Middle English Dictionary Entry
spēch(e n.
Entry Info
Forms | spēch(e n. Also spetch, spek(e, spache, (SEM) spieche, (late) speache, (early or N) spece & spẹ̄ch(e(n, spẹ̄ke & (early) spæce, spæche, (early SWM) specche, spiche, spec, spæc & (errors) spche, shech, spise; pl. speches, etc. & spheches, (chiefly early) spechen, (early) spæcen. |
Etymology | From OE spǣc, spēc (vars. of sprǣc) & ME spēken v. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. sprece n.
1.
(a) The act of speaking; the production of language; withouten ~, without speaking; (b) the sound of a voice, intonation; (c) techinge of ~, oral instruction.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)3/17 : We cweðeð þæt þæt seo betst ætforen Gode, þæt man seo gescadwis & gemetigen cunne ægðer gea his spæce gea his swige.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)19/23 : Þan toþa þa tunga to spæce ȝesceal [read: ȝesteal] ys.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.Quadr.(Bod 343)40/23 : Ðeo andetnes is to donne bi alle þam synnum þe man æȝhwær þurhtihð, oððe on þohte, oððe on spece, oððe on weorce.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)16/216 : Leccherie anan riht greideð hire wið þet to weorrin o þi meiðhad..Speche is hire oþer help.
- c1330(c1250) Floris (Auch)502 : Wiȝouten speche togidere þai lepe, þat [read: þai] clepte & keste & eke wepe.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)21/24 : Arrogance..him sseaweþ ine uele maneres, oþer be dede oþer be speche.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.6.7 : Sothely preyinge nyle ȝee speke moche, as hethen men don, for thei gessen that thei ben herd in theire moche speche [L multiloquio].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.983 : Sche tolde unto hir housebonde The sothe..And in hire speche, ded and pale, Sche swouneth.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)115 : Handlyng yn speche ys as weyl As handlyng yn dede euery deyl.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)27799 : Wanhope..es gain hali-gast..Heui chere, crustful and ill, Vntimes spech [Glb: Vntyme to speke] or to be still.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4648 : Neptolonius..in speche stamered whan he spak.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)144/2 : Þai ben constreynede..to schoue out her tonge..Auycen addeþ goynge outward of þe eyȝen, and disese of þe tonge, and a token of speche by þe nose þirles.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)39/18 : Sche teld hym how sum-tyme þe Fadyr of Hevyn dalyd to hir sowle as pleynly and as veryly as o frend spekyth to a-noþer be bodyly spech.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)28 : Ȝe wil not put on me no vyleny But I deserue it, and þat schal I nowt, As I hope, neythir in speche ne þowt.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)23/34 : In dede men trespacyn whan þe lust is fulfillyd..þt..þe speche & þe lokynge..talkynge and towchynge..may make boþe man & womman worthy to be dampnyd.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)11/3 : Charite is better kept in silence þan in speche.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.302 : The secunde [precept] techith us to louyn hym with our word & schewyn hym loue in speche.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)187/24 : Ther is tyme of laghynge, tyme of wepynge, tyme of Speche, and tyme of beynge stille.
b
- a1425(c1300) Assump.Virg.(1) (Add 10036)128/628 : Oure mayne þee knewe þat ilke nyȝt Bothe bi speche and by syȝt.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)10/23 : Ther came into my castel of Tyntigaill a man lyke my lord in speche and in countenaunce.
c
- c1400 Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)5/12 : Most blessid is he..þat..most so releueþ of þe foreseyde pore men: wheþer a man do so with techynge of speche, as prechours or oþere þat cone wel teche Gods hestes, or with deuoute preyers.
2.
(a) The faculty of speech; the capacity or power to speak; ~ sineu, a lingual or 'vocal' nerve [Latin nervus vocalis], supposed to control the tongue and so the power of speech; never min ~ shal ben stille, my tongue will never be stilled, I will never be silenced; to tellen ne is mannes ~, man's tongue cannot tell (of sth.); (b) the ability to speak eloquently, articulateness; art of ~, oratory; (c) in fig. phrase with inf.: graunten ~ and space, to grant (sb.) means (to do sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)20/5 : Þa mid þan gewrite wearð his muð geopenod & his tunge unbunden to rihtre spæce.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)8/33 : Mi spece me ætfeallæn wæs.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)222 : Zacariass..comm..siþþenn ut All dumb & butenn spæche.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)29/228 : Þeos mawmez beoð imaket al mid gold..al wið monnes honden, muð bute speche, ehnen buten sihðe, earen buten herung.
- c1300 SLeg.MPChr.(LdMisc 108)3 : He watte al so with is spotle is tonge..Speche and heringe him cam a non.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1489 : No ȝede he bot ten stride, His speche les he þar.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prols.Esd.(Bod 959)64 : Þof þe serpent hysse..if he þrowe not brennyngis vp, neuer my speche shal ben stille.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.232 : With that word sche loste speche And fell doun swounende.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)48a/b : Eche beest þat is wiþouten longen is wiþouten voys and speche.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5899 : Þe porter had hys speche lore, And heryng also, syn he was bore.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24320 : Als ded þai war, wit-vten speke.
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)2.3.211 (f.32va; p.97) : Tuo synowes .. go .. to þe tunge, and þai ar called 'nerui vocales,' þe speche synowes, for vppon þe disposicioun of hem is sounyng of speche in þe tunge.
- a1425(c1340) Rolle Psalter (LdMisc 286)134.17 : Thei wrigth [read: The wright] that made thaim mygth [read: myght] nouther gif til thaim syȝt ne speche.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)7a : Þe iuse and water dronkyn helpith him that has sodeynly loste his speche.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)138a/b : Lamfranc telleþ þat he restored þe speche [L loquelam] to a lady with ficz mundatis & melle.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)15/35 : To telle of þe briȝtnesse ne is mannes speche.
