Middle English Dictionary Entry
sẹ̄ǧe n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | sẹ̄ǧe n.(2) Also seg(ge, segh(e, seche, seage, cege & siege, seig(g)e, sige & (errors) schege, sigee; pl. seges, etc. & seȝes & segen, (early) segene, sigen. |
Etymology | OF siege, sege. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A seat; a chair, stool, bench; the ceremonial seat of a king, high official, an angel, etc., a throne; a seat in church, pew; a seat on the back of an ass; a chariot seat, a cart seat; ~ stol, ?a privy seat [see stol n., 1.(d)]; ~ tables, window seats; maken faire ~, to give (sb.) a comfortable seat; taken ~, take (one's) seat; (b) the part of a throne or of a saddle on which one sits; (c) ~ perilous, the seat of the Round Table reserved for the knight who should achieve the quest of the Grail; (d) an episcopal see; a high church office; (e) a headquarters, center of government, court; also, a religious center, shrine [last quot.]; (f) an abode; a place, region; the place where something is normally positioned, proper place; also fig.; (g) fig. a high position in the world; david(es ~, David's throne, the kingship of David; (h) juge ~, a judge's seat; juge ~ of god, the Judgment Seat of God.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)122/25 : Þis sege & þeose crunen haueð þin deciple þis ilke niht ofsaruet.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)158 : Þi sege [vr. sete] is maked in heuene bi forn ihesu.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)320,322 : Seue taperes weren in þe queor..And foure-and-twenti segene [Corp-C: segen; Hrl:Wright: sigen; Ashm: seges]..þe Abbodes sege [Hrl:Wright: sige] was a-midde þe queor.
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)171 : Þo he þat Aungel was, þoruȝ is wicke pruyte..he feol out of is heiȝe sege..To þe deope putte of helle.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)64 : Peter and..phelip..ladde fforþ þe asse..& þer-vp-on caste Hare cloþes & made oure lord an sege to sitte ffaste.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)77/194 : Nou was is manere eche day twelf pouere men to takes, And into is chambre lede hom, & faire sege hom make.
- c1330 Horn Child (Auch)590 : Houlac king wald nere wede, Þere he sat opon his seghe.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)6/54 : Þe segh [vr. sete] was in þe halle.
- (1365) in Salzman Building in Engl.93 : [For setting] segetables [in the windows].
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.19.28 : Ȝe shulen sitt on twelue setis, or seegis [L sedes], demynge the twelue kynredis of Yrael.
- (1400) Will York in Sur.Soc.4516 : j codd pour le charet, et j sege.
- a1400 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Pep 2498)p.31 : Aboute þe sege ben foure and twenty seges [vr. setis; F sieges], and on þe foure and twenty seȝes [F thrones] sitten foure and twenty grete oiþer olde.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)103b/b : Þe pacient raised vp on a sege or a stole [Ch.(2) sete; L sellam], put..his armehole in a gree of a scale, i. in a rong of leddre, And..drawing strongli þe arme bi a minystre, be þe sege remoued fro vnder his feete.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)64 : Cege of syttynge: Sedile.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2478 : Thane was þe prynce puruayede and þeire places nommen..and plattes [read: planted] in seegge.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1872 : Þou..sittis, as þou sais, in sege as ane Aungell.
- (1454) Acc.Yatton in Som.RS 496 : For an ernyste to J. Hykkes in makyng of segs, j d.
- (1454) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.140 : [A] perche [and a] sege [for a chariot], 6 d.
- (1460-65) Acc.St.Andrew Hubbard in BMag.31396 : Payde to a Carpenter ..for a Sege stole.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)572/10-11 : Than wente kynge Arthure unto the seges aboute the Rounde Table and loked on every syege whyche were voyde that lacked knyghtes.
