delyuerid fro al spice of sorwe.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.4.181 : Resoun..comprehendith by an universel lokynge the comune spece that is in the singuler peces.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)250 : Preising and worschiping ben two spicis or two specialis of þis seid general honouring.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)252 : Sacramentyng is not ellis þan a spice of outward worschiping.
- c1450 Trin-C.Accedence (Trin-C O.5.4)42/495 : How many spyces hath the power of coniunccion? Fyue..copulatyf, disiunctyf, expletyf, racionel, and causell.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)123 : Feith..is thilke kinde or spice of knowyng, which a man gendrith and getith into his undirstonding, principali bi the telling or denouncing of another persoone.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)23a/a : Þe sutil veynes touchen þe spiritis of felynge, passinge out of þe senewe, and bringiþ to the brayn spicis and maners of sownys, & so is þe heerynge maad.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)35b/a : Spiritus vitalis..is maad in þe lyuere nutritif and in þe genitalis generatif, and þus he is maad a spirit of euery kynde and of euery spice.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)208/24 : Sovne..is in two maneres; Soune Wych is callid voyce of man othyr of Beste..Anothyr Spice..is callid Sowne of thynges that bene not quycke, as the Sowne of watyr and brekynge of trees.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)74/30 : The tonge sensat is by tast and sauour, and therof ben 9 spoces [?read: speces], þat is to sey, swetnesse, [etc.].
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)102/12 : The best kynd of eyen ben the glavk spice, whan they ben somwhat moist, tranquill, grete, and bright.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)56/6 : Ayeinst thes thre spices of polecye be raysid vnlawfull vsurpacions.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)48a/a : Þe testiclez beþ pryncipale membrez for þi þat þai ar not necessarie to being of indiuidui bot of spice, i. liknez [Ch.(2): to kynde; L speciei].
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)219/18 : Euery beste hath a propyr amanere and condicion in dyuers Spyces..wythout doute in manys Spice.
c
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Ezek.47.10 : Ful many spices [WB(2): kyndis] shuln be of fishis therof.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)193 : Þei..to þis treos wenten..sprongen wiþ gret sped of a good spice.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)8b : Þere be ii specs of this erbe; one growith in þe medis, an oþer in harde grounde.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)624/11 : Lilye is an herbe hauinge many spices.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)182/10 : Marubium Rubium..is a spece of þe horroun.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4724 : Þai ware fedd all of frute & of na fode ellis, Of grapis & of gernets & othire gude spices.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)219/4-5 : Euery beest hath his propyr Sowle and his Propyr body; Of thes Speces neuer faillyth, ne neuer was founde that any beeste had a body of oone spice and a sowle of anothyr Spice.
d
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)180/21 : Allopucia is a maner spice of lepre þat comeþ of rotid fleume.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)198/1813-14 : Þe 2[nd] spys of ydropisy is caused of cisania maria, & in þe empty placys of þe guttys, as þai say, & þis spech has alchytes.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)83/9 : Auripigment is hote and dry in þe 4 degre, of whiche bene tuo spicez..ȝelow and rede.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)101/14 : Þer ben, after Auycen, 6 spyces of vnkyndely colre.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)305/10 : Azaramus cleped ham pustles..þai nombrede 7 spices, i. kyndes, of ham.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)9005 : Dyssentyrye..hath spycys thre.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)103a/b : Vlcus sordidum..is an old wounde hauynge grete crustis..of salt fleume or oþere spicis of þe mormole or þe scroful.
- c1475 Bk.Physiog.(Cmb Ll.4.14)220 : Saturne makiþ qualites withinne men after his lordschepe in all spisis of malancolie.
- a1500 Bod.EMisc.Lapid.(BodEMisc e.558)35/362 : The lygure..puttith away all soores of þe bely..& helith a spice of þe flix þat is called vteryce.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)29a/28 : Byle is an old sore rotid..hit devysed from cancre and fester as in kynde and spice, for iche cankre and fester bene bylys, bot iche bile is not cankre nor fester.
e
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)108/27 : Neomunge of husel in eani heaued sunne, oðer ei oþer sacrement, nis hit te spece of prude þet ich cleopede presumptio?
