Middle English Dictionary Entry
prō̆pre adj.
Entry Info
Forms | prō̆pre adj. Also proper(e, propir(e, propour, propur(e & (?error) popir (errors) þroper, prople. |
Etymology | OF propre, poupre & L prō̆prius. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Belonging or pertaining to oneself, a person, or a thing; privately owned; private, personal, individual; intrinsic; (b) ~ in, inherent in (a position of honor); ~ to, belonging to (oneself); ~ godes, ~ thing, private property; maken ~ to, to appropriate (sth.) to (oneself) as private property; (c) with genitive constructions: a person's (soul's, social group's, etc.) own or private (possessions, authority, body, etc.); -- frequently with ouen as intensifier; (d) ~ wille, a person's (one's, God's) own desire or intention; a person's private desire, esp. as contrasted to the divine will or purpose; (e) directed toward oneself; ~ love, self-love; ~ exaltacioun, exaltation of self; (f) med. of a pathological condition or its cause: arising by itself, idiopathic; (g) his (thin) ~ persoune, himself (yourself); in (his, thin, etc.) ~ persoune, in person, oneself (himself, yourself, etc.) [see also persoune n.(1) 3. (b) & (c)]; in his ~ being, in itself, inherently.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judith 15.14 : Alle þe propre richesses of olofernes þat ben proued to han ben, þei ȝeuyn to Judit in gold & siluer & cloþes & jemmes.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)2 Pet.1.20 : Ech prophecie of scripture is not maad bi propre, or owne, interpretacioun.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)94/522 : In comune to alle, riche and pore, þe erþe was maad; Why wole ȝee riche men chalenge propre ryȝt herinne?
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.48 : He shal haue, of þe propre katel of þe gild, xxx messes soungyn for his soule.
- (1395) Wycl.37 Concl.(Tit D.1:Compston)744 : Rancour & veniaunce of propre wrong ben put awei.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)115a/a : Þe mone..hath no propir colour but fongiþ light of anoþir.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26666 : Scrift agh be..Propre, þat es, þat þou ma knaun Nanoþer plightes bot þi naun.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)19/6 : In ech preisynge, in eche blamynge, propere dedes ben to be charched.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.4.275 : Filthe or synne, be the propre nature of it, maketh men wrecches.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)415 : Propur, owne: Proprius.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)14597 : Seint Bede telles in his gestes How þe Bretons brak Godes heste..Of eighte þat he wrytes, y telle þe þre..Propre profit & pryue hate, ȝonge mennes conseil þey toke algate.
- (1473) RParl.6.74b : Provided..that neither this Acte..neither any other Acte..extend to the hurt or prejudice..to any of theym..to appropre, receyve, and hold in propre use any Chirch or Chirches, Chapell or Chapelles.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)579/3 : [He] assoyled the same mynchons fro the said tythes..of the seruauntis at Wolgarecote liyng and arisyng, resceivyng ther wagis and necessary vitaile of the hous of Godestowe (out-take seruauntes havyng wyfes or propir houses in the towne of wolgarecote).
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)449 : Ȝif persouns hadden no glebe and no propre hous as eritage, þey sueden more crist & his apostlis.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)81/13 : For to vse of propre witte, it is inough to singular lyff and religiouse.
b
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.325 : Þei wilde biseke Edward þat he mot him ȝelde tille him in a forward þat were honorable, to kepe wod or beste..To him & alle hise to haf in heritage, & non oþer wise, als terme, tyme, & stage, But als a propire þing, þat were conquest tille him.
- ?c1430(c1400) Rule & T.St.Francis(1) (Corp-C 296)49 : To þe secunde part of þe reule: wiþ-outen proprete of worldly goodis, siþ propre þing stondiþ most in wille.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)40/10 : Þei schuld lyue in comon, and no man to haue noþing propir to him-self.
