Middle English Dictionary Entry
pī̆ken v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | pī̆ken v.(1) Also pik(e, pic, piek, pikken, pick(e(n; p.pl. pikeden, etc. & pikened, pekede; ppl. i-)piked, etc. & i-)peked, pickd & piken. |
Etymology | OE (cp. pīcung n.) & ON (cp. OI pikka). Also cp. ME pī̆k(e n.(1) & OF piquier. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. pekken v. & picchen v.
1.
To work with a pick or other digging implement; --also refl.; dig (sth.); break up (land, a field); dig up (weeds); ~ awei, dig up (weeds); undermine (a foundation); ~ oute, dig out (stones, weeds); dig out and remove (stones) from a wall [quot.: *Veg.(1)]; ~ oute of, raise (crops) from (the earth); ~ up, dig up (weeds, roots); clear (paths or roads).
Associated quotations
- a1325(c1300) Songs Langtoft (Cmb Gg.1.1)p.286 : Piked [vr. Pykit] hym and diket him..He pikes [vr. piketh he it] and he dikes.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.272 : Now dos Edward dike Berwik brode & long, Als þei bad him pike & scorned him in þer song.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.103 : And summe to plese perkyn pykide [vrr. pykeden, pykened, pekede, pikyn] vp þe wedis.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.17 : Liberum arbitrium hath þe londe to ferme, Vnder Piers þe plowman to pyken it and to weden it.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)9.118 : Somme..pykede aweye þe [vr. a-felde pikede] wedes.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)189/12 : Wenes Kyng Edward..forto wyn Berwik..gas, pikes him! and when he haþ hit, gas, diche him!
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)37b/b : Ligonizo..to pyke.
- a1425 PPl.A(1) (UC 45)7.103 : Pykyd out [Trin-C: pykide vp þe wedis].
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)102b : Þese gynnes when þei bene..I-sette aȝenst þe walles of a strengþe, þei kepe the men þat beþ wiþynne & vnder hem fro harmynge, while þei pyke out þe stones and myne þurghe þe walle.
- a1450 PPl.A(1) (RwlPoet 137)7.95 : Pyke wp [Trin-C: My plouȝpote shal be my pyk & putte at þe rotis].
- c1450(1415) Crowned King (Dc 95)72 : And yit the most preciouse plente þat apparaill passeth Thi pouere peple with here ploughe pike oute of the erthe.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)2584 : This conynger hath eek another gise, Vndir the wal to crepe pryvely, And sette vp postis heer & ther by sise, And pike away the fundament wightly.
- a1475 PPl.A(1) (Ashm 1468)7.103 : Pikkedyn..weys [Trin-C: pykide vp þe wedis].
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)95b : To Pyke: ligonizare.
- a1500 PPl.A(1) (Dub 213)7.103 : Pykyd out..stanes [Trin-C: pykide vp þe wedis].
2.
To strike at (sb. or sth.) with the beak or mouth; peck; ~ on (upon); ~ oute, tear out (an eye) with the bill or mouth; ~ o pikinge, peck up one mouthful.
Associated quotations
- a1250 Ancr.(Tit D.18)17/9 : Þe bacbitere..beakis wið his blake bile o cwike charoines, as he þat is þe deueles corbin of helle; Ȝet walde he picken & to teren wið his bile stinkende, rotin flesch..þat is, walde he seien uuel bi nan oðer bote bi þa.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)33/29 : Þe bakbiter cheweþ mannes flesch opon fryday and pykeþ wiþ his blak byl vpon þe quyk Caroynes.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)52/12 : Briddes..pikken o pikkyng after her mete and loken vp as suiþe.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.30.17 : Crowis of the stronde picke [WB(1) (Bod 959): pecken] out [L effodiant] thilke iȝe that scorneth the fadir.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)115 : One þe chefe of þe cholle, A tade pykit one hir polle.
- a1450 *Trev.Barth.[OD col.] (BodeMus 16) : Smal briddes..reseþ on hym to picke oute his iȝen.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.306 : Þe eye..þat scornyth his fadir..rafnys of þe brokys, þat is to seye, Þe fendis of helle brokys, schul deluyn out & pykyn out þat eye.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)391/148 : And ees out of youre hede Thus-gate shall paddokys pyke.
- a1500 Ancr.TSenses (Roy 8.C.1)11/31 : But he pikeþ with bakebityng holy peple wych lifen in god.
