Middle English Dictionary Entry
peutre n.
Entry Info
| Forms | peutre n. Also peuter, -ur, -ar, -our, peudr(e, -er, -our, peautre, -er, peaudre, -er, pouter, putir, pewer, pelter, (error) pendur. |
| Etymology | OF peautre, peutre, peaultre & ML peutrum, peautrum, peltrum. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) An alloy of tin and lead or brass used to make tableware and church vessels, pewter; (b) an alloy of gold and silver, electrum; (c) pewterware, tableware made of pewter.
Associated quotations
a
- [ (c1290) Britton 1 (Lamb 403)p.60 : Qi mauveise chose vendent pur bone, sicum peutre pur argent ou latoun pur or. ]
- (1310) Invent.Jarrow in Sur.Soc.293 : Item, de discis, plateriis, et salsariis de peuter, xl.
- (1311) Doc.Finchale in Sur.Soc.6p.iv : De discis et salsariis de peutre vj doudenæ, pretii xxiiij s.
- (1348) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.4 : The goode folk of the crafte ben acorded that non be so hardi to wirk by nyȝt no werk of peauter.
- (1370) Will Bury in Camd.491 : In vasis de pewtre debil. iiij s. ij d.
- (1384) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)4.149 : [Vessels of] peudre [worth 12 d.].
- (1387) Will in Bk.Lond.E.209/20 : Y be-quethe Bartilmewe neue..the lauour of peuter with the basyn of led.
- (1388) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)5.81 : [12 dishes of] pewtour garnasshed [worth 40 d.].
- (1388-9) Acc.Abingdon in Camd.n.s.5157 : j charg' de pendur [read: peudur].
- (1393) Acc.Exped.Der.in Camd.n.s.52233/31 : Item pro vessellis de pewter..iiij noble l s.
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.223 : [60] vessell [of] peawtre [worth 10 s.].
- (1400) Will York in Sur.Soc.4268 : Unum quart et unum pynt de pewter.
- (1400) Will York in Sur.Soc.4514 : iiij duodenis et vij discis de peudre.
- (1415) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)47 : Y will..þat Elizabeth my wief have..ij wered selers of peuter.
- (c1422) Invent.Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.12198 : ij paxbredes de putyr.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)91a/a : It bihoueþ..forto stampe ham bisyly þat þe succre may be expelled fro hem, which it bihoueþ for to put agayn in a vesselle of pewter.
- (1425) Paston (EETS)1.20 (11/34) : iij sauserys de pewter.
- (1426-7) Rec.St.Mary at Hill64 : Also payd for a dysch of peuter for þe Paskall viij d.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.854 : Certayn peces in shappe and fourme of harowes, multen of tyn & lede and pewtre to gedir..was selled for clene tyn, agayne course of clene marchandise.
- (1428) Doc.in Sur.Soc.854 : John Lyllyng was examynd..bathe of fals osmundes makyng and utteryng, & castyng of fals tyn menged with lede and pewer.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)128 : He vsed not curious diȝtynge of dyuers metes, rosted and sothen, ne preciouse vesselle of siluer or pewtre.
- (1434) EEWills101/24-5 : Y bequethe to Robert Sharp..a plate of peautre & ij disshes of peautre & ij sauseres of peautre.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)17/29 : Venus is a planete of hevin, aftir whom the Friday is named; and the metal that we calle tyn or peuter [vr. pewter] is yoven to the same.
- (?1445) Will York in Sur.Soc.30195 : ij pelves de peudour.
- ?a1450 Wel.542 Recipes (Wel 542)311 : Do thi licour in a vessel of peauder, or of leed, or of glas.
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)230/16 : Asaye on a cold dyschys botum of pelter with þe stycke, yf yt wax harde, and þen pore yt owte in-to a clene vesell.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)116/23 : Putte þis oyle in a vessell of pewtir or of glas.
- (c1465) Invent.Cirencester in BGAS 18 (Bod 6530)326 : ij crewets of pewtur.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.37b : William Frost and other..toke away..ii Basons of peauter..ii salt Salers of peauter.
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)81 : He rescevethe..all the plates of peautyr by the pourveyaunce of the sergeaunt-squylloure.
- a1500 Let.Bk.Lond.D (Gldh LetBk D)202 : Alle the pottis of peuter that ye fynde in tavernys nat a selyd, to the Chamberleyn..yee shal presente.
b
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)23b/a : Electrum: genus gummi or peutre.
- a1425 Roy.17.C.17 Nominale (Roy 17.C.17)653/12 : Electrum: pewtyre.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)395 : Pewtyr, metalle: Electrum.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)95a : Pewder: Electrum.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)767/41 : Electrum: pewtyr.
c
- (1440) *Plea & Mem.R.Lond.GildhA 67.8b : xxxiiij pese de peature.