- (?c1463) Paston (EETS)2.346 : A fieri facias is come out of the Eschequir..to make levy of cc mark of the propir goodes and catels of my masters.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.321 : Þey withheldyn hem her ryȝth & makyn propre to hem þat owith ben comon to alle.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)69/135 : Than neither worshippe ne reverence is kyndely propre in no dignite.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)236/2-3 : Þe coupe is þe chalis; his bread and his wyn, þet is, his propre bodi and his propre blod.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)p.196 : Al men..ben to ȝelden rekening of her propre dedes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.7.9 : Burþenys þei beren wiþ þer propur sholders.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2575 : Rightfully ne mowe ye take no vengeance as of youre propre auctoritee.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2711 : The lordes forth with the commune, Ech hath his propre duete.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.159 : I haue the power duryng al my lyf Vpon his propre body and nat he.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)11613 : Þy shryfte shal be alle of þy selue, Of þyn owne proper dede.
- (1405) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.37 : Ȝif thei prouen it here propyr gode, than thei shul haue it wyth outen ony thyng paiyng.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.3 : Alle thing that is iwist nis nat knowen by his nature propre, but by the nature of hem that comprehenden it.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)23/14 : With his owne propre swerd he was slayn.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.9/30 : It was not leuefull to prynces or other lordys, of there propyr auctoritate eny thyng to mynnysse nethyr ȝitte to so solempne an obsequy depute.
- (1427) *Plea & Mem.R.Lond.GildhA 54.2a : Of our fre wylle and propre mocion, we have made and ensealed a deede.
- (1447) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.40 : The forsayd Nicholas schall make all maner costes of the forsayd esposeles of hys awne propur cost.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)32/2 : Y understonde..not to speke..to none other women but to myn propre doughtres and seruauntis of myn howse.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)66/30 : Seke and feble..he susteyned with his propir goodis and eke with þe cherchis prouentis.
- (1467) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.43 : Thomas Wayte..shall have peasibly possed and Rejoise to his own propre use ccc li. sterlynges.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)337 : No man can telle ellis hou and whenne þis shrifte beganne, and þis witnessiþ her propur doctour of þe popes lawe opynly.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)869 : Your merytys were not premyabyll to þe blys abowe, Not to the lest joy of hewyn, of ȝour propyr efforte to ascend.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.28.71b : Right as God him self is in this worlde..& no place is voyde from his myghti presence, right so the sowle duellith in his propir body as in his propre world.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)100/9 : For he that followith his owne propre counceile puttith from himself the counceill of othir men.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)569 : Þei han of bichopes ybouȝt wiþ her propre siluer And purchased of penaunce þe puple to assoile.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.23.23 : Þou shalt..doon as þou hast byhote to þe lord þy god & þour proper wille & þy mouþ hast spokyn.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.5.9 : Ȝe þat by propyr wille han offrede ȝow to perel, blesseþ to þe lord.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)19/15 : Schuld not þanne a man skilfully wylne to forsake awhile in þis worlde þat is most in his power and so lightest forte do -- þat is, a mannes propur wille..to haue such euerlastynge blis?
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.214 : No necessite ne constreyneth a man to gon that goth by his propre wil.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)19/32 : Siche haue lost & mortified wilfully her owne propre wil & ben confoormed to my wil.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)234/27 : Perfeccioun stondeþ not oonly in mortificacioun of þe body but in destruccioun and mortificacioun of þe wickid propre wil.
- c1440(?c1350) Mirror St.Edm.(4) (Thrn)35/30 : For-þi behufes man lefe his propire will, if he will perfitly knawe þe lufe-somest broþerhede.
- c1440 HBk.GDei (Thrn:Horstmann)301 : For-thi it es noghte beste in prayere to be herde to oure propire will, bot to oure profitt.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)36/2 : Lucifer, þat was so faire, so loueli, & so briȝt, als sone as he lefte þe wille of God & folewid his owne propre wille, he bicome a loþely deuel.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)36/23-4 : And certis, he seiþ, of propre wille of man, þat is when men leeueþ þe propre wille of God & wiþstondiþ it and folewiþ he[re] owne.
- c1450(?c1400) Wycl.Elucid.(StJ-C G.25)8 : Bi her owne propre wille þei chosen þe [yuel].
