Middle English Dictionary Entry
tēching(e ger.
Entry Info
| Forms | tēching(e ger. Also tekinge, (early) tecunge, teachunge & (?errors) teschyng, thechng, (error) tehinge; pl. techinges, etc. & techingges. |
| Etymology | From tēchen v. & OE tǣcing, -ung. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The activity characteristic of a teacher, the act of providing guidance, training, or instruction to another; (b) the act of imparting knowledge or understanding; (c) tutelage; also, training.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)96/12 : Þe tuelf apostles..al þe wordle uedde an norissede be hare techinge and by hare uorbisne.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.161 : Iohn Cornwaile..chaunged þe lore in gramer scole..Richard Pencriche lerned þe manere techynge of hym.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.443 : Þan Ancelme ȝaf hym to penaunce and to fastynge and to techynge of children.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.518 : A good man was ther of religioun..He was..in his techyng discreet and benigne.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)8420 : Set him faste to gode teching Til he be lerned him self to lede.
- c1400 In hys beyng (Cmb Ii.3.8)p.67 : In hys bey[n]g he [is] god..And in hys thechynge þer may no trewar be.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.28 : Who shulde make a reule to men þat he knoweþ not, ne haþ no maistrie of hem, ne techyng to kepen it?
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)14/12 : To thi felawe, thou scholdist yeue councell..in teching [vr. teschyng] hym where he is ignoraunt.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)2/5,10 : A Grete differens es be-twene prechynge and techynge: Prechynge es in a place where es clepynge to-gedyr..of pepyl in holy dayes in chyrches..And it longeth to hem that ben ordeynede ther-to..Techynge es that eche body may enforme and teche hys brothyr in euery place and in conable tyme, os he seeth thet it be spedful.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)33 : Be þu ensaumple of feiþful men in word, in leuing..in chastite; take to reding, and to exorting, and to theching, and to be stonding in hem.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.212 : Þer is þre maner of stilhed..þe secunde is wyckyd, whan we cesyn from dew maner of techynge & vndirnemynge of our euene cristene.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)186 : Alchymye..neuir was fownde bi labour of man, But it bi teching or reuelacion bigan.
- a1500 St.Brendan Conf.(Lamb 541)19/343 : I haue nott þouȝt on vertues forto lerne hem..aftir þe teching and þe blessid ensaumple ȝeuynge of þee, my Lord Ihesu Crist.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.611 : Now hast thou, Sone, at my techinge Of Jelousie a knowlechinge.
- c1400 Wycl.Reg.(Dc 273)18 : Þai schulden punysche no man for techynge of Gods lawe.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)191 : Men ordeyned songe of mornynge whanne þei weren in prison, for techynge of þe gospel.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)19/24,26 : Where euere..be maad moost cleer teching of moral..dedis..so is maad moost cleer teching of goddis comaundementis.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)430 : Freris wolden lede þe puple in techinge hem goddis lawe.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.309 : Euery cristene man and woman owyth..to..helpyn hem þat..trauaylyn in techynge of þe gospel.
c
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)89/1508 : Aþelbrus he makede þer king For his gode teching.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)108 : Þe fift maister..karped loud vnto þe Kyng: 'Sir, tak þi son to mi techeing..for to lere him I warand.'
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1574 : Þen said Arthour þe Kyng Of bold Perceuell techyng, Fro þe firste bygynnyng.
2.
(a) Counsel, advice; also, a piece of advice, recommendation; ?also, suggestion [quot. a1500(c1410)]; (b) a moral precept; a body of moral precepts; also, a command; (c) reproof, discipline, correction.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?c1300) Reinbrun (Auch)p.637 : Al þe while icham coren king, Don ich wile be þe teching Sire Heraud þe fre.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.16 : Ac oo þing þere is amonges ȝou þat holden þe techyng of Balam þat tauȝtte þe kyng Balaak to don þe children of israel synnen.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1592 : If eny other thing Bot that thou hast of my techyng Fro deth thi body mai respite, I woll thee of thi trowthe acquite.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13870 : Fra nu..þe behoues freind Tent to mi teching and mi tale, For o þi seknes er þou al hale.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)32 : Ȝee shullen heren noble geste Of Alisaundre..Þat dude by his mais[t]res teching And ouercom..Darrye of Perce.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)155a/b : Auicenne seiþ þre cornerde puluilles ben nescessaire..but y preued hem neuer for y vse euermore foure cornerde plumasoles after þe teching of henricus de Amonda villa.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2146 : Theseus is lad..forth unto this Mynotaur..And by the techynge of this Adryane He overcom this beste.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)166 : Who-so takyþ þis herbe or here poudre..and obserue nat þis teching, he shal nat askape with-oute an huge disease.
