Middle English Dictionary Entry
savāciǒun n.
Entry Info
Forms | savāciǒun n. Also savacione, -co(u)n, sawacion, savaisione, sauvacioun, salvacioun(e, -co(u)n, -tion, -tiun & (errors) sanacioun, salucion. |
Etymology | OF sauvacïon, savacïon, salvacïon & L salvātio, -iōnis. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Protection or preservation from some present or threatened danger, trouble, calamity, etc.; deliverance from destruction; defense; (b) a state of safety, security; personal safety; ~ of thinges, safety; weie of ~, a secure way; withouten ani ~, without anyone being spared; (c) that which affords protection, a preserver, defender; (d) relief from an intolerable condition; in ~ of, for the relief of (sb.); (e) ~ of lif, preservation of life; for (in) ~ of lif, to save (someone's, one's own) life.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)179a/a : Þe whiche bestes..hath a ful heuy hede and..bereþ it alweye downeward toward þe erþe..by ordenaunce of kynde, for saluacioun [L saluti] of man and bestes, for he is so wickid and so venymous þat no man may biholde him ryȝt in þe face but he dye anoone.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)24/9 : Þe kyng axeþ myldliche of ȝou..and spendiþ hit..in ȝoure owne sauacioun & in defence of holy chirche, & of youre owne godes and catel.
- (1411) RParl.3.650b : I, havyng doute of harme of my body, in myn entent for salvation of myself, dyd assemble thise persones.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.59 : The wraththe of more myghty folk hath alwey ben despised of me for savacioun of right.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.169 : Shal I clepe it thanne a felonye or a synne that I have desired the savacioun of the ordre of the senat?
- (1450) Paston (Gairdner)2.127 : We..pray that this be enacte..for the surete and welfar of your most roiale person and savacyon of this your realme.
- (1450) RParl.5.204b : Hit hath cawsid us..to make supplicacion..for..aide..in savacion of the Ilond and of the Kinggs peple ther.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)1.164 : Be-hold nov the speed and the saluacyon Of the children of israel; god wolde hem not spylle.
- (1465) Paston (EETS)1.307 : In any thyng that he canne doo tochyng the savacyon of the dedys gode, othere in lyflode othere in othere godys, he sayth that he wyll doo.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)209/5 : Yche man..aught te renne as to the fyre to eschue the destruccion of his owne house and purchacing the saluacion of [CQ(2): to save..from distruccion] his neyghbours house.
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)159 : They..come downe to the gatys of the brygge in kepyng of the cytte ande savacyon of the cytte a-gayns the kyngys enmys.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)317 : All were adreynt excepte þe lady And the maister..But neither of hem knewe of otheris saluacion.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)226/2 : Decius..avowed hymself for to deye for sauacion of [CQ(1): for to saue] the legions that were vndir his condite.
- a1500 God of hewine (Tit A.26)187 : Be svyche men, I ondyr-stonde, May be the sawacyon of all a londe!
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.27.8 : Þe lord..is þe defendere of þe sauaciouns [WB(2): sauyngis; L salvationum] of his crist.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Joel 2.32 : Eche man that shal inclepe the name of the Lord shal be saaf, for in the hill of Syon and in Jerusalem shal be saluacioun.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2361 : Saluacion of thynges is wher as ther ben manye conseillours.
- (1397) RParl.3.379b : It was never myn entent ne my wyll..for to do thynge that schuld have bene distresse of harmyng azeyns the salvation of my lyege Loordys persone.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.744 : Achilles..sent him forþe..On his message streiȝt to Troye..Ȝif he myȝt..Fynde any waye of sauacioun Vn-to his lord.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3088 : For ȝoure sake..I shal iuparte My lif..To provyde for ȝour sauacioun.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1382 : The moeble which that I have in this town Unto my fader shal I take, and seye, That right for trust and for savacioun It sent is.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)208 : Saugh I thee, cruel Juno..crye..On Eolus..To blowen oute..So lowde that he shulde drenche Lord and lady, grom and wenche, Of al the Troian nacion, Withoute any savacion.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.318 : Helþe and sauacion ocupyyn þe wallys of þis cite.
c
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)p.184 : Þy chares ben sauacioun.
