Middle English Dictionary Entry
wīpen v.
Entry Info
Forms | wīpen v. Also wipe, wipi, wip(pe, (early) vipe, (16th cent.) whipe & (error) we; p. wiped(e, wipud, wippet, wipt(e, weput, wept(e, whipid, (N) weped, (WM) wupte; pl. wipeden, wipten; ppl. wiped(e, etc. & iwiped, iwipet, wipt(e, whiped & (?error) wyp. |
Etymology | OE wīpian |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To remove dirt, clean; also fig.; also, dry one’s hands [quot. c1400]; ~ on hondes, of towels: ?rub over hands; ?rub hands on; ppl. wipinge as adj.: ?who or which cleans;
(b) ~ awei, to wear away; disappear.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)106/26 : Þe gost of wysdom…wypeþ and clenseþ ase deþ þet uer [þet] clenzeþ and fineþ þet gold.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)422/32 : This euel schal be cured wiþ…bathes þat…clensiþ and wipiþ.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)434/24 : Buttre by his fatnes stoppiþ and dissolueþ, and wastiþ by hete, and clensiþ and wipiþ by clennesse and moistture.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)16.38 : Þei wisshen and wipeden [vr. wipten] and wenten and setten.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)104a/a : In þe hynder partie for to drawe strongli þe arme & smyte bacward þe cubit, þe handes anoynted with oile, gretely abstersyng or wipyng, Rogerinus putteþ a maner of a talone.
- (1432) Rec.St.Mary at Hill27 : iij feriall towayles to wype on handes.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)140b : Wypynge: tergosus, -a, -um.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8952 : If þat ani vertu be Of halines wit-in þat tre, Wit sinful mens fett…On ganging it sal wipe a-wai.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)20/280 : Let no cursid counsel cast ȝou in care, Fore al þe worchyp of þis word hit wyl wype sone away.
2.
(a) To wipe (sth., a part of the body, a horse) in order to clean or dry it; also fig.;—also without obj. [quot. c1384]; also, polish (a stone, armor); fig. cleanse (a soul or oneself of sin);
(b) to cleanse (a wound or wounded part of the body), deterge; also fig. [quot. a1460]; also, deterge (an ocular blemish with an ophthalmic powder) [quot. ?a1425 *Chauliac(1)];
(c) to wipe (sth. on sth.) in order to cleanse and/or dry it.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)125/10 : Wassce and wipe wol clane ða eiȝene, for ðan soð is ðat hie ðe siggen.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)193/4 : Þe cokes cneaue þe wescheð & wipeð disches i cuchene.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11123 : Heo wipeden hors leoue mid linnene claðe.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)9 : Ȝeo wypede him suþþe wiþ hure her.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)161/21,22 : Ase þe norice conforteþ þet child þet wepþ, uor hi wypeþ þe eȝen…alsuo ssel do oure lhord…Vor he wyle zuo wypi hare eȝen þet neueremo ne ssolle wepe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 7.44 : This womman hath moistid my feet with teeris and hath wypt with hir heeris.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.133 : Hir ouer lippe wyped she so clene That in hir coppe ther was no ferthyng sene Of grece.
- c1390 NHom.Magd.(Vrn(2))45 : Heo wept hem aftur wiþ hire hare.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)5.195 : Alle þat herde þe horn heolden heore neose after, And weschte þat hit weore I-wipet with a wesp of Firsen.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)877/36 : If þou wypest þis stoon, þou derkest him.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15300 : Wit his tueil efterward þair fete he weped [Trin-C: wipud] clene.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17683 : Quen he wipped had mi face, He blisced me all wit his grace.
- a1400 Þo oure lord god (Mrg M 957)p.320 : Whan þey willeþ to gonge gon and forage hem faille, hy mowet myd þe tippe here ers wypy wel.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2022 : He…bede hym bryng hym his bruny…He hade vpon vche pece, Wypped ful wel & wlonk.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.2.25 : I will wipe a litil his eien that ben dirked by the cloude of mortel thynges.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)7333 : His swerd wipt he thoo.
