Middle English Dictionary Entry
skin n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | skin n.(1) Also skin(n)e, sckin, scin(ne, scine, schin, shine, chin, skene, (?error) skijn, (error) kyn; pl. skins, etc. & skinnus, skinse, schinnes, skein(n)es, (error) skymys. |
Etymology | ON (cp. OI skinn) & OE scinn (from ON). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
(a) The outer covering of the human body, skin; ~ of the smitinge, the skin at or near the location of a wound; maken ~, to cause skin to grow again; (b) a specific part or section of the skin; also, a flap of skin used to close a wound [quot.: c1475, last]; an empti ~, a withered or loose piece of skin; (c) foul skinnes, an eruptive skin disease of some kind; (d) in fig., allusive, and prov. expressions; pore skinnes, poor people.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)p.149 : Homme et femme unt la peel [glossed:] hyd, the chyn [vr. the skyn].
- ?c1335 Earth(1) (Hrl 913)2/18 : Þan schullen an hundred wormes wroten on þe skin.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)4 : Et p[e]il cresceant sur la peal: And here growe[n]de on the skyn.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3122 : I vow to god thow hast a ful fair skyn.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.2469 : Sche is whit of skin.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)28/12 : Þe skyn [vr. schyn]..is temperat in al her qualitees & it is maad of smale þredis of veynes, senewis, & arteries, þat makiþ him censible.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2467 : Þe scyn and fless bath rafe he down.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)37b/b : Þe skynne is a coueringe of þe bodie.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)102a/a : Þe colour of him maie not be represented to þe skynne of þe flesche, þat is to seie, to þe superficie of þe bodie.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)170a/a : It encarneþ wunderlie wele & regenderþ & makeþ skynne and represseþ hete þat is ouer passinge.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)399/2 : Hande wormes ben smale bestes þat maken holowe waies and freten bytwene þe fleisshe and þe skyn.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)380 : Seynt Cycile..Wered next hir skyn a hayir ful boystous.
- a1450 Of alle þe ioyus (Cmb Dd.11.89)213 : The skyn that His swete fleyȝsch was wrapped in..Many thousand holes were mad therin.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)83 : Saueyne..wil make þe skyn for to glittere or shine.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2918 : When a man in that cuntre Falleth sike and deede shal be..his wife shal haue his skynne To make a garnement to gone inne.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)85/4 : He made him alle quycke to be flayne that ther shal no partie of his body be coverid with the skynne, but alle rede rawe fleish.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)125b/b : Þe skyn of þe smytynge is þinne & smal so þat in þat neischenesse is perseyued open brusynge.
- c1475 St.Marg.(3) (Brm)231 : They ded reue the skyn frome þe fleysse.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)954 : Emare..was so bryght of skynne.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.247 : Aforn þis dom gon many tokenys of warnynge to synful wrechis, as age, sekenesse..rymplyng of skyn, fatyng of colour..and deth of oþere.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)374 : Cryspe was her skyn, her eyen columbyne.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.9.25,26 : I shal visiten vp on eche þat haþ þe vtmost skyn of þe ȝerde [WB(2): prepucie; L præputium] vncircumcidid..for alle jentilis han þe vtmost skyn of þe ȝerde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1681 : Hire chekes..rivelen as an emty skyn Hangende doun unto the chin.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)66a/a : Þe skyn of þe visage is more þinne & more sotile þan oþir.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)19/19 : A skyn þat enclosiþ a wommans priuy membre, þe sixte fingre of þe hond, & manye superfluytees..beþ nouȝt semelich to a mannys body.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)94b/b : Ypocras seiþ þat ȝif..þe þynne skynne on þe ende of þe ȝerde be kitte, þat fro þat tyme furþe þei neiþer growe neiþer be consouded aȝeine but ȝif it be in souking childerne.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)135a/a : Þer ben pustules white and rede and it cummeþ euermore of fume oþer of venimous mater wiþ holden and stopped inne atwixe þe prepucium & þe skynne of þe ȝerde.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)17a/b : Two vtilites y fynde in þe skyne of þe heed.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)44b/b : Þe vttere part is a double skyn or a tuf þat men callen prepucium.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)44b/b : This ilke skyn is meuable for þoruȝ his confricacioun the spermatyk mater schulde be þe bettere y-gaderid togidere and þe raþere y-cast out of þe ballokis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)121a/a : Whanne þis is doon, clense þe wounde & þanne regendre fleisch and brynge ouer a skyn.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1956 : But ley on strokes swyfte: Our on schall oþer lyfte Þat hedde of be þe skynne!
c
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)390/2 : Thise infecciouns..If þai ben grete, þai ben clepede panni, i. cloþes or foule skynnes [*Ch.(1): webbez].
d
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)81/5 : Oure eȝen byeþ fyeble þet ne zyeþ bote þet skin wyþ-oute.