- (1357) Gaytr.LFCatech.(Yk-Borth R.I.11)88/466 : The first of this seven synnes is pride..of this syn comes mani sere spices, Bost and auantyng, [etc.].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.83 : Man sholde gladly herknen and enquere..what is penitence..and how manye spices [vr. spieces] ther ben.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.448 : The especes [vr. espices] that sourden of pride soothly whan they sourden of malice ymagyned, auysed and forncast or elles of vsage ben dedly synnes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.731 : This vertu hath manye speces; The firste is cleped Magnanymitee.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1003 : A man konne shryue hym of hise synnes be it of pride or of enuye..with the speces [vr. spechis] and circumstances.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.466 : Cheste..hath so manye sondri spieces Of vice that I mai noght wel Descrive hem be a thousendel.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)6519 : The syxte synne ys glotonye..y wyl now shewe of hys spyces.
- a1425 WBible(2) Gloss.2 Pet.(NC 67)2.10 : Eresie is the chief spice of vnfeithfulnesse.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)17 : What riȝtwisnes is and whiche ben hise spicis muste be founden in doom of resoun and not in Holi Scripture.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)122/1 : What temptacion euer it be þat I haue nat..specified heere, it is a spice or a braunche of sum of þo þat I haue rehersyd in special or in general.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)186/6 : Many be spices of ydolatre..worschipynge of deuelryes..worschip of sonne, of mone, [etc.].
- a1475 I knowlech to god (Rwl B.408)34 : I am gylty..In Pryde, Envye, wrath, Lechory, & couetyse, Sleuth, and Glotony, with al þer spices.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)18/10-11 : Oon and þe same diuisioun or particioun is of habitual charite into hise spicis and of moral vertu into hise spicis.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)23/432 : For alle þingis þat I haue trespassid ynne aȝens þee..in þe vii deedli synnes or ony of her spicis..I crie þee..mercy.
- ?a1500(a1471) Brut-1461(2) (Lyell 34)76 : I..alle heresyes and errours..in my..wrytyng, here..renounce, which heresyes and errours, and alle other spices of heresyes, I haue before..iudicially abiured.
f
- ?c1425 Craft Number.(Eg 2622)7/21 : Here telles þat þer ben 7 spices or partes of þis craft..addicion..subtraccion..duplacion..dimydicion..multiplicacion..diuision..extrac-cion of þe Rote.
- c1450 Art Number.(Ashm 396)34/4 : Of this art bene 9 spices..numeracioun, addicioun, Subtraccioun, Mediacioun, [etc.].
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)103/52 : The Margarite is a litel whyt perle..To whiche perle..me list to lyken..Philosophie, with her three speces, that is, natural and moral and resonable.
g
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)904 : Assarakus Was born y..Grece; Of þat blod he hadde a spece, ffor his ffader was Gregeys, Hys moder of Troye.
- c1450 Dice(1) (Frf 16)233 : Lorde that youre wytte to euery thinge ys able, Hauynge no spice to dispite nor envye, ffor on what thinge ye set your hert stable..Al in youre witte kan ye wel comprehende.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)380 : The hoost of Southwork..had no spice of rage, But al thing wrouȝt prudenciall, as sobir man & wise.
h
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.888 : The Sonne..regneth most As for wisdom..in Grece, Wher is apropred thilke spiece.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)64b/b : Þe vse of farmaciez of aiþer oþer is not mich chaunged, bot it is þe same selfe after spice [Ch.(2): the kynde].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)65a/a : Colligacions..hauyng most like spice to neruez & the nontez..tholeþ þe same cure.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)106/1 : The spice of malignite, of envye, and of vntemperance is shewed by a drye mouthe.
i
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)4/18 : The parties of cirurgie..beeþ two..to werche in softe membris and to werche in harde membres. In spice [*Ch.(1): In speciale; L In specie], forsoþe, þere beeþ fyue parties..þe science techynge to wirche in woundes and þe science techynge to wirche in bocches, [etc.].
2.
