Middle English Dictionary Entry
wan adj.
Entry Info
Forms | wan adj. Also wan(n)e, won(ne, wō̆ne & (?error) whan, (error) when. |
Etymology | OE wann, won. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Of color: grayish, leaden; also, dark, black and blue (as a bruise); also, whitish gray; as noun: a whitish gray color [2nd quot., 3rd occurrence];
(b) lusterless, lacking brilliance, dim;
(c) without vivid coloration, indeterminately dark, grayish, etc. in appearance; also, of an ominous or a gloomy appearance, unwholesomely or unappealingly dark-hued.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1291/13,18-19 : Whan [vr. Wan; L liuidus] colour is ygendred of watry and eorþy parties that haueþ maystry, For such colour is engendred in þinges þat haueþ colde humour and þikke, as it fareþ in lede and in certeyn stones…Wan colour is tokne of maystry of colde, And þerfore wan colour in vryne is tokne of quenchinge of kynde hete and of deþ of þe beste.
- (a1398) Trev.Barth.(Add 27944:Seymour)1292/10-13 : It spedeth nought in þis work to rekene alle þe causes of wan colour, but oonliche make mencioun of þing þat oure souereynes treteþ atte fulle and most largeliche, And selde I haue mynde þat wan colour tokneþ good, but grene oþer blak torneþ into wanne by worchyng of kynde.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)124/4 : Tokenes and domes ben harde swellynge…of redenesses and of blakenesses, as is þe coloure of drastes, and many leches clepeþ it wan [Ch.(1): þe colour…liuid or bloo].
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1538 : Thei sey in theire doctryne How these ij colours, Rufe and citryne, Be meen colours bitwene white & redde And how that grene & colour woone as ledde Bitwene rede & blak be colours meen.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1825-8 : Wone or ledy colour engendride is Of watirly & erthy parties withowte mysse, And where such parties be colde & thyk, Evire wone coloure theron wille styk.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)25a/20 : If þe blode be gret in substaunce and kyndelyche and þat in qualite, it makythe A carbocle whose colour is wan and in touchyng is hard.
b
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)38/645 : Þah is betere a briht iacinct þen a charbucle won.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of ihu (Hrl 913)43 : Þe sterris…As fair and briȝte as þou seest ham…worþ becom as blak as cole And be of hiwe durke and wan.
- c1400 Daniel *Herbal (Arun 42)f.43r : In myddes of þe flour rysth vp an hed or ellys a gret bosse ful of rounde sedys set ful al abouten, furst grene & sethe ruf (wan red) [Barthomaeus Anglicus bk.17, cap.50: rufum; Trevisa (943/22): reed] whanne it bygynneþ to rypen.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.132 : Lucyna, of colour pale and wan, Hir coldyng arysyng in Octobre gan to dyȝt.
- a1500 Methodius(3) (Stw 953)283 : Þe fflode of watyr pale and wan wythe-drow & lond aperyd clere.
c
- c1330 Horn Child (Auch)11 : Fram Humber norþ þan walt he, Þat was in to þe wan see, In to his owhen hond.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2456 : Myn is the drenchyng in the see so wan.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)309b/b : Leede is white by kynde, þough it be wanne wiþoute.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)310a/a : Wanne vryne [L Liuida] tokeneþ dede membres and humour and many oþer eueles.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)141 : Þe wyndes on þe wonne water so wrastel to-geder Þat þe wawes ful wode waltered so hiȝe.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)492 : Wery to þe wane see þey went all att ones.
- c1450 Falm.Squire (Cmb Ff.2.38)p.104 : On a greene hylle he sawe a tree…Pale hyt was and wanne of blee, Loste hyt had bothe frute and flowre.
- c1475-c1500 Looke well (Skeat)43 : Though al the erth so wan Were parchemyn smothe, whyte, and scribable And…ech man a scriveyn able, They coud nat wryte wommannes traitory.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)303 : So dang he þat dog with dynt of his wappon Þat þe warlag was wete of his wan atter, And thurgh voidyng of venym with vomettes grete, Mony prouyns and perties were put out of helle.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4633 : The storme…walt vp the wilde se vppon wan hilles.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6000 : Mony chivalrous Achilles choppit to dethe; All his wedis were wete of þaire wan blode.
2.
(a) Rendered ashen by disease, discomfort, distress, etc., lacking ruddiness or healthy color, sickly looking; pale and ~;
(b) discolored or darkened by bruising, decay, etc., black and blue; ~ stroke (wound), a damaging injury, a bruise;
(c) ?unattractively dark-skinned, swarthy.
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1250 I-blessed beo þu (Eg 613)13 : Mine werkes, lauedi, heo makieþ me ful won.
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)128/544 : Min wlite is wan & min herte woc.