- a1450 7 Sages(3) (Cmb Dd.1.17)445 : I sal make hym speke, i-wys, Yf anny speche in hym ys.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)96/19 : For a man þat haȝt lost his speche.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)27a/a : The tunge..is an instrument of speche.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)120b/a : Alle woundis..in senewy placis ben riȝt dredeful, for ofte tyme yuele þing folowiþ, as doiþ þe crampe, failynge of speche.
- a1500(?c1400) Gowther (Adv 19.3.1)395 : Gyffe hor..Yeit mey god..þoro is myȝt Ageyn to geyt hur spech ryght.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.218 : But speche is ordeynyd of God principaly to ben trewe witnesse of þout in þe herte.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)517 : For euer of hys speche I shall hym depryue.
b
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)97 : Summe Men he [Holy Ghost] ȝif wisdom and speche.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.104 : And for his tale sholde seme the bettre, Acordant to his wordes was his cheere, As techeth art of speche hem that it leere.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)6372 : Fals executours þat haue ben, þys chaunce haue men of hem sen, þat oþer fayleþ hem wurldes grace Or, at here endyng, speche or space.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5605 : Mercuryus..in speche hath most excellence Of rethorik and sugrid elloquence.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)7b/b : Astismes: maner of speche.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)4b : Eloquence and curious sette speche [L eloquentia] growed and encresed.
c
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13125 : God graunt vs spech and space sone forto [read: to for] sake our syne.
3.
A manner of speaking, characteristic mode of speech; derk ~, a figurative manner of speaking; the commune worldes ~, the popular manner of speaking.
Associated quotations
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2207 : Siþþenn seȝȝde he sone anan Wiþþ all full openn spæche..Þatt ȝho wass Godd full cweme.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1661 : Maglaunus..hire andswarede mid aðelere spiche.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)25/205 : Ti sputi speche walde of wisdom & of wit beoren þe witnesse, ȝef þune mis-nome onont ure mawmez þet tu so muche mis-seist.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)46/9 : Þe fikeleres meoster is to hulie þe gong þurl..Þe bacbitere unlideð hit..Oþer spechen fuleð, ah þeose attrið baðe þe earen & te heorte.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)480 : Hit is godemonne iwone..Þat ech god man his frond icnowe An blisse mid hom sume þrowe..Mid faire speche & faire worde.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)257 : Vre louerd hym onswerede myd swyþe veyre speche.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)946 : Of alle men was he mest meke, Lauhwinde ay, and bliþe of speke.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8535 : He was quointe of conseil & speke & of bodi strong.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1382 : Y wot he is now fiue ȝer eld, Wise of speche, of dede beld.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)337 : Be feiȝtful & fre & euer of faire speche.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3338 : He was..of speche daungerous.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.174 : Bot forto loke at alle assaies, To him that wolde resoun seche, After the comun worldes speche, It is to wondre of thilke werre In which non wot who hath the werre.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.3415 : If eny thing stond in contraire, With humble speche it is redresced.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10643 : By hys semblant and feyre beryng Hym semed..to be a lordyng; By hys speche, þey vndyrstode Þat he was man of gentyl blode.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.276 : He hadde a cote of crystendome..Ac it was moled in many places..þere a plotte of vnboxome speche, Of scornyng and of scoffyng.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)1/5 : Ich am a lewed man & may nouȝt vnderstonde sotil & derk speche; þerfore þou most take more pleyn maner of spekyng.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.187 : To his herte his tonge was contrarie: Benyngne of speche, of menyng a serpente.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.105 : Crist telliþ in parablis his witt for many causis: First, for men unworþi to knowe it ben blyndid bi derke speche.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)278 : Therfore be no wyght so nyce, To take a love oonly for chere, Or speche, or for frendly manere.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)363/236 : Be-war ye that non of you for here deth schewe hevy speche.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)p.500 : Ald thyngis ere leghis, fals athis, weriyngis..bot tha depart fra ȝoure mouth, that ȝe oyse thaim namare, bot take new speche in new life.
4a.
(a) That which is spoken, words; talk, speech, discourse; ?also, incantations, magic spells [quot. a1500 (a1400)]; fore ~ [see for(e-speche n.(2) (a)]; foul (ivel, wicked) ~; idel (vein, unnit) ~, idle chatter, vain speech; ben of litel (muche, muchel) ~, to talk little (much); haven in ~, talk about (sth.); haven in idel ~, take (God's name) in vain; haven the ~, maken (speken, spellen, spenden, tellen) ~, speak, talk; melen with ~, speak to (sb.), address; seien with short ~, say tersely or succinctly; sparen ~, say little; spellen in ~, speak (of sth.); spillen ~, waste words, speak unprofitably; (b) with pers.pron., gen., or of phrase: (someone's) talk or discourse, (someone's) words; grinden thin ~, to chew your words, speak haltingly; refreinen (sparen) youre ~, hold back your words, say little; (c) the Word of God, God's revelation to man; also, the promise of the Lord [2nd quot.]; ~ of the lord (holi); (d) reassuring words, comforting speech; togeder ~, comfort; (e) in personification; (f) gram. manere (part, partie) of ~, a part of speech; also, parties of speches; (g) in proverbs and prov. expressions.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)54/11 : We ȝyltæs wurcæð dæȝhwamlice, na ðæt an mid ydele dedum, & eac mid ydele spece.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)122/30 : Healde we ure muð wið unnytte spece.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)132/32 : Þerinnæ nane spece ne spæken, buton þæt we mid stilnesse ure bedu singæn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)392 : Teȝȝ forr idell ȝellp & all forr menness spæche Shæwenn biforenn oþre menn Godnesse & rihhtwisnesse.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)11 : Ne haue þu þines drihtenes nome in nane aða, ne in nane idel speche.
