Middle English Dictionary Entry
estāt n.
Entry Info
Forms | estāt n. Also estate, astat(e, stat. |
Etymology | AF astat, CF estat, & L status. The OF type predominates in certain senses, the Latin type in others; the stat and thestat are ambiguous. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
I.
State or condition.
1.
(a) State or condition; (b) stature, build, bodily form; (c) of God, the soul, immortal life, etc.: nature, essential character.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.311 : He myȝte liȝtloker putte Darius out of his trone..þan Dyogenes out of þe state of vertue.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)314/110 : Ful sore him rewed his owne state, And seide..Lord, good mon ouȝte I to be.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.610 : In this estat ther passed ben foure yeer Er she with childe was.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14026 : Sco es womman o sinful stat.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.6.2 : Suffre me to touche and assaye th'estaat of thi thought.
- c1450(?a1402) *?Trev.Reg.Princ.(Dgb 233)15b : Honestum is as it were þe staat of honor.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.223 : Fairenesse of body wheþer it be in state of body [L in statu corporis]..oþer in meouynge.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)738 : A stalworthy man of state and steuyn.
- a1500 7 Sages(1) (Cmb Ff.2.38)193/48 : Ancyllas..was bothe small and longe..aftur that Vp ryseth a maystyr of myddyll state..The þrydd maystyr was a lytull man.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(Hrl 2277:Horst.)275 : Of þe pure stat of crist & of his mageste.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.169 : To make men þynke of þe soule his staat [L de statu animae].
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.7 : Lat us loke..which that the estat is of the devyne substaunce.
2.
Condition with reference to a norm, (good or bad) condition: (a) with reference to physical health; (b) with reference to welfare or prosperity; (c) of anything made or constructed.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 *Rwl.Statutes [OD col.] (Rwl B.520)56b : Þe assise..is for te alloinen for te the stat of þilke tenaunt be amended.
- (1392) EEWills4/5 : I..in hool estat of my body and in good mynde beynge, make my testament.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.33 : Al is changed his astat, And wext anon so fieble and mat.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Monk fr.Death (Phys-E)30 : He asked him hou he him felid, And he his stat alle til him telld.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10763 : Þe man yn gode state þey fonde lyuyng withoute wem or wounde.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)499 : Ane lazar þat was ded now late..lifes ogain in ful gude state.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.29.6 : He is in good staat [WB(1): He farith wel].
- a1475 Hrl.Bk.Hawking (Hrl 2340:Halliwell)295 : If the hawke be in high astate.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Dunstan (LdMisc 108)93 : Þe cristindom of Enguelonde to guod stat he drovȝ.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.14 : The King fram Normandie com To Engelond, to loke the stat of his kynedom.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.572 : He was..in good staat [vrr. state, estate, astate].
- (1418) Let.War France in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)73/17 : Of the astate of your Cite of London..in pesibler degre..was neuer erthly Cite ne toun.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)101 : Hou faryth þat noble clerk..Knowest þou ouȝt hys state?
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)287 : That he schuld leve the Cherch in as good astate as he fond it.
- (1470) RParl.in OHS 5864 : For the gode astate and prosperite of your most noble persone and of this your noble realme.
- a1500 Story Alex.(Dub 213)279/11 : For þe gude astate of hys people.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)58 : To wite & to knowe þe value & state off your maneris.
c
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)386 : Þe disciples..axede him [Jesus] þe stat of þe temple.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)53 : To amendyn aȝeyn the place wasted in as good state as it was aforne.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)3/8 : Hit [scarlet water] may be kept þe space of a ȝer in gud stat.
3.
Good condition: (a) good or normal physical or emotional condition; in e)stat, in god point and e)stat, into e)stat, out of e)stat; (b) welfare, wellbeing, prosperity; (c) in other contexts.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)146b/a : To bringe þe membres þat bene disesed in to state aȝeyne.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)152b/b : A welle..makeþ..þe fysshes þat beþ there ynne þe bettir in poynte and state.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)238/15 : While that complexcioun holdyth hym in estate..a man is hoole of body.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)243/29 : Al thynnges begynnyth to renoue and wix newe, and returne Into estate.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)106/67 : I am alde and out of state.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4672 : Thou Art so anguisshous and mat, Disfigured out of astat.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)686 : He is a soþ god iproved, þat haþ þe stomak in stat stifly to kepe.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)123/228 : My belly farys not weyll, it is out of astate.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)375 : When Gye had couyrde hys estate, To þe erlys court he toke þe gate.
b
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.71,72 : Preyeers for ye pees and ye state of holy chirche, and for ye pes and ya state of ye lond.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)231 : Efter haly kyrc state þis ilk bok is es translate.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)213/32 : Whyle that thy Subiectis duryth in estate, shall dure the defense of thy realme.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)167 : For the state and for the worship of the toun.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)3.325 : I prey for thyne astate, dredenge that we haue after the a tiraunte more cruelle.
c
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)314 : His sun is wisdam þat all thing wate, For all þe werld he haldis in state.
