Middle English Dictionary Entry
waggen v.
Entry Info
Forms | waggen v. Also wag(ge, waggon, wage & (in surname) waghe-; sg.3 waggeth, etc. & vagis, (early) wagget & (error) waggih; p.ppl. wag(g)ed, iwaggid. |
Etymology | Prob. from OE wagian (cp. sg.3 wagaþ, p. wagode), with reinforcement from ON (cp. OI vaga to wag, waddle & Norw., Icel., Swed. vagga to shake, rock). Early surnames in wag(h)e- may belong to ME wawen v. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To be in motion, esp. back and forth or up and down, shake, flutter, swing; also fig. with ref. to (e) [quots. a1387 & a1425]; of teeth: be loose; of a boat: rock with the waves; of flesh: wobble or quiver; of beards: wag with the motions accompanying animated speech; wagginge tethe, loose teeth;
(b) ~ with hed, to nod; also, nod in a coquettish or provocative manner;
(c) to walk around, move about, wander; also, betake oneself, go; of a swimmer: struggle (to shore through or with the waves);
(d) to stagger; totter, sway; also in fig. context with ref. to (e) [quot. a1450];
(e) to waver, vacillate, lack steadfastness; ~ at a strau, ?be indecisive, dither over a situation;
(f) ppl. wagginge, of the wind: gusty.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.321 : Robard, waggynge as a reed [L velut arundo], assented anon.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4039 : Right by the hoper wol I stande…and se how the corn gas in; Yet saw I neuere…How that the hoper wagges [vr. wagis] til and fra.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)86b/a : Scharpe humours in þe rootes of teeþ þurleþ þe teþ and wastiþ hem ofte & makeþ hem wagge [L relaxant].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)240a/b : The hihest sprayes of a vyne hatte flagella, for þey beþ waggynge [L agitentur] wiþ blastes of wynde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)273b/b : Bugle fleissh y-soden or y-rosted heleþ mannes bytynge…his houe wiþ mirra fasteneþ waggynge [L motos] teeþ.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)23/21 : How so euere þe world waggeth, þou mayt not falle fer; Who so sitteþ on þe bare grounde…restiþ more safly þan ȝif he sat on hyȝe towres.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)513 : Waggon [Win: Waggyn], or waveron, or stere be hyt selfe as a thynge hangynge: Vacillo.
- 1448 *Glo.Chron.C (Arms 58:Kooper)f.131r : Also a vessell of onechyn stone igraued so subtillich be crafte that corne ripe to rapyng semed ther on waggyng.
- a1450 Chauliac(4) (Cai 336/725)31/32 : A general sermoun of akþe of teeþ & tooþ þat waggiþ & is tendre.
- a1450 Sentence in YULG 60 (Yale 3.34)54 : A rok and reyl and spenyng weyll, my babyll vagis [L vatellat] neuer a deyll.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)17574 : Thys hand ful hih vp-on A tre Maketh many on enhangyd be And with hys ffeet…ffor to waggen in the hayr.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)p.120 : Hyt is mery in hall when berdys waggyth all.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)5567 : The steward come rydyng faste…His arme hyng waginge be his syde.
- a1500 Hal.Gloss.(Eg 829)p.6 : Vacillare: to wagge, sicut navis in aqua.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)226 : His chyn wiþ a chol lollede…Þat all wagged his fleche as a quyk myre.
b
- c1425 How GWife(1) (Hnt HM 128)161/45 : When þou goest be þe weie, goe þou noght to faste; Wagge noght with þin hedde, þin schuldres awey to caste.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)968 : ‘It gladis me,’ quod þe gome…‘A! wele be þe, my wale sone,’ & waged with his hede.
c
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)76/190 : He wole wagge [vr. walkeþ] aboute þe cloistre and kepen his fet clene In house.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 38.41 : Who makeþ redi to þe crowe his mete whan his briddes crien to god, hider and þider waggynge [vr. waggende; WB(2): wandren aboute; L vagantes], for þi þat þei han no metis?
- a1400 PPl.C (Corp-C 293)7.124 : Wagge [Hnt HM 137: Ich, wratth, waxe an hyh and walke with hem bothe].
- c1475 Gregory's Chron.(Eg 1995)108 : The same yere the kyng toke his jornay and wagyd in to Normandy.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)374/226 : Vnethes may I wag, man, for wery in youre stabill.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13542 : I skope fro the skathe with skyrme of my hondes, And with wawes of the water wagget to bonke.
- a1605(?a1500) Lond.Lickpenny (Hrl 542)114 : I hyed me to byllingesgate and cried, wagge, wagge yow hens.
d
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)166 : F. ercule [read: croule] et cheet bas: W. waggih [read: waggith] and falluth lowe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)101a/b : A woode houndes tonge is so venemous þat hit makeþ þe hound wagge & rolle [L nutantem] as þey he were dronke.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)8969 : On euery a side Achilles schakes With euery a strok that he ther takes…Ector saw Achilles wagge As with the wynd doth the flagge.
- a1450(?1419-20) Topias (Dgb 41)76/124 : So do þe disciplis of ȝour sory secte…Wandrynge wedercokkes wiþ euery wynd waginge.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)323/8 : They fought tyll…At the laste they lacked wynde bothe, and than they stoode waggyng, stagerynge, pantynge, blowynge, and bledyng.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)95/8 : Sche be-gan for to wagge and mone and for to crye with as many voycis as there were spiritis with-yn hure.