- ?a1450 Poem Hawking (Yale 163)206 : Gouerne ȝour haukys euen as Y saye, And putte no faute in my techynge.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.153 : Euery synne, be it euere so pryue, it is doon be the techyng and tysyng of the fend.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)7 : The olde woman seyde to hir..'I shall telle yow how ye shull do.' Quod the mayden, 'Telle on, and I will do after techynge.'
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5766 : Now hast þou done as I bad þe do; Þou wiþ-stodist not my wille Neiþer my teching vnto ille.
- ?a1500 *Chauliac(5) (Peterh 118)68a/a : Þe commune worde oþer techynge in all þes is þat what tyme þat enpostumes bene in þe begynnynge..þe paciente shal be letten blode.
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)102/23 : Crist..us þa bysene onstealde þæt we sceolon..symle Godes bocæ teachunge ȝeorne fylȝean.
- c1200 Wor.Serm.in EGSt.7 (Wor Q.29)121 : Ich [a]m king imaked þurþ min fader techinge, is este to done.
- a1225(OE) Lamb.Hom.Pentec.(Lamb 487)93 : Alle þeo ileafulle laðunge him ihersummede efter godes tecunge.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)69/20 : Þer byeþ zome of zuo diuers wyt þet none guode techinge ne onderuongeþ ak alneway weryeþ hare sentense huet þet hit by, zuo þet ofte hi ualleþ ine errour.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)32.2 : Shriueþ to our Lord in uertuz, and doþ to hym þe techynges of þe x comaundementz.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)56 : Þeos perlous prestes..turned fro his teching þat teeld is in trone.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)2093 : Ful fayre techyng ys þer-ynne For to leue of þeft þe synne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2655 : If þou [Abram] halds mi techeyng [Frf: teyching], O þe sal com bath prince and king.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)71/23,24 : Þe thrydde cornere of pride..is whanne þou..doste noȝt after..þe techyng of holy wrytte..& þe techyng & þe leffull..byddynges of þi gostely fadyres.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.199/25 : We, þe same persones confession and oþer techynges lawfulle folowyng..sentencially restore and reduce to þe state, [etc.].
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)17/1 : He is ine grat peril to huam alle triacle went in to uenym, Also deþ techinge and chastisement to þe proude, Vor þe more þet me him..blameþ and chasteþ, þe more he him wreþeþ.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)68/35 : Vor zuyche herten byeþ rebours and rebels red to leue to done godes heste, chastinge þolye and techinge onderuonge.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1052 : Thanne shaltow vnderstonde that bodily peyne stant in disciplyne or techynge, by word or by writynge or in ensample.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6992 : I wolde..of no wight no teching take, For I that other folk chastie Wole not be taught fro my folie.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)97/34 : Þe synnes of þe hert er þir: ill thoght, ill delyte, assent till synne..despyte of gude counsell and of gude techynge.
- a1500 Add.37075 Gloss (Add 37075)43/180b : Norma..disciplina: a ryȝth techyng.
3.
(a) The knowledge or information that is taught; a fact, truth; ~ of philosophie (philosophres), philosophre ~; (b) moral guidance; a moral doctrine; also, dogma; also in transl. of Augustine's De Doctrina Christiana [quot. a1450(a1397)]; (c) the ideas or points of view promulgated by an individual or school of thought; also, one of these ideas or points of view; ~ of plato (galen, etc.), catones ~.
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 My doȝter (Bod 26)13 : Herkne my lore, yse my thechyng.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)12 : Catun was an heþene mon, Cristned was he nouht; In word ne in werk aȝeynes vr fey No techyng he non tauht.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)343/25 : Alle þese techingis þou hast had tofore.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5664 : In erthe is not oure Countre, That may these clerkis seyn..In Boice of consolacioun..By teching of philosophie.