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)29/23 : Ic adumbode & becom eadmod & swigede goddere spæce.
- c1225 St.Juliana (Roy 17.A.27)20/180 : Speche þu maht spillen, ant ne speden nawiht.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)35/8 : Þeos ancre..is of muche speche.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)41/6 : Vre deorewurðe..seinte Marie..wes of se lutel speche þet nohwer in hali writ ne finde we þet ha spec bute fowr siðen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)43/22 : Al uuel speche..stoppið ower earen & habbeð wleatunge of þe muð þe speoweð ut atter.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)23/387 : He spac faire speche; Ne dorte him noman teche.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)18/322 : Ne te[l] þou more speche.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.201 : Þai..apoysoun oþer þorouȝ wicked speche oiþer dede oiþer ensaumple.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)621 : What man so ich mete wiþ or mele wiþ speche, Me þinkes euerich þrowe þat barn is þat oþer.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)50 : Louse þi lippes a-twynne & let þe gost worche; Speche, grace, & vois schul springe of þi tonge.
- c1390 Disp.Jesus & MLJ (Vrn)19 : Þou scholdest lerne, and nouȝt teche; Þou spillest speche.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.875 : This wofull chance how that it ferde Anon as Demephon it herde, And every man it hadde in speche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2618 : An angel hir [Sarah] befor stode..Wit hir sli spece gun he spell.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11084 : Zakari þei dud forþ take, But no speche ȝitt myȝt he make.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)793 : Of Jerusalem I in speche spelle.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)410 : If I spende no speche, þenne spedez þou þe better.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)133 : Þanne spedith it noght to spare speche, To cry on Crist wil I not blynne.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)14/25 : Na naman wil prayse þaim þat es of mikil speche.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)19 : Fleschli loue..makiþ myche of her tyme be lost and wastid þoru veyn speche.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)49.136 : 'Ȝe, Sire,' he seide with schort speche, 'I schal hem helen full Certeynle.'
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1028 : The grete soun..rumbleth up and doun In Fames Hous..Bothe of feir speche and chidynges.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)106/7 : In al þi communicacioun also be ware of ydill speche.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)192/17 : Of wysedome and of fayre speeche and all royalte and rychesse they fayle of none.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)729/30 : The kyng of Irelond..had the speache that sir Trystram myght hyre, [etc.].
- a1475(a1400) Man ȝyf þat (Hrl 3954)166 : He cam aȝen with spetch grylle.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)118a : Short speche: Micrologium.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)2043 : But euer he dradde Yrayn, For he was naȝt y-slayn: Wyth speche he wold hym spylle.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3073 : There is good gawayne gone to grounde, That speche spake he neuyr more.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)7/50-51 : Ne I haue not kept þe rule of spekynge to þi worschip aftir þi blessid techyng, as fro ydil speche, fro foul speche.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)18736 : All þuss he spacc onnȝæness hemm To lihhnenn þeȝȝre spæche.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Roy 17.A.27)45/373 : Lure ow is to leosen ower swinkes lan þe leoteð so lutel of & sparieð ower speche.
- a1250(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(*Glb A.19-James)72/22 : Alfred..was wise on his worde & ware on his speche.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)247 : He wondered of his wis speche.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 8.43 : Whi knowen ȝe not my speche [L loquelam meam]? for ȝe mown not heere my word.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.307 : Sownynge in moral vertu was his speche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13260 : He sermund wit his loueli spek And heild mani þat war seke.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)prol.52 : To eche a tale þat þei tolde here tonge was tempred to lye, More þan to sey soth, it semed bi here speche.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)314 : Now is..þe renoun of þe Rounde Table Ouer-walt wyth a worde of on wyȝes speche.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)226 : I mene..the crafty speche Of..Amphioun, Wher-by He made the contres..To han such lust in his wordes swete.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)45/16 : Lord, þou schalt slee alle þat lyȝen in here speche.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)129/21 : Kepe not only innocencie in þi speche & in þi dedis, but also and pricipally in þin hert.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.83.57a : If his speche conforte þe nouȝt, answere litel; and he wile sone taken his leue.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)152/30 : My name is kynge Baltazare; Of prophetys speche I am ware.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)1038 : Refreyn thy speche for my reuerens.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)205/52 : His shech [read: spech] shall spryng and sprede And ouer com euer ylkone.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2155 : Myche comforth he caght of þaire kynd speche.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)510 : As a gome wer agast, þou grendes thy speeche.
c
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 22.31 : Þe speche of þe lord examyned bi fijr: a scheeld is of alle þe hoperis in hym.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.118.38 : Sett to þi seruaunt þi speche in þi drede.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.5.24 : Þe speche [L eloquium] of þe holi of irael þei blasfemeden.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Wisd.3.18 : If swiftliere þei shul ben deade, þei shul not han hope, ne in þe dai of knowlechyng speche [WB(2): alowyng; L allocutionem].
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Wisd.8.9 : I purposede þis to bringe to me to ete with me..þer shal ben togidere speche of thenking & of myn anoye.
e
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2825 : Swete speche..hath to many oon be leche, To bringe hem out of woo.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2943 : Good hope..And swete thought..Swete lokyng and swete speche; Of all thyne harmes thei shall be leche.
f
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)1/1 : How mony partys of spech byn þer?
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)3/120 : A pronowne ys a party of spech þe wych ys set for a mon.