- (1484-85) Acc.Ashburton in D&CRS n.s.155 : 8d. [from] John Gye [for a ] sege.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Spencer 19)1.12.9a : Cometh forth hastely and taketh ȝour seges.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)39/21 : To such folke shal be yevyn..a scharpe and a harde iugement, namely suche as sitt in the high seeges.
b
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)183/27 : The sydes of the sege of his throne ben of Emeraudes & bordured with gold.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)56/35 : Þe trone was all of golde &..þe sege þare-offe was vii..cubetez heghe fra þe grounde.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)6456 : Come rydyng in..A worthy wyghte..Apon a palfreye..In a sadull all off sylke, The sege off rewell bone.
c
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)470 : Merlyn..sett the sege perilous..semely one highte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)101/34 : In the Sege Perelous there shall nevir man sitte but one.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)860/8 : He lad hym to the Syege Perelous where besyde sate sir Launcelot.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.131 : Galaad..came at meate..And sate hym downe in the siege pereleous Of the table rounde, where none durst sitte afore.
d
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2813 : Change worþ of bissopriches, & þe digne sege [B: se]..Worþ ybroȝt to kaunterbury.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)7760 : He sente hider þe byschop Germeyn..He kepte þe sege [vr. see] of the apostoylle.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)50 : It is an horrible þing þat in sum kirkes..ani þing be askid for bischoppis, abbots, or oþer personis, to be putt in þer segis.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)51 : We forbede more strengliare þat þeis þings be no more do þus, so no þing be askid for personis of þe kirk to be browt in to þer segis.
- a1500(c1400) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)35 : Now of þis Augustynes art is Erkenwolde bischop..Syttes semely in þe sege of Saynt Paule mynster.
e
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)138/7 : In þat cytee was the firste sege [Man.(2): see; F sieges] of the kyng of Mancy.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)140/23 : In this cytee is the sege of the grete Cane.
- a1475(?1445) ?Lydg.Cal.(Rwl B.408)110 : I wil now me walke from sege to sege, And pray to help me now euery saynt.
f
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2183 : Þoȝ þe dore were strong & huge, wiþ þe strok sche fleȝ Out of þe Hokes & fram hir sege x vet..wel neȝ.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.347 : Passe we out of þese seges [Higd.(2): setes and places; L sedibus].
- c1390 ?Hilton Qui Habitat (Vrn)37/13 : Þe soule of a rihtwys mon is heuene and þe sege of vr lord.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)79b/b : Þe forþer partye of þe heed is þe sege & sete of blood.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.311 : Ther is a surgiene in þis sege þat soft can handle.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.16 : Is this the librarye which that thou haddest chosen for a ryght certein sege [vr. sete; L sedem] to the in myn hous?
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.281 : Thou thiselve, that art plaunted in me, chacedest out of the sege of my corage alle covetise of mortel thynges.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)40a/b : Þei schulde ben a sege & a resting place & a matras of summe sinewes in þe ioyntes.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)65/11 : The soule..which hath loste in him the seege of counceill outeward..is disparbelid in dyuers desires.
g
- c1375(?c1280) SLeg.Advent,etc.(Eg 1993)83/347 : Icleped he worþ..Þe heiȝe godes sone, & oure lord him wole do And ȝiue him dauiþes sege.
- c1375(?c1280) SLeg.Advent,etc.(Eg 1993)84/400 : Miȝti men he haþ al a doun ido Of here sege, & mekliche men iheiȝed he haþ also.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)99/163 : He sall be God and called God sonne; Dauid sege..Sall God hym giffe to sytte vppon; Als kyng for euer regne sall hee.
h
- c1400 *Aelred Inst.(1) (Vrn)1124 : Now naþeles, þe false iugge pilat sit sollennely in þe iugge sege.
- c1400 *Aelred Inst.(1) (Vrn)1629 : Suster, byþenk þe now in þyn owne herte as þey þu were..to-fore þe iugge sege of god.
2.