- a1425 NHom.(3) Pass.(Hrl 4196)157/477* : Still þan stode þa wandes þare A thowsand ȝere, & wex nomare, Bot in a state ay gan þai stand.
4.
(a) Stage or period of life; mannes e)stat, manhood; (b) state (of virginity, matrimony, widowhood).
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3229 : Men sholde wedden after hir estaat, For youthe and elde is often at debaat.
- (1434) EEWills102/9 : Whanne he cometh to mannes state.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3402 : Whanne he was com to mans astate.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)15/10,12 : He [an old man] schal fele him silf of þe statt and þe strenkþe of xl ȝeer; and he schal haue greet ioie þat he is come to þe statt of ȝongþe.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)225 : He ssel him loki chastiche ase longe ase he is ine þe stat of wodewehod.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1283 : A wedded man in his estat Lyueth a lyf blisful.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2982 : I [Abimalech] haf halden clene hir [Sarah's] stat.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1133 : Uncle deere, To myn estat have more reward, I preye, Than to his lust!
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)82/13 : Gilbert norchid þis astate [i.e. virginity].
- a1500(?c1400) Wycl.5 QLove (NC 95)184 : State of virgyns, and state of wedloke, and þe state of widewis.
5.
(a) One of a series of related or successive stages or phases; (b) a period or phase of man's existence, divided with reference to the Fall of Man and the Coming of Christ; e)stat of innocence, e)stat of deviation (misgoing), e)stat of reconciliation (grace and merci); (c) a period or stage of life, as divided into life before and after death.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)701 : Þe eyr was euere in o stat, naþur to hot ne to cold.
- ?c1335(a1300) Cokaygne (Hrl 913)120 : Þe cristal turniþ in to glasse, In state þat hit raþer wasse.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)28 : Þen corn heþ þri stas, uor hit is uerst ase ine gerse, afterward ine yere, efterward is uol of frut.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Job 14.2 : A man born of a womman..fleth as shadewe, and neuere in the same state abit stille.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)217b/b : It [cipresse] may not roty; it faileþ neuere but abideþ and dureþ alway in þe firste state.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)125 : Forgeten hadde the erthe his pore estat Of wynter, that hym naked made and mat.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)2397 : Thou shalt no whyle be in o stat, But whylom cold and whilom hat.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.31 : Take hede of tweie states, oon from þe bygynnynge of þe world to Criste, and is i-cleped þe staat of mysgoynge [Higd.(2): the state of deuiacion]; the secounde staat from Criste to þe worldes end, and is i-cleped þe state of grace and of mercy [Higd.(2): the state of reconsiliacion].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.681-4 : The estaat of man is in thre maneres. Outher it is thestaat of innocence..Another estaat is the estaat of synful men..Another estaat is thestaat of grace.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.883 : God made mariage in Paradys in the estaat of innocence.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.30 : Mankynde felle fro þe staat of innocence for Adams synne and Eve.
c
- c1390 Psalt.Mariae(1) (Vrn)958 : Beo we translated in to blis Of wel better state.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.132 : Now Crist is sittynge in hevene, for his staat here in erþe is fulli performed.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)7/9,10 : Peter was ordeyned Cristes vicarie, for þe state of his manhed & nouȝt for þe state of his blisse & maieste.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)5736 : God also my state so longe..Tyl yt be doon.
6.
A particular condition or phase: (a) the state of being conscious; bringen in stat, to restore to consciousness, bring to; (b) of heavenly bodies: the phase of full illumination; (c) of disease: the crisis.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)85 : Þo hire stat was a-ȝein i-come, þe knaue hire op nam.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)331/289-91 : He lai al cold with-oute breþe ase þei he no lyf nadde; his [sones]..bleowen on him, ȝif huy him miȝten in stat bringue..Þo is stat him was i-come, he axede a-non-riȝt þere.
b
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)369/100 : Ane douȝter þat was lunatyke..Þe devel..made hire witles euerech monthþe ase hit feol in þe stat of þe mone.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1551 : In sua lang time..þe planetes all ar went again O þair first making in to þe state.
c
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)210/18 : In þe stat of þe enpostym.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)22b/a : Apostemez haþ 4 tymez: Bigynnyng, Augmentyng, State, & declinacioun.
7.
haven stat, to be in existence; to occur.
Associated quotations
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.9.8 : Not ȝit the wei of seyntis for to be openyd, ȝit the former tabernacle hauynge state [WB(2): hadde state; a1425 Paul.Epist.: hauande ȝit þe staat].
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)12.599 : As ffeueryeer forth goth Nouember mone: On xxvij feet eerly and late, And next to hem xvj vprenneth sone. Xiij is thridde, and firthe in x hath state.
8.
Astrol. Of heavenly bodies: aspect.
Associated quotations
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1969 : In swich estat The heuene stood.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6253 : Ȝif sche haue counfort of aspectis glade Of planetis stondyng in good state.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)86/13 : Þanne ys þe mone yn clen staat.
II.
Social, political or religious status; rank, high rank, sovereignty.
9.