- a1400 MPPsalter (Dub 69)27.11 : Saluacion [Add: Our Lord ys..his defendour of þe bliscynges].
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.5600 : Þer cam doun from þe hiȝe heuene..a merueillous ymage..sent..For a relik..For a diffence and saluacioun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6464 : Þou sholdest..Raþer haue ben his protectioun, His myȝti sheld and sauacioun.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2768 : Good hope is her salvacioun [F garison].
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)213 : My righte lady, my savacyoun, Is in affray.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)42 : Hors..Hav be savacion to many a worthi knyht.
d
- (1422) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.123/61 : We compleyne gretely vpon the dong about the horspole wich is a right greuous nuysance wich hath longe contynued..and neuer remedie doo ther-too, wherfor we beseke yow..in saluacion of the kyngis pepul & in wrshipe of the Citee, that it mowe be amendid.
- (1423) Pet.Sutton in Fenland NQ 7307 : Besechys mekely the pore tenauntry..to..provei for remedie en salvacion of the said lordschip and tenaunts whiche stonde in way of utter destrucion without youre grace and succoure.
e
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.11.99 : Every beest travaileth hym to defende and kepe the savacion of his lif, and eschueth deeth and destruccioun.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)20 : Þus was trewe jugement had and pite exercised in sauacioun of þis mannis lif.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)95 : Who so euyr fled to ony cherch for sauacion of his lyf, þe cherch schuld saue him.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)5/19 : Ȝyf þou haue a..welle þat is depe wyth corrupt watyr..þe nedyth, for saluacyoun of þi lyif, to scope out þat corrupte watyr.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.52a : Your said Besecher..in salvation of his lyffe, hir lyfe, and the lyfes of all the other that..were within the..Maner..submitted hym to the said Riottours.
- a1500(a1470) Brut-1461(1) (Add 10099)527/3 : Þan þei, for saluacioun of þer lyves..thought forto remedie thise thinges.
2.
Theol.: (a) Deliverance from sin and damnation, redemption; admission to eternal life; -- also pl.; ~ of soule; (b) one who brings salvation, a savior; that which affords or conduces to salvation; also, one who affords spiritual comfort [1st quot.]; (c) dedes (weie) of ~, acts (a way of life) conducive to salvation; bringen (drauen, turnen) to ~, to bring (sb., the world) to salvation; comen to ~, achieve salvation; haven ~, be saved; techen ~, teach about salvation; werken ~, bring about salvation; (d) in oaths and asseveration.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)124/23 : As ȝef þu sehe iesu crist & herdest him easki þe hwet te were leouest efter þi saluatiun [Nero: sauuaciun].
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)788 : Þat on goþ to dampnacioun; Þat oþer, to sauuacioun.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.64 : By þe shippes ben bitokned þe prelates of þis werlde þat shulden beren oþere to þe ryuage of saluacioun.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.93 : Repentant folk that stynte for to synne and forlete synne..holy chirche halt hem siker of hire sauacion [vr. sauacione].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)20a/a : O þou soule..I-bouȝt wiþ cristis owne blood..eir of sauacioun [L salutis].
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4423 : Þe kyng..bad hym to be repentaunt, And þenk on hys saluacyun.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)17958 : His owen son shal he sende doun In erþe to monnes saluacioun [Ld: saluacoun].
- c1405 Chaucer CT.ML.(Elsm)B.283 : But crist that starf for our sauacion [Heng: redempcion] So yeue me grace his heestes to fulfille.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)381/13 : In clepynge Goddes help he schall..saie þat this passioun or sekenesse is saluacioun of þe soule.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)15.246 : That baptesme..Is thyn hol Savacioun [F sauvemens] In Certein.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3374 : As þou deydyst, Lord, on þe rode, Graunt me my peticioun..And graunte hym þi salucion [read: saluacion].