(a) A visible form or shape; appearance or semblance; ?coll. the symptoms (of a disease) [last quot.]; under (the) ~ of, under the guise of (piety or doing sth.); haven the (a) ~ of, to have the appearance of (piety); (b) the intelligible or sensible aspect of an object or odor; pl. the shapes or forms of that which is perceived by any of the senses; also, the configurations of sounds produced in speaking; (c) theol. the bread or wine as the eucharistic element in its physical or visible form; (d) splendor, beauty; (e) ?a mental image or notion; ?an idea.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.14.56 : Þis is þe lawe of al lepre..& of weem liȝtynge, & in to diuerse spices [WB(2) vr. spottis] þe colours chaungid.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Thes.5.22 : Absteyne ȝou fro al yuel spice, or liknesse.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Tim.3.5 : In the laste dayes..men schulen be louynge hem silf..loueris of lustis more than of God, hauynge sothli the spice, or licnesse, of pite, forsothe denyinge the vertu of it.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)82/9 : In þe laste daies schulle be perelouse times; Men schullen ben..louers of fleshliche lustes more þan of God; hauinge a spice, as hit were, of pite.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)57/21 : Þer ar gendred bolnyngz of diuerse spicez and schapez.
- ?a1450 Sel.Rosarium Theol.(Cai 354/581)92/5 : False prophetis vsurpeþ to þam þe office of prechyng..vnder spice or likenes of pite..forsakande þe vertu of it.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)94 : Swilk þingis..are defendid of þe kirk to feiþful men, þat þei go not aȝen vnder þe spice of diuining to þe wold worschipping of idols.
- a1500 GRom.(Add 9066)189 : Ionatas..was gretly an hungred, and ete of the frute, and anon he was hole of all the spice of the lepre.
b
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)21a/b : Ymagynatif vertu..resseyueþ of þe comoun witt þe spicis and þe foormes of sensible þingis as þei weren taken of þe comoun witt wiþouten forþ.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)22a/b : Þou schalt fynde two vtilitees in þe yȝe liddis: The firste, þat þei schulden dresse þe spicis & þe fourmis or similitudis of visible þingis vnto þe appil of þe yȝe.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)23b/b : Þese senewis ben holowȝ for two causis: The firste, þat þe visible spiritis myȝte passe frely to þe yȝen..The secunde, þat þe spice or forme of visible þingis myȝten be presentid bi hem frely to þe comoun wittis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)25b/b : Þis diche was ordeyned..þat þe eir þat bringiþ forþ þe spice of þe spirit of smellynge reste in hir til it may be taken of þe organs of smellynge.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)26a/a : Two holis..helpen to þe prolacioun of þe spicis or formes of þe voicis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)26a/a : Þe nose stondiþ..wiþoute þe face..for it schulde resseyuen and kepe þe eir which is a nedeful mediatour to bere þe spicis of þe spirit of smellynges.
c
- a1450 I wole be mendid (Dgb 102)60 : Þe blod is drynk, þe flesch is mete, Ys gostly fode..of crist to trete; He dwelleþ vnder ayþer spys.
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)377/44 : So longe-tyme dwellith goddis body as ben hole þe spices of þe sacramente.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)47 : We sey þis þing þe body and þe blod of Crist, þe wilk tan of þe ȝerþ fro þe frutis, and halowd bi gostly praiors, we tak..in to memory of þe Lordis passioun; þe wilk, wan it is browt be handis of man to þat inuisible [read: uisible; L visibilem] spice, is halowid not but bi þe Spirit of God wirking inuisibily.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)47 : We..striue to proue þe sacrifice of þe kirk to stond to gidre in two þingis..þe visible spicis of elements, and inuisible flesch and blod of our Lord Ihu Crist.
d
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)49.2 : Fram þe sonne arisyng vnto þe going a-doune, þe spece [L species] of his fairnes is of Syon.
e
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.m.4.61-2 : Than is the strengthe of the thought imoevid..and clepith forth to semblable moevyngis the speces that it halt withynne itself, and addith tho speces to the notes and to the thinges withoute-forth.