Social or religious status or standing: (a) with reference to the acceptance or observance of Christianity (in general or through some special religious exercise or regimen); stat of cristendom, the state of being a Christian; (b) with reference to being in monastic orders; stat of religioun, the status or position of a member of a monastic order; also, the form of life adhered to within monastic orders; (c) with reference to being in or out of clerical orders; e)stat of prest (presthode), ~ of clerkes; lai e)stat, e)stat of a lewid man, secular e)stat, the condition or status of being a layman; (d) with reference to wealth: financial condition or status; (e) breken, tinen stroien stat, reduce, spend, or waste one's possessions; saven e)stat, preserve or safeguard one's possessions or standing.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)69/54 : [St.Alban] þonkede god þat he moste þare for is loue To þe stat of cristindom..come.
- c1390 Hilton ML (Vrn)269 : Þis medled lyf schewed vr lord in him-self to ensaumple of hem þat han take þe staat & þe charge of þis medled lyf.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.382 : He tauȝte to his Chirche which is þe beste stat here.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)79/11 : O þe holy state of religiose seruage, þat makiþ man even to aungels.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)238 : Huo þet him [Christ] deþ spousy..wel to loki hare chastete and uor hare stat þet is stat of holy perfeccion, þet þe more þet þet stat is holy, be zuo moche is þe zenne þe more and þe more uoul.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)213 : Ihesus he forsoke..And þe state of relygyoun, And chese hys Dampnacyun.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)418 : Þey deuysid obedience to oon special man..wiþoute whos fulfilling þe state of religioun myȝte not contynue.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)324 : Þe Abite of Monek he nam..ase to is stat bi-cam.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.391 : [Pope] Formosus..was degraded anon to þe staat of a lewed man.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.202 : Thei ne scholden noght befole Her wit upon none erthly werkes, Which were ayein thestat of clerkes.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1322 : I speke of folk in seculer estat.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1679 : Ȝyf..þou art yn stat of prest, Or yn two ordrys alþer nest, Suddekene, or dekene hy, þys lettyþ weddyng & dede fleshly.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)402/18 : Pope Iohn..degradid hym agayn vnto þe lay astate.
- c1450 3 KCol.(2) (Add 31042)575 : Als mekill als in dignytee..es more in worthynesse The estate of prestehode þan [of regalee].
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)373 : None of þe clergye, þe whiche is ybonden by his astate & office to sue criste in þe perfeccion of þe gospelle, schulde eny siche lorde be.
d
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.20 : If eny brother or sister falle in pouert..his state shal bene holpen of euery brother.
- c1410(1399) Will Folkyngham in Yks.Wr.2 (UC 97)449 : Nouȝt amenysynge gretely here lyflode ne here poure stat.
- a1400 Prov.Wisd.(Bod 9)66 : Spend after þin astate.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)5/39 : After þat þe state of þe pacient askeþ, aske he boldly more or lesse.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)227/82 : Loke þou make comparison Vn-to all degrees dayly þat passe þin astat.
e
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)51/24 : That the bretheren helpe hym, eche man with a porcion..in wey of charite sauynge his estaat.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3949 : Symkyn wolde no wyf..But she were wel ynorisshed and a mayde, To sauen his estaat of yemanrye.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)26326 : He þat him-self has tint his state, He ne mai till oþer it translate.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28418 : I haue my state Broken.
- (1423) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)267 : So þat my worship and myn astate be saved.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)146 : He..Þat to hys neghburs dose no noy..þare staite to stroy.
10a.
A person's position in society, one's station; rank or degree in the social, political, or ecclesiastical hierarchy; social class.
Associated quotations
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)55a : Þet is riht religiun, þet euch eftere his stat borhi eð tis frakele world se lutel se ha least mei.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.171 : Some gooþ a boute to alle manere staate and beeþ in noon astaat [vr. no stat; L in nullo genere].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.453 : He usede more lawhynge and playenge þan it semede his staate [L gradum] and his age.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)16a/b : Þis ordur techith men of lowe staat to do reuerens to hem þat be bettir, gretter, and in hiere astaate of dignite.
- (1399) RParl.3.452a : Retenue..that covenablych longes to her astates.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3330 : Euery man may Aftyr hys astate make hym gay.
- (1411) Let.Bk.in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)93 : No manere man ne child, of what estate or condicion that he be.
- (a1422) *Anc.Pet.(PRO)117.5842 : To mayntene and sustene þe estayte of Erledome wirchipfully and honourably.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)155/35 : All the lordes of the Emperoures lynage, ech after other as þei ben of estate.
- (1432) Paston2.35 : Thoo that be aboute the Kinges persone, of what estate or condicion that thei be.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11202 : Þe legat; And oþer bischopes of mener stat.
- (1450) RParl.5.211b : Any persone under state of Lorde.
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)305 : First sat the god of Love, and syth his quene..And sithen al the remenaunt by and by, As they were of estaat.
- ?c1450(?a1400) Wycl.Clergy HP (Lamb 551)362 : Þe state of seculer lordis, fro þe hiȝest knyȝte, þat is..þe emperoure, to þe lowest sqwyer.
- (1455) Lin.DDoc.73/20 : A Chapell..conuenient for oure astatez that god hathe called vs to.
