Middle English Dictionary Entry
oft(e adv.
Entry Info
Forms | oft(e adv. Also hofte, ouft(e, ogwhte, ofto, of; sup. oftest, etc. & oftisd, oftemest. |
Etymology | OE oft adv. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) With reference to action: repeatedly, again and again, frequently, often; (b) with reference to being, occurring or happening: on numerous occasions, under many circumstances, many times, frequently, often; for ~, very often; in ~, ?in many instances; hit) happeth ~, ~ happeth, etc.; (c) as ~ as, also ~ as, so ~ as, so ~ so, etc., as often as, whenever; (d) ~ and lome, ~ and ilome, etc., again and again [see also ilome and lome]; ~ a dai, many times a day, many times; (e) comp. ofter, oftermo, a greater number of times, more frequently, oftener; ofter than ones, more times than once; the ofter, the more often; (f) sup. oftest, oftemost, most frequently, most often, oftenest.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1119 : Se cyng..wæs..oft rædlice swyþe gedreht.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)10/9 : Wið wirtan nim foxes sceallen; ȝecnid swiþe oft þar-mid þa weartan.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)30/15 : He wolde oft spæcæn on deopum biȝspellum.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.62 : All forrþi Shollde icc wel offte nede Amang Goddspelles wordess don Min word.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5814 : Ofte [Otho: hofte] he ræd hire þurh & þurh.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8498 : Þe walle he lufode & ofte [Otho: lome] hine þer-inne baðede.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)5/19 : Ðies ilche modinesse..me haueð swiðe ofte beswiken.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)5/31 : Þes ȝung mon..wes iwunet ofte to cumen wið him to his in.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)37/4 : Ne speoke ȝe wið namon ofte ne longe.
- a1275 *St.Marg.(2) (Trin-C B.14.39)200 : Ant yeld here seruise, ofte mid muchele wowe.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)330 : Ofte of þis smal chaf þis breþren brouȝten hom.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)23/405 : Ofte heo him custe, So wel so hire luste.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)548 : A rode he hadde in is hous, þer-on ofte to crie.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)519 : He god adde ofte bi-sogte.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)270 : Al þat wole synegy and ofte do amys.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10491 : Hor wiues & hor doȝtren þe king ofte vorlay & hangede men gultles.
- c1330 Le Freine (Auch)1 : We redeþ oft..layes þat ben in harping.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)191/9 : He yaf ofte his kertel and his sserte to þe poure uor god.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)355 : For godes loue, gretes ofte my godelyche moder.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2470 : Þe prouost..clipt it & kest oft & many siþes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Par.17.8 : I made to þee a name as of oon of þe grete men þat ben ofte worschipid in þe erþe.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1965 : Blynd he [Cupid] was, as it is ofte sene.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.55 : In Lettow hadde he reysed and in Ruce, No Cristen man so ofte of his degree.
- (?1387) Wimbledon Serm.(Corp-C 357)85/391 : So it happiþ ofte þey þat were more worþy to be honged dampneþ hem þat beþ lasse worþy.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.620 : Where he goth he blesseth ofte.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)76a/a : He þat haþ þat disese oþir yuel þat hatte strangurya pissiþ ofte & litil.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)11485 : Þere y spake of ofte shryuyng.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3747 : He has me don oft vn-resun.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)2.16 : Þat is mede þe maide, haþ noiȝede me ful ofte.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)531 : Pacience is a nobel poynt, þaȝ hit displese ofte.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)32/5 : We haue herd so ofte þe same wordes þat þei weren stired wiþ.
- (c1400) Higd.(1) (Hrl 1900)501 : He that was y-closed tolde that he had ofte herde the voys and the grysbitting of thilke soules.
- c1425 Wycl.Concord.in Spec.43 (Roy 17.B.1)272 : Remissioun is ofte maad in þis concordaunce fro such a synoneme til anoþir.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)144/18 : And if hit were possible for me to dye an hondred times, I had levir to dye so oufte than yelde me to the.
- a1475 I knowlech to god (Rwl B.408)59 : I haue not reuerensed þe seuen sacramentes..But of sore synned þat me repentes.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.50.34b : Neuerþeles I hope bettur þat þou slepist ouft wan þou schuldest calle to hym þan he to þe.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Glo 42)775/8 : Þus þey dydyn of; wher-for The Cyte was ny dystroyed.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)196 : He wakenyd ofte, when he schulde slepe.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2066 : Wherfore it is perile and not goode Moche or ofte to taste of that foode.
