(a) To take hold of (sb. or sth.), hold with the hand, grasp; clasp (one's hand); capture (sb.), seize; embrace (sb.); ~ nese (nose), hold one's nose; (b) to grasp; take hold; remain fast; also fig.; (c) of disease, pain, lovesickness, sorrow: to seize (sb., a bodily organ), affect; ~ harde (hote), afflict (sb.) sorely.

(a) To bear (sth.) in the hand or hands; carry (sth.), hold (a child, a cub); also, bear (sth.) on one's person; ~ abrode, hold (sth.) wide; ~ on heigh, hold (sth.) high or above; (b) fig. to endure (a sentence, penance); (c) in proverbial expressions: ~ the candel [see candel 1b. (b)]; ~ lanterne [see lanterne]; ~ thumb in fist [see fist 2. (c)].

(a) To keep (sb. or sth.) from falling, support; also fig.; -- usually with up; (b) to raise (sth.), lift; ~ up honde(s, raise (one's) hand or hands (esp. in taking an oath, in making a promise, or in prayer); (c) to extend (sth.), reach out; ~ at, hold (sth.) against (sth.); ~ on, stretch out (sth., one's hand) over (sth.), lay (one's hands) on (sb.); ~ over, extend (one's protecting hand) over (sb.); ~ to, extend (sth.) to (sb.), hold (sth.) under (someone's nose); (d) to point (sth. in a direction); ~ nethereward, lower (the eyes); ~ up, raise the point of (one's spear); (e) to hold (a bodily part in a place, position, or manner); ~ a)doun, lower (one's head), hang (one's head); ~ up, hold up (one's head), raise (one's tail); (f) ~ the hed loue, to be humble or meek; ~ up hed, be of good cheer; maintain one's dignity.

(a) To enclose (sth.), hold (sth.) inside, contain; (b) to soak up (fluid); (c) to include (sth.).

(a) To stick, be adhesive; ppl. holding, of liquids: thick or viscous; of foods: binding, hard to digest; (b) to fasten (things); ~ togedere; of glue, a magnetized stone: hold (sth.) fast; also fig.; (c) to stick together, remain unbroken; ~ fast, ~ togedere(s; ~ to (with), be attached to (sth.).

(a) To get (sth.), acquire, obtain; ~ fro, take (sth.) from (sb.); ben holden to, be taken by (sb.); (b) fig. to obtain (goodness, a blow, etc.); (c) ~ up, to take (sth.) upon (oneself), take charge of (sth.); ~ o, take it upon (oneself to do sth.).

(a) To own (goods, livestock, a coat of arms, etc.); have (sth.) in one's possession; ~ communite of, have ownership of (possessions) in common; haven and ~; (b) to hold (an estate, a manor, land, etc., from a feudal lord); also fig.; ~ in chef, hold (an estate) directly (from the king) [see chef 4. (a)]; ~ in douere, hold (property) by right of dower; -- often with of, on, under phrase; haven and ~ (in fe), ~ seisine, have possession of (property); (c) ~ of, to owe allegiance to (a person or country); be faithful to (God); ~ in chef of, be (someone's) vassal; also fig.; (d) of land: to be held (of sb.).

Translating OF tenir a: ~ in (of), to be due to or because of (sb.).

(a) To have (a husband, wife); haven and ~ to wif (at bord and bed), ~ to bord and bed, have (a woman) as wife; (b) to keep (a mistress or concubine); have (sb.) adulterously; (c) to have (sb., a horse) in one's service.

To have (an office or position); occupy (a throne); ~ estat, be of a high rank; ~ principalte, be of great worth.

(a) To possess (a virtue, a vice, an attribute, etc.); have (evidence); ~ ende, come to an end; ~ lif, survive, live; ~ liknesse of, bear a resemblance to (sth.); (b) to harbor (an emotion, attitude), entertain; bear (wrath against sb.); ~ despit (hoker) of, feel contempt or resentment towards (sb. or sth.); ~ litel pris (tale) of, have little regard for (sth.); ~ no deinte (prid, pris, stat, store, tale) of, have no esteem or respect for (sb. or sth.), regard (sth.) as of no account; (c) ~ helde, to hold (one's) allegiance to (sb.); ~ knighthod to, be a soldier under (sb.); (d) to hold (a belief; an opinion); (e) to bear (a name); (f) ?to assume (a certain countenance); (g) to have (a certain measure in length, breadth, height, circumference).