- (1455) RParl.5.329b : Thoo that we have erect into the state of Baron.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)1091-2 : Þe lady of blod royalle [married to a knight] shalle kepe þe state þat she afore in stode; the lady of lowe blode & degre [married to royal blood] kepe her lordis estate.
10b.
Office, esp. public or ecclesiastical office; also, term of office; e)stat of office.
Associated quotations
- (1384) Appeal Usk in Bk.Lond.E.25/81 : He sholde haue ther-by ben i-jugged of al maner of estat of office in the town for euer.
- (1386) RParl.FM (C&D)37/107 : Whil vittaillers bi suffraunce presumen thilke states vpon hem.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2992 : The Papacie Thei wolde honoure..Bot [not] thilke Pride temporal of Boneface in his persone..And thus the man and noght the stat The Frensche schopen be her miht To grieve.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2018 : Durynge his estat.
- ?a1450(?c1400) Wycl.LFCatech.(Lamb 408)p.37 : Men in gret statys, be þey spiritual, be þey temperal, þat gouerne not þese statys aftyr þe lawe of god..in as moche as þey take þese offycys, or statys, in þat þey be þe mynystris of god to do ryȝtwisnesse.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)63/28 : In the VIII ȝere of his regne was Clement mad Pope of Rome; whech astat he kept IX ȝere.
10c.
holden stat through (a person), derive the title to one's rank, office, etc., from (a superior), hold one's rank from (someone); benimen, reven stat, deprive (a person) of his rank, office, position; putten out of stat; bringen to stat, bring (a person) to his former position or rank; recoveren stat, regain one's former rank or position; holden, haven e)stat, be of (a certain) rank, hold (one's rightful) rank, behave or be treated according to (one's) rank.
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)920 : [The King] wole..bi-nime þe [Beket] þi stat and perantur bringue þe out of londe.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1261 : Ich bidde þat ich mowe mi stat holde þoru þe.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3359 : He wende that god..Ne myghte hym nat bireue of his estat.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.165 : Þat Tarquinius schulde be brouȝt to his state and in to þe citee aȝen.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.35 : No man schulde be degraded, noþer i-putte out of his staat and of his degree.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1998 : If that he [Orestes] wolde His stat recovere.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.958 : My wille is..that euery wight in his degree Haue his estat in sittyng and seruyse And heigh plesance.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9219 : Þe Iuues now er put o state, And þair kingrik translate.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10042 : Þar buxumnes mai hald hir stat.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)490 : Of countes, damysel..Wer fayr in heuen to halde asstate.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.73 : Þe archbisshop Stigand..was suspended, þe pape reft him þe state.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)89/21 : This is good ensaumple..not to be disguysed, but to holde the astate of good ladies of her contre.
10d.
Rank or position in the universal Church, as that of apostle, prophet, martyr, etc.
Associated quotations
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)43b : Priuilegie of preachur, merite of martirdom, meidenes mede..iuhan in anlich stude..þeose þreo estaz ofearnede him ane.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20928 : [Paul] com to apostil state.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)57 : Prestis ordeyned of god comen oþer in staat of apostlis or disciplis of crist.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)445 : If þou were in state of a prophete.
- a1500 Mirror Salv.(Beeleigh)p.39 : Marie superexcellis of all seints, the state Of patriarkes and Prophetes and Posteles Dignitee, Of martirs and confessoures and virgines in Degree.
10e.
Rank or position in the theological hierarchy of created beings.
Associated quotations
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4142 : Lucyfer had fyrst enuye, Þat man was made to state so hye.
- a1475 Gaude of uirgins (Hnt HM 142)46 : O virgo piisima, Aboue alle creatures for to bee, In sight, astate and dignite.
11a.
Relative condition, position, or rank; gret, high e)state; pover, lou ~.
Associated quotations
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.522 : Of heigh or lowe estat.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.3965 : Whan a man hath been in poure estaat.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.3521 : A Maide of lou astat.
- (1399) RParl.3.452b : Of hegh Astates that her Lordes ware in.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3932 : Ȝyf þou forþenke a mannys prowe, Þat he haþ hegher state þan þow Yn any manere of dygnyte.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.42 : Many men in greet astaate and in ryches of þis worlde.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)9/34 : Men seez ofte tymes men þat ere in heghe astate com to lawe dgree.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)271 : In poure astate and in low degree.
11b.
High rank or office, exalted position; man of e)stat, lord of ~, ladi of ~; man of ani e)stat, man of any consequence in rank or wealth; beren (gret) e)stat, holden ~, hold high office or be of high rank; bringen in (gret) stat, bring to a position of importance, put in high position; comen to e)stat, attain honor or high position.
Associated quotations
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8917 : He broȝte in gret stat þe toun [Bristol].
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.420 : A man y was of state.. & holden a lord of gret mounde.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.258 : Sir Hugh was man of state.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.7825 : Worþi knyȝtes and lordis of estate.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)883 : Emperour, kyng, duke, ne caysere, Ne other þat bers grete state here.
