Middle English Dictionary Entry
bifallen v.
Entry Info
Forms | bifallen v. Also bivallen, -feallen. Forms: p. bifel(l, -vell, -fill, -vill; bifeol, -ful(l; ppl. bifalle(n, -valle(n. |
Etymology | OE befeallan, -fallan; bifēol(l; bifeallen. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. fallen.
1.
(a) To fall or enter (into a place); -- with on, in; of the sea: ?encroach upon (land); (b) to enter (into a state, etc.); get (into a habit), fall (ill); -- with in, on; (c) to become (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(OE) Vsp.A.Hom.Init.Creat.(Vsp A.22)221 : Se almihti sceappende him and his iferen..let befallen on þat ece fer.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25736 : Uppen ane hulle mid sæ vlode bi-uallen.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)26.176 : Somme Comfort In hire herte befelle.
b
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)157 : Ho iseȝen hore emcristene..in seknesse bifalle.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)87 : Swo þat it eft bifel on his oðer wune.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)121/11 : Þat we eft ne befallen on senne.
- ?c1250 PMor.(Eg 613(1))198 : Al his of-sprunge after hym in herme is bi-falle [vrr. bifealle, biualle].
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)8.113 : Thuse solaceþ þe soule, til hymself be-falle In a wel good hope.
- ?1457 Hardyng Chron.A (Lnsd 204:Ellis)p.ii : Iff that he were in suche a jupertee Of werre by falle.
c
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)420 : Ihc am icome of þralle & fundling bifalle.
2.
To come to pass, come about, happen, occur; -- (a) with noun or pron. as subj.; bifel the cas, it so happened; (b) with a subj. clause (with or without a preceding hit, it); (c) without a subject or with impers. hit, it.
Associated quotations
a
- a1250 Wooing Lord (Tit D.18)281 : Wundres..hauen bifallen..þis was te measte wunder þat eauer bifel on eorðe.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)31191 : He wel lute wiste wat bi-ful [Clg: ilomp] after.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)107 : No þing þet moȝe beualle ne moȝe ous ondo of þe ilke uestnesse.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.449 : Þis mescheef..bifel [L provenerit] for þe deeth and sleynge of Iames þe riȝtful.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.795 : Homward he shal tellen..Of auentures that whilom haue bifalle.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)prol.62 : Mony ferlyes han bi-falle in a fewe ȝeres.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3271 : So bifel the cas, That on a day this hende Nicholas Fil with this yonge wyf to rage and pleye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.587 : Sweryng..bifalleth [vrr. cometh, fallyth] ofte of anger and of ire.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.501 : It is to drede of that fortune Which hath befalle in sondri londes.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)4827 : For bittur hongur þat is bifalle.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.236 : What shulde bifalle, Bothe of wel & of wo.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)186 : I dred onende quat schulde byfalle.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1629 : Here is a ferly byfallen.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)56/29 : Do we euel, þat good may bifalle.
- a1422 Gild St.Geo.Nrw.(Rwl D.913)445 : Alle the bretheren..schullen halwen the day of Seynt George ȝerely, on qwat day so it be-falle.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.24.67 : He temperide the sorewe which bifelde [L acciderat] of the deeth of the modir.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.4.109 : Yif alle thynges byfalle at his owene wil.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)65a/a : Of which bifalleþ [L contingit] emorogie & complicacioun of disposicions.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)2/37 : Sche knew..many secret & preuy thyngys whech schuld beffallen aftyrward, be inspiracyon of þe Holy Gost.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)712 : What thing is now be fall?
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)1197 : Other thingez..hath be fall.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)41 : Merlin..tolde hym alle thynges like as were beffalle.
- 1607(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)242/324 : Had Iesu..been in this place, this case had not befalne.
b
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)231 : Þa be-fel hit swa þat [etc.].
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)134/10 : So hit biualleð ofte..þet [etc.].
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)25783 : Ȝef hit bi-falleþ so, þat þou wende in þan fure.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)28302 : Þo bi-fallet [Clg: ilomp] in on tyme, moche..hit gan ryne.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)963 : Siðen bi-fel, ðat sarrai..Ghe wurð wið childe.
- c1330(?a1300) Rich.(Auch)119/126 : Bifel so þat anoble stede Outreyd fram a peynim.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)191 : Þanne be-vil, þet þet child yzeȝ manie poure þet hedden mezeyse.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1009 : And so bifel, that..they founde..Two yonge knyghtes.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1074 : And so bifel [vr. fill] by auenture or cas, That thurgh a wyndow..He caste his eye vpon Emelya.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.19 : Bifel that..In Southwerk at the Tabard as I lay..At nyght was come..Wel nyne and twenty in a compaignye.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.34 : Yif it so befille [L contigisset] that [etc.].
