Middle English Dictionary Entry

tēren v.(2)
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1.
To destroy (sth.) by reducing it to fragments: (a) to rend (flesh, a garment, etc.), tear (sb. or sth.) to pieces; dismember (sb.), tear apart (an animal); draw (sb.) limb from limb; also fig.; also, tear (meat) apart; also, in oath: the devel the tere!; ~ from top to to(es, ~ insonder, ~ in-to peces; ~ bitwene, tear (each other) apart; ~ of thre, tear (a serpent) into three pieces; (b) to tear (one's garments) in a frenzy of emotion or madness; (c) to destroy (a book) by ripping it apart; also, fig. rend (the law).
2.
(a) To rip away pieces of flesh from (sb., an animal) with claws, teeth, etc.; of briars: tear off (wool from a sheep); (b) to lacerate (flesh, skin, someone's body, etc.), esp. with a whip; also fig.; flay (sb.); refl. flagellate oneself; ppl. torn, lacerated, flayed; (c) to make a hole in (fabric, mail, a shield), cut, perforate; also, tear a slit in (a garment); also fig.;ppl. torn, perforated, cut, slit.
3.
(a) To remove forcefully (a tongue, tooth, etc.), tear out, pull out; ~ oute; ~ of, tear off (a part of the body); ~ oute of hide, skin (a wolf); (b) to pull out (one's hair) in a frenzy of grief, rage, etc.; ~ of; ~ bi the her, refl. seize oneself by the hair, tear at one's hair; (c) to drag (sb.) away; drag (sb. to or from a place); ~ bi the her; (d) with prep.: ~ of, to pull (a garment) off (sb.); with adverbs: ~ adoun, pull (a rider) down (from a horse); ~ of, pull off (someone's armor); ~ up, pull up (a post); (e) fig. to take away (the fire of passion from sb.).
4.
To wear out (an article of clothing); also, rub away (part of a plant); ppl. torn, frayed, tattered.
5.
To demolish (a gate, wall, etc.), level, raze, tear down; ~ adoun (doun).

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853:Marx) 71/244 : We schulen foonde euerychoon, Alle togidere, boþe hool & some, To teer him from þe top to þe toon.
  • Note: Quot. [see c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853) 244] already taken under 1.(a). Marx, however, argues that though "teer is probably used in the sense of 'rend' or 'injure'," the phrase "teer...from þe top to þe toon can be used figuratively to refer to blaspheming against Christ or swearing profanely by Christ's limbs" and refers to OED tear v.1., sense 3.b.
    Note: ?Modify fig. sense of oath teren from top to to(es