- a1450(1400) Eche man be war (Dgb 102)1 : Eche man be war that bereth a state, Of counseil of double entendement, Of tyrauntrye.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)p.265 : Whose wol conne thys craft and com to astate.
- a1450 Who þat wole knowe (Dgb 102)34 : Vaynglory in staat is brouȝt.
- (1432) Paston2.37 : Suche persones as for nieghnesse of blood, and for their estate, owe of reson to be suffred to speke with the King.
- c1432 Bishop Notes in PMLA 49 (Cmb Dd.14.2)459 : Þei been notte I covnted men of eny astaate.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)9796 : Wyth clothys of gold As of ladyis of astate yt ys þe guyse.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)2214 : Þe Priores als principall Es lady & leder of þam all..for hir staite & cristes luf.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.31.76b : Men af heigh power be called men of astate.
- c1450(c1370) Chaucer Pity (Benson-Robinson)41 : Aboute hir [Pity's] herse there stoden..Wisdom, Estaat, Drede, and Governaunce.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)251 : In presens of þe pepull..And mony stythe of astate stonding aboute.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)1413 : Byschope or prest, or mon of state.
11c.
in hol e)stat, in full power or authority; in e)stat abated, in diminished or limited power or authority.
Associated quotations
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.5.52 : The real power of kynges, in hool estat and in estaat abated.
- a1450(?1418) The herrere degre (Dgb 102)10 : Kepe þe crowne hool in stat.
11d.
kinges e)stat, e)stat roial, royal rank or authority, sovereignty; stat of sovereignte, sovereignty.
Associated quotations
- (1386) RParl.FM (C&D)35/44 : [The Mayor of London] represented the kynges estat.
- (1399) RParl.3.424a : Cessed of the State of Kyng, and of Lordesship, and of all the Dignite and Wirshipp that longed therto.
- (1399) RParl.3.452a : It longes to his real Estate.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.120 : He hath resygned..Estate royal and also diademe.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)383 : Wha blemis Kinges astate es wele worth forto dy.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.432 : Myn estat roial I [Troilus] here resigne Into hire [Criseyde's] hond.
- ?c1425 Hoccl.RP (Roy 17.D.6)2 : Fortunes stroke doune threste estate roialle Into myschief.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.31 : To wise men a nedful cause is this For to desire estate of souereynte.
- a1500(1426) Lydg.Hen.VI TP (Hrl 7333)202 : Notwithstonding his astate riall.
- a1500 Lydg.MRose (Jes-C 56)p.25 : Where is Pirrus, that was lord and sire Of Ynd, in his estate royall?
12.
The office or authority of a sovereign, sovereignty; haven e)stat, have dominion over, have the rule of (a country); beren stat in, have supremacy of (the sea).
Associated quotations
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.83 : Kyng Steuen..þat withouten reson Of þis land had þe state & conquered þe coroun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.159 : How I þe-stat..Wolde..never occupie By oþer title þan fre elleccioun.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)601 : Yf men were wyse, the Frenshemen and Flemmynge Shulde bere no state in the see by werrynge.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.31 : Lest wykked folk..Resceyue estate and harme a comynalte.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)6548 : Heroud was wrothe with Pilate, to purchace in his lond maistri, aȝaynes his wille to hawe astate.
III.
A class, or a member of a class; a person of high rank.
13.
A class of persons, esp. a social or political class or group; also, a member of a particular class or rank.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.2990 : Ther ys no staat in his degree That noughte to desire pes.
- ?c1430(c1383) Wycl.Leaven Pharisees (Corp-C 296)25 : Generaly ypocrisie regneþ among alle statis of cristen men.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.1865 : Tauoid discord..Atween the comouns & statis honourable.
- (1444) RParl.5.113b : The which [large Navy] was in tho dayes gret plesur to all estatez and degreez.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)9790 : She nold ben among þe statys hy, But among þe wummen of porest degre.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)3616 : Kyng, kayser, knyt, & kampyoun, Pope, patriark, prest & prelat..lytyl & mekyl, þe more & þe les, all þe statis of þe werld, is at myn [God's] renoun.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)404 : The statis þat wer a-bove had of þe feyrest endreyte.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)158/18 : Whan..sir Gawayne was departed frome the courte, there was made grete sorowe amonge all the astatis.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)13758 : Emperours..kynges, dukys..grete bysshopys..And many other grete estatys.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)306/17 : Wote ye not that I am pilate..I am he, that great state.
14a.
One of the major classes constituting the body politic and as such participating in the government; also, a member of such a class, a peer of the realm; the thre e)states, the e)states of the reaum, the e)states of the parlement, the e)states of this land, the three estates, i.e. the clergy, the nobility, and the commons; e)stat temporal, e)stat spiritual; e)stat of the (kinges) hous, a peer who is a member of the royal household.
Associated quotations
- (1399) RParl.3.424a : Ther was a Parlement somond of all the States of the Reaume for to be at Westmynstre.
- (1399) RParl.3.451b : Byfore the Kyng and all the States in this present Parlement.
- (1427) RParl.4.326b : With oute yassent of ye thre Estates.