- a1450 Form Excom.(1) (Cld A.2)61 : I ȝow bydde & charge, for þe loff of cryste & savaysione off ȝoure sowles, þat ȝe vndurstand welle alle þeis poyntus.
- c1450(?c1400) Wycl.Elucid.(StJ-C G.25)27 : Petir louyde crist & resseyude in sauour of breed þe vertu of crist, þat was grace of sanacioun [read: sauacioun].
- c1475 *Bk.Marchalsi (Trin-C R.14.51)62a : Þou yoined thy precious body to the holy crosse for the saluacion of thy peple.
- a1500(?a1425) Chester Pl.Antichr.(Pen 399)502/323 : To dye withe you we wilbe bowne in hope of sawle salvacon.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Add 9066)383 : The fyrste sone..was full besy for to pray the saluacion of his modyrs soule.
- a1500 Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149)62 : For and thys Jhesu be sent from God; he ys come for the saluacyoun [F sauvete] of Crysten peple.
b
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.75 : Thow Cristes moder, doghter deere of Anne..O hauene, o refut, o sauacioun Of hem that been in sorwe and in distresse.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.285 : Iesu is to seyn Saueour, or Sauacioun, on whom men shal hope to haue foryifnesse of synnes.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)105a : For myn eyen haue seen þin heele and sauacon.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)7691 : Seyn poul..callyd yt..'The helm off helthe & off profyt' And commaundede men take hed ffor to sette yt on ther hed As for ther cheff Savacioun.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)364/251 : Heyl, incomparabil quen..of you spreng salvacyon.
- ?c1475 *Trev.Nicod.(Sal 39)139a : For myn eyȝen habuþ yseye þyn hele and sauacoun þat þou hast ygreyþed tofore þe face of alle þe people.
c
- a1275 On leome (Trin-C B.14.39)8 : He broutte to saluaciun þe world þat was ibrot adun þuru adam & eue.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)800 : Þis ilke shame..Draweþ al to sauuacioun.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)28/774 : Yf þe syke man hys gode..Þeȝ he hyȝt [Eucharist] cast op, hyt bylefþ Sauuacion to werche Ryȝt þere.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.11 : Donston..made hym besy to torne kyng Edgar his herte to dedes of savacioun.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.980 : After tyme that a man hath defouled his baptesme by synne, if he wole come to sauacioun, ther is noon oother wey but by penitence and shrifte and satisfaccioun.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)11.282 : For he kneuȝ on þe crois & to crist shref hym, Sonnere hadde he saluacioun þanne seint Ion þe baptist.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)108/34 : Alle her deedis ben deede whanne þei ben do in deedly synne as to wey of sauacioun, and if þe liȝt of feiþ be taken awey fro hem.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)682 : Thedir is Norbert goo..To drawe witȝ preching men to here sauacioun.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)15194 : But þere he stod þem to preche & þer sauacion for to teche.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)168/2 : Ȝit shuln we preie for hem, houeuer þei die..wiþ a condicion as if þei be in wei of sauacion, or if it please god.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)346 : Ne no thyng suld þai tech ne lere..Bot þat myght turn..Þair sogetes to saluacioune.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)20496 : What effect sholde haue Hys peyne or grete passioun To brynge vs to savacioun?
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)11888 : Alle of good conuersacioun Shullen come to sauacioun Þorgh þe vertue and þe mighte Of þat sacrament.
d
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.58 : Vp on this man, by my sauacioun, I trowe he lewedly telle wolde his tale.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1618 : Thow lixt..by my sauacioun!
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.848 : In effect he shal fynde it al oon, For bothe two, by my sauacioun, Concluden in multiplicacioun.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.381 : And, God so wys be my savacioun, As I have seyd, youre beste is to do soo.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.563 : And God so wys be my savacioun, As nevere of thyng hadde I no routhe moore.
3.