- 1372 Gold & al (Adv 18.7.21)3 : I wolde ben clad in cristis skyn, Þat ran so longe on blode.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Jer.13.23 : Defoulid ben þi foot soles if chaunge mai an etheope his skyn.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.379 : Þe Blewman chaungeþ nouȝt liȝtliche his skyn.
- c1390 ?Hilton Qui Habitat (Vrn)56/6 : And he is laft as naked & as pore as a mon [?read: mon robbed] of al þe gode þat he had to þe bare skynne.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.732 : Lo how I vanysshe, flessh and blood and skyn.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1273 : The deuel out of his skyn Hym terue, I pray to god, for his falshede.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Abp.& N.(Phys-E)p.88 : His skin was klungen to the bane, For fleische apon him was thar nane.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Job 2.4 : A man schal ȝyue skyn for skyn.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)92a/b : Who so euer haue a wounde & þe wounde be enpostumed & he haue a feuer þerwiþ, he is not siker of his owne skynne.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)73 : Tyrauntis..taken here skyn fro þe bak.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.BC (Trin-C R.3.20)84 : I am but skyn and boon.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)98/21 : Þei sey þat þei be tendur of flessh and skynne, þat þei may not suffre non suche penaunce.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)17/494 : Y shulde..The wofulle lijf vnto yow to biwray Which shertith me more nerre than doth my skyn.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)2.32 : Þey plucked þe plomayle from þe pore skynnes.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)168 : As þe tabernacull of cedar wythowt yt ys blake Ande wythine as þe skyn of Salamone full of bewty.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)9493 : Venus þe lymes shapeth she..The mone, þe nailes and þe heer..And a faire skyn him in-to wynde, Whiche bicomeþ him wel of kynde.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)162/136 : He would goe wood..and flye out of his skynne.
- a1605(c1422) Hoccl.Compl.(Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)303 : This troubly lyfe hathe all to longe enduryd, not have I wyst how in my skynne to turne.
1b.
(a) Anat. An internal membrane, lining, or covering tissue; also, the placenta; (b) ~ of the brain, ?the outer surface of the brain; the smal ~, the cornea; the two skinnes of the eie, the iris and the cornea; thinne ~ of the wombe, thinne wombe ~, the lining of the stomach.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)55a/a : Þese holes ben I-holed with certeyn smale skynnes, þe whiche skynnes openeþ and sendiþ blood fram þe herte to þe spirit.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)68a/b : Þis skyn is þe mater of Embrio, þat is, þe helinge & þe coueringe of þe childe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)314b/a : Moch fumosite filleþ þe heed and streccheþ the tender skynnes of þe brayn.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)168/5 : Þat skyn þat is wiþinne þe stomak is norischid with moisture of mete.
- (a1400) *Barton's Urines (Sln 280)f.283v : Þai makiþ of hem self a skyn wiþouten hem þat is cleput secundyne, wheryn þe childe is in þe modir.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)38a/a : Þer is a..maner of skynne þe whiche couereþ þe members wiþ inne & þat is cleped properlie a pannikel.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)24/19 : Of sekenessis of þe moder as is closyng þerof or makynge wyde þe kekir drawyng out of þe childe and þe skyn in þe whiche he is involuede.
- ?a1450 Lanfranc (Add 12056)5/12 : Of wommen þat haþ scyne withynne here schape þat sche ne may nouȝt conseywe.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)64 : Of wermode make a suffumigacon, and it wole drye vp þe skyn þat þe childe lieþ in to his moderis wombe.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)39a/b : The lyuere..is lappid in a senewy skyn for þre causis.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)115a : A Skyn þat þe childe is lappyd in [Monson: in jn] the wome..Imen, Matrix.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)184/13 : Þer sprynge owte fro þe roote of þe brayn sotel skynnys, lyght [Lambeth: light thynne skynnes] as þe webbe of an arenne.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)751/2 : Munda, matrix, steria: a schyn that a schyld ys consevyd in.
b
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)249/21 : Cateracta is water þat falliþ doun bitwixe þe ij skynnes of þe iȝe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)67a/a : Þe firste skille is for it enuirouneth þe þinne skinne of þe wombe.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)452/5 : In þe arerynge vp of vngula, but ȝif it be slyely done, it is peryle of brekynge þe smalle skyn [*Ch.(1): membrane most corneam].
