Middle English Dictionary Entry
sterre n.
Entry Info
Forms | sterre n. Also ster(e, sterrie, starre, star(e, sturre, (SWM) stoerre & (early) steor(r)e, steorra, storre & (gen.) sterre(s, & (errors) sterere, strerre; pl. sterres, etc. & sterrus, ster(r)en, ster(r)e & (early) steorren, steorran, steoræ, storre, (SWM) storie & (errors) strerres, sertres, serris, streorren. |
Etymology | OE steorra, stiorra. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. sterne n.(1).
1a.
(a) An apparently fixed celestial body, a star; one of the seven solar bodies called planets in Ptolemaic astronomy [cp. planet(e n.(1)]; also fig. [quot. c1225]; also, a constellation [quot. ?a1425, 2nd]; cold sterres, the northernmost stars, esp. those of Ursa Major or Ursa Minor; (b) a comet; a meteor; also, a nova; also, the star of Bethlehem regarded as a comet [quot. c1400]; ~ berded (hered), ~ with a launce, blasinge (leminge, tailed) ~, a comet; falling sterres, meteors; (c) the star of Bethlehem; (d) in fig. phrases, usu. pl.: heaven; also, the celestial sphere; contree of the sterres; under ~; under skie and sterres, anywhere in the world; stien aboven (to) the sterres, tillen to the sterres; (e) sterres of the cercle, the stars of the Milky Way; sterres seven, seven sterres, variously and often indistinguishably the seven regularly visible stars of the Pleiades, the seven Ptolemaic planets, or the seven stars of Ursa Minor; (f) in cpds. & combs.: ~ bem (glem), a ray of starlight; ~ fix, fix ~, a star which appears unvarying in position; ~ light, starlight; ~ slime, slime of sterres, a freshwater alga believed to have been produced by meteorites; dai ~, q.v.; erratik sterres, sterres erratikes, the planets; even ~, q.v.; even-tide ~, the evening star; lode ~, q.v.; morn ~ [OE morgen-steorra], morwe ~ [see also morwe n. 2.(b)], morwe-tid ~, the morning star, Venus; north ~, q.v.; ?plough ~ [see plough n. 5.]; se ~ [OE sǣ-steorra], a lodestar; ship-man(es ~, Polaris; south ~, a star or constellation supposed to lie above the south pole; (g) in similes and stock comparisons.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)69/5 : Matheus se godspellere awrat swutellucor þas tacnen, þuss cweðende..'byð seo sunne aðeostrod, & se mone ne sylð nan liht, & steorran fealleð of heofone.'
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1135 : Þa..uuard þe sunne suilc als it uuare threniht ald mone an sterres abuten him at mid dæi.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)112/29 : Þe steoræ oferscinæð oðerne on brihtnesse þat he bið brihtre þene þe oþer.
- a1200(?OE) Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)153 : Bi-hold up to heuene..and tel þe strerres [read: sterres] ȝif þu miht.
- a1200(?c1175) PMor.(Trin-C B.14.52)279 : In helle..Nafre sunne þar ne sineð, ne mone ne storre [Eg(1): steorre; McC: sturre].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12124 : Heo ferden..to lokien i þan steorren nehȝe and feorren; þe craft is ihate Astronomie.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)107 : Leomene fader we clepeð ure drihten for þan þe he sunne atend, þe steores of hire leome, and te mone of hire leome, and al þis middelherd alemeð.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)161 : Þe storres liht is hem god latðæu.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)10/134 : Meiðhad is þe steorre þet, beo ha eanes of þe est igan adun iþe west, neauer eft ne ariseð ha.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1321 : Hwat canstu wrecche þing of storre [Jes-O: storie] Bute þat þu bi haitest hi feorre.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1329 : Þah þu iseo þe steorre alswa, Nartu þe wisure neauer þe mo.