- a1500 Bod.EMisc.Lapid.(BodEMisc e.558)29/184 : They that haue ben discomforted, haue ben comforted by lokyng on this stone..& ofte foryeten here hevynesse.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1104 : Æfre ealswa se cyng for full hergung þurh his hired uppon his wreccea folc wæs, & þær on mang for oft bærneta & man slihtas.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)16/21 : Ðær wurdon oft æt þam waterscipe moniȝfealde ceastu & monslihtæs.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9016 : Forr ȝuw birrþ uppo kirrkeflor Beon fundenn offte & lannge.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1680 : Ofte [Otho: hofte] hit ilimpð þat eft hit him of-þincheð.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2203 : It happeth many tyme and ofte that, whan twey men han euerich wounded oother, o same sirurgien heeleth hem bothe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.506 : Murmure eek is ofte amonges seruauntz.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.592 : He moste go For his honour, as ofte happeth so.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.649 : Ful ofte hym happeth to mysusen it.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)111b/b : As þese seuen planetis ofte worchiþ, þey hauen myȝt & power in ofte in generacioun of men.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8121 : Maner þer ys of foule kyssyng..Þat falleþ ofte yn pryuyte.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.608 : Fretinge of..frost Where-þoruȝ ful ofte moche fruit is lost.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1290 : He..filt also anoy and gret damage..holding his passage..In peryl ofte, likly to be lorn.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)31/22 : Þus sum men ben ofte doun & recouere a ȝen.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)344/16 : Sche..þouȝte..þat as it happide & bifel to her ofte, so sche supposide þat I þanne had satisfyed to her aftir her desier invysibly.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)10 : Yit happeth me ful ofte in bokes reede Of his myrakles.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)30 : But whanne it is ofte had in custum sich maner doynge, þanne is resoun blindid and stranglid.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)32 : For þouȝ it be first good and goostly, and bigynneþ in good and goodnes, naþelees ofte it falliþ, þat it is aftirward badde and fleschli.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)88b : To be Ofte: Crebrere, crebescere.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)26b/11 : Ther is Apostume cold þat men callith a boche þat oft is in þe neke.
c
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)124/1 : Ic eow bidde..þæt swa ofte swa ȝe faren bi ricre monnæ burines þæt ȝe sceawiæn & asmeȝen hwær heoræ wælan beoð bicumene.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)12/149 : Vre flesch is ure fa, & heaneð us, & hearmeð se oft as ha us fuleð.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)26/415 : Þu schalt..wakien i moni care..ase wel for þe laþe ofte as for þe leoue.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)9/19 : As ofte as ȝe þrefter breken eni of ham.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)12265 : As ofte as þou to shryfte art went, As ofte helpeþ þe þe sacrament.
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)34/5 : So he doþe als oft as he wiþ lesynge hyleþ mannes synne.
- a1425 Christ.Belief (LoC 4)19/729 : Noght þhet one tyme he forgyues þe synfull his syne, bot als of als þe synfull is repentaunt .. for his syne and schryues him þareof, wid will neuer more to turne agayne.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)79/30 : As ofte as he þat haþ ȝit fre chois while he is in deedly body askeþ myn help, he schal haue it.
- c1430 Usages Win.(Win-HRO W/A3/2)p.49 : Þe whiche foure and twenty schull come to þe mayre..also ofte as nede is for profyt of þe town.
- (1442) RParl.5.54b : That no Custumer..nor thair Clerkes..have any Shippes of here owne..upon the peyne of xl li., to be forfait as ogwhte as they do the contrarie.
- a1450 As ofte (Tan 346)25 : As ofte as roses beth both rede and white..So ofte, and ofter, I sygh for youre sake.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4203 : Bot as ofto as hit was rerede vp þere ouer hem, As ofto in þe nyȝt hit was cast doune aȝeyne.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1939 : And as offt as it chaungith coloure Hit turneth into dyuers sauoure.
- (1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.151 : Als oft as eny assembles shal be thoȝt good and resonable..they shal pay..their halfpens.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.373 : He..usede to synge hye masse as soe ofte as he was at Worcestre.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Glo 42)733/6 : Als ofte as þou lokes vpon þat blody scherte, Þou schallt wepe sor for me.
d
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)13 : Eower heorte erȝian swiðe and eower feond stronȝian and westmes þorð uuele wederas oft and ilome scal for-wurðan.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1521 : Hit itit ofte & ilome Þat wif & were beoþ unisome.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1545 : For hit itit lome [Jes-O: ilome] & ofte Þat his wif is wel nesche & softe.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1356 : Ful ofte a day he swelte and seyde 'allas!'
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2623 : Ful ofte a day haue thise Thebanes two Togydre ymet.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3108 : Exyoun In seruitute among hem doth soiourne, Whiche oft a day causeth me to mourne.