- a1500 Hal.Gloss.(Eg 829)p.6 : Titubare: to wagge.
e
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)190/18 : Þis wreastlunge is ful bitter to monie þe beoð ful forð i þe wei toward heouene, for þe ȝet i fondunges, þet beoð þe deofles swenges, waggið [Nero: waggeð; Cai: wagget] oðerhwiles, & moten wreastlin a ȝein wið strong wraglunge.
- c1460 Chaucer TC (Hrl 1239)2.1745 : In tyteryng poursuyte and dylayes The folke devyne and waggen at a stre.
f
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3660 : Þe wagande wynde owte of þe weste rysses.
2.
(a) To move (sth.), esp. back and forth or up and down, shake; also fig.; also, brandish (a weapon); stir up (the wind); of an animal: wag (its tail); of a bird: flutter (its feathers);
(b) to shake (sb.) so as to get his attention, nudge;
(c) to cause (sb.) to waver or vacillate; also in fig. context;
(d) ~ oute, to trouble (sb.), afflict.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)89 : Ke waste [read: He was te] beste knith at nede Þat heuere micthe riden on stede, Or wepne wagge, or folc vt lede.
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)78/213 : Þise false fisiciens…helpen men to die; He wole wagge [vrr. wag, wage] his vrine in a vessel of glaz, And swereþ þat he is sekere þan euere ȝit he was.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)211/9 : He waggeþ [Vices & V.(2): mouen] þe lippen onlepiliche and makeþ semblont to spekene, and naȝt ne zayþ.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.189 : Þat name was to hem i-schappe Centauri, as it were an hundred wynde waggers, for þey wagged [L agitabant] wel þe wynde faste in hir ridynge.
- c1390 Talking LGod (Vrn)48/5 : Þei grenneden vppon þe and waggeden heor heuedes and blatten out heore tonges.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)139b/a : Vapour and wynde þat is cause of þondir is diuersliche i-waggid and i-schake [L agitatur].
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.41 : Þanne fondeth þe fende my fruit to destruye, With alle þe wyles þat he can, and waggeth þe rote.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.76 : ‘I haue tolde þe what hiȝte þe tree, þe trinite it meneth…Here now bineth…Matrymonye…a moiste fruit…contenence is nerre þe croppe’…pieres caste to þe croppe…And wagged wydwehode and…meued Matrimoigne, [etc.].
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1484 : Bryddes þer seten…As þay wyth wynge upon wynde hade waged her fyþeres.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)98/5 : Suche tempestes of wawes of wateres—þat is, of wickede coueitise and fleshli lustis—and wyndes—þat ben proude þouȝtes and desires of uein glorie…waggen men al aboute as þei were holewe redis.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)86 : Voz piees & mayns ne croulez…ȝour feet & handez ne waggeþ nat.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)176/42 : Suche men…wolde begile him, as whoso wolde begile a man þat myght noght hyre wolde wagge his lippes tofore him and makeþ a semblant of spekyng and spekeþ noght.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)12.68 : Wel froted, wold he [olive tree] fatte ydonged be And waggid [vr. wagged] with wynd of feracite.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1942 : Þis worthy wylde werld I wagge wyth a wyt.
- a1456 York MGame (Add 16165)60 : They bee the cleped bolde houndes for they bee bolde and goode…and whanne they see the hure maystre they wol make him cheere and wagge hur tayles upon him.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1138/31 : The quene wagged hir hede uppon sir Launcelot, as ho seyth ‘sle hym.’
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)157/10 : A catte…as sone as he is ware of the mowse and caste for to take hir, he will wagge his tayle as it wer for loue.
- a1500(a1450) St.Robt.Knares.(Eg 3143)653 : He rayse vp oppon the morne And fand þese hertys all in hys corne; He wentt and wagged att them a wand And draffe þise dere hame wyth hys hand.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)3/90 : He had power of strengthe to pulle up the spere, that Alisander the noble might never wagge.
b
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.199 : I wondred what þat was…& wagged [vrr. waged; wegged] conscience.
c
- c1400 PLove (Hrl 2254)141/21 : Hou mai þou holde þi-self stronge…þat þou ne arte waggid & steride with vche wynde of temptacioun hider & þider like a reed spire?
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)114/37 : Seynt Poule bit to his disciples þat þei ben…y-roted as a tree in charite, so þat no temptacioun mowe meue hym ne wagge hym.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Kings 16.14 : Þe schrewede spirit waggede [vr. shook; WB(2): traueilith; L exagitabat] hym out fro þe lord.
3.
In surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1187) in Pipe R.Soc.37151 : Ricardus Wagetail.
- (1219) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames370 : Thomas Waghepol.
- (1219) CRR(2) 85 : Willelmus Waggestaf.
- (1226-7) Assize R.Lan.in LCRS 49265 : Walter Waggespere.
- (1297) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames370 : John Wagheberd.
- (1332) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames367 : Roger Waggehorn.
- (1338) Nickname in LuSE 55183 : Will. Waghoper; Will. Waghop’ Junior.
- (1413) Will All Sts.in BGAS 24123 : Elionore Wagwell.