Middle English Dictionary Entry
thẹ̄̆ adv.
Entry Info
Forms | thẹ̄̆ adv. Also (early) þeo, þæ, þi, þiȝ, (before s, t) te, (before vowel) ð- & (?error) þa. |
Etymology | From OE þȳ, þē, instr. of sē̆ pron. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
So much the, the: (a) with comp. adj. or adv.: ~ bettre (hottere, lesse, etc.), so much the better (hotter, less, etc.); al ~ bettre (faster); (b) with comp. adv. plus adj., ppl., or adv.: ~ more large (lesse afered, werse enteched, more pacientli, etc.), so much more generous (less frightened, worse disposed, more patiently, etc.); (c) in correl. constructions: as by so much..so by so much; ~ mo ~ mirier, ~ more..~ hardere, ~..more..~..strengere, etc.; (d) in combs.: ai ~ [see ai adv. 3.]; ever ~ [see ever adv. 7b.(b), (c)]; muche ~ [see much(e adv. 2b.(b), 3b.(b)]; muchel ~ [see muchel adv. 2b.(b), 3.(b)]; mucheles ~ [see mucheles adv. (b), (c)]; ner ~ latere, ner ~ les, ner ~ mo, never ~ later, never ~ les, never ~ mo, never ~ more, never ~ whether, no ~ lesse, no ~ mo, q.v.; thas ~, thas..~ [see thas pron. 2.(c)].
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)7/19,21 : Gyf ænig man byð a ðe wurðere þe hine manig wis man forsicð, þonne byð ælc dysig man þe unwurðre, [etc.].
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)269/10 : He byþ þe [OE þy] ȝearra & þa [?read: þe] hrædra to fifþingumd.
- c1200 Wor.Serm.in EGSt.7 (Wor Q.29)23 : Ich wille heov mid lute vordes iseggen þet ȝe hit maȝen þe raþeren urdenstonden.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11733-4 : Swillc sware ȝaff þe deofell, Þatt he ne wisste nohht te bett Ne nohht te mare off Criste.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)133/29 : Þe tunge hie wiðhalt, þat he ne wurðe for hir ðunworðere.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)120/839 : Þe[t] schal arise þurh þet fal a þusentfalt te fehere.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15272 : Of þere brede he æt sone þer-after him wes þæ bet.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)19 : Ho was þe gladur uor þe rise.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1252 : He chaungede is name þe sikerloker forto go.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2303 : Al ðe bettre sule ge speden, If ge wilen gu wið treweiðe leden.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)8/3 : Worþssipe þine uader and þine moder, uor þu sselt libbe þe lenger ine yerþe.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 15.8 : Wheþer þe counseil of god þou hast herd, & þee lowere shal ben his wisdam?
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.467 (last occurrence) : For al þe fire, þe man was nevere þe hotter.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.103 : I dar the bettre aske of yow a space Of audience to shewen oure requeste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3651 : Þat he þe mai þe less mistru, þou sal sai þou ert esau.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1035 : Me worþez þe better Þat Gawayn hatz ben my gest.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)145 : For al this be of herte liȝt, Thy wit shal be þe Sharper and the bet.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)6/14 : Þa þat ere fraward and recles, Lede þaim þe straiter.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)14250 : Ȝyf Arthur hadde lenger abiden, Þe sykerere myghte Moddred haue ryden.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)675 : Ane eke she ys the lasse to blame; Myself I wolde have do the same.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)943 : Alexander..ridis al þe faster.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)27/24 : They may..be the gladder to suffir you and youre oste to com over the passage.
- (1472) Paston (EETS)1.582 : Syr Jamys is parson of Stokysby by J. Bernays gyft; I trowe he beryth hym the hyeer.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)357/67 : When mary is ded and but she deye the sunere; the devyl smyte of here hed.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4476 : Þe pore þat riche was Is holde þe gentiler..Þan he þat neuere noght ne hadde.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)21/34-5 : Me him hyalde þe more large and þe more corteys.