- a1456(c1385) Chaucer Adam (Benson-Robinson)5 : So ofte a-daye I mot thy werk renewe.
e
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1114 : Þæs geares syððan he ne heold hired nan oftar.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)21 : We sunegiet..ofter þene we scolde.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)43 : He wes an biscop..þe..ofter..walde anuppon his underlinges mid wohe motien..þenne he walde salmes singen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)217/2 : As ofte ileten blod, & ȝef neod is oftre [Nero: oftere].
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)128/5 : Nis ðet iren acursed ðet iwurðeð þe swarture & ðe ruhure so hit is ofture & more iviled?
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)116/430 : Wimmon weped for mod ofter [vr. oftere] þanne for eni god.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5337 : Ofte siþe aboue he was, & bineþe ofter mo.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)p.104 : Let it naȝt boyle no ofter than onys.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)4 Kings 21.13 : I schal turnen & bryngyn oftere þe poyntel vp on his face.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4618 : If thow bigile me any ofter than ones, Thow shalt namoore..Do me to synge.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1026 : And though thow shryue thee ofter than ones..it is the moore merite.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1041 : For to withholden it the moore esily in herte and helpen hym self the ofter with the orisoun.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.215 : Wel ofter of the welle than of the tonne She drank.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)138a/b : And þerfore ofter is haile in wynter þan in somer.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)322b/a : Oþre foules leggeþ eyren twies or oftere a ȝere, as swalwes.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.378 : It is nouȝt vsed in erthe to hangen a feloun Ofter þan ones, þough he were a tretour.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)621 : And ay þe ofter, þe alder þay were, Þay laften ryȝt and wroȝten woghe.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)53/1 : For hit is knowen þe ofter a man haþ forȝeuenesse of his synne..þe gretter is þe synne þat he doþ afterward.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)10/10 : Wha so weddes ofter than anes, þaire childer er bastardes.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)158b/a : Ȝiffe þe siyke to drinke þerof a grete drauȝte at ones & noon oftere, for if he do it wille vnknytte þe bone aȝen.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)176a/a : Þe ofter þat it is distilled, þe stronglier it worcheþ.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)53a : Ofter [vr. oftener] is an oost destroied wiþ scarste of vitailles þan wiþ fiȝt.
- a1450 As ofte (Tan 346)8 : As ofte as syghes ben in herte trewe..So ofte, and ofter, I sygh for youre sake.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13736 : God wold shew swylke power playn aftur his ded ofter þen ones.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)57/27 : I hafe synnyd ofter þan þer is gravell in þe see.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)220 : Thou schuldist..have cause..forto the hertilier and the ofter thanke him, and the ofter and the bettir, bi good servycis, quite him aȝen.
- (1471) Paston (EETS)1.438 : God..schall schewe hym-sylff as mervylous ageyn..and, as I suppose, offtere then onys in casis lyke.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)305 : Bodiliche chastite is ofte broken, but oftere chastite of soule.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)194/3 : If þe childe breke þe first now seid comaundement, or þe ije., oonys or twies, or oftir, or how euer oft he do so, þe fadir wole not forsake þe childe.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)163b/b : Þe wounde schal be preperat twies on þe dai or oftere if it ȝeueþ quytture.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)76/3 : Ȝif a man trespas twyes or somwhat ofter in fornicacion, let hym do the forsaide penaunce.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)8/86 : I haue ete and drunke oftir and moore þan me nedide to þe sustenaunce of my bodi and soule.
- a1500 PNoster R.Hermit (LdMisc 104)p.157 : The offter þat þei came togedur siche talkyng to haue, good loue betwene hem wax euer more and more.
f
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)112 : Þe ðe lest wat biseið ofte mest [vr. ofte mast]; þe hit al wat is stille.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)101/4 : Ȝif ðu wilt mann icnowen, haue ðese ȝeapnesse mid ðe! Hlest hwat he speke mest and oftest.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)113 : Eauer ha hefde on hali writ ehnen oðer heorte, oftest ba togederes.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)46/29 : Ich bidde..þet hwa-se-eauer boc writ of mi lif-lade..oðer halt hit & haueð oftest on honde.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)174/20 : Bi alle þine limen, i hwuch þu hauest isuneget meast oðer oftest.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.101 : Ofteste [L frequentius] and lengeste þey were vnder þe kynges of Mercia.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28410 : Þat men þat oftest wit me delt O cheping oft i þam be-telt.
- c1400 PPl.C (Vsp B.16)4.439 : Oftest seiþ soþ [Hnt: he þat seith most sothest, sonnest ys y-blamed].
- a1425 Rolle FLiving (Arun 507)414 : Trie þi synnes..bi alle þi lymes in whilk þou has mast synnid with or oftisd.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)183 : That is a perile to which jolyfnesse ledde me and bar me ofteste.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)191/32 : Þe pointis..in þo maners, degrees, and circumstauncis in which þei ben oftist to be doon..ben comaundementis.