3.
(a) To pick or clean out by picking (the ears, nose, teeth); refl. pick at oneself; ~ toes (nailes), pick one's toes (nails), do nothing; (b) to cleanse from dirt and impurities by picking; pick clean (food, clothing, fowl, etc.) of any undesirable matter or parts, as dirt, hair, feathers, fleas, etc.; clear (a building of stones); ppl. piked, cleansed, purified; of grain: cleared of husks: -- used fig.; (c) to devour and pick clean (a capon, etc.); of maggots, etc.: pick clean (a corpse); ppl. piking, dainty; ~ a bon, strip a bone by picking or gnawing; -- also in proverb; (d) to pick through refuse) for valuable material.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)68 : A wonder game huy pleiden þere; þat miȝte segge heore fon; Betere heom hadde at hom i-beo and i-piked heore ton!
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)51b/b : Þe litile fynge[r]..hatte Auricularis, þe Ere fyngir, for wiþ hym we clawen & piken þe eres.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)746 : Theron thou schalt not thy nese snyte, Ny at the mete thy tothe thou pyke.
- c1450 Lydg.SPuer(1) (Lamb 853)14 : Moost in especial..to-fore þi souereyn cratche ne picke [Ld: rubbe] þee nouȝt.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11665 : I [Idleness's daughter] make ffolk..Pyke her naylles, wernays [?read: wormes] take, And al travaylle to forsake.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)2.43.134a : Him nediþ for to han white teþe & scharpe & wel piked þat schulde biten on þis gostly brede.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.SPuer(1) (LdMisc 683)12 : Pike nat thy nase.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.SPuer(1) (LdMisc 683)42 : Thy teeth also ne pike not with thy knyff.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2282 : He satte him thanne doun and pyketh And wyssh his herbes in the flod.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2297 : It were certes litel nede To sitte there and wortes pyke If thou thi Prince couthest lyke, So as I can.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.71 : Take gode Eerbys and grynde hem smale with wallenotes pyked clene.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.75 : Grinde hem smale with apples & peres clene ypiked.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)56 : Voyding the Chaf..Enlumynyng þe trewe piked [vr. pyken] greyn Be crafty writinge of his sawes swete.
- (1423) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.158/559 : Item, to an woman to pike our place of tile stones.
- ?c1425 Arun.Cook.Recipes (Arun 334)428 : Take flesh of a Roo and pyke hit clene..Take Hares and slee hom and pyke hom clene.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)237/21 : Hir felaschep dedyn of her clothys &, sittyng nakyd, pykyd hem.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)397 : Pykyd, or purgyd for fylthe, or oþer thynge grevows: Purgatus..Pykyn, or clensyn, or cullyn owte the onclene: Purgo, purgulo.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)10 : Take..lene bef..an whan þe beef hath y-boylid, take it vp an pyke it.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)37 : Take an howe of vele..choppe a-mong þe zynes of þe fete clene y-pikyd.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)41 : Take Pigis fete clene ypekyd.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.7 : Take wete and pyke hit fayre.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.26 : Take capons and schalde and pyke hom þen.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.46 : Pyke clene þy mustuls, wasshe hom with honde.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)108 : To mak ryse, pik the rise, wesshe them.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)67b/a : Recipe þe wormes of þe erþe, whiche þat schulen be weel y-pikid fro þe erþe or wel y waischen.
c
- ?c1350 Why werre (Peterh 104)p.20 : He [doctor] wol byd the wif sethe a caponn And a pese of bef; The gode-man schal have never a mossel..He wol pike hit hymself And make his mawe towt.
- a1475 The boris hede (Brog 2.1)p.93 : Then commys in the secund kowrs..Larkys in hoot schow, ladys for to pyk.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)p.119 : Iohannes, iohannes, opica, qui cras os non opicabis nullum. Ion, Ion, pyke a bone, to-morrow þu schall pyke none.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)95a : To pyke A bane: Opisare [Monson: opicare].
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)391/149 : To pike you ar preste Many vncomly beest; Thus thai shall make a feste Of youre flesh and of youre blode.
- a1500 PFulham (Jas 43)76 : But now men on deyntes so hem delyte To fede hem vpon the fysches lyte, As flowndres, perches, and suche pykyng ware.