- (1485-86) Acc.St.Andrew Hubbard in BMag.32155 : Resseyvid for old yron and pewtyr found in the vestre, summa xvij d.
2.
In combs. and cpds.: (a) made of pewter; ~ dish, lavour, saucere, etc.; (b) ~ garnish, a set of pewter vessels; ~ pot, a vessel made of pewter; pewter beer mug; also as name of inn; ~ vessel, pewterware, tableware made of pewter; also, a vessel made of pewter.
Associated quotations
a
- (1387) Will Court Hust.(Gldh)2.277 : Stolis, chestis, [a] ferplate, [a] peutrelavour.
- (1388) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)5.17 : [12] disshes [and 12] pewtur [saucers worth 3 s. 4 d.].
- (1389) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)5.157 : [6 old] pewtre [salt-cellars].
- (1389) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)5.162 : [Silver spoons, brass pots and] peaudre [dishes worth 10 s.].
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)192/27 : Leie it in a peuter [L stannea] disch & spete þeron.
- (1400) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.71 : [13 dozen] peautere [dishes of the goods of King Richard II].
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)89 : Take whit gyngire, and rubbe hit on a wheston of norweye, & wiþ wyne in a pewdre sawcer.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)17 : Where syluer fayleþ, in a pewter dyssh Ryall dentees byn oft tymes seyne.
b
- (1367-8) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100386 : In duodena de peudervessell garnatis dimissis in officio, 15 s.
- (1383) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)4.128 : [2-1/2] dosen [of] peutervessell gernest [worth 20 s., 4] peuterpottes de potells.
- (1389) Will York in Sur.Soc.4129 : Demi xij de pewdyr wessell.
- (1396) in Löfvenberg Contrib.Lex.52 : [Half a dozen vessels of] peutre garnysshe.
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.97 : [4] doseyn garnysshed de peutrevessel.
- (1400) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.28 : [3 small] peauter [pots worth 8 d.].
- (1412) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.243 : Peautrevesselles [weighing 103 quarters 20 lbs.].
- (1414) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)13 : ij xij de powterfessel.
- (1419) *Will Bury155a : I be qweþe Alyson my dowter..half a garnysch of pewter vessel.
- (1422-3) Acc.Abingdon in Camd.n.s.5194 : Item, ix pewderpottus de potel.
- (1423-4) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.180/1250 : Item, for j wipynge cloth for þe pewter vessell, j d.
- (1425) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.188/1497 : Item, for viij dosseyn of peauter vessell, xx d.
- (1425-6) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.190/1555 : These been þoo persones þat dede selle her ale with owten Mesur..Anneys grene, atte peauterpotte yn Iremongerelane.
- (1428) EEWills78/24 : I will that the same Henry haue..all my peces and kuppes of siluer, peuder pottes, Naapri, and all the vtensilmentes longyng to my kechyn.
- (1438) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.10 : That no person of the saide Craft..selle ony Peauter vessel to cheuysaunce wittingeli oppon peine of xl d.
- (1441) Will York in Sur.Soc.3084 : Di. dusane pewdr vessell.
- (1442) Invent.Gild in PSAL ser.2.5124 : Item x pewter pottes potellers.
- (1444) Will Daubeney in Som.RS 19341 : Y wol she have..a dosyn of new pewtre vessell garnysshed.
- (1455) Lin.DDoc.67/34 : Lego Alicie ffaucon..dim. dosene de peautre vesselles de optimis.
- (1457) LRed Bk.Bristol2.184 : All men vsyng pewterere is craft..shall make all vessell called pewturuessell and pottes called pewtur pottes..that hit be made of gode, lawfull and sufficiant metell aftur the rewle and asay of London.
- (1458) Act Ripon in Sur.Soc.6475 : Lego Johanni Browne..j dowss' lez pewderwessells.
- (1461) Paston (EETS)1.275 : If ye be at home this Cristmes, it were wele do ye shuld do puruey a garnyssh or tweyn of pewter vesshell.
- (1461) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 9466 : In coquina..xxiiii pecez of pewter vessell.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.37b : William Frost and other..cam..to the dwellyng place of John Glyn..and there brake uppe his dores and toke away..iii dosen of peauter Vessell.
- (?1474) Stonor1.147 : Yn þe Kechyn..j garnysshe of pewter veselle.
- a1605(?a1500) Lond.Lickpenny (Hrl 542)91 : One cried ribes of befe, and many a pie, pewtar potts they clatteryd on a heape.
- -?-(1407) Will in Som.RS 1629 : [A] Potte du Tene, demy doson du Pewter vesselles..[and other necessaries pertaining to] Brewerne.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 2.(a)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. pewter saucer.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc. (sense 2.(b)), see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. pewter vessel.