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)41a/b : He haþ a þinne wombe skyn.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)749/26 : Fren: the sckyn of the brayne.
2.
(a) The external covering of an animal's body, sometimes including the fur; the skin of a snake or fish; also, an internal membrane [quots.: a1398, 3rd & ?c1425, 2nd]; hard ~, ?thick skin; ?the shell of a shellfish; (b) a stripped animal skin, pelt, hide, often used as clothing; ?also, a fur or skin lining [quot.: a1500 Rule Minoresses]; ~ grene, untreated hide; raue ~, an untreated hide; the golden ~, the Golden Fleece; (c) the prepared skin of an animal, leather; also, a piece of leather; also, a garment made of leather; [some quots. may belong to 2.(b)]; ded ~; (d) the skin of a sheep, calf, etc. prepared for writing or painting on; also, a piece of such prepared skin, sometimes with writing on it; ~ of parchemin, ded (dedli, mortal) ~, shepes ~; (e) Bibl., translating L pellis: a tent curtain; also, a tent or the canopy or roof of a tent; (f) in proverbs and prov. expressions; (g) in cpds. & combs.: barm ~ [see barm n.2.]; bere ~ [OE bera-scinn; see also bere n.1.(c)]; bouge ~ [see bouge n.(2)(a)]; bul ~ [see bul n.3b.(a)]; calf ~ [see calf n.2.(b)]; camel ~ [see camel n.(b)]; coning ~ [see coning n.3.]; cordewaner ~; cou ~; der ~ [see der n.3.(b)]; ele ~ [see ele n.(3) 2.(d)]; fox ~ [see fox n.1.(c)]; got ~ [see got n.5a.(a)]; hare ~ [see hare n.2.(a)]; hert ~; hors ~ [see hors n.8.(i)]; houndes-fish ~ [see also hound(es-fish n.(b)]; kide ~ [see also kide n.1.(c)]; lomb ~ [see lomb n.6.(b)]; naddre ~ [see naddre n.1.(b)]; oxe ~; parchemin ~ [see also parchemin n.(d)]; ribbe ~ [see ribben v.]; rone ~ [see rone n.(b)]; sele ~ [see sel(e n.(2)(b)]; shep ~ [see shep n.3.(a)]; vellum ~, a piece of calfskin; wol ~ , a sheepskin.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1825 : He kisseth hire..With thilke bristles of his berd vnsofte Lyk to the skyn of houndfyssh sharp as brere.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)66a/a : The skyn is þe vtmest partie of þe body of a beest & hatte cutis in latyn.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)66a/b : Eueriche beest wiþ blood haþ kyn [read: skyn], & if þe skyn is I-hulde it haþ no felinge.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)149b/b : The Mirdrommel..is a bridde þat..haþ smale skynnes in his gewes in þe whiche he takeþ first mete and þanne sendiþ it to þe secounde woombe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)267a/b : Whanne frost is nyh þis serpent chaungeþ his skynnes.
- c1400 Sln.468 Cook.Recipes (Sln 468)88.26/2 : Tak plays or fresch meluel or merlyng & seth it in fayre water & þan tak awey þe skyn &..bones & presse..in a cloth, [etc.].
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3839 : A Tigre..of body resembleth the lyoun, And..Ek of his Skyn..lich a panter.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)187b/b : It wille falle aweie as it were þe skynne off a snake.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)382/27 : His hide be crispe as a gandres skynne.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)607/1 : Take of swynes grece iclensede fro his skynnes [*Ch.(1): þe litel skynnez; L penulis], temprede in vynegre, [etc.].
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)91/15 : Dowtyr, for þu art so buxom to my wille & cleuyst as sore on-to me as þe skyn of stokfysche cleuyth to a mannys handys whan it is sothyn.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)19/14 : So þei aren in cloþing prisoned..hem bihoueþ be drawen out as an ele out of his skyn.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)109/326 : It is good for al-manere schabbe & al oþer filþe & maladie þat gendereþ on þe skyn.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)1b : Do hem to howse in cold wedyr, for þei haue but litil harre, and for here skyn is þinne.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)62/10 : It longith..to [a] shepparde to sher his shepe..but not to flee theim and tere their skyn.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)63/3 : Me most beware of tho fisshes that ben of grete substance and of hard skynne, for such fisshes comonly ben venemous.