- a1425 MChristi (Arun 286)52/609 : Seynt Bernarde seiþ lore or teching make a man witty, but drede of God makeþ hym wyse.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)257/3168 : Ȝyf þi wyt not saruf þe to tak all þes techyngys, yu may have þame all..in þe forsaid figur.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.276 : I am replenysshid and fulfild with thy techynges.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)3/10 : Trewþe haþ þat cirugie is double: techynge þat is appropred to þe name of þe sciens..and þe vsing þat is apropred to þe name of þe sciens.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)120/11 : Be not ashamed to here trouthe & good teching [vr. techyngges] of whom þat euer seiþ it.
- a1450(1408) Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)48/1 : Hit besemyth to no man..mo þinges to knowe þan hit doþ a prince whos teching and doctrine [L cuius doctrina] may profite to alle his sugettis.
- ?c1450(a1388) Wallingford Exafrenon (Dgb 67)241 : The science of the sterries is..not onlyne of the techynge of philosophris but also of thin awn experience.
- c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)194/3 : Pitagoras..hasked in is scole þat is disciples shuld..no þinge do in scole but here hure maisters techynge and leven is seyinge.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)49/25 : Salamon..yaue to the peple much wisdam and wyse techingis.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)149/19 : Now here begynnyth olde stories to prowe the forsayde thechynge of Prudencia trowthe.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)42/17 (2nd occurrence) : He made þis booke, spekand by tokyns & ensamples..techand outward, by lettre, philosofre techinge [Ashmole: philosophik and phisik doctrine] falland to lordlynes of lordes to hele of body to be kepyd.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)53/14 : Ȝyt y lere þe þat y was wont to lere þe..And y trist þat þis techinge shall be..surtee and sufficiante to þy gouernaille.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2355 : Comon scolis to techinge be not trewe..olde men..seid so that scolers shulde not fynde The secrete mixtions.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)992 : King Bokkus liked þise wordes wel Of his techyng euerydel.
b
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)675 : Þe bissop..couped Iesu of his dedes, Hou he wrotht..'Mi teching [vrr. thechng, tekinge],' he seid, 'tak now hede; Hit bi houit wid to be sprede.'
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)220/10 : Þe fole uelaȝredes amerreþ ofte children and hare tehinge [read: techinge], þet kueade uolk [F leur enseignent les mauvais geus, prob. misunderstood as: enseignement..gens].
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)220/18 : Me ssel þe children chasti and wel teche..And wonye his to hyealde þe guode techinges.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Tim.4.3 : Tyme schal be whanne men schulen not susteyne, or suffre, hool, or holsum, teching.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 2.42 : Thei that receyueden his wordis weren baptysid..thei weren lastynge in techinge of apostlis and in comunynge of brekinge of breed.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.3060 : Melibe hadde herd the grete skiles..of dame Prudence and hir wise informaciouns and techynges.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)79a/b : He fediþ hem wiþ helpe of good praieres..& wiþ wordis of goode lore & techinge.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10907 : As þe gode shepard kepyþ hys shepe, So shalle þe prest hys parysshenes kepe..wyþ feyre techyng and gode spelles.
- c1400 Vertues & (Bod 416)20 : For defaute of trewe techinge, men wenden to helle by many weies.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5830 : By techyng of al holy chirche, Þe holy doctryne and tradiciouns, We schal dispise swiche oppiniouns, Whiche of þe fende wer founde.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)84/12 : Þe vertues of hir [Virgin Mary] þat passiþ alle men..ben þe techingis of chirchis.
- a1450(a1397) WBible(2) GProl.(Hrl 1666)p.9 : The noumbre of translatouris out of Greek into Latyn passith mannis knowing, as Austyn witnessith in the ij book of Cristene Teching.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)347 : Techyng sal be to þam it beres Als gastly sede sawn in þair eres.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)64/5 : He is the grownde, he is the substaunce, he is the techynge, he is the techare.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)166/23 : In charite hangen alle moral vertues..and alle þe moral techingis of profetis.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)127/591 : God is gretly disp[l]esid..in þat þat his cure has not dewe teching and informacion as þey aught.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)9056 : If..His sone..for wickid egging Leueþ al thi teching And drawe him in-to wickednesse, Þi ioye þanne were al þe lesse.
c
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)255 : Ihesuc hym wes stille, nolde heo nowyht speke..Seoþþe he hym axede of his techinge And of his disciples.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1194 : On of ham accusede oure lord and axede what he were, and what his techinge was þat he gan þe gywes lere.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)9.35 : Ptholome heryer of o god..was yknowe to fallyn in to þe techyng of plato.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Heb.13.9 : Nile ȝe be ledd awey with dyuerse techingis and pilgrym, or straunge.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.2.15 : Thou hast men holdinge the teching of Nycholaytis.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)7.74 : Cui des, videto is catounes techynge.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)3.22 : Mede..in comune court contrarieþ my techynge.