(a) A privy, latrine; a chamber pot, stool; ~ hous, an outhouse; gon (wenden) to ~, to go to stool, void the bowels or bladder; (b) the seat of a privy; ~ persed; (c) evacuation of the bowels or bladder; haven a (maken) ~, to evacuate.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)168/31 : A man schulde not, as soone as he hadde ete, anoon riȝt go to sege [L sellam] as doiþ a beest.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)68b/b : He goþ yuel to sege and vrinez.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)72/7 : Þe pacient long tyme afore went noȝt to sege.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)181/3 : In hys last days he turnyd childisch..& lakkyd reson þat he cowd not don hys owyn esement to gon to a sege.
- ?a1450 Lanfranc (Add 12056)12/39 : Ȝif he may noȝt go to sege [Ashm: schite] onys a day, helpe hym þereto oþere wit clysterye oþere with suppositorye.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)221/10 : When þe barn was..born, sho slew it &..keste it in-to a sege.
- c1470(?1458) Wey Prevision (Bod 565)6 : Take a barel wyth you close for a sege for yowre chambur in the galey.
- (1466) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.37 : We..demed..that the said William Smyth and Margery his wyf shuld..breke upp the Tuwell of þe said Sege..that they hadd stopped upp with brike, lyme, and sand.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.409 : Thei make seges [L latrinas] of filthe afore the durres of theym.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.105 : That traytour Edricus..wente prively under a sege [Trev.: þe prive hous; L domo purgatoria] at Oxenforde, and when the seide Edmund come to þat place to do the dewte of nature, he was putte thro the body.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)109b : A Sege or a priuey: Cloaca, gumphus.
- (1480-82) Acc.St.Andrew Hubbard in BMag.32150 : Paid to a mason to make the sege, ij d...; item, paid to a man to ferme the sege in the seid house, xx d...; paid..for the vent of the sege.
- a1525(?1440) Cov.Leet Bk.194 : The sege houses in þe West-orcherd were graunte to hym..and he to newe bylde theym.
b
- (1400) in Salzman Building in Engl.283 : [A new] seeg [for the King's latrine].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)95a/a : Þise chaufours..ar made on..o maner þat þe medicyne cocte in som potte vnder a sege [Ch.(2): stole; L sella] ypersed, and sittyng..þe vapour be receyued bi þe nyþermore parties.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)244/5 : He went vnto a seage & sett hym down þer-on to ease hym.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)100/271 : Emerauntis or piles: Take a panne..and hete a littell stone glowynge and put ther on the levys of..moleyn, and put it vnder a cheyre or vnder a stole with a segge that the smoke..may ascend to thi foundment.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)119 : Pro emoroydys: [t]ake astool wyþ a schege as hit is by fore seid for þe fluxe.
- (1474) *Will Ld.Mountioye (Somerset Ho.) [OD col.] : A comon sege for thaim alle of iiij holes.
- a1500 7 Sages(1) (Cmb Ff.2.38)201/820 : As y wente to nyȝt on my preuyte, On the sege then sate y.
c
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)148a/b : If þer be cachochimie, forsoþ 2 purgacionz is gode..by vomite & bi sege [Ch.(2) laxatyf; L secessum].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)158a/b : Þer shal noȝt be made memorance bot of þat þat is bi cecesse, i. sege, and bi vomite.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)68/172 : A Suppository for the Colyke: Take a bladder..and bynd the mowth of the bladder to an holow pype of elleme..and put in hote water..and þen put the pype wele in to þe fundement..And he shall sone haue A seege.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)276/891 : To mak a suppositorye..make round wekys as a mannes littel fynger sharp at on end..put in the fundement..and he shall haue a segge sone.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)954 : Wayte þat ye haue watur to wasche & towelle alle way aftur slepe and sege.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)60/6 : These dryen, feblen, and maken leene the body..to entre bathes there as sulphure water is, and sitte longe ther-yn..to..make many seeges [Abbrev.Trip.: to miche goinge to pryue].