- a1500 Bod.EMisc.Lapid.(BodEMisc e.558)33/299 : The begantoneles is spekelid as a roois skyn.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)3749 : The addre also haþ longe lijf..His skyn he newiþ euery ȝere.
b
- (1325-6) Sacrist R.Ely 255 : Item, in..Campanis trussand. de ferro Dni..In selisskymys [read: selisskynnys] empt. ad easdem, 4 s.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)137/9 : He is ase þet simple ssep ine huam al hit is guod and profitable and wolle, and skin, and uless.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2590-92 : William hent..þe hert & meliors þe hinde, & a[s] smartli as þei couþe þe skinnes of-turned; eiþer gamliche gan greþe oþer gailiche þer-inne þat þe skinnes sat saddeli sowed to hem boþe.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2142 : In stede of cotearmure ouer his harnays..He hadde a beres skyn colblak for old.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)181b/b : Also venemous beestes fleen Irysshe wolle and skynnes.
- (a1399) Oath Bk.Colchester9 : A skyne of a schep, that is to wetene, j dos. from scheryng yn to myhelmesse, l d. ob.
- a1400 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/1)p.56 : No man ne may bygge leþer grene ne skyn grene in þe towun.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.259 : Pedlere..wolde kille hem, yf he cacche hem [cats] myȝte for coueitise of here skynnes [vr. schynnes].
- c1400 Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)13/10 : Ion þe Baptist wente into deserte and cloþed him with a skyn of a chamule.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)Heb.11.37 : Þei han gon aboute..in rough cloþyng, in gaytis skynnus.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)175a/b : A ducheman þat was cledde alle in skynnes, wiþouten cloþe brouȝte þis oynement first to Parys.
- (1425-6) Red Paper Bk.Colchester49 : White Tawyers..leyen many diverse hides, that is to seyen, horshides..calvesskynnes, shepysskynnes, [etc.].
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)576 : Sir Iason..Tolde the cause of his comyng..to Cetes the kyng..And seyde that he was comen to wynne..the golden skynne.
- (1439) RParl.5.29a : All maner of Hides, Calves skynnes, Connyngfell, and Talowe..may bi thaym be lefefully caried.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)545 : Nest home stod kyng Hercules..The skyn off a lyon in ryght arme dyd embras.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)97a : Loke þou ordeyne þat þe leues of þe ȝates ben keuered & heled wiþ rawe hydes or skynnes.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)100b : Hornes also & rawe skynnes ben profitable to ben I-ge dred to keuere and to hele pauyses scheldes and oþre defensable gynnes of werre.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)236/12 : For þe stone..take þe schyn of an hare and brennet in a..potte.
- (1465-6) Acc.Howard in RC 57176 : They schal kontente me fore my parte of the skenes that were foffetede.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)428 : We saw sum men and wymmen covered with the skynnes of Tigres and panters.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)85/20-22 : Þey haue couertoures wiþoute skynnes wher wiþ þey may couer hem, But bi licence of þe Abbesse þo þat been syke may haue couertoures wiþ skynnes.
- a1500 Weights in RHS ser.3.41 (Vsp E.9)19 : xl skynnys make a tymber, as sabylles, ermyns, letys, beuer, foynys, martrons, otres.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3210 : Hiss girrdell wass off shepess skinn.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)569 : He ȝaf him robe of palle And pane of riche skinne.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.15.17 : He shal bee vnclene vnto þe euyn; clooþ & skyn þat he haþ he shal wasche wiþ water.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 1.6 : John was clothid with heeris of camelis and a girdil of skyn abowte his leendis.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Lev.13.59 : This is the lawe of lepre of cloth, wollun and lynnun, of warp and of oof, and of al purtenaunce of skiyn [WB(1): letherin purtenaunce], hou it owith to be clensyd, ethir to be defoulid.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)11b/b : Capapellis: a skyn vnder a cope.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)175b/a : Þe place oweþ to be defended so þat it be noȝt ȝetted bot wher a man wille, And þat wiþ a litel note shelle or a grete or with a skyn [Ch.(2): lether] or a cloþ cered.