- (1474) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.84 : Þe said tenement..shall have, hold, reteyn, reioyce, and dispose at the propre wille and to the singler use of þe said John Parys and his heires and assignes for evermore.
e
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)41/37 : Siche men þat þus sleen her propre loue ȝelden to me contynuely not oonly wordis but manye gode werkis.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)286/31 : Euery vice..spryngeþ of propre loue.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)146/11 : Þe pes stondiþ more in very mekenes þan in propre exaltacion.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)147/2 : Þey loue me more þan hemself, &, drawen oute of her propre loue, gone all & hool into þe loue of me.
f
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)59a/a : Þai be accidentz ydropacienz & prothopacienz, i. propre & comunicate.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)126a/b : Causes..of sikenez & of synthomatez of eyen..Galien..called..Compassionale when þai come fro anoþer particle; Propre when þai ar for a propre cause in þe same.
g
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2216 : We conseille yow abouen alle thyng that right anon thow do thy diligence in kepynge of thy propre persone [vr. þy body].
- (1415) *Choosing Mayor Norwich (Cleo C.10)68 : Þe meire allone in propur persone schall come to a parte of þe same chaumbyr & schall name to þame seueralie & secretlie one of þe forsaide ij persounes.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)4958 : For to sytte in dome in proper parsoun.
- (1435) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xli : The seid William Mytron nother John Atte-wod in no wyse at any tyme appered to the seide pleint, nother in their propre personnes nother by ther attournee.
- (1442) Let.Coldingham in Sur.Soc.12137 : Sir Alexandre..com to me in his propre person and labourd to haffe had graunt to him of the said bailyery for terme of lyve.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)132/19 : Suche reste in his owne propir beyng is no synne.
- c1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)574/36 : Þe lordes temperall hym graunted to go..hem-self in propur person.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)365/288 : In propure persone..I wyl ben here redy.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)207/16 : The gilty Iewe comeþ afore the emperoure and in his propur persone tolde by ordre how that he hadde i-do.
2a.
(a) Belonging or pertaining to a person or thing in particular, special, specific; distinctive, characteristic; (b) ~ kinde (nature), special or characteristic nature; ~ use, characteristic or habitual practice; (c) separate, distinct; ~ nekke, either of two tubes branching from a common tube; the ~ organ, the organ proper, the organ itself; (d) ~ to, pertaining especially to (sth.), specific to; specifically applicable to; characteristic of (sb. or sth.); (e) ~ prest (confessour), a priest having ordinary or delegated jurisdiction to hear one's confession; a priest attendant upon a particular person or household.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)76/25 : Vor þis wordle is ase a fayre, huer byeþ manye fole chapmen, þet of alle þinges hi knaweþ þe propre uirtue and þet worþ.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.457 : To the Sanguin complexion Nature, of hire inspeccion, A propre hous hath in the livere For his duellinge mad delivere.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)14b/b : And so þe propir office of þese angels is to brenne in hemself and to meue oþir..to brenne in þe loue of god.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)77/15 : Þis vlcus as a propre þing haþ diffence from a þing þat is comoun.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.54 : Faire ȝe discryuen Þe powere of þis postes and her propre myȝte.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)31/15 : Kyndeli it is to fortune to be chaunchable..Here proper werkyng is to turne her wheel a bowte.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.2.3 : Allas how the thought of man, dreynt in overthrowynge depnesse, dulleth and forleteth his propre clernesse, myntynge to gon into foreyne dirknesses.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)102/20-1 : In þat lond of Caldee þei han here propre langages & here propre lettres.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)22a/a : Of naturale humours bene made 4 spicez of verray apostemez, which bene called in comon name flegmounz..Neþerlez in þair propre namez [Ch.(2): here owne names; L propriis nominibus], flegmon, herisipila, vdimia, sclirosis or sephiros.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)43a/b : Cure forsoþ of curable is no different fro comone cure of oþer fleumatic apostemez bot for þat it haþ some propre helpez.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)4/29 : The instrumentis of cirurgiens with þe whiche þese þinges beeþ fulfilled beeþ manyfoold, for some beeþ comune and some beeþ propre.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)576/9 : Þere ben many pore men þe whiche may not by þe propre þinges and preciouse þe whiche it byhoueþ to passe with commune þynges.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)46 : He ordyned and bad that alle men where so euere they dwelleden schulde goo to the citee of hir firste birthe and propre lynage.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)59a/b : For festre & cankre haueþ a difference from vlcus as a propre þing haþ fro a þing þat is comvne.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1877 : Of elementis ye must the propre colours lerne, wherbi of colours ye may bettir discerne.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)87/24 : Þey whiche been sike schullin haue proper place in þe whiche þey schul dwelle desseuerid from hem whoche been in helþe of bodi.