3.
(a) The act or process of besieging a city, castle, etc., a siege; thei of the ~, those under siege; (b) an encampment of besiegers; a company of besiegers; assailen ~, to attack the besiegers; (c) a pictorial representation of a siege; also, a literary account of a siege [1st quot.]; also in book titles and colophons; ben of the ~, to depict a siege pictorially; (d) in selected phrases: breken (putten awei, remeven) ~, to relieve a siege; comen to ~ ward, come toward the siege; continuen (lengen in) ~, continue a siege; don (maken) ~, bring siege; holden (kepen) ~, carry on a siege; leien (plaunten, putten, setten) ~, lay siege; lien at (in) ~, lie in siege; maintenen ~, resist a siege.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11625 : Sir simond..Bisegede þo an castel..& is fader him word sende Þat he bileuede þulke sege & toward him wende.
- c1330(?a1300) Rich.(Auch)118/94 : Þis sege haþ last þis seuen ȝer.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.28.57 : Þei sholyn ete hem priueyleche for þe scarsnes of alle þyngys in þe sege [WB(2): bisegyng; L obsidione].
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.56 : In Gernade at the seege eek hadde he be.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1082 : The Greks..founde that..be no Siege it myhte availe The toun to winne.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2525 : Brutus..boȝed hider..After þe segge & þe asaute watz sesed at Troye.
- (1401-2) Let.in Ellis Orig.Let.ser.2.114 : A Seche ys y ordeynyd at the Castell that i kepe, and that ys gret peril for me.
- ?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)291/2 : Whan þey of þe sege sawen & herd hov þat þe King Edward had sped, þey ȝolden to him þe toun, with þe castell.
- c1430 Chaucer TC (Cmb Gg.4.27)4.1480 : Þe sege neuere schal a-ryse..Til we be slayn & doun oure wall torn.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3020 : Sike a siȝt & a sowme..Was neuer sene..sen þe sege of troy.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.66/11 : Duryng þe sege of þe castell of oxonforde..was beeldid þe chapell of Seynte thomas.
- c1475(?c1451) Worcester Bk.Noblesse (Roy 18.B.22)45 : Humfrey..brought in subjeccion, beforce of siegislieng [read: siegis lieng] among youre adversaries..the castelle of Chierbourgh, the cite of Bayeux..and Valoignez, withe alle othir forteressis and villages in that marcher.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)163/26 : The Sigee [read: Siege] of Troy durid ten yere.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9762 : The worthiest of þe worle..Are assemblit to þis sege in a sad ost.
b
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.937 : We losten alle oure housbondes at that toun, Whil that the sege [vr. seche] ther aboute lay.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.121 : Þe Londreis..þe sege..gan assaile, & tok hir [Queen] at þe mete.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.114 : Shad I nat þe blood..For ȝoure sake of þe kyng..And þe tresour in his cofres souȝt, And al y-fere to þe sege y-brouȝt?
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1909 : Nysus doughter stod upon the wal And of the sege saw the maner al.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.929 : A tyme prouyded to his auauntage, Thoruh the siege to maken his passage.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)102/21 : His doughtir was..brouȝt oute of þe cite & ledde to þe sege among þe Grekis, where hir fadir was.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)1029 : Vnto þe sege he hym hastede.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)319/34 : They com to a playne and saw..many pavylons and tentys and a fayre castell, and there was muche smoke and grete noyse, And..they com nere the sege.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)321/9 : He..so blew the horne..that all the seege and the castell range thereoff.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.189 : Cam tydyngis to hym þat þe cite was besechyd..but onon as tyme of syngynge was pasyd, þat seche vanchyd away.
- a1500(?c1450) Florence (Cmb Ff.2.38)874 : So longe logyd the sege there That þey wythynne nere famysched were.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)202 : Thei were loigged at a seige [F siege] be-fore a Citee cleped Nablaise.
c
- (1415) Hoccl.Oldcastle (Hnt HM 111)197 : Rede the storie of Lancelot de lake..The seege of Troie or Thebes.