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)7/310-11 : How knos þu a preposicion? A party of spech þe wech ys vndeclynet and ys set before oþer partys of spechys togedyr in apposicion and composicion.
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(2) (Pen 356B)9/1 : W [read: How] many maners of speche byn þer?
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(2) (Pen 356B)10/72 : A pronoun is a maner of speche declyned wt case.
- a1475 Wor.Accedence (Wor F.123)63/1 : Ow [read: How] mony maners of speche byn ther?
- c1475 Rwl.Accedence (Rwl D.328)61/17 : How many partes of spech be ther?
- a1500 Douce Accedence (Dc 103)56/1 : How mony partyse of speche ben þer?
- a1500 Douce Accedence (Dc 103)57/90 : A pronowne..ys a parte of speche declynyd wt case þe wyche ys seyt for a propur name of a man.
- a1500 Douce Accedence (Dc 103)60/207 : An interieccyon..ys a party of speke vndeclynyd.
g
- a1250(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Mdst A.13)107/326 : Gin þu nefre leuen alle mannes speche.
- a1300(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Jes-O 29)107/326 : Ne ilef þu neuer þane mon þat is of feole speche.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.10.19 : In myche speche shal not lacken synne.
- c1390 Þe wyse mon in (Vrn)377 : Muche speche nis not wiþ-outen strif.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.325,327 : My sone, ful ofte for to muche speche Hath many a man ben spilt..But for litel speche..Is no man shent, to speke generally.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7189 : Alle thing hath time and stede: The cherche serveth for the bede; The chambre is of an other speche.
- a1400 Prov.Wisd.(Bod 9)51 : Of speche is good to be soft.
- c1400(?c1280) SLeg.OTHist.(LdMisc 622)37 : Faire speche..makeþ many a good frend & holdeþ hol many a bon.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.798 : I shal namore lesen but my speche.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)5/18 : Shrewed speche corrumpith gode maners.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.6221 : Spech onavised causeth repentaunce.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)2429 : In mochil speche wantiþ not offence.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.950 : Vndre feire speche ofte is hidde treason.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)7 : Fayre speche brekyth never bone.
- a1500(a1475) Ashby Dicta (Cmb Mm.4.42)1259 : In litil speche & right meche heryng Many grete vertues is conquering.
- c1450 Const.Masonry(1) (Clg A.2)81-2 : With fayr speche þou may haue þy wylle, And with þy speche þou may þe spylle.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)55/48 : Under colour of fayre speche many vices may be hid.
4b.
(a) A particular speech, discourse, statement, remark, etc.; an utterance, argument; a saying, an expression; also, an epithet [quot. 1340]; ?a doctrine [quot. a1333]; derk speches, figurative utterances; in everi ~ and spel, in every remark, in everything said; driven speches, to argue cases, put forward arguments; (b) with pers.pron. or gen.: a particular speech, discourse, statement, remark, etc. (of someone); (c) a legal plea, complaint, or argument; also, fig. a suit or case [quots. c1250]; setten him a ~, to involve him in a lawsuit; setten his ~, settle his accounts; sheuen his ~, plead his case; (d) in proverbs.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)31/27 : Þa deofle ateowigeð þære synfulle sawle æigðer gea hire yfele þohtes, & þa derigendlice spæce.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)36/36 : Witodlice on þære ilcan tide wæs þeos ilca spæce gefyllod ofer Nabucodonosor.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)94/17 : Gelice heo & se lichame byð gefeded mid flæsclicen meten, swa eac..seo sawle byð gefedd mid þan godcundan spæcen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4427 : Þis iherde Cesar; of þissere specche he wes wær.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)193 : Talewise men þe speches driuen, and maken wrong to rihte, and riht to wronge.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)11/5 : Godes forbode..me forbett alle euele spaches.
- c1225 SWard (Roy 17.A.27)34/327 : So glede ha beoð of godd..ne mei hit munne na muð, ne spelien na speche.
- a1250 Ancr.(Tit D.18)16/1 : For alle uuele speches..stoppes owre eares.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)12946 : Eafne þisse speche þat þe wif sayde, Beduer hire answerede mid hendeliche wordes.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)92/186 : Bote as al holy cherche þe tek[þ] Þou make þyne worþynge..Þanne asay þyn oȝe þoȝt By þysser ylke speche.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)103/22 : Alle þe oþre names huer hi spekeþ of his guodnesse..oþer he is zuich and zuich, he is þe riȝt guod þe riȝt trewe..and uele oþre maneres of speches þet me zayþ of him.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.17 : Vnto hem þat wiþ strengþe bridlen her tunges from yuel speches oure lorde bihoteþ þe glorie of god forto heriȝe hym wiþ þe tunge.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1518 : Alisandrine..comfort hire as sche couþe wiþ alle kinde speches.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 13.17 : Hereþ my woord & þe derke speches [L ænigmata] parceyueþ with ȝoure eris.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.205 : Hir lemman? certes, this is a knauyssh speche!
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)10.34 : Al at his wil was wrouȝt wiþ a speche.
- c1400 Apoc.(2) (Hrl 171)84/9 : Þe greete hail is þe scharp speche þat God schal seie to hem þat schulen be dampned.
- (1415) Doc.Conspir.Hen.V in D.K.R.43591 : Y..asked him yife he had herde of any speche touching swiche maters os is bifor rehersid.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)3/23 : To aske of a leche a demonstracioun is as to aske of a stamerynge man a faire speche [*Ch.(1): sermonyng; L sermocinationem], eiþer wanteþ þe instrumentis.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)489 : So gentil ple in love..Ne herde nevere no man..And from the morwe gan this speche laste, Tyl dounward drow the sonne wonder faste.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)849 : Every speche of every man..Moveth up on high to pace Kyndely to Fames place.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3318 : With þis speke at he spake, þe sprete he ȝeldis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)27a/a : Þou schalt fynde in þe creacioun of þe tunge þre vtilitees..The þridde þat sche schulde be an helpere in schewynge of knowen spechis and lettris.