- a1550(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Sln 1873)2962 : The planet virtue is propre & speciall.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.535 : The world, as of his propre kynde, Was evere untrewe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.619 : So newefangel been they of hir mete, And louen nouelries of propre kynde, No gentilesse of blood may hem bynde.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)293 : Þe sonne he shewed in hir al Þat had colour of cristal; Þe mone, in propre nature, Of adamaunt bare þe coloure.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.2.52 : Ne noon ordenaunce is bytaken to thynges but that that hath joyned the endynge to the bygynnynge and hath maked the cours of itself stable (that it chaunge nat from his propre kynde).
- a1450 Myne awen dere sone (Vsp D.13)877 : For as þou dose when þou art ȝonge, Swylke efter will be thy leuynge Thurgh propyr vse when þou art alde.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)41/15 : On oþer half, þis is propre kynde of man, þat he delytiþ hym in his owne þingis.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.19 : Allas..how þat þis mannys mynde Is casten doun now in-to depe derknesse, For-let þe clerenesse of his propur kynde.
c
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)136a/b : Many sikenez falleþ in þe noseþrillez..Of which som ar in þe propre organe, Som in þe onyngz to.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)63/29 : The hucche of þe galle..haþ two mowþes or nekkes i-oned to some distaunce..it may suffre opilaciouns, i. stoppynges, boþe in þe propre nekke and in the comune.
- c1450 PPl.B (RwlPoet 38)10.237 : [Ld: Three] propre [persones, ac nouȝt in plurel noumbre, For al is but on god].
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)38a/a : It is propur to alle þe membres of office to putte hemsilf to perile for þe principal membres.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.71 : To enbrace togidre al the presence of the lif intermynable..is propre to the devyne thought.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)179b/a : Tyme is now for to passe to propre medicinez of membrez..noȝt þat þai be so propre to one particle þat þai helpe noȝt oþer, bot as ofte tymez, or as moste, wirching yn þat of which þai haue had her namyng.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)49 : The faculte of the seid moral philosophie and the faculte of pure dyvynite..ben ij dyuerse facultees, ech of hem hauyng his propre to him boundis and markis, and ech of hem having his propre to him treuthis and conclusiouns.
- c1450 Lychefelde Comp.G.(Lamb 853)614 : Sweete lord, þinke..how kinde and propir it is to þee, On synful men..to haue mercy and pitee.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)3/29 : Knowyngal vertues..ben not in his iȝe, neiþir in his eere, neiþir in his heele, as in her propre to hem receyuyng placis.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)193/30 : The apostle sayde to hym..'Go to hym and aske at hym what þyng is moste propur to man.'
e
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)329 : Þis lswe of confessioun þat iche man mut nedis shryuen oonys in þe ȝer priuely to his propur prest..semeþ opun aȝens reson..Ion baptist shroof hym neuer þus..and þus it may fallen of many..men þat han no propur prest.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)331 : Þe pope myȝt kepe..to name whom euer he wolde propur prestis..and þus it were a benyfice to purchace of þe pope to be a propur preste..And it falleþ oft þat sich propur prestus ben vn-able to here shriftis; and þe maker of þis lawe may not make alle siche propre prestis able, and so he constreyneþ men in cas to shryue hem to an vnable prest.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)335 : Now it is a lordly þing to have sich a proper confessour.
2b.