- ?a1300 Fiftene toknen (Dgb 86)14 : Þat oþer day is strong mid alle, þe stere sulen from heuene falle.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)134 : He knowned one ilc sterre name He settes in ðe firmament.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.398 : Þat firmament..thicke wiþ steres stode.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)141/10 : Þe sterre þet hatte saturne makeþ þet asemoche yernþ in onelepi daye mid þe firmament..ase he deþ ine þritti yer ine his oȝene sercle.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))1 Cor.15.41 : A sterre diuersith fro a sterre in clerenesse.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)117b/a : Al þe sterres haue liȝt of hire owne outake þe mone.
- c1400 Seint Ieremie telleþ (LdMisc 622)92/16 : Þe xj day, bones of ded men arisen schull..Þe xij dai, as þeiȝ it steren weren fram heuen to þe londe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4445,4447 : O cruel Mars..þou sterre infortunat..O hatful sterre..In strif and murmur most is þi desyre.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.6.23 : Nero governyde by ceptre all the peples that ben undir the colde sterres that highten the Septem Tryones.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.6.9-12 : Ne the sterre yclepid the Bere, that enclyneth his ravysschynge coursis abowte the sovereyn heighte of the world, ne the same sterre Ursa nis nevere mo wasschen in the depe westrene see.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)474 : Sterere [Win: Sterre]: Stella, sidus.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)1.21. 12-14,17 : Alle the sterres sitting within the zodiak of thin Astrelabie ben clepid sterres of the north..And all the remenaunt fixed oute of the zodiak ben clepid sterres of the south.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)49a/b : A planete..is nomore but a sterre discordynge from oþere sterris in forme and worchinge.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)178/19 : Take of þe seede..in þe rysing of þe sterre clepyl Lwcyfer.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.247 : The twelfte day þe starrys schul fallyn doun from heuene.
- a1500(?a1425) Chester Pl.Antichr.(Pen 399)507/461 : I made..they sterrus that be so bryght.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)272 : There be but planetis sevyne Amonge the multitude of sterris in hevyne.
- a1500 Peterb.Lapid.(Peterb 33)p.71 : Asterides is like a stare..Asterides..conteyneþ þe lyȝt þerynn I-closed, as it wer a ster goinge withyne.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2002 : Þe planetes..stande arowe: Firste Saturnus..And Iubiter þat goodly sterre.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1106 : On æfen ætywde an un gewunelic steorra..Se steorra ætywde innon þæt suð west; he wæs litel ge þuht, and deorc, ac se leoma þe him fram stod wæs swiðe beorht.
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)68/34 : Synd eac sume steorren leohtbeamede, færlice arisende, & rædlice gewitende.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8914-18 : Þa isehȝen heo feorre ænne sel-cuðe sterre..brad..muchel..unimete, of him comen leomen igast-liche scinen; þe steorre is ihate a Latin comete. Com of þan steore a leome swiðe sturne.
- a1259 MParis CM (Corp-C 26)1.428 : Cometa apparuit, quæ Anglice Vexede sterre nuncupatur.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8600,8602,8605 : Þe teþe ȝer a sterre þat comete icluped is At alle halwen tid him ssewede viftene niȝt..Þat þe taylede sterre men clupeþ mid riȝte, Vor þer comþ fram hire a lem suiþe cler & briȝte..Þulke sterre is selde iseye bote it bodiinge be.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8821 : In þe endleue hondred ȝer & six ȝer þer to Of þe ȝer of grace..men iseie..Þe tailede sterre þat gret bodiinge is.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11406 : A sterre wiþ a launce þat comete icluped is Aros..Fram seinte margarete tid vort misselmasse nei.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.33 : In þe welcon was i-seie stella comata, þat is, a sterre wiþ a briȝt shynynge crest [Higd.(2): a blasynge sterre].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)116b/b : Wher it be þat þis sterre þat hatte cometa comeþ..alwey he is I-seye in þe firmament in þe Norþ side.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.231 : Þo þis barne was ybore, þere blased a sterre..Þo þat weren in heuene token stella comata And tendeden hir as a torche to reuerence his birthe.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)248 : The se a sterre in þe skye; Sharppe as a swerd hit hynge, The poynt downe.
