Middle English Dictionary Entry

pī̆ken v.(1)
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

Note: Cp. pekken v. & picchen v.
1.
To work with a pick or other digging implement; --also refl.; dig (sth.); break up (land, a field); dig up (weeds); ~ awei, dig up (weeds); undermine (a foundation); ~ oute, dig out (stones, weeds); dig out and remove (stones) from a wall [quot.: *Veg.(1)]; ~ oute of, raise (crops) from (the earth); ~ up, dig up (weeds, roots); clear (paths or roads).
2.
To strike at (sb. or sth.) with the beak or mouth; peck; ~ on (upon); ~ oute, tear out (an eye) with the bill or mouth; ~ o pikinge, peck up one mouthful.
3.
(a) To pick or clean out by picking (the ears, nose, teeth); refl. pick at oneself; ~ toes (nailes), pick one's toes (nails), do nothing; (b) to cleanse from dirt and impurities by picking; pick clean (food, clothing, fowl, etc.) of any undesirable matter or parts, as dirt, hair, feathers, fleas, etc.; clear (a building of stones); ppl. piked, cleansed, purified; of grain: cleared of husks: -- used fig.; (c) to devour and pick clean (a capon, etc.); of maggots, etc.: pick clean (a corpse); ppl. piking, dainty; ~ a bon, strip a bone by picking or gnawing; -- also in proverb; (d) to pick through refuse) for valuable material.
4.
(a) To pick or pull (flax); pick up (crumbs); crop (pasture); pluck (sth.) with the beak; ~ of (up); (b) to remove (sth. from a house) by picking up; ~ awei, take away (sth.) by picking up; remove (hair, bones, skin) by picking off or extracting; remove (the best fish from a group); ~ of, strip off (the shell of a nut); pick off (lice on a garment); (c) ~ oute, to extract (sth.) by picking; remove (bones from a fish); clear away (stones in a field); gouge out (an eye); extirpate (sth.) [quot.: Ch.(4)]; ~ oute of, remove (sth.) out of (sth.) by picking with fingers or a beak; also fig.; ~ oute (of, extract or collect (subjects) from (authors); (d) ~ motes, to take note of small points; ~ oute mot, chide about a trifle; ~ on, pick at (a thorn) in trying to extract it; (e) to pick (a lock); to pick the lock of (a money box).
5.
(a) To keep (sb.) neat; dress (sb.) finely; make (hair) trim, comb; furbish up or brush clean (clothing); polish or adorn (armor, equipment, chess pieces); polish (one's language); refl. make oneself neat and trim, adorn oneself; (b) of a bird: to preen itself; -- also refl.
6.
To choose, select, or pick out (sb. or sth.) as suitable or agreeable; pick (sb. to do sth.); ~ oute (up); ~ oute the best, take the best part; chosen and) piked for the nones, selected for a particular purpose; ppl. as adj.: choice, distinguished.
7.
(a) To get or acquire (sth.); have (encouragement from sb.); learn (an art); refl. take or obtain (spiritual gratification, benefit, woe) for oneself; ~ thank, gain, or curry favor; curry favor (for oneself); (b) ~ contenaunce, to assume a feigned facial expression or behavior; also, create a pretext; ~ errour, ~ (him) mod, be incensed; become angry; ~ querele, look for and find an occasion of complaint and hostile action against someone; ~ querele to, pick a quarrel with (sb.); ~ out pride, ?build up (one's) pride (on the basis of sth.); (c) pick-thank, one who curries favor by telling tales.
8.
(a) To steal (sth.), rob, plunder; steal from (sb.), steal (sth. from sb. or sth.); seize (prisoners), capture, rescue; steal by encroaching [quot.: ?c1425]; also, commit a theft; ~ oute; ~ from, get an advantage over (sb.) [quot.: Palladius]; ~ up, seize (prisoners from sb.); (b) ~ preie, to seize a victim; take spoil; ~ purse, steal from a purse; also, steal a purse; ~ male, steal from (someone's) bag or wallet; also in prov.; pinchen and ~, oppress and rob; ~ and stelen, steal (sth.); also fig.; stelen and ~; -- used in prov.; preien and ~, pillage (sth.); ransack (a place); pullen and ~, plunder (sth.); (c) ~ peni, one who steals pennies, an exceedingly covetous person; ~ purse, one who steals purses or from purses.
9.
Refl. To remove oneself, betake oneself, go; ~ awei (oute, thennes), go away [cp. ODan. pikke af].
10.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)287 : Put not youre handes in youre hosen youre codware for to clawe, nor pikynge, nor trifelynge, ne shrukkynge as þauȝ ye wold sawe.
Note: Appears to belong to sense 3.(a) and to mean 'to scratch at oneself'.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.6va (1.1) : Ageyne þe colde goute, tak whit clay..and his owen fastande vryn 7 or 9 daies olde, and þat þe clay be clene piked, and menge hem togeder in a wollen cloþe clene..and lay emplastre alse ferre as þe peyne lastiþ.
Note: Additional quot., prob. sense 3.(b).