- a1350 Ichot a burde in boure (Hrl 2253)82 : For hire loue my blisse is bare, ant al ich waxe won.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)108 : Þi rode, þat was so red, Is al wan as þou were ded.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3828 : This man…aswowne lay bothe pale and wan.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.728 : Wher my colour was bothe fressh and reed, Now is it wan and of a leden hewe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)52a/a : Ȝif þe heete of þe herte failleþ, þe nailes waxen blacke & wanne [L pallescunt].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24471 : Þi face es wan as ros vnrede.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.419 : After al þis excessus…He slep saterday and sonday…Thenne awakyde he wel wan and wolde haue ydronke.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.235 : This sorwful man Upon his beddes syde adown hym sette, Ful lik a ded ymage, pale and wan.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)202/1900 : In tympanide…no pittynge eftyr þe fynger, no threst…face dede & when [?read: whan]; þe nek & þe uttir partyes small, dwynynge, & wenesynge scharp.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)prol.47 : Ther was a preest, of flessh he was ful wan, ffor grete labovr he had in his lyve.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)273 : Y was neuer pale ne wan, ffor sarsin ne for no man.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)4286 : Hys vysage was boþe pale and wanne For the blode that he had bledde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8034 : All wan was the weghe for his wete teres.
b
- c1330 Horn Child (Auch)76 : Sides þai made blo & wan, Þat er wer white so feþer on swan.
- 1372 Is wan of (Adv 18.7.21)p.36 : Apparet mihi quod facies Christi: Is wan of beting, Is foul of speting, Is grisli of bolning, An reuli of weping.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.53.5 : He forsoþe woundid is for oure wickenesses, defoulid is for oure hidous giltis…& with his wanne wounde [alt. from: wannesse] wee ben helid.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ex.21.25 : Iȝe for iȝe…a wan wounde for a wan wounde [vr. a wan wounde, that is, a bloo stroke, for a wan wounde; L livorem pro livore].
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)78a/b : The fleisch þat is brusid in þe wounde…schal wexen wan and blak.
- a1500(?c1450) Florence (Cmb Ff.2.38)1992 : He came thedur…Wyth woundys wanne and wete.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9653 : Þe grekis…Turnit to þere tenttes…All wery for wete, & for wan strokes.
c
- c1390 KTars (Vrn)279 : Þei tornede aȝeyn To þe soudan swart and wan.
3.
In conventional comparisons: ~ as (the) led, etc.; ~ as asshes, a complexion pale as ashes.
Associated quotations
- a1350 Iesu for þi muchele miht (Hrl 2253)13 : Mi soule is won so is þe led for mi fole werkes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)112b/a : By fables it is ifeined þat he [Saturn]…is pale in colour oþir wan as leed.
- c1475(c1420) Page SRouen (Eg 1995)p.43 : Moche of the folke…were but bonys and bare skyn…With wan color as the lede.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)10166 : Þis faire maide Chonged hir fressh colour rede Into pale or wanne as asshes dede.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)391/146 : Youre rud that was so red, youre lyre the lylly lyke, Then shall be wan as led, and stynke as dog in dyke.
- a1500 Orfeo (Hrl 3810)106 : Alas! þy rode, þat was so rede, Is as wanne as ony lede [Auch: al wan, as þou were ded].
4.
Fig. Of deeds: dark, evil; of sleep: ?unhealthily heavy, troubled; of tears: ?sorrowful, producing pallor; of ways: ?full of sorrow, woeful.
Associated quotations
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24091 : Þis harm mi hert it held sa hard To wander ne wist i quider-ward, Sa was mi waies wan [Frf: wane].
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)36/38 : Me for to were fro warkes wanne…þe teynd…Thow shalle it haue.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5870 : His wedis wex wete of his wan teris.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13832 : Than waknet the wegh of his wan slepe, Myche dut he his dreme, & dred hym þerfore.
5.
In surnames and possible place name [see Smith PNElem. 2.245].
Associated quotations
- (c1210) Chart.Cumbwell in Archaeol.Cant.6218 : Radulpho Wan.
- (1242) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.)386 : Wanford.
- (1297) Sub.R.Yks.in YASRS 16123 : Warnerus Wan.
- (1311) EPNSoc.9 (Dev.)386 : Wanforde.
- (1327) Sub.R.Sus.in Sus.RS 10204 : Petr. de Wannemere.
- (1347) Close R.Edw.III224 : Thomas Wanlok.
- (1443) Nickname in SAU 63199 : Will. Wanne.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 Trin-C O.9.39 Recipes (Trin-C O.9.39) 25/25 : Loke wel whanne þy bagge chaungeþ clene out of reed colour þat hit hath byfore tyme into a manere of an vnþrifti wane colour.
- (a1475) *Sln.73 Recipes [OD col.] (Sln 73)fol.201 : Whanne þi bagge chaungiþ clene out of þe rede colour..in to a manere of an vnþryfty wan colour.
Note: Additional quots., ?prob. sense 1.(b). ?Poss. modify = 'of color: pale, washed out, diluted'.