- ?a1425 Wycl.CGosp.Luke (Cmb Kk.2.9:Hudson)26/250,254 : Deed werkis ben signified bi shoon; þerfore it is not worþi þat he þat takiþ þe office of prechyng..biholde ensaumplis of fonnyd werkis, leste he guesse his werkis to be strengþid as bi deed skynnes... Þes me..enforsent to strenþe her feet bi skynnes of deed beestis.
- (1446) Will York in Sur.Soc.45102 : De ij skyns de senys ledir, viij d.
- (1446) Will York in Sur.Soc.45102 : De j blak skyn.
- (1451) Doc.in Sharp Pageants Cov.26 : Payed for vj skynnys of whitleder to godds garment.
- (1464) Acc.Howard in RC 57262 : Item, the viij day of May, delyveryd to Rechard Clowthe in whyte shepis scynnis for a jakett, the prise, ix d.
- (1474) Let.Christ Ch.in RS 85.3272 : I have payd for..j reed scheppys skyn for the lynynge xiiij d.
- (a1475) Recipe Painting(2) in Archaeol.J.1 (Sln 73)154 : Scrape hem clene with a knyf al the grene poudre into a clene panne or a skyn.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)365 : Ther is also made of Sheepis skyn Pilchis & glovis to dryve awey the cold.
d
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)44/9 : Lang þing hit were to zigge and betere may ech man rede þe ilke zenne and þe oþre ine þe boc of his inwyt þanne ine ane ssepes scinne.
- c1350 Of alle þe witti (Add 45896)30 : Hyt Is a sori fare on such a sori chepusckyn alday for to stare.
- (1424) *Mun.B.Bridgewater1427 : Item, for a skynne of parchemet, ij d.
- (1447) *Ordin.Exch.(PRO) [OD col.]35.e.62(b).A.ij.b : Petycyons yf they conteyne halfe a skynne of parchemyn prystwyse.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1014 : We stowpe and stare vp-on þe shepes skyn, And keepe muste our song and wordes in.
- a1475 Limn.Bks.(Brog 2.1)74 : Thanne ley hit obrode one a skyne of parchement to dry in the sonne.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)123/24-5 : How than owteward may it be expressid be wrytyng? In mortal skynnys [Lambeth: in dedly skyns; Ashmole: in a dede skynne] how may it be depeyntyd? þat is to mene be þe skynne þat is vtter parte of body.
e
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)103.3 : Mi God, þou..Spredand out þe heuen as a skyn [L pellem], þe which couered þe alderheȝestnes wyþ waters.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)p.184 : Þe skynnes of þe londe of Madian shul ben trubled.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)SSol.1.4 : Blac I am but shaply as þe tabernaclis of cedar, as þe skynnes of salamon.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.54.2 : Opene þe place of þi tente & þe skynnes of þi tabernacle [L pelles tabernaculorum tuorum] strecche out.
f
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)230/4 : Þe priue cat bezengþ ofte his scin and zuo ne deþ naȝt þe wylde cat.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.423 : Þe fox may chaunge his skyn, but nouȝt his wille.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.351,354 : If the cattes skyn be slyk and gay, She wol nat dwelle in house half a day, But forth she wole..To shewe hir skyn and goon a caterwawed.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6259 : Who so took a wethers skynne And wrapped a gredy wolf therynne..Wenest thou not he wolde hem bite?
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)176/32 : Þere is difference..bytwene prayer of herte & prayer onliche of mouth as is..bytwene a beste & his skyn.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)295/23 : Qwen they haue that they desyryn, then comys forth a wulfe oute of lambes skynne.
- c1450 Dc.Prov.(Dc 52)p.50 : I kepe no more but the skyn of the catt.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)490 : Ther ys a wolffe in a lombys skyn.
g
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2420 : Þe bere schinnes from here bodi þei hent.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)285b/b : Kyde skynnes beþ y-vsed to hele woundes.
- (1400) Comp.R.in Frost Hullapp.20 : Pro v dus. hundefisheskyns, iiij dus. skuttefattes.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)116b/a : Enointe þe tone extremite..with glue of a cowe skinne.
- (1446) Will York in Sur.Soc.45102 : De ij cordwaner skynse, iiij d.
- (?a1450) Doc.in Dugdale Monasticon 1443 : She must be charged with all the ox-skeynes that she selleth.