- ?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)319/26 : In þe last day of Octobre saf on..meny sterres gaderid togedir on an hepe fel doun into þe erþe, levyng behind hem fery bemes in manere of lightnyng.
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)1599 : viij days be-fforn apperyd in the fyrmament A lemyng sterre, that a comete ys clepyd in astronomy.
- c1450 Gt.Chron.(Gldh 3313)85 : In this yere ther was a sterre seyne in the firmament..The which sterre Clerkes called stella commata.
- a1475 Prk.Weather & Moon in NM 58 (Brog 2.1)126 : Sumtyme þer apperithe fallyng sterres and also..fleyng.
- a1475 Prk.Weather & Moon in NM 58 (Brog 2.1)131 : At sumtyme þer appereth þer sterris to pley and lepe up and don. And þo sterris be caused of a lyke mater as thes fallyng sterris be of.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)308 : It is knowen bi philosophris þat þe sterre herid or beerdid erriþ fro heuene in his mouyng, & bitokeneþ pestilence.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1299 : The sterres þat men se doun falle, I preie the, where bicome þei alle?
- ?a1500(a1471) Brut-1461(2) (Lyell 34)72 : This same yeer in the moneth of Juyne was seen stella comata, betwene the northe and the est..The whiche sterre was seyenne also in the court of Rome.
c
- c1200 Wor.Serm.in EGSt.7 (Wor Q.29)117 : Þe kinges icneue vel bi þe neve steorre þet þe niue king vas iboren.
- a1275 Wolle ye i-heren (Trin-C B.14.39)39/11 : Þre kinges..iseien one sterre scinen.
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)214/7 : We redeth i þo holi godespelle..þet si sterre was seauinge of his beringe swo a pierede te þo þrie kinges of heþenesse.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)33/125 : Forth wende þe steorre forto huy comen ouer þat ilke place Þare his holie heue[d] lay.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.2.2 : We han seyn his sterre in the este.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.2.9,10 : The sterre..wente bifore hem..thei, seeynge the sterre, ioyeden with a ful grete ioye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)116b/b : Þis sterre þat hatte cometa..is I-seye in þe firmament in þe Norþ side..it folewiþ þat þe sterre þat was I-seye in þe burþe of crist was not cometa.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11399 : Of suche a sterrie þe writt spake.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)46/14 : Besyde þat is the place where the sterre fell þat ladde the iij kynges.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)16/16 : Þe Chaldees..were þe more feruent and studieng after þis sterre.
- c1450 As holy kyrke makys (Eg 3307)p.13 : To seyk Our Lord thai toke the way..A ster beforn the kynges ay.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)159/231 : Yon stere will us tech þe weyis full sone.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.3 : That þer is non desteneye & of þe starre of þe Epyphanye.
- a1500 Mirk Fest.Revis.(Hrl 2247)86/150 : An aungell sende from [heven] apperyd in a bright sterre to iij kynges in þe este.
d
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)57/611 : Arise..& stuhe abuue þe steorren in to þe heste heouene.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)38/265 : Þe engel elnede hire ant sweteliche seide..'hald hardiliche o þet tu hauest bigunnen'..Ant mid tet ilke step up ant steah to þe steorren.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)165/27 : His feoleware mot mid pine of his flesche uoluwen his pinen, ne wene non mid este stien to þe steorren [Tit: steorres; Corp-C: heouene].
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)187 : Ne wene na mon to stihen wið este to þe steorren.
- c1300 SLeg.Kenelm (LdMisc 108)116 : Him þouȝte þat þare stod a treo..Þat a-non to þe steorrene it tilde.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.6.24 : Thus is discordable bataile yput out of the contre of the sterres.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1904 : Sprede my penon upon a prene And stryke we forthe now vndyr sterre.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2657 : Vndir sky & sterris þis day is noon a-lyve That coude a-mend hym in o poynt.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1464 : The multitude of Angelis all in feer Conveied hym above the sterrys cleere.
e
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)117a/b : He ȝeueþ þe more liȝt..as hit fariþ in þe seuene sterris [L pliadibus] and in þe sterris of þe cercle þat hatte Galaxia, þat is Watlingstrete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)118a/a : Þe sercle of þese seuene sterris, for it goþ aboute as a wayne..is comounliche I-clepid in englische Cherlemaynes wayne.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1517 : On ymage was þere-inne..Sonne and mone and sterren [LinI: steorren] seuene Was þere-inne purtraied, and heuene.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.476 : Al schal turne I hope for the beste, For to enhaunce þin honour to þe heuene, Aboue þe pole and þe sterres seuene.