- ?c1500 It fell ageyns (Roy 19.B.4)23 : Many smale whelppis sche haue to eke, many bonys they muste pike.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.941 : The mullok on an heep ysweped was..And al this mullok in a syve ythrowe And sifted and ypiked [vrr. y-plucked, bultid] many a throwe.
4.
(a) To pick or pull (flax); pick up (crumbs); crop (pasture); pluck (sth.) with the beak; ~ of (up); (b) to remove (sth. from a house) by picking up; ~ awei, take away (sth.) by picking up; remove (hair, bones, skin) by picking off or extracting; remove (the best fish from a group); ~ of, strip off (the shell of a nut); pick off (lice on a garment); (c) ~ oute, to extract (sth.) by picking; remove (bones from a fish); clear away (stones in a field); gouge out (an eye); extirpate (sth.) [quot.: Ch.(4)]; ~ oute of, remove (sth.) out of (sth.) by picking with fingers or a beak; also fig.; ~ oute (of, extract or collect (subjects) from (authors); (d) ~ motes, to take note of small points; ~ oute mot, chide about a trifle; ~ on, pick at (a thorn) in trying to extract it; (e) to pick (a lock); to pick the lock of (a money box).
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)156 : Autre foyze le lyn eslysez [glossed:] pik [vr. pul up] thi flax.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)6736 : Lazare asked nat greuuslyke, But a fewe crummes for to pyke.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1466 : Pyes and papejayes..prudly hade piked of pomgarnades.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)393 : Do dryue out a decre..Þat..best bite on no brom..Passe to no pasture, ne pike non erbes.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.NP.(Cmb Dd.4.24)B.4157 : A day or two ȝe shuln han degestyues..take ȝoure laxatyues Of lauriol, centaure..Of herbe yue growyng in oure ȝerd..Pikke [vr. Pluk] hem right [vr. Pike hem vpright] as they growe and ete hem In.
- ?c1450 Susan.(Mrg M 818)82 : Þies papyniayes..prenen for prowde; Þies perres and pyoune appilles, Þei pyken hem in pees.
b
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)107/15 : Alle þe reuelacions þat euer sawe any man here in bodely licnes..þei haue goostly bemenynges..& þerfore late us pike of þe rouȝ bark & fede us of þe swete kyrnel.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.103 : Þe fendis may dwelle in comoun weye..and pike awey þe seed biside.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)804 : He spekyth as it were a holy pope. Goo, felaw, and pyke of þo lys Þat crepe þer upon þi cope!
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)10 : Take a gode Capoun an boyle hem tendere, an pyke a-way clene þe bonys an þe Skyn.
- (1456) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2.p.53 : Hit ys Ordeingned..that euery suche byar pay to the Chamburleynes vn to the vse of the Chambre for euery c hake soo y bought, ij d.; With that, that he may tell hit Pesebely, the best nott Pyked a wey.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)3242 : Ȝit, for his parentyne, to pipe as doith a mowse, I woll hym tech, & for to pike a snayll out of his house.
- c1500 Recipe MSS Hast.in HMC (Hnt HU 1051)1.427 : Take to ij gangge of calvefete, halfe a gange of roder fete, and seth hem or scalde hem and pyke away the hayr.
c
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2568 : Sche was softe, Thenkende on thilke unkynde Pride, Of that hire lord..Avanteth him that he hath..piked out hire fader brain, And of the Skulle had mad a Cuppe.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.49 : Pyke out the bones out of the fyssh.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)56 : If peraventure in þe wounde come eny wormes..ȝe shul pyke hem out with a styk.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.401 : And to þis entent seiþ Crist, 'Ȝif þin iȝe sclaundre þee, pyke it out!
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)9.94 : On his shuldre wer ofte tymes seyn..Milk whit dowes, which that piked greyn Out of his eris.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)3.28 : Now lond..ye most hit plowe eftsones; Ek dilygently cloddy hit, pyke owt stones.
- c1440 Treat.Prayer (Thrn)298 : See how þe fende pykes owte þe trouthe of cristyne menes hertes.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)25b : As þe kernel is pyked out of þe note for delice of his swetnesse, so haue y piked out [vr. out of] þese auctores þe moste lusty matires.
- a1450(1413) Glade in god call (Dgb 102)64 : A man myȝte be forborn..Fer fro a kynges place Wolde..mayntene hym in his trespace, While he pykeþ þe stones out of þe crowne.