(a) Gram. ~ noun, a proper noun; the name of a particular person, place, or thing; ~ name, the proper noun naming a person or place; -- said of Pater as the name of the first person of the Trinity; (b) eccl. ~ sanctorum, a listing of mass propers for specific feast days of the Church year.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Magd.(2) (LdMisc 108)18 : In þe Castel of Magdale þis faire wumman was i-bore; heo was icleoped in propre name, þe Maudeleyne, riȝt þare-fore.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.159 : Þo his propre name was i-chaunged, as it happeþ in confirmacioun of children.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.417 : For thogh I telle noght his propre name, Men shal wel knowe that it is the same By signes and by othere circumstances.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.3393 : This noble king..Of Spaine be tho daies olde The kingdom hadde in governance..Alphonse was his propre name.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)17a/b : Þese Archangelis beþ ofte I-knowe by here propir names..gabriel..Raphael.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.185 : Þe firste hath miȝte and maiestee, maker of alle þinges; Pater is his propre name.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)6 : Adam, propyr name: Adam.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)11/17 : 'Philippe,' quoþ he, 'if al it be noȝte semely, þat I calle þe be þi propre name.'
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2885 : Þat is þe streme of Strama..þe pure, propure name in percynne tonge.
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)102 : How knowest a qualite in noun? A manere of knowyng by the whych me knowyth whether a noun be propure or appellatyf, id est, comyn, propure ut Roma, comyn as silua.
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)107 : Whenne ther is a propre name endyng in jus the vocatyf schall ende in j, the ablatyf in o, [etc.].
- a1500 Donatus (1) (StJ-C F.26)1020 : And also 'of' aftyr a propyr name, or a nown adiectyf, or a verbe adiectyf, gerundyf, participyl, or suppyn is þe syne of ablatyf case.
- ?a1500 My lefe (Sln 1210)14 : Thynk of propur nownnys, Both of kastels and of townnys.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) TL (F&M)683 : First ben sett sondaies and ferials togider, and after that the sanctorum, bothe comyn and propre togider, of al the ȝeer.
- (c1384) WBible(1) TL (F&M)696 : Here endith the Propre Sanctorum, and now bigynneth the Commoun Sanctorum.
3.
(a) Correct, appropriate, proper [sometimes difficult to distinguish from 2a. (a), to which some of the following quots. may belong]; ~ for (to), appropriate for (sth.); ~ to, of an expression of gratitude: due to (Christ); sup. proprest, most correct, strictest; (b) conforming to fact or the precise meaning of a word, real, genuine.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)103/17 : Ich am þet am..amang alle þe heȝe names of oure lhorde, þis is þe uerste and þe mest propre [Vices & V.(2): proprist; F li plus propres].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.258 : To make pes betwen the kynges After the lawe of charite..is the propre duete Belongende unto the presthode.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2543 : The Ston seconde..Is lapis animalis hote, The whos vertu is propre and cowth For Ere and yhe and nase and mouth.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.1821 : I walke and fisshe cristen mennes soules To yelden Iesu crist his propre [vrr. propere, popir] rente.
- a1400 12 PTrib.(1) (Roy 17.B.17)50 : He shal shere a-way þo vnnayte loue of þi hert..to þat þat þo loue of þi hert ne passe not his propre termes.
- c1400 Wycl.CGosp.John (Yk-M 14.D.2:Hudson)74/30 : If ony curat kan not preche, þe propre remedie is þat he resigne his benefice.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.11.156 : Every thing kepeth thilke that is accordynge and propre to hym.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)140b/a : Þre smale bones þe whiche, ȝif þei be hurte..þei leuen her proper pocicioun.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)166 : It is leeful, in properist maner of speking..that ymagis be had and vsid in the maner ofte bifore seid.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)979 : I telle ȝo wele, be propur skille, No luffe will inne hom lenge.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)48/6 : Than it happind that the see and þe othir watirs voidid into theire propre placis.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)343 : Crist him self clensiþ of synne, & to him is þis thanke propur & neyþur to pope ne confessour.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)151/18 : So miche is in the auncient corages nygh and inseparablely rooted the naturall loue to his cuntree so that the body euyr entendeth to retorne of any partye as to his propre [CQ(2): propir; vr. prople] place.
