Middle English Dictionary Entry
plukken v.
Entry Info
Forms | plukken v. Also pluk(ke, pluke, pluck(e(n, plokke(n, ploke, plocke & (?error) pulke; p.ppl. i)plukked, i)plucked, etc. & ploukked. |
Etymology | OE pluccian, ploccian. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To pull (sth.) off or out from a surface; pull out (hair, feathers, etc.); take off (a shoe); (b) to strip (a bird) of feathers; denude (a tail); ~ broues, pluck hair from the eyebrows; ppl. plukked, picked over [quot.: (c1415)]; (c) to pick (a fruit, leaf, etc.); also fig.; (d) fig. to snatch away (power, goods); ben plukked, ?be robbed; (e) in proverbs; (f) in surnames.
Associated quotations
a
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4126 : Vntressid, hir her abrod gan sprede Like to gold wyr, for-rent & al to-torn, I-plukked of & nat with sheris shorn.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)140b/a : Many medicynez forsoþ ar put of olde men þat draweþ out teþe & pulleþ or pluckeþ hem out wiþoute drawing out wiþ yren.
- ?a1450(1422) Lydg.SD (McC 182)59/7 : Þis Philosophir made þis olde manne to pluk one here aftir anoþer of þe hors taile, till litill and litill bi proces þe taile was wastid clene away.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)45/7 : Barnard left vp his swerd and smote Ponthus..and the stroke lyght vpon the sheld so sore that he hade gret payne to pluk itt oute.
- c1460 Of alle mennys (Dub 432)138 : All þei had scaped vpon a nyght, Saue þeire skales were plucked away.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)2.32 : Þey plucked þe plomayle from þe pore skynnes.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.OFools (LdMisc 683)126 : He is a fooll that..Purposeth his viage whan his hors is gallid, Plukketh of his schoon toward his iourne.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)5 : Þey sawe fully the toode sitting on his brest, And none of hem might pluk it awey with no crafte.
b
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)12.249 : So is possessioun payne of pens and of nobles To alle hem þat it holdeth, til her taille be plukked.
- c1415 Chaucer CT.CY.(Lnsd 851)G.941 : The mollok on an hepe yswepped was..And ysiftide and yplucked [Heng: ypiked] mony a þrowe.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5989 : Oure maydens shal eke pluk hym so That hym shal neden fetheres mo.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)111a/a : Crispitude, i. crispe of þe skyn, of..hem to þe aier to þe maner of a gander yplukked [Ch.(2): pulled; L displumate].
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)405 : Plukkyn [Win: Pluk] bryddys: Excatheriso..deplumo, expenno.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)67/33 : She hadde..plucked her browes, front, and forehed, to haue awey the here.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)70/2 : Holde it in youre herte..that ye plucke no browes, nother temples, nor forhed.
c
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)228 : M. of walnote-tre plukith [F pluche] note.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 6.1 : Whanne he passide by cornes, his disciplis pluckeden [L vellebant] eeris.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)95/539 : Oþer mennes feld þey repeþ..þey plukkiþ awey þe grapes.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)6.69 : Loke þou plukke [vr. pulke; C: plocke] no plantis þere.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)405 : Plukkyn, or pulle frute: Vellico, avello.
- c1440 Knight & F.(Thrn)44 : Many a mane had he conuert And ploukked þe fend owt of þaire herte Als apills ere on the tre.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)136/36 : To plucke ȝow of these cheries, it is a werk wylde.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Test.(Hrl 218)78 : For Adames appel, plukked from the tre, Iesu deyde.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)177/34 : He þat pluckyth vpp þat herbe in hys name..he adquirith..reuerens and wurchyp be þat.
- a1500 Det peruynkkle (MdstCKS U182.Z1)p.257 : The leuis of de brere bryght Byt ysclydyn owt of his sclym, To hele here sores det byght of might, An we plokyt hym yn tyme.
d
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)1.52 : Full preuyly þey pluckud þy power awey.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.B.2324 : Ye pluk [vr. take] awaye fro hym al that ye may geete.
- a1500 Lex is layde (Roy 7.A.6)3 : Paciencia is plukytt þat mony men hyme Lukys [?read: Lothys].
e
- (1415) Hoccl.Oldcastle (Hnt HM 111)257 : Some of thy fetheres weren plukkid late.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.JHare (LdMisc 683)24 : Faffyntycol..his thrust for to slake, Kan of a pecher plukke out the lynyng.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.JHare (LdMisc 683)48 : He maketh his offryng At the ale stakes..Out of a cuppe to plukke out the lynyng.
- a1500 Ancr.TSenses (Roy 8.C.1)12/27 : For euer men shal pluke and pile þe chorle, For he fareþ as doþ þe wyþeg, þat springeþ and spredeþ þe better þat men croppen it oft.
f
- (1227) Lib.R.Hen.III.1 (PRO C 62)21 : Patricio Plukehen.
- (1275) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames276 : Robert Pluckerose.
- (1296) Sub.R.Lewes in Sus.AC 2295 : Roberto Pluckerose.
- (a1370) R.Arms Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.14303 : Johannes Plukrose.
- (1428) Feudal Aids 2227 : Johannem Plukrose.
- (1432) Close R.Hen.VI2.190 : William Plukkerose.
2.