- a1450 Hilton Epistle CF (Add 33971)310/93 : Whyle sho washe his fete…hyr-self was washen and wyped fro all synne.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)103/260 : Þe mangew wol gendre…if he be whiped with a wippis, curreyed with a combe þat a schabbed hors haþ be curreyd with.
- ?a1475 LDirige(2) (Dc 322)211 : With wepyng haue I wypt My soule, lord, from dedly synne.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)339 : He þat schytyth wyth hys hoyll…But he wyppe hys ars clen…On hys breche yt xall be sen.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)p.117 : A schorte horse ys son wypyd.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)166/7 : Lette hym be wypte with clene lynen clothes.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)8310 : A blody sworde in honde he hade and hit ther wippet ther in his sight.
b
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8964 : Þis gode mold…wess þe meseles vet…& wipede [B vr. wepte] is nessce.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)131b/b : Afterward be it abstersed, i. wiped, wiþ þis puluer.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)148b/a : Wipe þe place and expresse it diligentlye with þi fyngers.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)1187 : With her hed to fighting are thei ripe Al esily, but he the swellinge wipe.
- c1500(1446) Morstede Surgery (Hrl 1736)118 : Turn owtward the Eye lyd and then thou sefte nede wype yt with aclene, dry, softe lynynge cloth.
c
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)35/606 : Horn gan his swerd gripe & on his arme wype.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6529 : His mouth upon the gras he wypeth.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)26/9 : Þa…sal…waisse þe tuailis þat tay sal wipe þaire hend opon and taire fete.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)123/3 : Þai wype þaire hend on þaire clathez.
3.
(a) To wipe off (dirt, sweat, etc.); dry (tears); also fig.; ~ awei (of, up);
(b) to remove (sth. from sth. else) [quot. ?a1425]; ~ awei, eliminate (an imperfection of the sight, a disease, etc.), eradicate; efface (a painted design, footprints); also, cause the loss of (winnings) [1st quot.]; of the sun: melt (frost);
(c) ~ awei (of), to remove the trace of (sins, ignominy, etc.); ~ oute of minde, remove (impure thoughts from the mind);
(d) wiped oute, erased.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225 Stond wel moder (StJ-C E.8)14 : Þu vipe [Dgb: wip] avei þi blodi teres.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)30/288 : Þe cunfessurs…schineð…& seoð godd in his wlite þet haueð alle teares iwipet of hare ehnen.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)69/1203 : He wipede þat blake of his swere.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.58 : Þai shullen wipen away alle teres from her eiȝen.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)3 Kings 20.41 : He anoon wipte awey þe poudre fro his face.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1187 : Haue here a clooth and wipe awey the wete.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)646/21 : Watir…wipeþ offe hore and filthe.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1173 : He gan tho teeris wypen of ful dreye.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)97/32 : To Ioy he is takyn &, teris as wer wyp [?read: wypt] away, in þe spryngis of endles & tru Ioy is myrthyd.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)184/33 : I wype a-wey synful spottes of my mynde.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)3658 : I can wipe al this ple cleen from yeur berd.
- a1500(a1400) Cleges (Adv 19.1.11)152 : He…whypyd away hys teris swyth.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)188/22 : He had a cloth…forto we [read: wepen] away þe terys.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3380 : Ses now of sorowe, sobur þi chere, Wond of þi weping, whipe vp þi teris.
b
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)286/296 : Al þat ich habbe i-wonne a-day…I-wyped it is al clene a-wey.
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)43 : Fals wes here foreward so forst is in may, þat sonne from þe southward wypeþ away.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)66/18 : A lioun vsiþ to wipe awey his fores with his owne taile.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)921/14 : Þe gomme þerof…wypeþ away dymnesse of yhen.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1086/5 : Vynegre…wypeþ and waischeþ away stenche of þe mouþe.