- a1500 St.Anne(3) (Tan 407)207 : Bothe alwayis in euery speche and spel, they foundyn hym trewe.
- 1607 Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)479/369 : Lordes, this speach is so veray that to expound it to your paye it needes nothing.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)55/13 : Ne swerige ge þurh nan þing, ac beo eower spæce þuss geændod, 'Hit is swa ic secge,' oððe 'hit nis swa.'
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)22/20 : Ða ilyfde þe kyng ðæs Hælendes spæce, & wende him hamweard, & hopode to þan.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2332 : Wel ȝho sahh & unnderrstod Þurrh Gabriæless spæche Þatt ȝho wass ædiȝ wimmann.
- a1200(?OE) Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)187 : Ðe twifealde man is unstedefast on alle his spechen.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)81/6 : Wa ȝeu..ðe nimeð mede for ȝeuer swikele spaches.
- a1275 Serm.St.Nich.(Trin-C B.14.39)63/6 : Godes children wollet scechen euer to heren of godes spechen.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)569 : Houre swete lord in his speche Hise deciples began to teche.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 33.1 : Here þanne, Job, my speches, & alle my woordis herkne.
- c1390 Treat.Mass (Vrn)437 : Þer a Neddre hauntes, Ȝe may wel fynde..He vnderstond noþing þi speche Whon þou hire enchauntes, Neuerþeles heo wot ful wel What is þi menynge eueri-del.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2482 : Ne yeldeth noght harm for harm, ne wikked speche for wikked speche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12197 : Ihesus þan folud on his speke, And þus began his resun eke.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1401 : Iason..Conceyved hath..From point to point his mater..And nat for-gat a word in al his speche.
- a1450(a1400) Medit.Pass.(2) (Add 11307)1371 : Writ also his speches swete Whan þo traytour him gan to grete.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)488 : Lordlynges..lestenyþ my speche.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)50/225 : For to my spech þou dedyst obeye, thyn enmyes portys þu shalt possede.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.192 : Þi speche semyth to me wol resonable.
- 1607 Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)474/234 : Thy speach is not worth a fart!
c
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)30/18 : Heofene rice is ilic ane kynge, he ðe hæfde mot wið his men hwilon, & wolde mid ȝesceade settan his spæce.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)179 : Gief he him set a speche and mid woȝe-dome binimeð him his biliue þat he haueð dere boht mid his ogene sowle.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)13 : Þe niȝtingale bigon þe speche In one hurne of one breche.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)545 : Ȝet nis þos speche ibroȝt to dome.
- a1325 Rwl.Statutes (Rwl B.520)1:52/17 : Ȝif þe plaintif deie are þe plait be itermined..þe speche sal ben resomuned to þe siwte of eir plaininde.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)256 : As sone as he is þral bicome, His heritage is him binome; In court, ne in none londe, Me ne ouȝte onswere him ne vndurstonde, Þenne he mot anoþer seche, For to schewe for him his speche Þat mowe his heritage craue.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)157/16 : The..Abbesse shold withdraw her speche [L loquela], the which she hadde ayenst the said Symond.
d
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.15.33 : Yuele spechis corumpen or distroyen goode thewis of [read: or] vertues.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)1223 : Truste On the dede And nat in gay spechys.
- a1500 Counsels Isidor (Hrl 1706)373 : Þe laste speche schalle be better þen þe former.
5.
(a) Written words, written discussion; also, a piece of writing, a treatise, text, narrative, etc.; a section of a written work; also, a topic or subject in a written work; mention of something in a text; fore ~ [see for(e-speche n.(1)]; (b) a manner of writing, literary style; elegance or eloquence in writing; a manere of ~, a manner of literary style; misti (secret) ~, allegorical or figurative style.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)245 : Þe king nom þat writ on hond..seolcud [read: seolcuð] him þuhte swulcere speche.
- ?c1335(a1300) Cokaygne (Hrl 913)111 : Nis no spech of no drink, Ak take inoȝ wiþ vte swink.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)1 : Herkneþ alle to my speche.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.223 : By þat wall is þe bath Byaneus made, of þe whiche baþ was raþer a speche [L de quo supra dicitur].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.146 : And overmore if I schal seche In this matiere an other spieche, In a Cronique I finde write A tale which is good to wite.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)226b/b : Þe grece clepiþ þis herbe maratrum; Isidir takeþ þis for [read: fro] certeyn speche [L ex verbis] of plinius.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1058 : Clopyngnel in þe compas of his clene Rose Þer he expounez a speche..Of a lady to be loved.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)29/3 : What þing..manis body is, for of it a speche [*Ch.(1): sermoun or spekyng; L sermo] is made in all lechecraft, it semeth þat it is al oo þing, honoured or made faire wiþ resoun and of many and dyuers membres.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)34/1 : Haly Abbas in þe firste partie in þe 3 speche of Real Disposicioun saiþ, [etc.].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)73/1 : The firste chapitle is an vnyuersal speche of apostemes.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)143/27 : Strumosa..is made for þe dissolucioun of þe firste or of þe secounde spondyle of þe nekke, of þe whiche a speche schal be made wiþynneforth in þe dislocaciouns.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.1115 : Conuenyent hit is to knowe, of bathis Whil speche is mad [L quoniam de balneis loquimur], what malthis hote & colde, Are able..To make hit hool, and watir wel to holde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)34 : Sum poyetis..With ffablis and falshed fayned þere speche.
b
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.302 : Ovide..poetycally hath closyd Falshede with trouthe..His mysty speche so hard is to vnfolde That he [read: it] entriketh rederis that it se.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)7/13 : To the firste we haue youen a name and taken a maner of speche in som wise poetikly.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)7/198 : Penne and papir had he found anoon, 'A trouthe,' quod he, 'here lakkith not but speche And konnyng.'