- a1450 Chauliac(4) (Cai 336/725)8/21 : The Cirurgians worchinge..ben..Extirpare superfluum..pike out clene [*Ch.(1): cutte a way] þat þing þat is superflu.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)47 : Take Costardys, Perys, & pare hem clene & pike out þe core.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.9 : Take hennes and fresshe porke..Sethe hom togedur..Take hem up, pyke out þe bonys.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)154 : Yf I seye so, myn yen shul be pickd oute.
- c1500 In a chyrch (Ashm 61)39 : Oute of hys hede, I pyke many a thorn.
- a1500 Off alle wemen (Cmb Ff.5.48)15 : I make my mone To se my sonnys hed as hit is here; I pyke owt thornys be on & on.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4106 : Þis foule fleeþ..In-to þe cokatrice mouth..And þe wormes euerichone, He pikeþ hem out by oone and one.
d
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1274 : God sende mo swich thornes on to pike!
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)171/5113 : Wot ye hit is not hit, Alle be she fayre and wel vnto hir lijk. A ye, my frend, kan ye suche motis pijk?
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)91/283 : If I here chyde, she wolde clowte my cote, blere myn ey, and pyke out a mote.
e
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1103 : He dremeth theeues..on his cofres knokke & leye on faste, And some hem pyke with a sotil gyn And vp is broken, lok, hasp, barre, & pyn.
- (1469) Ordin.Househ.Clarence in PSAL (1790)90 : Item, That no mannere man…breake noe doores ne windowes, ne picke lockes…of any house of office wherein the seid Duke's goodes lieth.
5.
(a) To keep (sb.) neat; dress (sb.) finely; make (hair) trim, comb; furbish up or brush clean (clothing); polish or adorn (armor, equipment, chess pieces); polish (one's language); refl. make oneself neat and trim, adorn oneself; (b) of a bird: to preen itself; -- also refl.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.3118 : For thilke scole of eloquence Belongith nought to my science, Uppon the forme of rethoriqe My wordis forto peinte and pike.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2011 : He kembeth hym, he preyneth hym, and pyketh.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)289b/a : Ȝitte his skynne..is so nedefulle..ffor wiþ suche a bestes, cloþes ben y-clensed and y-pyked.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2017 : Fyrst he clad hym in his cloþez..& syþen his oþer harnays, þat holdely watz keped, Boþe his paunce and his platez, piked ful clene..& al watz fresch as vpon fyrst.
- c1410 Chaucer CT.Prol.(Cmb Dd.4.24)A.365 : Ful fressh and newe her gere pyked was, here knywes were..al with siluer wrouȝt.
- (?c1425) Hoccl.Jonathas (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)164 : Gay, fressh, and pykid was shee to the sale.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11191 : Þenne come chaumberleyns & squiers Wiþ riche robes of mani maners To folde, to presse, & to pyke..& som to strike.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1734 : The Ches was al of yvery, the meyne fressh & newe, Ipulsshid & I-pikid, of white, asure, & blewe.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)237 : She louid and pikid, fedde and tawȝte this childe.
- c1500 In a chyrch (Ashm 61)35 : Thou pykes [vr. pykest] hys erys.
- a1500 Off alle wemen (Cmb Ff.5.48)11 : Þu pykys [vr. pykist] his here.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.7 : And so aworth he takith his penance And of his vertew maid it suffisance, With mony a noble resoun..Enditing in his fair Latyne tong, So full of fruyte and rethorikly pykit.
b
- ?c1450 Susan.(Mrg M 818)81 : Þies papyniayes pykyn and prenen for prowde.
- 1486 ?Berners Bk.St.Albans (Blades 1881)leaf a vi/a : Youre hawke proynith and not pikith, and she prenyth not bot when she begynnyth at hir leggys and fetcheth moystour like oyle at hir taill.
- 1486 ?Berners Bk.St.Albans (Blades 1881)leaf a vi/b : And sum tyme yowre hawke cowntenansis as she piked hir, and yet she proynith not; and then ye most say, 'she Reformith hir federis.'
6.
To choose, select, or pick out (sb. or sth.) as suitable or agreeable; pick (sb. to do sth.); ~ oute (up); ~ oute the best, take the best part; chosen and) piked for the nones, selected for a particular purpose; ppl. as adj.: choice, distinguished.