- a1450(?c1430) Lydg.DM(1) (Hnt EL 26.A.13)60 : O ȝe [the Pope] that ben sette moste hye In dygnite Of al estatis in erthe spiritual And liche as Petur had the souerente Ouer the churche and states temporal.
- (1432) Paston2.36 : Alle th'estates, officers, and servantz of the Kinges hous.
- (1432) Paston2.37 : Other Lords of the Counsail..that is to say, the Chanceller and Tresorer, and of everych estate in the Counsail, spirituell and temporell.
- (1433) RParl.4.432a : Yestate and necessitee of the Kyng..and of the Reaume, have ben notified to the Thre Astates of the Land assemblid in Parlementes.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)8 : I arrest you yn the name of all the thre astates of your reume, here now assemblid yn this present parliament.
- (1472) Grant Arms in Antiq.49289 : Withoute eny preiudice or rebuke of eny estate or gentill of this Reame.
- (1475) RParl.6.138a : Margaret Viscountes Lisle, his wyf, which is a grete estate of yis your Reame, hath by the same Acte lost her Dower.
14b.
Any of the three (or four) estates constituting the medieval church, spoken of sometimes as classes of persons, sometimes as forms of living or status.
Associated quotations
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)p.33-35 : Þis is þe lowest astaat þat we clepen comunes..[Knyȝthod] is clepid þe secounde astate in hooli chirche..Þe hiȝe ordir of presthood..þis astate representiþ þe secounde persoone in trinite..Vpon þise þre astatis standiþ þe chirche.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)197/38 : God hatis..A harde prest, a proud frere, An hold mon lechoure, a couard knyȝt..Here be al þe foure astatis, In hole cherche God haþ ordent.
- a1500(?c1400) Wycl.5 QLove (NC 95)184 : It is knowun bi Goddis lawe, þat þer ben in þe Chirche þre statis þat God haþe ordeyned: state of prestis, and state of knyȝtis, and þe þridd is staat of comunys.
15a.
Any person of high rank or official status; also, a local official or dignitary; estat of degre, a person of high rank or degree.
Associated quotations
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.393 : For tassemble estates of degre Of al his rewme with-In þe chefe cite.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)426/22 : Dukis and othere statis.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)32 : Þe states and þere puple.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)51/36 : Seldom wold he write..to lordes or astates with-outen grete informacion of treuth.
- c1453(c1437) Brut-1436 (Hrl 53)553/14 : Þer were in þe toune viijc men of werre, without lordes and states.
- (1456) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2 p.56 : The Kyng, Quene, and other lordes and ladyes, knyghtz, And other estates.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)19 : The Pardonere be-held the besynes, howe statis wer I-servid.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)670/30 : He comaunded that all statis and mynystres..shold maynteyne, kepe, and defende the same Abbesse and mynchons.
- a1500 Lydg.LOL (Adv 19.3.1)114 : Or for asstates was ther any hall Save a dongon and an ox stall.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)3 : When þe Meyre and þe statys sawe þis doyng, þey made þe wif to be slayne.
- a1509(?1468) Marriage in Archaeol.31 (Add 46354)331 : At the towne of Brigges, thastats of the towne presentid hir the wyne and the waxe, in honneur and soveraignte.
15b.
A title of honor used in addressing a person of high rank or office.
Associated quotations
- (a1440) Let.Coventry in EHR 55645 : To the Worshipfull Maystur & bretheron..iff hit lyke to ȝour worshipfull astates [etc.].
- (c1447) Let.Oxf.in OHS 35259 : We recommend us humbly to yowr ryght wyrschipful estat [the Marquess of Suffolk].
IV.
Splendor, ceremonial pomp.
16a.
The splendor of array, retinue, ceremony, etc., appropriate to high rank or office; the formal pomp appropriate to occasions of state; in estat, in a manner appropriate to high rank on occasions of state.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.723 : He..sih the lordes in astat.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.26 : He..kepte alwey so wel roial estat.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)144/20 : Wee hadden gret lust to see his noblesse & the estat of his court.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1036 : This fresshe lady..Stod in the temple in hire estat real.
- (1447-8) Shillingford37 : [The Lord Chancellor] stondyng yn his astate ayenst the fire a grete whiles.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)389 : The kyng was sette and serued in the hall..In grete astate amongs the lordes all.
16b.
Retinue, attendants.
Associated quotations
- (1454) Proc.Privy C.6.233 : cxx persones for the Queenes astate.
- c1500 Melusine (Roy 18.B.2)50/5 : Honourably might a kinge with alle his estate haue be receyued therat.
- a1509(?1468) Marriage in Archaeol.31 (Add 46354)336 : The Duke and the Duches, wt astattis of Lordes and Ladies, came into the hall.
17.
(a) kepen estat, observe full formality of ceremony, hold court; (b) holden stat of, observe (a holy day).
Associated quotations
a
- 1790(1471-1472) Ordin.Househ.Edw.IV(2) (Topham)38 : If the Kinge kepe estate in his chambyr, these usshers make the estate in the surnape, like as the marchall doth in the hall.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)27 : To the parlyament, Where Pluto sate and kept hys estate.