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)19/22 : This boke..I have translated, and that with full grete labour and light speche [L lucido sermone].
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1096 : Alle-so thei wrote not euery man to teche, But to shew them-silfe bi a secrete speche.
6a.
(a) Conversation, colloquy, verbal interchange; discussion between two or more persons; also, the opportunity to speak with someone [quots. a1150 & c1450]; a ~ while, for long enough to hold a conversation; at drihtenes ~, in conversation with the Lord; for never non ~, for never any discussion; withouten lengere (more, other) ~, without any more discussion; (b) ben in ~, to converse (about sth.); fallen in ~, fall into conversation, begin to converse; faren to the helendes ~, go and converse with the Savior; haven ~ of, haven (holden) ~ with, hold conversation with (sb., God), speak with; haven here speches in mene, converse together with her; of accord was not ~, there was no talk of accord; (c) common talk, common report; rumor, gossip; also, ?outcry [quot. a1325]; ~ and daliaunce, rumor and report, common talk; bafte ~, what one says behind another's back, slander; bi mannes ~, by common report, as men say; haven in ~, to talk about (sb.), spread reports about.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)39/20 : Þa geswearc se cyng sone on mode, & het þa biggengas þe Bele þeowwedon cumen to his spæce, & cwæð heom þus to, [etc.].
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)98/11 : Moyses..wæs on Synai þære dune æt Drihtines spece.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12803 : Biforenn þatt Filippe toc To clepenn þe to spæche, Þær þu wass unnderr an fictre.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13142 : Ah for nauer nare speche, þas þreo eorles riche nolden abiden ær heo comen riden.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)83/11 : For al þis ne durst hæ ȝet wunie bimong men, se dredful lif he seh þrin, þah hit nere of nawt elles bute of speche ane.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1491 : Þe leuedi..oft missayd hir lord þat niȝt Wiþ speche [vr. spise] bitvix hem to.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)646 : Madame, I wol do mi miȝt wiþ-oute more speche.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2557 : William..seie hem na more, but holliche had herd al here huge speche.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.783 : Hoold vp your hondes with outen moore speche.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1020 : Lat vs go forth with outen lenger speche.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.150 : Kynde loue coueiteth nouȝte no catel but speche.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)66 : Nym þe way to Nynyue wyth-outen oþer speche.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.497 : What nedeth moore speche?
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1600 : Pandarus brak al this speche anon.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1510 : But herte myn, withouten more speche, Beth to me trewe.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)39 : This bok..Fyrst telleth..whan Scipion was come In Affrike, how he meteth Massynisse..Thanne telleth it here speche [vr. spche].
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)25/37 : Ofte þei come togydir to haue here myrþes in mene; of good loue & chaast & oþer goode vertues onely was here speche.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)16/5 : Sche is come to lond and to þe speche of hir son.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)162a/b : Be wel war þat he haue not to do fleischly wiþ no womman, and kepe þee fro þe speche of felowschipe, & touchi[n]ge of hem.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)286 : Thenne prayde he þe Kynge þa t he hym lene wolde Oon of his beste menne..To speke with hym but a speche-whyle.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.136 : Exodi xx, in þe ferste precept of þe ferst table, of queche is now oure speche.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)127/19 : Þas þreo kinges þe hæfden langsume spæce wið þone gedrehten Job.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Evang.(Bod 343)12/19 : On þare Friȝenihte..hæfde ure Hælend..swiðe longsume spæce wið his leorningcnihtæs.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)4/9 : Nichodemus..ferde nihtes to ðæs Hælendes spæce.
- a1300 Þo ihu crist (Jes-O 29)59 : Ich hit am..þat wiþ þe holde speche.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.964 : By cause that he was hir neighebour..And hadde yknowen hym of tyme yoore, They fille in speche.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.1891 : In mount Oreb, er he hadde any speche With hye god..He fasted longe.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.855 : Diomede..gan first fallen of the werre in speche.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)29/13 : Sche..had hy contemplacyon day be day, & many holy spech & dalyawns of owyr Lord.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)26/12 : Sche..bisouȝt hym..ȝif his wille were, þat he traueil to hire wolde to haue here speches in mene.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.26.70a : We schul take the right weye to the yonder lady þat thu seest of which we be in speche.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)8273 : Of acorde was not speke.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4877 : Icc hutedd amm & þutedd, & all onn hæþing & o skarn Off me gaþ eȝȝwhær spæche.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2005 : Þa wes þe muchele speche ȝend þat kineriche of Iudon þere quene þa heore sone acualde.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)11/3 : Detractio hatte an oðer senne..ðat is, euel bafte-spache..Aȝeanes him ðu spake god, bafte him euele.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1065 : Þoruth england yede þe speche, Hw he was strong, and ek meke.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)769 : Þo nolde hi oure lord nyme, ffor þe peoples speche.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2121 : Comunliche in every nede The worste speche is rathest herd And lieved, til it be ansuerd.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5148 : The querele in audience Declared was in the presence Of themperour..Wherof was mochel speche tho, And gret wondringe among the press.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.950 : Þis was þe speche and þe dalyaunce..In euery strete thoruȝ-oute Troye tovn.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.584 : Yet gan she hym biseche..For to ben war of goosish poeples speche, That dremen thynges whiche that nevere were.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)20758 : In to alle lande þe word it sprang Of Arthures curt..welner baȝ pouer and riche, Alle þis warlde þoru, him had in speche.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)97a/b : Be cause of speche þat men putte not þe deþe of þe pacient to þe surgene, it is beter to differre þe takinge out of bones in case þat þere be enye schyuer of bone þe whiche prickeþ þe dura mater.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)50.566 : They gonnen werken so gret wreche that Alle the world þere-Offen hadde speche.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1884 : For þan sall spring vp þe speche & sprede out of mynd, How I haue conquired a kyng þe kidest of þe werd.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2691 : Þat grounde..is so hie, bi mennes speche, That almoost it dothe areche Vnto the cercle of the moone.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)12/10 : Ther was no speche bot of hym, in so myche that the reporte of his goodelyhede..was myche spoken of in the kynges courte.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)160b/a : Bi cause of speche þat men schulden not seie þat his leche were cause of his deeþ, it is bettere to differren þe takynge out of þe boon.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)176/30 : By Speche of the Pepille, a coward may be as Prowos as Ector of troi.