- c1475 in Hodgkin Proper Terms51 : Note ye the properteys that longythe to a yonge gentylle man to haue knowynge of..that he fayle not in hys propyr termys.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2474 : Nature & þingis of arte Haue a propre tyme assigned for theire parte.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)48a/b : Bees..hauen no voys, but he makeþ a voys in fleinge..a frogge haþ propir voys.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)6866 : For-why na witt of man may endure To se a devel in his propre figure.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.Lear (Göt Hist 740)126 : Of luf þowe here þe propyr certane The qwylke anence þe I haue.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)45b/a : Apostemez of þe pappez, som bene propre, som similitudinariez, i. likly [Ch.(2): feyned].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)75/5 : Apostemes þat ben made of naturel humours ben cleped trewe, propre, certeyne apostemes.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)259 : He nys but a verray propre fol That loveth paramours, to harde and hote.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)189 : It is leeful, in proprist maner of leefulnes, that pilgrimagis be doon.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)49a/b : Neþeles þese twelue signys beþ not siche propre beestis as þei han her names aftir, but by weye of philosophie þei beþ y-likned to siche maner of beestis.
4.
(a) A term of approbation, indicating that a person or thing is as he or it should be; commendable, goodly, excellent; -- also iron.; (b) of good appearance.
Associated quotations
a
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)5366 : Sirs..comeþ ner, And seeþ a propre siȝte.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.309 : So mote I then, thow art a propre man And lyk a prelat.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)59a/a : And þete [read: þe mete] is I-kept in þat crop as it were in a propre spence & celar aȝens hongir þat may come.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2826 : Vp he lep on fote, syker, And fonde hem alle propre [LinI: good] byker.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.51 : 'Here is propre seruice,' quod pacience; 'þer fareth no prynce bettere.'
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)195 : Þat þat ilk proper Prynce þat paradys weldez Is displesed at uch a poynt þat plyes to scaþe.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6370 : I may assoile, and I may shryve, That no prelat may lette me..But it the pope be..That made thilk establisshing; Now is not this a propre thing?
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)160 : Precyous prinse, prekyd in pride, Þorwe þis propyr pleyn place in pes be ȝe bent!
- a1475 Friar & B.(Brog 2.1)p.46 : A chyld he had, The wyche was a propyr lad And ryght ane happy hynd.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3345 : To loke on hire hym thoughte a mery lyf, She was so propre and swete and likerous.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3972 : A child that was of half yeer age In cradel..lay and was a propre page.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Co.(Manly-Rickert)A.4368 : Gaillard he was as goldfynch in the shawe, Broun as a berye, a propre, short felawe, With lokkes blake ykembd ful fetisly.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)686 : The ryȝtwys man also sertayn, Aproche he schal þat proper pyle.
- c1425 Pes lordyngs (DurDCM 1.2 Archid.Dun.60)10 : Oure myrth we make of a knyght Þat in his tyme was bold and wyght, Rich of rent, man mekill of myght, Proper and aupert.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)415 : Propyr, or prati: Elegans.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3080 : The brede of hir brest, bright on to loke, Was..ffresshe and of fyne hew as þe fome clere: With two propur pappes, as a peire rounde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3331 : Sire Darius awen dyademe þai did on his hede..On þe propurest of proiecte þat euire prince bere.
5.
?As adv.: properly, in a correct or due manner.
Associated quotations
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)24934 : Bot now men vsis on oþerwise; þer is mare of hir seruise, þat qua wil, mai hit sai propre on hir fest-day.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)628 : Þe damsels had dedeygne Þat scho wroght propure more þan þai.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(1) (Pen 356B)1/23 : How knos þu a propur qualyte?
Note: New collocation for 2b.(a). ~ qualite, the quality that makes a proper noun a proper noun as opposed to a common or 'appelative' noun.
- c1450 Peniarth Accedence(2) (Pen 356B)10/45 : When þe nominatyf case endyth in '-vs', þa vocatyf shall be like hym. When þe nominatyf case endithe in '-ius', ȝif hit be a propur name of a man þe vocityf shall end in '-i.'
Note: Additional quote(s) for 2b.(a)