- a1509(?1468) Marriage in Archaeol.31 (Add 46354)335 : The Duke kept his astate in a gowne richly besene of goldsmethes work.
- a1600(1472) Rec.Bluemantle (Jul C.6)379 : The King..was crowned at Westmester..Hee kepte his estate in the Whyt hall the same day.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13584 : O godd him semes ha na perti þat haldes of hali-dai na stat.
18.
(a) of estat, reserved for persons of high rank, esp. on state occasions; bed of estat, cap of ~, chamber of ~, chair of ~, cloth of ~, hat of ~, robe of ~, sadel of ~; (b) a seat or chair of state, a throne; a canopied seat at a state banquet; (c) a ceremonial fold in the table cloth or napkin at either side of the place of honor; maken (laien) estat; (d) the place of honor at table; also, the person occupying the place of honor at table.
Associated quotations
a
- (1441) Visit.Alnwick2.8 : That ye [sisters] use no lases..ne cappes of astate obowe your vayles.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1432 : Thorgh his paleys to chambres of estat.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)68/24 : She [Sidone] come to the chaumbre of astate among hir ladys and gentylwommen.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)114.131 (v.2:p.198) : She sette hir doun vpon the bedde of astate and al tho which stoden abouten hir worshippid hir.
- (1464-5) Doc.in HMC Rep.9 App.1141 : A cloth-of-estate [for the King's Hall].
- (1485) Device Coron.Hen.VII5 : A spare coursar, lad in hand, trapped with a trappur of the kinges armes and sadlet with a saddell of estate couerid with cloth of gold, and all other saddels couerid with crymesyn velwet, except the Kinges owne saddell whiche is couerid in like cloth of gold to the saddell of estate.
- (1485) Device Coron.Hen.VII6 : Next before the mair of London, William Newton and Davy Philipp, sqwiers for the Kinges body, bering in bawderik-wise ij mantels furred, couered with ermyns , and ij hatts of estate of crymesyn cloth of gold, bek on bek, turned vppe by hynd, and furred also with ermyns, in representacion of the Kinges ij ducheries of Guyan and Normandy.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.94 : In a chiere of estate..There sawe I sitt the blynd god Cupide.
- a1509(?1468) Marriage in Archaeol.31 (Add 46354)333 : Over that table..Another clothe of astat royall, of richer clothe of golde..of the Ducke's coullers, of purple and blacke.
- a1525(?1457) Cov.Leet Bk.299 : The Erle of Stafford bere his Cap of astate.
- a1600(1472) Rec.Bluemantle (Jul C.6)383 : My prince in his robes of estate.
- a1600(1472) Rec.Bluemantle (Jul C.6)386 : The Kynge dyd to be impareled..ij chambres richeley hanged with clothes of Arras, and with Beddes of astate.
b
- c1450 Brut-1431(1) (Eg 650)445/14,18 : Fyrst, þe Quene Sate in hyr estate..The Kyng of Scotland in hys estate, vppon the left syde of þe Quene.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)11/349 : Pylat Is sett in sete as hy justyce. Whan he is set in his astat, thre thevys be brout.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306)57 : The quene sate in hir estate..and the Kynge of Scottis sate in his estate upon þe lyfte hand of the quene.
c
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)192 : Þann take þe iij clothe..ley estate with the vpper part, þe brede of half fote is greable.
- a1500 Rule Serve Ld.(Add 37969)14/1 : When þe surnape is leyde and þe esstate is made afore þe lorde.
d
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)253 : Whan þe state hath wasche..þen must ye bere forþe þe surnape before youre souerayne.
- a1509(?1468) Marriage in Archaeol.31 (Add 46354)337 : Uppon the hight table, afore th'astate, was made a goodly towre.
V.
Legal right to property; possession; property.
19a.
Legal right or title to property; maken e)stat of (property) to (someone), give (someone) legal right or title (to property); maken e)stat ayayn of (property) to (someone), ?grant a reversionary title; haven e)stat in, of (property).
Associated quotations
- (1393) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.3256 : We hadde neuyr non astat, riht, ne possession in the forsaid londis att no tyme.
- (1408) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.1373 : That they..make an estate of all my londes and tenementis..to the Abbot.
- (1424) EEWills60/9 : My said ioint feffes make her astate, for terme of hir lif, of þe same too lordshipes.
- (1429) RParl.4.344a : That neyther be occasion..of yeft or purchace, any of the seide Lordes shal..receyve or take any astate, feffement, or possession of kindys, possessions, or other godes.
- (1430) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.86 : To attorn and surrende all here estate in the saide landis and tenementis.
- (1432) RParl.4.396b : Hir state, the which she hath in the forsaide Maner.
- (c1432) Contract in OSSLH 4190 : That thei ther of myghte make estat a geyn to the seid Robert.
- (1433) Will York in Sur.Soc.3041 : Yat ye saide Norman of Babyngton make a stete to John of Willughby.
- (1438) Will Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.4327 : The seyd Myles schall make and graunt a suer astate as law may devyse on to Bryan Stapylton..of an anuyte of xx lib yerly.