6b.
(a) A conference, meeting; ~ hous [cp. OE sprǣc-hūs], a room or building used for meetings or for receiving guests; ~ time, the time appointed for audiences; morn ~ [cp. OE morgen-sprǣc], a regular meeting of a guild, esp. one held on the morning of or the morning after the guild feast [see also morn n. 3.(c)]; morwe ~ [see morwe n. 2.(c)]; (b) a message, report; (c) an agreement a pledge.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6506 : He wende in-to þan munestre..he sæide þat he wolde speken wið Costance; Þe abbed hit him uðe, & he hine ladde to spæc-huse; Þus spæc Vortiger wið þene munec þa þær.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6550 : Sellic us þuncheð whet Vortiger þencheð in ure spæc-huse [Otho: spec-house] þer he spel haldeð.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)2553 : His gode folke..alle come to Londene vppe wit of fourti punde to one speche [Clg: þan hustingge] bi-fore Belym kinge.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)775 : I-nelle no man..for holi churche quelle..com to-morewe bi speche-tyme..And Ansuere me of oþur þinge þat ichulle to þe speke.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.14.22 : Judas comaundide armed men for to be in couenable placis..and thei maden a couenable speche to gidre [L colloquium].
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.69 : If anny broyer or sister be somonde to anny of yis mornspheches, and yei be in toune and wil noght come..he schal pay..di. pounde of wax.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)973 : Into a chaumbyr he bad hem gon For to take here counsayle..In here speche þey dwellyd þare þre dayes and sumdel mare.
- (1470) Doc.in HMC Rep.9 App.1295a : The Alderman and his Bretheren shall yerly have a mornspeche on the Fryday next before Trinite Sunday.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2691 : Þe messegeres..in here weye went, spacli to þe king of spayne þis speche þei tolde.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14502 : Ȝif hit þi wille weore þat þu hider woldest wende, þas forwarde makien, and þas spechen uæstnien, we wulleð ouer-al atlien to þe seluen.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.510 : Than sey I thus..Thise ilke two..in this tyme swete -- Save only often myghte they nought mete, Ne leiser have hire speches to fulfelle -- That it bifel right as I shal yow telle.
7.
(a) Language, form of speech; ~ of man (man-kinde), mannes ~, human language, human speech; (b) a language, tongue; a dialect; britoun(es ~, the language of the Britons, the Celtic tongue; the commune ~, the vernacular tongue; english (latin, etc.) ~, the English (Latin, etc.) language; english of northen ~, the English dialect used in northern Britain; ikinde (londes) ~, native tongue; ir-londes ~, the language of Ireland; saxon(es ~, the language of the Saxons, the English tongue; thede speches, native languages; speken on other ~, fig. to say (sth.) in another kind of language, say (sth.) in a different tone; (c) parlance; after the commune manere ~, in (oure) commune ~, commonly, in (our) everyday parlance; bi contrarie ~, by antiphrasis; (d) terminology; nomenclature; kindeli ~, correct or proper terminology; (e) ben in ~, to be rendered in translation; (f) heigh ~, an analogy, a correspondence [mistransl. of L analogia].
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)288b/b : Hiena..feigneþ speche of mankynde, and clepeþ som man by his owne name.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1390 : A toune þere is and an abbay..Hit is callid in mannys spache Nostre Dame de Sardinache.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)208/23 : Sovne..is in two maneres: Soune Wych is callid voyce of man othyr of Beste, as speche of man, neynge of hors, syngynge of birdis; Anothyr Spice..is callid Sowne of thynges that bene not quycke.
b
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)41/32 : Þes Jeronimus wæs halig sacerd..& he awænde ure biblio[t]ec of Ebreiscen bocan to Ledene spæce.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Aelfric OT (Bod 343)25/223 : God..sealde heora ælcum synderlice spæce, þæt heora ælc wæs uncuð hwæt oðer sæde.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)66/27 : Ðe Haliȝe Gast..heom alle ȝeaf alle þeodæ spæce þe on þissere worulde beoð.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.130 : All tæcheþþ hemm Goddspelless hallȝhe lare..& tærfore hafe icc turrnedd itt Inntill Ennglisshe spæche.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)15989 : Þiss illke mahht off Haliȝ Gast..Iss witt & wissdom dep inoh To spekenn..Off all þatt tatt iss god & ned Wiþþ alle þede spæchess.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19752 : Alle spækenn sone anan Þe spæche off alle þede.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)89 : Þisse deie..is pentecostes, and wittesunnedeie on ure speche.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)93 : Ðe halie gast com..and heom ȝef þo mihte þet heo cuþen alle spechen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5021 : Þat folc gan to spelien Irlondes speche.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)119 : Ech man..hem herden..hit þuhte here ech sunderlepes þat it was his londes speche.