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.1.82 : Thanne wenen folk that it is byfalle [L accidisse] by fortunous bytydynge.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)81a/a : It bifalleþ [*Ch.(2): happeth; L contingit] þat it is turned in to sanie.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)21/18 : It be-fel on a Fryday be-for Whytson Evyn..sche herd a gret noyse.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1027 : So yt be fell, that wedd was the eldyst brothyr.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)7/1 : Hit befel in the dayes of Uther Pendragon..that there was a myghty duke in Cornewaill.
c
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)172 : He spak for hem alle, vor so hit moste biualle [vr. by falle]; He was þe faireste & of wit þe beste.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)18053 : Þe wile hit bi-fulle [Clg: him a-lomþ] wors.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)54 : Nou schulle ȝe here hou it bifel.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)547 : Best beþ it nouȝt so, ȝif better miȝt bi-falle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.961 : Thogh it ones be befalle, It schal nevere eft whil that I live.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1979 : This Centaurus..Hadde his duellinge, as tho befell, Of Pileon upon the hel.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.449 : Ther fil, as it bifalleth tymes mo, Whan that this child had souked [etc.].
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)49 : For þe bettir þan schulde be, if it bifille not.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)1087 : How it was be fall.
3.
To fall to (one's) lot; to happen (to sb.); -- (a) with pers. obj. (with or without subj.); hou him befel, how he fared; if him wel befalle, if he is lucky; faire (foule) you befalle! good (bad) luck to you!; me bifel for to slepe, I happened to be asleep; etc.; (b) with to (on, of) phrase.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)5449 : Þe bet ham sal bi-valle [Clg: iwurðen] and bi-come mine men.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)26737 : Ȝef ous wel bi-falleþ [Clg: ilimpeð].
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)27135 : Luþer him bi-falle [Clg: ilimped] was.
- c1300 SLeg.Kath.(Hrl 2277)96 : Ic wole..afonge what me wole bifalle.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)786 : Luþer chapman he was, and al-so him is byffalle.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)118 : Grat guod þe ssel beualle, yef þou zuo dest.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.68 : Sire Preest..now faire yow bifalle!
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.67 : I may you telle..A wonder hap which me befell.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.655 : For o man, if him wel befalle, Is more worth than ben thei alle.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2512 : For to tel O loth chaunce þat him bifel.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)9385 : A greet harm bifel vs þore.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.59 : Þat feire hem bifalle, þat suweth my sermon.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)1.7 : On Maluerne hulles Me byfel for to slepe.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.27 : Wher-so me by-fulle To telle eny tale, ich trowede me wiser To carpen..þan eny lered oþer lewede.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)70 : Hap..That me byfil, to entren into toun The holy seynt..to visite.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3084 : For to tel..hou me bifel Of Love, that tok and wounded me.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4494 : Foule hir bifall!
- a1450(a1387) PPl.A(2) (RwlPoet 137)12.58 : Many ferlys me by-fel in a fewe ȝeris.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.82 : How that thike day it him befelle.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)93 : Faire þe sall by falle.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)56/18 : First, þat he be aknowe alle þo greefis to bifalle him bi þe prouidence of god.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)129 : Soo faire hym mot befalle.
b
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)93b : Swucche utterliche sunnen þe to alle bifalleð [Nero: biualleð].
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)49 : Þe ilke to huam hit is be-ualle.
- c1400(a1376) *PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)5.254 f.14b : What befel of þis feloun, I can not faire shewe.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)105 : Best good which naturaly myȝt and schulde bifalle to hem.
- c1450(?a1400) SLChrist (Add 38666)44 : To vs be-felle þat blisfull case.
- a1500 Methodius(3) (Stw 953)737 : Vij sethys more..woo xall be here peyne þan on crysten men be-fell.
4a.
To appertain or belong (to sb.) as a right or duty; to be (one's) right or duty; to be fitting or becoming; -- (a) with personal obj.; (b) with to, for phrase.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)3923 : Sein dubric of þe sulue toune Was erchebissop; him biuel, þe croune on him [the king] do.
- a1400 Floris (Eg 2862)508 : Þat he help þe in boure and halle, As it were my self befalle.
- c1400(a1376) *PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)1.50 f.2b : Reddite cesari..þat cesari befalle [vr. falleþ].
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.155 : And so bifel [vr. bifil], whan comen was the tyme [etc.].
- c1460 Oseney Reg.13/18 : Hit befalleth vs to assent swyftely.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)368/12 : The consent of all and euerych the which hit be-falled to consent.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2202 : Ase heo strepten of is cloþes, al a-boue heo founde Clerkene cloþes, ase him to bi-feol.
- c1330 SMChron.(Auch)32 : Al þai were maride wel, Als to swiche wimen bifel.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.286 : He hadde catel to spende, As bifel for a kniȝte.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.102 : For-þi, wolde ȝe lettred leue þe leccherye of clothynge..as bifel for clerkes.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)14 : Trew he was in alkyn thing, Als it byfel to swilk a kyng.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)158/7 : Greet hardnes bifalliþ to a man forto reule him silf..aȝens glotonye.
4b.
(a) To pertain (to a condition); (b) to be appropriate or suitable (for an occasion or purpose).
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)7 : Mest al þet ich habbe idon bi-fealt to child-hade.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (LdMisc 108)174 : Þe oresones weren alle i-seid, þat bi-fullen þer-to.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)328/17 : Repercussiuis bifalliþ for hoot apostymes.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?a1500 PPl.A(1) (Bod 851)8.191 : And þat it so mote be to God preye we alle, To vs and alle cristin God leue it so befalle.
Note: ?Add phrase