Associated quotations
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)237 : He doth the wif sethe a chapoun and piece beof..The best he piketh up himself and maketh his mawe touht And ȝeveth the gode man soupe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2650 : And thilke time at Rome also Was Tullius with Cithero, That writen upon Rethorike, Hou that men schal the wordes pike After the forme of eloquence.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1590 : Bot forto loke upon the lore Hou Tullius his Rethorique Componeth, ther a man mai pike Hou that he schal hise wordes sette.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.44a : Blessed be god that I haue wedded fyue Of whiche I haue pyked out the beste, Bothe of here nether purs and of here cheste.
- (a1399) Form Cury (Add 5016)p.18 : Take Connes and pare hem; pyke out the best and do hem in a pot of erthe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3874 : Þer-fore lat vs..oure force manly for to schewe, Of knyȝtis chose piken out a fewe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.659 : Þouȝ þe termys in englisch wolde ryme, To rekne hem alle I haue as now to tyme, Ne no langage pyked for þe nonys.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)659 : Crist, corner stoon, xij stoones pykide..xij apostlys for to be.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)10.87 : Now medis newe enfourme yf that thee like; Lond dewy faat, so lenyng, somdel playne, In places like a valey hem thou pyke.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)17306 : And of my meyne tak what ȝow leste and pyketh owt a certeyn of the best.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)123/11 : Venus his voice to me awe Þat princes to play in hym pykis.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)5422 : Hys first bowe..Is wroght and made..Al to gedre of yvory, Y-piked out ful craftyly, As any snowe passing white.
- c1450(?c1408) Lydg.RS (Frf 16)6032 : In her composicioun Ther was ryght noght but golde and stonys, Chose and piked for the nonys.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)5.106 : Of alle the est-syde Of al this world, to seke ferre and wyde, Shulde þou not fynde soo pyked a company In gramer, rethorike, and tho artes alle.
7.
(a) To get or acquire (sth.); have (encouragement from sb.); learn (an art); refl. take or obtain (spiritual gratification, benefit, woe) for oneself; ~ thank, gain, or curry favor; curry favor (for oneself); (b) ~ contenaunce, to assume a feigned facial expression or behavior; also, create a pretext; ~ errour, ~ (him) mod, be incensed; become angry; ~ querele, look for and find an occasion of complaint and hostile action against someone; ~ querele to, pick a quarrel with (sb.); ~ out pride, ?build up (one's) pride (on the basis of sth.); (c) pick-thank, one who curries favor by telling tales.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330 Body & S.(5) (Auch)p.34 : Wodes, wones, watres y bouȝt Wiþ al þat ich miȝt pike and spele.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)573 : Þus pore men her part ay pykez, Þaȝ þay com late & lyttel wore.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)399 : In the world so louynge tendrenesse Is noon as is the loue of a womman To hir chyld namely &..To hire housbonde also, where-of witnesse We weddid men may bere..And so byhoueth a thank us to pyke.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)21/21 : Loo! here liþ counforte; construe þou cleerly & pike þee sum profite.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)94/14 : Þer ben sum creatures so stronge in spirit þat þei kun pike hem counforte inowȝ..in offryng up of þis..meek steryng of loue.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3048 : He neuer denyeth His lordes resouns, but a þank to pike, His lordys wil and witte he iustifieth.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)158/4710 : I most desire of any erthely thing To doon alle that as were to hir plesyng, But of rewdenes thou gevist me such larges That thank to pike me wantith the konnyng.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)194/5788 : Thou maist ben gladder so forto dwelle Then y with wanton wandryng þus abowt, That haue me pikid amongis þe rowt An endles woo.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)161 : Yit true it is, Man shal ben angelike; Forthi their hosteyinȝe the Lord hath shewed Ofte vnto man, the crafte therof to pike, In knyghthode aftir hem man to be thewed.
- (1469) Paston (EETS)1.541 : Wher-for to þat entent þat he nor they shold pyek no comfort of me, I answerd hym.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.698 : Many a contenance he piketh To bringen hire in to believe Of thing which that he wolde achieve.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1180 : Now I singe, and now I sike, And thus mi contienance I pike.
- a1400 Rich.(Eg 2862)5981 : Pykked [Brunner: Kyng R. pekyd gret errour; Wraþþe dede hym chaunge colour].
- 1448 Rich.(Arms 58)1805 : Piked [vr. pykedde hym] mode [Brunner: Kynge Rycharde was wrothe and eger of mode].
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)170/5084 : 'No more,' quod she, and lete downe falle a ryng To pyke a countenaunce, so wot ye what, And turnyd as it had ben bowt for that.