- a1456(c1425) Lydg.Eagle (Trin-C R.3.20)18 : Þis foole is sacred vnto Iubyter..beholding frome so fer Aboue þe paleys of þe sterres seven Alle constillacyouns.
- c1435 Lydg.St.George (Bod 686)242 : His prayer was graunted in sentence Of him þat is lorde of þe sterres seven.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1376 : With hir hed she touched hevene, Ther as shynen sterres sevene.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)1995 : He made þe courte celestial A paleys ful of ioye and..The planetes and þe sterres seuene To enlumine wiþ the heuene.
- a1605(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Stw 952(2))3100 : The..maker off the Sterres Sevene [Vit: Hath so ordeyned alle thynges That they shal..Holden ther cours].
f
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)161 : Ðan þe safarinde men seð þe sa sterre, hie wuten sone wuderward hie sullen weie holden..þe sa storre shat of hire þe liht þe lihteð sa farinde men.
- (a1333) Herebert Herodes (Add 46919)5 : Þe kynges..foleweden þe sterre, And sothfast lyȝth wyth sterre-lyth souhten vrom so verre.
- a1350 Ancr.Lanhydrock Frag.(BodTh c.70)167/29 : Þe..foul fleþ..& biȝit iþe sterre liȝte..fode.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 38.32 : Wheþer..þe euentid sterre [L Vesperum] vp on þe sones of þe erþe þou makist to rijsen.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.50.6 : As þe morewetid sterre in þe myddil of þe litle cloude, & as þe fulle moone, in his daiys he liȝtneþ.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.207 : Þere men torneþ wel nigh here feet towarde men feet þat woneþ aboute þe ilond Tyle vnder þe norþ sterre [Higd.(2): pole artike].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6508 : Fulofte he goth a nyht Withoute Mone or sterreliht.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)105b/a : Axis..stondiþ I-piȝt vnmeuable bytwene tweye sterres þat beþ clepid polis, þat beþ þe moste souþ sterre & þe most norþ sterre, þe whiche norþ sterre we clepiþ Schipman sterre.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)117b/b : Twey polis þere ben, þat on hatte articus, a north sterre, and alway schineþ to vs and neuer gooþ doun to oure siȝt.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)135a/b : Auster, þe souþerne wynde..arisiþ vndir þe souþ sterre, þat hatte polus antarticus.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)135b/b : Þe Norþerne wynd..arisiþ vndir þe sterre þat hatte polus articus, þe schipmannes sterre.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11435 : Þei follewed on þe sterre beme Til þei coom to Ierusalem.
- c1400 *Chaucer Astr.(Brussels 4869)[2.17] 88b : Ȝif it be of the sunne or of eny fixe sterre, rekene his latitude or his declinacioun fro the equinoxial cercle.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1812 : Ther he saugh, with ful avysement, The erratik sterres.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.3.5 : The flambes of the sonne..overcometh the sterre lyght.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)7.1408 : This Lord..was..Shewed to thre kynges bi a sterre bem.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)474 : Sterre slyme: Assub.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)242 : Summe..couthen not fynde that ther was..eny other substaunce being saue bodili substaunce, as the iiij elementis binethe..and as the fix sterris with her orbe or whele.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.24.1 : Tak eny sterre fix that never discendith under the orisonte in thilke regioun and considre his heighist altitude.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)5.2.88a : In eche of this Epicicles was ficched one of the seven namecouth planetes that be called sterres Erratikes, saaf only þat the sonne was withowt þe Episcicle.