(a) To pull at (sb. or sth.); pull (sb. by the hair, beard, etc.); draw back the string of (a bow); ~ bi the sleve, take (sb.) by the sleeve (to get his attention); (b) to pull, draw; ~ with oxen, plow with oxen; ~ at the plough, work as a plowman; ~ upon, ?pluck (sb.) by the sleeve; ?motion to (sb.); (c) to pull or draw (sth. or sb.) in a (particular) direction; ~ in (awei, doun, to); ~ hed bak, jerk (one's) head backward; ~ forth, present (sth.), pull out for examination; ~ up seiles, set sail; (d) ~ doun, of hounds:?to chase down (deer); ~ unwar, catch (sb.) unawares; (e) to tempt (the soul); urge (sb. to do good) [1st quot.; ?error for poken].
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?c1300) Reinbrun (Auch)p.667 : Be þe berd y schel him schake..So y schel him þer-bi ploke Þat al is teþ schel roke.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1403 : In certayn I shal fonde Distorben hym and plukke hym by the sleve.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)23/11 : They..plucked eche other bi the here of the hede.
- ?a1475 RHood & K.(Fenn)32 : Be-holde wele ffrere Tuke, Howe he dothe his bowe pluke.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.659 : They plukke hym, they pulle hym, they tumble hym as an ape.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)1068 : The squyer..plucked þe scheperde be þe sleue For to speke hym with.
b
- ?a1425 SLeg.Lucy (Jul D.9)131 : Plukke [Hrl: hi gonne to drawe & tuicche].
- (?a1430) Hoccl.MG (Hnt HM 111)20 : The feend..with his handes tweye And his might, plukke wole at the balance.
- a1450 PPl.B (Corp-O 201)13.113 : Plukkid [Ld: Conscience curteisliche a contenaunce he made, And preynte vpon pacience to preie me to be stille].
- ?a1450(1422) Lydg.SD (McC 182)59/4 : He commawndid þe myȝtieste champion..to sette on boþe hondes and asaye ȝif he myȝt bi force pull of þe hors taile at a pluk; but all be þat he plukked..hit wollde not availe.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)296 : Hit is no leve in oure lawe þat we..sette solow on þe fled [read:feld] ne sowe non erþe, In ony place of þe plow to plokke wiþ oxen.
- (c1450) Boothe be ware (CotR 2.23)p.226 : Prese not to practise on the privete Of princes powere, but pluk at the ploughe.
c
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.109 : Þe porter vnpynned þe ȝate And plukked in pauci priueliche.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.10 : Þanne plokked [vr. plukkede] he forth a patent.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)63b/b : Truncacioun of þe veyne..is complete..in kuttyng away al þe veyne so, forsoþ, it is plucked away [Ch.(2): drawen oute] to þe toþer partie of aiþer oþerside.
- (1435) *Anc.Pet.(PRO)130.6460 : The Said Sergeant with gret violence & malys plukkyd away the said Chayer.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)197/22 : He plukkid his hede so hastelie bakk at he brakk it behynd hym on þe wall.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)157/4 : For þe floote, plumbe hym so hevy þat þe lest ploke of any fysche may pluke hym doune yn-to þe watur.
- (1469) Paston (EETS)1.544 : When he had redyn forby the loge..he supposyd as well þat it myght falle downe by the self as be plukyd downe.
- a1500(?a1425) Ipom.(2) (Hrl 2252)1953 : They plukkyd vp sayles & forthe þey paste.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)206 : Merlin caught the flayle of the yate and plukked it to hym.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)40 : They grevid our Lord gretly..Nayled hym to a pyller, with pynsons plukked hym doune.
d
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)1585 : A good prince is he That can him & his ooste so wisely gide..to putte his foo fro pride, Pluck him vnwar and fray his folk to renne Away.
- a1500(?a1425) Ipom.(2) (Hrl 2252)392 : The howndis..Pluckid downe dere all at a tryse; Ipomydon with his houndis thoo Drew downe bothe buk and doo.
e
- a1425 PPl.C (Lond-U V.88)8.287 : Plokede [?read: pokede; Hnt: 'Ȝus,' quaþ peers plouhman, and pukede hem alle to goode].
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)90/22 : If any tyme il þoghtis þer saule pluk or do stres to entyr, onone to heuyn behaldand þa caste þame out.
3.
Fig. ~ up (herte, chere), to take heart, summon up (one's) courage, cheer up.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)30/632 : Þo his bodi be-gan to smerte, He gan plokken vp is hertte.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)47/1177 : Pluk vp þi cher, Oþer tel me whi þou makest swich cher.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.937 : Plukke vp youre hertes and beeth glad and blithe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.476 : Priam..Gan prudently to plukkyn vp his herte.
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)431/1018 : Pluk up herte! al that my peeple hath pleynyd I shal redresse.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5445 : Plukis vp ȝour hertis.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)2.402 : Pluk vp your hertis and be no-thyng in fere.
- c1450 Myldeste of moode (BodR 22)15 : Plucke vp thyn herte and be no thyng dysmayde.
- 1457 Libeaus (Naples 13.B.29)279/1204 : Plukyd vp [Lamb: He pulled vp his herte And sterryd vp his state].
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)110 : Pluk vp a lusty hert & be mery & glad.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.15/11 : They drewe among them-self A contracte of wikkid conspiracion…the seruant of God they myght…draw to ther cowncell…and hym so ther present to plukke from the stappis of his lyif.
Note: New sense
Note: Highly Latinate syntax, but apparently belongs under sense 1.(d): literally, 'to pluck him from the steps of his life' (?), i.e. fig. to kill him.