- (c1391) Gower CA Suppl.(Bod 294)prol.55* : Myn herte is wel the more glad To write so as he me bad.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1543 : Bot thou be the betre avised, Thi deth is schapen.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)5868 : Blame haue þai þat werkis on þaim spar, And hald þaim ay harder þe mar.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.974 : Wostow why I am the lasse afered Of this matere with my nece trete?
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)60/7 : Sche was þe mor bold to preyn owyr Lord to wythstonde her intent.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)20 : So myche it is þe moore perelous, þat þe perel is not knowe þerof.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)678 : She oghte the more excused be.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)3a : Teyȝe hem stronglich, þat thei breke nowth her haltres, for ellis þei shul ben þe wers entecchid and þe more eschu.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)12/25 : Many of hem made hem clene of her lyf that her prayer myghte be the more acceptable unto God.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)36/22 : It is sittyng to a kyng..by prudencye to put defences ayenst chaunces a-comyng, or the more paciently suffre them.
c
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)29/22-3 : Ðe he more is swaint mid deules..ðe he strengere and betere is on gode werkes.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)49/19-20 : Gif ðu ðis liht miht isien, full ȝewiss ðe ðu heiȝer art, þe hwarliker [read: warliker] ðe seluen wilt neðerin.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7691 : Bote he payde him þe bet, þe wors is ende was.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)17/2-3 : Þe more þet me him wynimþ and blameþ and chasteþ, þe more he him wreþeþ.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.458 : The moore that the body is hool, the moore be we in peril to falle.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9242 : Þe nere þe cherche, þe fyrþer fro God.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)127-128 : Þe fyrre I folȝed þose floty valez Þe more strenghþe of ioye myn herte straynez.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)850 : Þe mo þe myryer so God me blesse.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)16.261 : Yf þow lyuest after hus lore; þe shorter lyf, þe betere.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)11/7-8 : Þe dymmere þat þe fame of þi cuntre is, þe lithlier may þe bryȝtnesse of þi name be sene.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)91 : Þe more a man agyth, þe harder he is.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)847 : Þe faster forward him he faris, þe faster he snapirs.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)1/16 : It is verili knowyn þe depper a tree is rotid, þe heygher it wexith.
- a1475 Limn.Bks.(Brog 2.1)77 : The lengere hit stondeth y-tempered, the better hit wol be.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)72/7 : Þe ȝonger she be drawyn, þe bettyr semyth me.
- ?c1500 *Bk.Marchalsi (Dc 291)136a : The hors of gode entaile schall have..the ballokys wele hangynge, the lasse that þey be the better hit ys.
2.
(a) For that reason, therefore; also, used as a subordinator introducing adverbial clauses [could also be construed as the conj.]: on which account, for which reason, wherefore; ~..(so) that, for this purpose..that, in order that; therefore..so that; (b) then; also, subsequently, next; in correl. constructions: the (tho)..~, when..then [a few exx. may be errors for or belong to tho adv.]; (c) so; (d) as noun or pron. in phrases: for ~ [see for-thi pronominal adv. & conj.]; to ~..that, for this purpose..that, in order that.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)118/17 : Þa þa ic ane þe forlet on þan þeostren, þeo [OE to ðy] ic dyde swa þæt ic wolde wyten embe þin fær hwu se Ælmihtige ymb þe wolde.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)133/32 : Eac man swereð man mare þone he scolde, þy hit is þe wyrse wide on eorðe.
- a1150(c1125) Vsp.D.Hom.Fest.Virg.(Vsp D.14)22/66 : Sume næmmeð þone cæstel Magdalum, þe Maria wæs 'of Magdalenisc' geclypod.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.Quadr.(Bod 343)40/14 : Þi we sculen symle wuniæn on þare godcundæn lufe & ure nextæ, þæt he symle on us þurhwunie.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)93 : God ec forðon..ȝef ewilcum of þan wurhtan selcuðe speche and heore nan ne icnew oðres speche; þi bileafden heo heore timbrunge.