- a1500(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Stw 952(1))16689 : Thow, as a ffyx sterre, stoode euere stable In the ffyrmament off the ffeyth to-ffore the Croos.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)6279 : Generides, whanne it was sterre light, hym self anon gothe vnto Clarionas.
- a1500 Peterb.Lapid.(Peterb 33)p.71 : Astrion is a ston..yf it is set in þe sterelyȝt it takeþ lyȝt of him.
- a1500 PParv.(KC 8)344 : Morwynstere [Hrl 221: Morow sterre: Lucifer].
- a1500 *Ripley CAlch.(Trin-C O.5.31)1913 : Wyne & melke, oyles & renett, þe slyme of sterris þt falle vpon grounde..In þes I practysede as was jn bokis j founde.
- a1550(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Sln 1873)2932 : The Magnete stone..Whose north poynt drawith towarde in yis cuntrey..vndir ye sowth sterre dryvith nedillis awey.
- a1550 *Ripley CAlch.(Ednb-U Laing 3.164)942 : Kowde they neure know what ys our ston; som sowght in thostes..som in strerre [read: sterre] slyme..but yet they hit itt nott.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)145/450 : Nowe wend we forth to Bethlem..for to see the starre-gleme, the fruyt alsoe of that mayden free.
g
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)105/4 : De asterion..Ðeos wyrt scineþ on nihte swylce sterre on heuena.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)133 : Na man ne mihte itellen a mare þe me mei ðeo steorren of heuene.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Bod 34)86/604 : Constu bulden a bur inwið þin heorte al abute bitrumet wið a..wal..schenre of ȝimstanes steapre þen is ei steorre?
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)20/25 : His twa ehnen steareden steappre þen þe steoren.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)630 : Crist is..faier ouer alle men so euen sterre ouer erðe fen.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)499 : Þis croiz is briȝtore to þis world þane alle þe steorrene beo.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)164/28 : Him þingþ al þe worle lite, ase a sterre hit þincþ to ous.
- c1350 Ayenb.App.(Arun 57)267/27 : Men, apostles, and techeres þet holy cherche..habbeþ y-taȝt ssyneþ ase sterren.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.22.17 : I schall multiply þi seed as sterres of heuen.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.268 : Hise eyen twynkled in his heed aright As doon the sterres in the frosty nyght.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)275b/b : Camaleon..schyneþ as a sterre and chaungeþ colours.
- a1400 Lefdy blisful (Mert 248)2 : Lefdy blisful..Heyere þanne þe sterres liȝt.
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)42/27 : As heuene is ful of sterris, so was þi bodi ful of woundis.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1011 : She was..clere as the mone lyght Ageyn whom all the sterres semen But smale candels.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.2795 : Among al kynges..As a briht sonne set amyd the sterris, So stood Arthour.
- ?a1450 MLChrist (Add 39996)5467 : Angels were in þe lifte Þicker þen sterres in þe nyght.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)50/217 : As sterrys in hevyn byn many..so xal þi seed encrese.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)17/4 : Þe garlond..schon as bryght as a sterre.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)222/29 : There come..so grete a multitude that sterres of heuene ne sonde of the see was noȝt þicker.
- 1532(?a1405) Lydg.FCourt.(Thynne)114 : As the somer sonne Passeth the sterre with his beames shene..So..My lady passeth..Al tho alyue.
1b.
(a) A star or planet as used in divination or prophecy; pl. the stars; also, the configuration of the stars at a specific time; cours of the sterres; ~ wise, knowledgeable about the significance of the stars; spekere of sterres, an interpreter of the stars, astrologer; loken in the ~, to consult the stars; (b) a star or planet as an influence on terrestrial phenomena or human destiny; first sterres, those celestial bodies that exercise direct influence on terrestrial matters, the Ptolemaic planets; ther nis non ayen ~, no one can oppose stellar influence; (c) table ful of sterres, a star chart.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)67/32 : Tacna gewurðeð on sunne & on mone & on steorran & on eorðen byð þeoda geðrycednysse.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15221,15226 : Pelluz wes ihaten of heȝere laren; feole craftes he cuðe þa he isah in þan lufte on sterren..Pelluz..isah on þan sterre þat ferde cumen wolde uppen Ædwine kinge.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1318 : Þe mon mot beo wel storre wis [Jes-O: sturre wis].