- (1452) Paston (EETS)1.150 : The seyde parsone..hathe pekyd a qwarell to on Mastyr Recheforth.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.22 : Thay [fallen angels] had graces of whilk thaire pride thai myght pike out, Bot stinking man no thing whare of to bere hym stout.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)256 : Who þat is froward of condicion..Can sone seke & fynde occasion, Pyke a quarell for to do damage.
c
- (1460) Paston2.203 : Som men shuld sey of me as pikethankys to noyse me double.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)194/29 : But make noȝt many rewlerris in þine hows, for jche of hem schal assay to ouircome hys felaw, and euir þei schal make talys yche of odyr, jche of hem to schewe hym-self profitabil..yit haue uery knowyng þat sqwyche pykethankis, thei make ryche hem-self and oppresse þi sogettis.
8.
(a) To steal (sth.), rob, plunder; steal from (sb.), steal (sth. from sb. or sth.); seize (prisoners), capture, rescue; steal by encroaching [quot.: ?c1425]; also, commit a theft; ~ oute; ~ from, get an advantage over (sb.) [quot.: Palladius]; ~ up, seize (prisoners from sb.); (b) ~ preie, to seize a victim; take spoil; ~ purse, steal from a purse; also, steal a purse; ~ male, steal from (someone's) bag or wallet; also in prov.; pinchen and ~, oppress and rob; ~ and stelen, steal (sth.); also fig.; stelen and ~; -- used in prov.; preien and ~, pillage (sth.); ransack (a place); pullen and ~, plunder (sth.); (c) ~ peni, one who steals pennies, an exceedingly covetous person; ~ purse, one who steals purses or from purses.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Arun 220)p.153 : Eschuvet flatour ke seet flater, Trop seet ben espeluker [glossed:] piken [vrr. pic out, glonden].
- a1350 Ich herdemen (Hrl 2253)24-5 : Þus wil walkeþ in lond, & lawe is forlore, & al is piked of þe pore, þe prikyares prude; Þus me pileþ þe pore and pykeþ ful clene.
- a1350 Of Rybaudȝ (Hrl 2253)27 : Nou beþ capel-claweres wiþ shome to-shrude..hue pykeþ of here prouendre al huere prude.
- (1402) Topias (Dgb 41)p.62 : We piken from the pore and riche al that we may geten.
- (1402) Topias (Dgb 41)p.66 : Ther we piken but seely pans; Thi secte pikith poundis.
- (1402) Topias (Dgb 41)p.67 : As touchyng ȝiftes to pore men, ȝe pike that thai shulde have, bothe of godes and faithe of soule.
- ?c1425 PPl.B (Clg A.11)13.371 : Pikid [Ld: Ȝif I ȝede to þe plow, I pynched so narwe, þat a fote londe or a forwe fecchen I wolde Of my nexte neighbore, nymen of his erthe].
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2467 : For unto Phillis hath he sworen thus, To wedden hire, and hire his trouthe plyghte, And piked of hire al the good he myghte.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)prol.50 : Let feithfullest rehence [read: reherce]..Yf heretike ought kouthe pike him fro.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1636 : They buskede them bownn..Planttez them in the pathe with powere arrayede To pyke up þe presoners fro oure pryse peris.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3227 : Þai..Hopit with hondis to hew hom to dethe, Prisoners to pike, & the pray lyuer.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12862 : There come out of castels..Pilours and plodders, piked þere goodes.
- c1450(1415) Crowned King (Dc 95)95 : Cherissh thy champyons and chief men of Armes, And suche as presoners mowe pike with poyntes of werre; Lete hem welde that they wynne.
- ?a1476 Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.530 : Also it is used if ony be founde..pikeyng..other smale thynges, lynyn, wollen..[he] be brought in to the high strete.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)351/335 : Ihesu..Thi close so can thai fro the pyke, on roode thay left the small.
b
- ?c1300 Songs Langtoft (Frf 24)394 : Bi wode ne bi weye Ne herd I nevere seien of prestere pages To pullen and to piken The robes of the rike [vr. Purses to pike, robis to rike] that in the feld fellen.
- c1390 Whon Men beoþ (Vrn)178 : Þe lyf þat is to ow so leof, He wol ȝou reue..He comeþ so baldely to pyke his pray.