- a1425(c1400) 5 Wits (Hrl 2398)4/27 : As a table ys depeynted wiþ mamotrye ne may nouȝt receyue…non oþer fayr ymage bot þat fyrst peynture be wyped away.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)71b/b : It is necessarye…to nakne or bare…som partie of þe fracture þat we may wipe & wash þe ycorez fro þe myryng.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)61 : Tempere it with venegre and drinke it, and so salt þou wipe a-wey þe greuous noyous and diseases of wymmen floureȝ.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)164 : A plastre of celydoine leuys grounden with wyn wole…destroye and wype a-wey þe spottes and þe frekles.
c
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)8.131 : Whanne þe mescheef of his takynge was i-wyped of, he was neweliche i-crowned.
- (1395) Wycl.37 Concl.(Tit D.1)137 : He that hath not…wipt awei his synnis…owith to be seid more an vnchast dogge than a bisshop.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)66/16 : What was raþer iknowe is iwipid out of mynde whanne clerenes þat is desired is opunliche iknowe to þe soules þat desireþ.
- c1400 Aelred Inst.(1) (Vrn)54/1179 : Vertues comyngge in after vices wipeþ awey þe vilanows schame of oold vnclene conuersacioun.
- c1410 St.Anselm Medit.(UC 97)445 : Suffre not my wykkednesse to leese þat þin al-myȝty goodnesse hath maade…know þat þin is, and wipe it a-wey þat is ootheres.
- (?a1430) Hoccl.MG (Hnt HM 111)31 : O blessid lady, the cleer light of day!…Þat by prayere wypest cleene away The filthes of our synful wikkidnesse.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)277/2 : Ȝiff þou be Goddes child, þou shuldest speke þat God wipe avey þi trespase.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)2 : He…haþ not wipid a wey his defautis.
d
- c1450 Art Number.(Ashm 396)38/38 : This done, the seconde is to be halfede…If it be even, write in the place of þe nombres wipede out the halfe.
4.
(a) To rub (one’s eyes); also, rub (one’s eyes with blood); rub (someone’s forehead with a sacred document), draw across; stroke (someone’s face), caress; ppl. wipinge, of a serpent: ?licking (its cheeks with its tongue) [last quot., which may = whippen v.];
(b) in fig. phrases: ~ mouth, to wipe one’s mouth, protest one’s innocence; ~ nose, wipe someone’s nose, insult someone; ~ the stake,?take the pot at gambling.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)490 : He kisseþ Beniamin anon, his neb he gan wipe.
- c1390 Erliche in þe morwenyng (Vrn)66 : Longius, a Blynd kniht…wupte his Eiȝen wiþ his blod, Þorwh þat he hedde his siht.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)5.203 : Þanne wakide he of his wynkyng & wypide his eiȝen.
- a1450 St.Kath.(3) (Richardson 44)16 : Adrian loked vp and seyde ‘where see ȝe þat?’ ‘Yonder in þe Este,’ she sayde. And he wyped his eyen and beheld and sawe þe moost glorious mynstre þat euer man sawe.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)66/5 : He wipid his iȝen, and furthwith by the vertue of God hadde good sight & hole.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)265/5 : Then toke Iude þe lettyr þat Cryst send to þe kyng befor, and weput þe kyngys forhede þerwyth, and anon þe lepur fel from hym and he was hole as a fysche.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)213 : Beestis…to drynke the water wenten…with threfold tunges exerciseden and wipyng theyr chekis.
b
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)453 : They wolde…Wypen our nose with our owne sleve.
- c1450 Dice(1) (Frf 16)77 : Men love youre goode encresynge day be day Wel more than yow al for youre maners blake…Wipe nat youre mouthe, for yet made I no lye.
- c1450 Dice(1) (Frf 16)169 : With this raful ye wol wipe the stake, Abide and here what ye theron han wonne.
5.
In surname.
Associated quotations
- (1236) Close R.Hen.III259 : Willelmus Wipetail.