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3553 : In þe sterres he was þe best deuine.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2037 : So was it shewed in that purtreyture As is depeynted in the sertres [vr. sterres] aboue Who shal be slayn.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.194 : In the sterres clerer than is glas Is writen..The deeth of euery man.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1303 : Nectanabus..was an Astronomien..And undertake hath..To knowe..Of certein sterres what thei mene.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)76 : Whan kyng oiþer erle com hym to a-werre, Quyk he loked in þe sterre.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1535 : Þe planetes, alle seuene, And þe cours of þe sterren [LinI: streorren], By hem he iugged alle his werren.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Corp-O 4)p.62 : Apolony..come to Bragmanon that Hiearch, sittynge in the golden trone..techynge of kynde, of maners, of course of daies and of sterres, he myȝt heren.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)7b/b : Astrologus: a speker of sterres.
- ?c1450(a1388) Wallingford Exafrenon (Dgb 67)241 : The science of the sterries is of the and of them, that is to say, not onlyne of the techynge of philosophris but also of thin awn experience.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)991/16 : Salamon..knew all the vertues of stonys and treys; also he knew the course of the sturres.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)196/10 : Hit nys non profyte to can aforhand that Is to cvm..hit is noȝt wourth the Science and Iugementes of the Sterrys.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)45/9 : A mayden..knew..the signes of the sterres.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)46/28 : God all thyng before sawe..what avayleth the science of sterres?
b
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)103 : Whi nolden hii be war? þer nis non aȝeyn star; why nolden hii hem by-þenche?
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.648,654 : The stat of realmes..is conceived of the Sterre..Bot..if men weren goode and wise..Thei scholden noght the sterres drede.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)112b/a : Goodnes of a goodlich sterre chaungiþ & abatiþ by presens of an yuele sterre..þe malice of a malicious sterre as I-tempered an abatid by presence of a goodliche sterre.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)117a/a : By vertue of sterris, elementis þat ben contrarie eueryche to oþir ben concilid.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.278 : Mars..with þe stremes of his rede sterre..Ordeyned hath..This Ram to kepe.
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)43/6,9 : Þe sterris ben cause of eche þing þat is grene or groweþ or bereþ fruit..Also sterris ben cause of mynys, metallis, and of precious stones.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)155b/a : Þe same dome is in þe first sterres & in þe seconde, wheþer þai be cometez or what so euer impressionz of þe aier.
- a1475 Bk.Quint.(Sln 73)3/27-8 : It is preued by astronomy aboue þat sterris þat haþ influence vpon þe heed and þe necke of man, as ben þe sterris of aries..and gemini, ȝeuen influence syngulerly vpon Gerapigra.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)96/25 : The wyse man..hathe dominacion ouer the power of the sterris.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)196/12 : The elementes bene gouernyt by the Serris [read: Sterris].
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)86/12 : Whenne þe nusant sterres loke noght aȝeyn..þanne ys þe mone yn clen staat.
c
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)134 : Neptanabus..makeþ hym on table Al ful of sterren..of astronomye and nygromaunce Couþe non so mychel.
1c.
In fig. and quasi-fig. uses: (a) the Virgin Mary; also, in epithets for the Virgin or for Mary Magdalene: ~ of dai, ~ of (the) se, quene of sterres; (b) a source of inspiration or guidance; also, Christ [last quot.]; (c) in prophetic utterances and apocalyptic visions: a star as emblem of Christ, the bishops of the seven churches of Asia, or the brothers of Joseph; erring sterres, the wicked; (d) in cpds. & combs.: dai ~, q.v.; lode ~, q.v.; morwe ~ [see morwe n. 2.(b)]; morwe-tid sterres, the angels; se ~, the Virgin Mary; also used as epithet.
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1250 I-blessed beo þu (Eg 613)29 : Bricht and scene quen of storre, so me liht and lere.