- (c1391) Gower CA Suppl.(Hnt EL 26.A.17)5.7144* : He..thoghte he wolde be som weie The tresor pyke and stele aweie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6633 : For this proverbe is evere newe, That stronge lokes maken trewe Of hem that wolden stele and pyke [vr. pile].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6681 : I wolde fle Into the chambre forto se If eny grace wolde falle, So that I mihte..Som thing of love pyke and stele.
- a1400 Falseness and couetys (Mert 248)6 : Ilke man in lande no leris wyt falsedam to pinchyn and pike.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2534 : Whedyr prykkes thow, pilouur..there pykes thowe no praye.
- a1450(?1404) As þe see (Dgb 102)150 : Gloseres..wole a lord..Of pore puple pyke here pray.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)23/18 : He [God] has made to hym [man] a make And harde to her I wol me hye..And fande to pike fro hym þat pray.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1371 : The Grekes..Prayen and pyken mony priuey chambur.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3199 : Þai..To the tempull full tite token þere gate, Prayen & piken all the pure godes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4771 : The[y]..prayet & piket þat proffet was in.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)376 : Þouȝe it have costid me, ȝit wol I do my peyn ffor to pike hir purs to nyȝte.
- (1465) Paston (EETS)1.145 : Pampyng and I have picked your male And taken out pesis v.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Hrl 2251)642 : To ouerpresse a pore man the riche set no tale; A cloth sakke stuffid, shame it is to pike a male.
- ?a1476 Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.530 : Also it is used if ony be founde cuttyng purses or pikeyng purses or other smale thynges..[he] be brought in to the high strete.
c
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1998 : Ther [temple of Mars] say I..The pikepurs and eek the pale drede, The smylere with the knyf vnder the cloke.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.370 : Sesse þe sywestere sat on þe benche..Dauwe þe dykere with a dosen harlotes Of portours and of pykeporeses [vrr. pikporses, pyke-purses, pikepurs] and pylede toþ-drawers.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)397 : Pykepeny [Win: Pikpeny]: Cupidinarius.
9.
Refl. To remove oneself, betake oneself, go; ~ awei (oute, thennes), go away [cp. ODan. pikke af].
Associated quotations
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)557/35 : Than anone that damesell pycked her away pryvayly, that no man wyste where she was becom.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1202/2 : 'Make thou no more langayge,' seyde sir Gawayne, 'but delyvir the quene from the, and pyke the lyghtly oute of thys courte!'
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1348 : Then Reson hym commaundyd pyke hym thens lyghtly.
10.
In surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1200) in Ewen Surnames Brit.325 : Sim. Pickebarli.
- (1225) Close R.Tower 222b : Ricardus Pikeculvre.
- (1229) Pat.R.Hen.III298 : Matheum Pikechin.
- (1251) Nickname in LuSE 55143 : Will. Pycwastel.
- (c1273) Hundred R.Tower 1477b : Laurencio Pickebarlic.
- c1296(c1275) Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.438 : R. Pikenot.
- (1301) Nickname in LuSE 55148 : Will. Pykepasteth.
- (1314) Pat.R.Edw.II170 : John Pykebon.
- (1315) Nickname in LuSE 55142 : Phil. Pykestulle.
- (1316) Nickname in LuSE 55148 : Joh. Pykehuskes.
- (1324) Pat.R.Edw.II387 : Richard Pykebere.
- (1327) Nickname in LuSE 55142 : Joh. Picbark.
- (1338) Nickname in LuSE 55143 : Will. Pikenote..Gilb. Piksmall.
- (1338) Pat.R.Edw.III160 : Thomas Pyclok.
- (1379) Nickname in LuSE 55148 : Nich. Pykhauer.
- (1385) Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.511 : Pikestrawe.
- -?-(1424) Reg.Freemen York in Sur.Soc.96134 : Johannes Pykebone, taillour.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)287 : Put not youre handes in youre hosen youre codware for to clawe, nor pikynge, nor trifelynge, ne shrukkynge as þauȝ ye wold sawe.
Note: Appears to belong to sense 3.(a) and to mean 'to scratch at oneself'.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.6va (1.1) : Ageyne þe colde goute, tak whit clay..and his owen fastande vryn 7 or 9 daies olde, and þat þe clay be clene piked, and menge hem togeder in a wollen cloþe clene..and lay emplastre alse ferre as þe peyne lastiþ.
Note: Additional quot., prob. sense 3.(b).