(a) The act or process of preserving an organism or a part of the body from destruction or decay; ~ of kinde, preservation of a species; (b) ~ of, the preservation of (sth.) from loss; (c) that which affords physical support; (d) pl. savaciouns of wines, means of or devices for preserving wines; (e) med. the process of healing, curation; also, that which heals [last quot.]; yeven ~ to..of, to cure (a horse) of (a condition).
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)39b/b : Þe blood haþ no felinge of touche..noþir nediþ þat he fele to þe sauacioun of kynde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)45a/b : Mannes lippes ben neissche and fleisschy & may be serued & departid for sauacioun & kepinge of þe teeþ.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)79a/b : Reste..is nedeful for kepinge & sauacioun of kynde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)211b/a : Eueriche herbe and tree nedeþ foure þinges..þe firste tweyne nedeþ to generacioun of þe plaunte and þe secounde tweyne to feedyng and sauacioun [L conseruationem] þerof.
b
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)63.79 (v.1:p.393) : Our lorde wolde han his modir maried .. for .. prouidence of saluacion of hir fame and hir name.
- a1500(1396) Indent.Francisc.in RS 4.1 (Vit F.12)522 : In the myddes of the sayd place, shoppes with ij stagys raysyng the postes toward the hygh way xxv fote in hyght a bove the grownde and no hyer for saluacyon of the lyght of the sayd Churche.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.178 : Hoso occupye onyþing withoutyn ryȝtful titele..is boundyn to restitucion of alle þe harmys & of al þe profyth þat cam þerof..sauynge his expens þat he spente in profyt & sauacion of þat þing.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)63a/a : Aristotel seiþ þat þe bones ben saluacioun of a neisch body.
d
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)74 : Office of Purveyours of Wyne..to hearkyn uppon..all other crafte for the rackinge, coynynge, rebatinge, and other salvations of wynes.
e
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)274b/b : Be þat worme neuere so venymous, ȝit by brennynge he leseþ þe malice of venym and fongeþ most vertu of medicyn, and axen þer of helpeþ wonderfulliche..to helynge and saluacioun of woundes.
- (1423) Let.Bk.in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)111/100 : It may be comuned with þe discrete parte of Cirurgeans, for saluacion of þe paciente and worship of þe Crafte of Cirurgy.
- c1475 *Bk.Marchalsi (Trin-C R.14.51)62a : Yif saluacion to thys beste of þe farcyne.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)777 : For thyn hurt þou mayest þiselfe blame..Go to the cawdron..And towche thyn hand to thy saluacion.
4.
A state of well-being; prosperity; commune (publike) ~, the common (public) good.
Associated quotations
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)180a/b : Lacus tiberiadis..is more holsome..and more effectuel to helþe and sauacioun [L sanitatem] of bodies.
- (1440) Wars France in RS 22.2450 : Ther is grete gode byhoveful at this tyme for the wele and sauvacion of youre royaumes.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)p.57 : Here endithe the trewe processe of the libelle of Englysshe policie..shewynge whate worshipe, profite, and salvacione commeth thereof to the reigne of Englonde.
- c1450(c1430) Brut-1430 (Glb E.8)438/27 : The Kynge..made his vncle..Leftenaunte of Engelond..for to gouerne and kepe the londe..and to se that right and lawe be mayntenyd..in sauacion of his pepull and good kepynge of his Rewme.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)187/21 : Neither worship, vertu, nor vniuersall saluacion [CQ(2): welthe] of the seigneurie nor of the comonte were neuir lasse empreent in the corages than they be now.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)225/1 : They that [CQ(2): that leve] the well of vertu and the publique saluacion, namelye in thenterprises of werre, desire nothinge ellys sauf the gettinge of goddes.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)245/23 : The affeccion of the publique well may auoyde your singuler disordinate reule, yf the voluntees ben conyoined all in oon onely desire to the comon saluacion [CQ(2): comon wele].
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1137 : The soone in sooth…For mannys help & savacion Was incarnate, & took flessh & blood.
Note: Additional quote(s)