- c1225 Wor.Bod.Gloss.(Hat 113)22 : Gereorde: speche; geðeode: speche.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)668 : Eueruych þer vnderstod his icunde speche.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)143 : Of Egiptene speche couþe he no þing.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)79/1367 : We schulle þe hundes teche To speken vre speche.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)18 : Cristene men ogen ben..fagen..Ðan man hem telled soðe tale Wid londes speche and wordes smale, Of blisses dune, of sorwes dale.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2672 : Nou ne couþe þe brutons non engliss ywys, Ac þe saxons speche it was & þoru hom ycome it is.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8643 : Þe deuel was þer biuore þer aboute yseie In fourme of bodi & spek al so mid men of þe contreye.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)89/28 : Yef ich hedde zuo moche wyt ine me þet ich couþe alle clergyes, alle speches [Vices & V.(2): alle manere langage] and speke alse wel ase myȝte man oþer angel..bote yef ich ne hedde þe uirtue of charite al hit nere me naȝt worþ.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)110/5 : Þe oþre vour þet comeþ efte[r]ward, we willeþ speke ane oþre speche [Vices & V.(2): we biddeþ al an-oþer manere þing].
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)168 : He of frensche þis fayre tale..dede translate, In ese of englysch men in englysch speche.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.93 : Gildas..turnede þese tweie lawes out of Bretoun speche [Higd.(2): langage] in to Latyn..kyng Alredes turned alle in fere out of Latyn in to Saxon speche [Higd.(2): the speche of Saxones; L Saxonicum].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.159 : Englische men..hadde from the bygynnynge þre manere speche [Higd.(2): a langage tripartite; L tripartitam..linguam]: norþerne, sowþerne, and middel speche in þe myddel of þe lond.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)25 : Ne mowe we alle Latin wite..Ne French ne þis oþer spechen Þat me mihte in world sechen.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)153b/b : Danubio..is y-clepede downow in þe comune speche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2261,2267 : Naman oþer vndirstode O his spece wat he wald sai; þar tunges ware delt fra þat dai..þar war al þe speces [Göt: spechis] delt þat now ouer-alle þe werld er melt.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.22 : Ye knowe ek that in forme of speche is chaunge Withinne a thousand yeer, and wordes tho That hadden pris, now wonder..straunge Us thinketh hem.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)12 : Of hys name a cite full rych Cald Cai releyr in Bruttons spech.
- ?a1425 Chaucer TC (Hrl 3943)1.395 : But eke save þat our spechis differens, I dare wel seyn in al that Troylus Sayd in his songe lo euery word right þus.
- a1450(c1405) Purvey Determ.(Trin-C B.14.50)174/142 : A man of Lonndon..hadde a Bible in Englische of norþen speche.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)2.159 : Men of Englonde..borowe moche in theire speche now..thro the commixtion with the Danes and..the Normannes.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)19/22 : This boke..I have translated..fro Arabik speche into Latyne.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)41/34 : Chese the an eloquent man knowyng all or many speches.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)70/9 : It was founde in a stone writen..in Caldee speche, that a kyng and Intellect ben brethern.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6581 : Þe speche þat Adam spak Or þat he Goddes heste brak..is Ebrew.
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton:EETS)13/10-11 (f.40vb) : Tofore the byldyng of that tour was but one maner speche in all the world, and ther were made lxxij speches.
c
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)51a/b : In þe side of þe spondiles of þe backe..þer is summe maner musculous fleische lyinge, and þei ben as it were a matras to þe sinewes þe whiche be cleped in comune speche [L vulgariter] longe.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)159a/b : Þes ben simpel repercussiue medicines..þe whiche ben cleped repercussiues after þe comune maner speche, but not properlye.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)94/24 : Antrax..is cleped..bona buba, i. good byle, by contrarie speche [L per antifrasim], for it [is] werste and most perilouse.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)15/27 : Tamyse, the whiche coruptly in owre comyn speche we clepyn Temse.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)58 : For he that shuld al commyn peple teche, He most for theym vse playne & comon speche.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1443 : Lat no man bisy hym this art for to seche, But if that he thentencioun and speche Of philosophres vnderstonde kan.
- a1450 Dur-CRO Bk.Hawking (Dur-CRO Roll D/X/76/7)28/103 : The kyndly spech of a hawk: This is a fayre hawke, a hye hawke, and a lang hawke, and a short hawke, or a schort thike hawke.
- a1475 Hrl.Bk.Hawking in Studia Neoph.169 : Who so woll lerne the kyndely speche of haukynge, many þer ben þat hereafter svythe.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)112a/a : Þou schalt first vndirstonde þat in þis maner of speche þer ben two manere of cankris, þat is to seie Cancer vlceratus..Et Cancer non vlceratus vel absconditus.
- a1486 Sln.Bk.Hawking (Sln 3488)139 : This is the maner of keping of Sparhauke and Goshauke and of the kindely speche, speking of hem in here kindely termes.
e
- c1450 Add.19046 Treat.Syntax (Add 19046)204/541 : A gerundyfe in '-do' may be in speche iij maner of wysys.
f
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)102/19 : Herisipila foloweþ þe movynge of þe tercien, for it haþ a hye speche [*Ch.(1): proporcion; L analogiam] to þe mater þerof.
8.
In comb.: fore ~, one who advocates or intercedes, an intercessor.
Associated quotations
- c1425 Evang.(BodAdd C.38)1853 : To þe fadir he [Jesus] is oure forespeche.