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)233 : Þa þis was isegd, þa were cofe abruden into þesternesse, þe hi sturfe hungre.
- ?c1250 PMor.(Eg 613(1))126 : Þi [Lamb: for-þi] he is wis þe bit and be-ȝit and bet be-fore dome.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)860 : Ich rede þi þat men bo ȝare.
- a1300 11 Pains(1) (Jes-O 29)155/290 : And he is curteys and hendy, Þi god him lete wel endy.
- a1300 Þo ihu crist (Jes-O 29)39 : Ich wot..Þat þu me hauest soþ iseyd of alle wordes þisse; Þi of one þinge sey me iredynesse.
b
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)31/23 (2nd occurrence) : Þeo hefden alles bigunne uorto spekene, þeo ne kuþen heo neuere astunten hore cleppe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1957 : Suoðen com king Marke: he wes þritti wiken king; Þeo [Otho: Þo] com Gorbodiago: he wes fif ȝere god king.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3017 : Þa þe burh wes strong and hende, þeo gon he þonnen wenden.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1416 : Ðe broðer and de moder oc Riche giftes eliezer ðe toc.
- ?1316 SMChron.(Roy 12.C.12)273 : Whyl kyng Arthur wes alyve In Bretaigne wes chyvalerie, Ant the in Bretaigne were yfonde This gret aventures..That ye habbeth yherd her this.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20700 : Dos þe belles all at ring, And suitfair þe [Göt: þar-wid] ȝe sing.
c
- a1300 A Mayde Cristes (Jes-O 29)29 : Ne beo he no þe swift, ne may he fleo.
d
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)70/34 : Soðlice mid þyssen worden is geswutelod þæt þysses middeneardes wæstme is ryre, & to þan he wexst þæt he fealle; to þy he sprytt þæt he into cwylde fornyme, swa hwæt swa he ær sprytte.
- a1225(OE) Vsp.A.Hom.Init.Creat.(Vsp A.22)223 : Adam and eua weron toði ȝesceapene þat hi sceoldan mid edmodnisse..ȝearnie þa wuniunge on hefe rice.
3.
In conjunctive phrases: ~ lesse (the, ~ leste, lest.
Associated quotations
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)4/11 : Ne forgitt þu hine þeh ealne, þelæste þu þornige þæs ecen lifes.
- a1150 Rwl.G.57 Gloss.(Rwl G.57)24 (1st occurrence) : Ne [nulli] placeas: þe læs þe þulice.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)11/25 : Nim tweȝen styccan fulle gedes [read: godes] eles..and rudan ealswa micel and wyl on an niwen crocen næs to swiðe, ðe læsse þe ele his mænȝ forleosen.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.Quadr.(Bod 343)44/17 : Waciæþ on ȝeornesse forþam ðe ȝe nyten hwænne Drihten cumende bið..þi læs þonne he cyme þæt he slepende eow ne imete.
- c1175(OE) Bod.Hom.Dom.2 Quadr.(Bod 343)56/6 : Waciȝæð..þyȝ læs ðe he eow slæpende finde þenne he cymæð.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.VA (Lamb 487)117 : Iwend þe from uuele, þi les þe ðu steorles losie on ende.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)109/18 : Him ðe hem wel cann wissin hie besekeð, and his ræd bliðeliche hlisteð and folȝið, ðe laste hie falleð mid ða blinde in to ðan pette.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)125/29 : Nemeð discipline of all ðe misdades ðe ȝe deð, þe las te godd him wraðþi and ȝie forfaren of ðe rihte weiȝe!
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)63/11 : Hiȝ ȝeweddode & beȝyrde reston & nane seax be heora syðan nabban, þe læste hy on slæpe ȝewundede weorþan.