- a1450 Chauliac(4) (Cai 336/725)18/15 : Lete us sue þe formal techinge of G.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)196 : Þus hauyþ þis poete left vs a teching þat dytayne wole bringe oute iren of a wounde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)37 : Þe wysest wees of the werd..Knew..þe curses of þe clere sternys..As wide as þe werd was went worde of þaire teching.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)27/22 : Summe philesofris so holden and techen as þou hast now rehercid; Neuerþeles, þilk techyng semeþ not to me best.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)121/10 : In oone techynge acordyth..the moste wyse clerkes.
- ?a1500 Cutell Treat.Descant in Burney GHist.Music (Bod 482)1.700 : The old techying was that a man shul neuer take none imperfite acord but yf he hade a perfite after hym.
4.
Translating L eruditio: erudition, scholarship, knowledge; also, the act of learning.
Associated quotations
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)9.47 : It is anoþer to ben a prophete and anoþer to be an vndoer of langage: þer þe spirit seiþ befor þingez þat ben to commyng; heere teching [WB(2): enformacioun; L eruditio] & plente of wordez þingez þat he vnderstondiþ translatiþ.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prol.Is.(Bod 959)42 : He to me ȝeelde mede..þat wot me for þat thing to han swat in þe teching [vr. lernyng; L eruditione] of a straunge tunge.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)168b/a : Mount syon was..mount of lore and of techinge [L eruditionis].
5.
(a) The showing of a way, guidance, direction; also, fig. inspiration; (b) a demonstration, an illustration, example.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)11656 : Forth þai went þar wai fra þai [Vsp: þan] widvten teching of ani man.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.147 : Þe fyngres þat fre ben to folde..toched and tasted atte techynge of þe paume.
- a1425 This blessyd boke (LdMisc 286)5 : Dauid sauter..kynge Dauyd made thorogh teching of the holy gost.
- a1450 Bevis (Cai 175/96)31/644 : Techyng [Auch: Þe stedes hom to stable ran Wiþ oute kenning of eni man].
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)8642 : Gwisshar to the oost cam, And bi the teching the wey he nam.
b
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.93 : Cecile..ensample was by good techynge.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)84/5,10 : Marie was sich, þat þe lyf of hir oon is þe teching of alle..she lernede..oonly to be meke and to gadre oþere techingis of vertues wiþinne þe kepinge of meeknesse.
- c1425 Evang.(BodAdd C.38)1502 : Alle goddes werkes ben oure techinge.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.17.11b : Seint Ion..turnid hym and leyde his heued vpon cristes breste and was rauisched bi loue in to contemplacion of godes priuites..In tokninge and techynge to oþer men whilk wulde be contemplatif þat þei schulden disposin hem for to do þe same.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.219 : Þer is fenyyng for good techyng, & so Crist fenyyd hym for to gon farþere to steryn his disciplys to hospitalyte.
6.
An expository treatment of a topic; a section of a treatise; open ~, unrestricted discussion.
Associated quotations
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)1/4,8 : The firste tretis of surgerie halt wiþinne him general ruelis & canones & haþ iij techingis [L doctrinas]; Þe firste techinge of þe firste tretis haþ þre chapitlis..The secunde techynge of þe first tretis is on summe & oon chapitle of anotomie.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)185b/a : Þe necke haþ summe oþer manere of dispociciouns þe whiche, be cause of open techinge, schal be touched.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)154/35 : Þise apostemes..drawen ham to vlceres and to apostemes of þe extremytees, whose special causes and tokenes ben had by þe general techynge aboue.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)68a/a : In þe antidotarie þou schalt fynde a ful techinge of þese defensifs.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)96a/a : Thou hast had a techinge in partie in þe chapitre of woundis y-maad in senewis.
- a1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)354/1228 : So derk hit ys..Þat Merlyn seyde in his techyng, Wel fewe clerkys..Vnderstondyþ..what hit wold mene.
7.
The handing over of someone to authority.
Associated quotations
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15416 : 'In handes yur i sal him [Jesus] teche'..Al þai said to sir Iudas..'godder-hali þan sal þou se For luue o þis techeing.'