- (1439) RParl.5.9a : Londes, Tenementz and Possessions, yat the seide Feffes have made estat or relesse of.
- (a1445) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xxxvi : He seyd her state was noughtys; For the right heyr was at Calyse.
- (1455) RParl.5.306a : Eny Advousons or Patronages in which eny persone or persones..have enfeoffed us, or yerof made eny Graunte or state unto us.
- (1459) Will Wells in Nrf.Archaeol.2232 : Sir John Fastolff..did make a state and feffement and liuery of the seisin of the maner of Castre.
- (1465) Will Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.4333 : She hath a pleyn estaat in the same.
19b.
With various qualifying words and phrases: (a) e)stat making, e)stat ayain giving; (b) e)stat of enheritaunce, title to inheritance, right of inheritance; (c) e)stat in fee, a heritable estate in land subject to feudal obligations; (d) estat in fee simple, an estate belonging to the owner and his heirs forever without limitation to any particular class of heirs; (e) e)stat in (fee) taille, an e)stat in fee entailled or limited to some particular class of heirs; (f) estat (for) terme of lif, an estate which terminates with the life of the holder, a life interest or estate; (g) men e)stat =?mesne estate, a title to property held indirectly.
Associated quotations
a
- (1414-5) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.120/26 : Than shall John paie to Thomas atte the state makyng xij li sterlings.
- (1425) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.11 : With-owt any stat Ȝevyng aȝen to þe same john Eleyne..þe for-seyd Emayne sold hyt to on john mallore, squyere, and hym ȝaf lawful stat.
- (1487) RParl.6.394a : By meane of any Feoffeement, State makyng or Relees.
b
- (1449) RParl.5.145b : In any manere estat of enheritaunce, either for terme of life, for terme of yeres, or otherwise.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.16b : Which the same late Erle had of estate of enheritaunce.
c
- (1426) Will in Bdf.HRS 246 : That he make a state in fee to iohn of Broughton for euermore.
- (1439) Papers Trevelyan in Camd.6720 : That my seyde feoffeis schulle graunte and make an estate to hym and to his heyris in fee of the reversion of the sayde maneris.
d
- (1427) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.71 : To have a soole astate in fee sympil or in fee taille.
- (1465) Will Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.4333 : A clear astate..in fe symple.
e
- (1447) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.40 : A state of the maner of ffroddeswall..in tayll to the forsayd Thomas.
- (1447) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.41 : Sampson schall make a state taill to the forsayd.
- (1455) Lin.DDoc.83/3 : The said astate tayled vtterly to be voyde.
- (1465) Will Norwich in Nrf.Archaeol.4334 : To the heyres of them lawfully begotyn, in state tayle.
f
- (1424) EEWills60/26 : My said wif..þer-vpon haue astate of my said too maners for terme of hir lif.
- (1429-30) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.80 : Yat ye saydys feffys mak a state of ye thirde part of ye landys..to Eustace, my wyffe, term of hir liffe.
- (1450) RParl.5.172b : Every persone havyng estate terme of lyfe in eny annuitee.
g
- (c1465) Cart.Tropenell in BGAS 23200 : These ben..all the pedegrees and mean estates in substance of all inheritours, purchasours and occupiers of the manor.
20.
Legal possession (of property).
Associated quotations
- (a1443) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.xxxvi : When Felice kame to yefe hym fulle state and have payement in honde.
- (1459) Will Wells in Nrf.Archaeol.2229 : Alle ye feffees..shalle make and deliuer a state of ye said maners, lands, and tenements.
- (1461) Paston (Gairdner)3.299 : I wold have the seyd dedis leyd in a box..that whan I com homwar I mygh fynd it ther, and mak seson and stat to be take whil I wer ther.
- (1463) Will Kent in Archaeol.Cant.11378 : He for to deliuer state whan the executouris requirithe hym.
21.
Property; esp. inherited property, possessions, fortune.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)3483 : Now haþ Beues al is stat.
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)42/49 : Þat he ne schal nouȝt..be vndon of his astat or he be holpe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.821 : Myn owene trewe wyf..Keep thyn honour and keep eek myn estaat.
- (1423-4) Let.Bk.in Bk.Lond.E.(Gldh LetBk I & K)105/9 : Þylke tenement..which William Cauntbrigge, that hath alle his [herry Julyon's] estate, nowe dwelleth ynne.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)3368 : Grete altercacioun & debate bitwene hym & his sones two raiset was for his astate. Ffor outhir of hom his air wold be.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)38/16 : Thy moebles and thyn estate arn voyded.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1500(?a1425) Boeth.Bk.Comfort (BodAuct F.3.5)227/23 : Thus kyngis and lordes to magnefie thare astate apropirs to hem in here stile dyuers names.
Note: Additional quot., sense 11a.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: The quots. containing forms beginning with s- need to be removed from estāt n. and placed in stāt n., if they are needed there for form, date, or meaning. (Some of the senses in either or both words may need revision if additions and / or subtractions are made. The etymon for each entry may need revision as well.)--per MLL
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. estate.