(a) To retain possession of (sth.), keep (sth. with one); ppl. holding, greedy; -- also as noun; (b) to keep (sth.) back, withhold; reserve (sth.) for (sb.); ~ fro, withhold (sth.) from (sb.); ~ til, reserve (sth.) for (sb.); (c) to retain (sb.), keep (one's wife, guests), keep (sb. with one); (d) to imprison (sb.), keep in custody; ~ prisoner, ~ in prisoun (areste, hold); hold (sb. as a hostage), confine (sb. to a bed), keep (sb. in hell); ~ in bende (bond, bondes), keep (sb.) in chains; ~ in cage, cage (sb.), confine; (e) fig. to keep (sb.) under one's power of influence; (f) to retain (a quality, color, heat, virtue, sin, one's purpose, etc.); ~ up, keep up (one's courage).

(a) To detain (sb.), prevent (sth.) from passing; keep (sb. or sth. in a place); hold (a medication) in place; refl. stay (in a place, among people); (b) to hold (sth. in the mouth); retain (sth.) in the stomach; hold (one's breath, urine, etc.); (c) ~ of, ~ thenne(s, to keep (sb. or sth.) away; ~ out (outer), exclude (sb.); (d) refl. ~ awei, ~ fro, ~ o fer (on drie, on hove), to stay away, remain at a distance; ~ fro, stay away from (sth., a person, a place); ~ out, stay out (of a place).

To keep (sb. or sth. in a state or condition); refl. remain (in a state or condition): (a) with adj.; ~ lou, to keep (a liquid measure) small; oppress (sb.); (b) with adv.; ~ hote, to pursue (a quarry) closely or vigorously; ~ harde (hote, shorte), press (sb.) hard in battle; (c) with phr.; ~ at bok, to keep (sb.) at his lessons; ~ to mounde, give (sb.) protection; ~ to use, confine (oneself) to the use (of the Bible).

To keep (sb. or sth.) from (an action or abstraction); ~ fro, keep (April) from (raining); ~ fro (out of), deprive (sb.) of (his will, his right).

(a) To restrain (sb., oneself); ~ in, hold (sb.) in check, oppress (sb.); (b) to bring (a wild animal) to bay, check; in ~; (c) ~ eies, to prevent (someone's) eyes from seeing; ~ (up) honde, restrain (one's, someone's) hand, stop an action, stay; ~ hondes, stop, cease; also, refrain from stealing [quot.: PPl.C]; ~ mouth (tonge), hold (one's) tongue, be silent; (d) to restrain (speech, folly, the course of Nature); ~ in; ~ wit, hamper the mind; ~ wordes (langage), be silent; (e) to withstand (sb., blows); ~ aye (ayen, ayenes, toyenes, etc.), oppose (sb.) in battle or dispute, be hostile toward (sb.); resist (a commandment, law), disapprove of (sth.); stand one's ground, fight; (f) to stop, desist; -- in impv.

(a) To constrain (sb. to do sth.); urge (sb. to do sth.); -- also refl.; ben holden, be under an obligation, be obliged or constrained (to do sth.); -- with inf., to or into phr., that clause, or ther-to; (b) ben holden to (til, unto, until), to be obligated to (sb.), be indebted to; be in debt to (sb.); (c) ben holden to, to be subject to (commandments), be bound by (an oath).

(a) To rule (a kingdom, land, city, stronghold, people), govern; command (an army or a division of an army); of God: rule (heaven, earth, etc.); ~ in (on) honde, ~ under fot; (b) to exercise (royal power or authority); (c) to preside over (a court, council, parliament, meeting); ~ halle, hold (a court or assembly); preside over (a court of law); ~ assize, ~ dom, ~ quest; ~ ple, hear a suit, try a case; (d) to give (a feast); hold (a tournament).

(a) To manage or maintain (a household, an inn, a tavern); keep (a shop, a market stall, etc.); teach or conduct (a school); ~ rutte, of a hart: service the hinds in mating season; (b) to control (sb.); also, treat (sb. in a certain manner); ~ under fot, overcome (sb.); ~ harde, treat (sb.) harshly; (c) to manage or control (sth., a horse); use (an instrument); (d) refl. to conduct oneself, behave; (e) ~ in balaunce, ~ in (on) honde, to put (sb.) off, keep (sb.) in suspense.