- (1415) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)46 : Y wul..þat Elizabeth my wief have..ij costours steyned with þe sege of Troye.
- c1425 Siege Jerus.(1) (Hnt HM 128)p.1 : Here begynneth þe seege of Ierusalem [vr. Segge of Ierusalem off Tytus and Vaspasyane].
- ?a1450 Siege Calais (Glb E.9)p.156 : Explicit the sege off Caleys.
- c1450 Siege Thebes (Rwl D.82)p.272 : Here endeth the Sege of Thebes.
- c1450 Siege Troy(2) (Rwl D.82)p.272 : Here bigynneth the Sege of Troye.
- (1462) Paston (EETS)1.109 : Item, viij costers of aras..wherof on is of the sege of Phalist.
d
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1909 : Also þai in þe sege lay, Fiue barouns com.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1894 : When þai al icomen beþ, Þe douke of Lowayn he sege deþ [vr. besegeth].
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2658 : Þei no lenger in no maner miȝt meyntene þat sege.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Eccl.9.14 : Þer cam aȝen it a gret king & besegede it, &..ful maad is þe sege.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.202 : Unto hire lord and love liege, To Troie, wher the grete Siege Was leid, this lettre was conveied.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1185 : Þenne watz þe sege sette þe cete aboute.
- (1418) MSS PRO in App.Bk.Lond.E.294 : Raulyn ansuerde and seyde he lay atte sege be-fore Roon.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.426 : Sodeynly he þe sege brak.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)27/171 : Sir Edward, oure king..Held his sege bi nightes and dais With his men bifor Calays toune.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)19864 : With sex thousand men..To þe sege ward he com.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.54/2 : That were nedefull to the hoyste lyynge at that seygge.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)355 : Send prekers to þe price toun and plaunte there my segge, Bot if þay profre me þe pece.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)114/27 : Þe Grekis..had longe kepte sege afore þe cite.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)109b : He þat wil sikerliche legge a sege..mote warde his peple al aboute wiþ a depe diche.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.353 : They..sien there Tholome..That Comeng was tho to the segeward.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1029 : A cite he asailes & in sege lengis.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)157/20 : He fond many Scottis þat come to remeue þe sege of Berwik.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1187/9 : Than cam kynge Arthure..wyth a grete oste and leyde syge all aboute Joyus Garde.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.91 : Whiche can not fiȝhte and put seges to cites.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)2204 : He..leyd sege to the town.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)178/34 : Thay peynyd ham to contreue how thay myght..the Sige a-way Putte that longe tyme dured.
- a1500 Retinue Edw.III Calais (Lamb 306)81 : Kyng Edward..laide his segge to þe towne and castell of Callis, and ther contenewide his sege be water and londe.
4.
(a) A station of a heron on the watch for prey; also, as a term of association for herons or bitterns, a flock; (b) in place name [see Smith PNElem.2.117].
Associated quotations
a
- a1450 Terms Assoc.(1) (Rwl D.328)603 : A Sege of bitturos; a Sege of hayrons.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)224 : With hoo and howghe to the heron þay hitten hym full ofte..and brynges hym to sege.
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)231 : A beuy or a sege of heronez.
- c1475 in Hodgkin Proper Terms51 : A Sege of Betowrys; A Sege of hayrynnys.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : A Sege of heyrones; A Sege of bettoris.
b
- (1276) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.)455 : La Sege.
- (1378) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.)455 : Sege juxta Toppesham.
- (1423) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.)455 : Sege in Topsham.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500 Siege Jerus.(2) (Brog 2.1)70/1 : Al men þat wyll her of þe sege of Jerusalem, her ȝe may her of gret meraculs þat almytty God wroȝt to schow his goodnys and of gret vengans þat he toke for syn.
Note: Additional quote(s)