- a1475 Limn.Bks.(Brog 2.1)85 : If hit be a velome skynne, lett hit be thereinne 9 days and 9 nyȝtes..and if hit be a perchement skyne, let hit ly thereinne 4 days and 4 nyȝtes, and knowe welle that a perchement skynne that is fatt is not beste for this ocupacion, but yf he be thyke, he is the better.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)61a : A Hartshyne [Monson: Hartskyn]: nembris [?read: membris].
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)197/36 : Tweyn dysciplis of Mastir Ypocras depeyntid his figur in a perchemen schyn [Lambeth: perchemyn].
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)361 : The wolle skynnys [vr. skeinnys] makith men to rise To gret richesse in many sondry wise.
3.
(a) The epidermis of a plant; the integument of a bulb or seed; the peel, rind, or skin of a fruit; the husk of flax; also, the membrane separating the kernel of a nut from its shell, endocarp; ?also, the bark of a tree [1st quot.]; -- prob. from misunderstanding of L; (b) the shell of an egg; (c) a stratum or layer of the earth; the film on the surface of a liquid.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 SLeg.Cross (Corp-C 145)169/75 : Ouer þe welle þer stod a treo..Ac it ne bar noþer lef ne rinde..An addre it hadde biclupt aboute, al naked wiþoute skynne [Leg.Cross BC(1)215: a serpent aboute the naked tree and bigoyng wrapped hym].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)215a/a : Garlek..haþ many leues and longe holwe stalkes in a þynne skyn.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)221a/a : Whanne þe heed of saffrone is greet and rype, he bigynneþ to be deperted and todelid and multiplied in many hedes wiþ here felle and skynnes and rootes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)236a/b : Þe curnel þat is wiþinne þe schale is closed and in þynne skyn to saue þe tendre curnell fro cold..þat skynne is more neisshe þan þe schale and more harde þan þe curnel.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)248b/a : Þat fruyt of siliqua is swete and a fynger longe and an vnche brode and þe skynne þer of is y-ete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)249a/b : Þe smale skynne of þe seed cleueþ, and the burgynge spryngeþ oute litel and litel.
- c1400 Daniel *Herbal (Arun 42)f.70v : Pomum citrinum, pom citrin, is of 3 manere kynde. The rynde, þe skyn of hym, i. þe parure, is hot & drye.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)24/1 : Take herdes þat beþ with-oute scyn and hewe hym smal and strowe on þe cankre.
b
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)39a/b : Puluer Haram preperate de corticibus ouorum gallinarum, i. of skynnez [Ch.(2): ryndes] of hennez eren.
c
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)107a/a : Þe moldewarpe holoweþ atwixe þe two skynnes of þe erþe.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)9/32 : Soone aftir ȝe schal se as it were a liquor of oyle ascende vp, fletynge aboue in maner of a skyn or or a reme; gadere þat awey wiþ a sotil spone or ellis a feþere.
4.
In surnames and place name.
Associated quotations
- (1221) Justice in Eyre R.in Seld.Soc.53977 : Roger Skin.
- (1251) Nickname in LuSE 55192 : Steph. Wlleskin.
- (1278-9) Assize R.Nhb.in Sur.Soc.88294 : Simon Skyn.
- (1281) in Fransson Surn.123 : Joh. Le Skynwassere.
- (1294) Doc.in HMC Var.Col.7250 : Richard Skinhose.
- (1298) Nickname in LuSE 5581 : Ric. Dogskyn.
- (1316) Nickname in LuSE 5556 : Will. Blacskyn.
- (1316) Pat.R.Edw.II582 : Seint Petrekyrk atte Skynmarket.
- (1327) Sub.R.Sus.in Sus.RS 10197 : Johe Skyn.
- (1379) Nickname in LuSE 55124 : Rob. Longskyn.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1525 Dc.54 Artist.Recipes (Dc 54) 263/15 : [T]ake a thyk skyn of parchymen well pomysyd..and wesche yt well..then take alyme and boyle yt yn fayr watyr, and wasche þy schynne þeryn.
Note: Postdates sense 2.(b) or (c). New spelling (schinne).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. skin.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 1a.(c)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. foul skin.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 1b.(b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. skin of the brain.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 1b.(b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. skin of the eye.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 1b.(b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. skin of the womb.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 1b.(b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. small skin.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 1b.(b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. womb skin.