- c1300 SLeg.Magd.(2) (LdMisc 108)11 : Þis word Marie so is briȝhnesse and bi-tokneþe steorre of þe se.
- c1390 Heil sterre (Vrn)1 : Ave Maris stella..Heil, sterre of þe See so briht!
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.852 : Thow glorie of wommanhod..Thow hauen of refut, brighte sterre of day, Rewe on my child.
- a1400 Wyl be þow ster (Mert 248)1 : Wyl be þow, ster of se, godis moder, blessed þow be.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)45/1 : For Marie is as muche to seie as a bittur se or a sterre of þe see.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)98/8 : Whanne þou ert in tempestes of soule, bihold þe sterre and inclepe Marie.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.132 : Crist apperide unto Marye Magdalene and made her sterre of þe see.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)358/92 : Heyl radyant sterre..Heyl moder of mercy!
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)251/16 : Let vs loke to Marie, the sterre of the see.
- a1500 Mercyful quene (Arun 249)6 : Sterre of þe see..Most swete lady..deffend me fro schame.
b
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)86/20,23 : Desire to be a sterre, ȝeuinge liȝt to hem þat gon in dork nyȝt of synne wyþ þi good liuinge..and so be a sterre.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)174/12,15 : Prelates ben heuenes, sterres of god..Prelates ben sterres of god; God seyez of hem: ȝe be light of the worlde.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)172/30 : The disciples of studye..ben applied to serge out the highnesse of the clere reioyssyng sterre, that is to knowe the sterre of science.
- a1500 GRom.(Glo 42)752/6 : Prophetes..cryed for helpe and remedy & sayde, 'Thow Este schynyng sterre, gloriouse knyȝte, Visite us.'
c
- c1200 Wor.Serm.in EGSt.7 (Wor Q.29)118,124 : He vas him sulf king and steorre icleped..þe prophete þus queþind, 'Orietur stella ex iacob, an steorre schal arisen of iacob.'
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)50 : Me þuȝte..Þat elleue sterren to fote fellen me. Þis is mi sweuene.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)4039 : Dor spac balaam..Of ðe sal risen sterre brigt.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.7 : His voice was as voice of many watres & he had in his riȝth honde seuen sterres.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Num.24.17 : A sterre shal sprynge of Iacob & aȝerde shal rise of Irael, & he shal smyte þe dukys of Moab.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Jude 2.13 : Thes ben in her metys filthes..erringe sterres, or fallinge doun, to whom the tempest of derknessis is kept in to with outen ende.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.1.16,20 : He hadde in his riȝthond seuen sterres..And he puttide his riȝthond on me, seiynge..'The mysterie, or priuytee, of seuene sterris, whom thou siȝe in my riȝthalf..the seuen sterres ben aungels of seuene chirchis.'
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)8.144 : Iosep mette merueillously how þe mone & þe sonne And þe enleuene sterris halsiden hym alle.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)168/2 : Wo to hem þat gon in þe wei of Cayin..erringe sterres, to þe whuche ben reserued euerlastinge peines of þe derknes of helle.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)5.26 : Balaam..sayde ther shulde ryse a sterre Oute of Iacob and from Israell.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)92/322 : A sterre of Jacobb springe shall.
d
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)161 : He is þat soðe liht..And for þis leome is þat holie maiden cleped sa sterre.
- (a1333) Herebert Heyle leuedy (Add 46919)1 : Heyl, leuedy, se-stoerre bryht, Godes moder.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 38.7 : Who dide doun þe corner ston of it, whan me shulden preisen togidere þe morewe-tid sterres [WB(2) Gloss.: that is, aungels] & alle þe sones of god shulden ioȝen?
- c1450 Ipotis (Clg A.2)581 : The see-sterre called she ys, The ryȝth way vs to wys; Of her sprong þat swete flour, Jhesus Cryste.
2.
(a) A stylized representation of a star; (b) a star-shaped ornament; also, a star-shaped idol representing the Assyrian star god [1st quot.]; a representation of a star painted, woven, or embroidered on fabric; (c) a patch of white hair on the forehead of a horse; (d) an asterisk; ~ signe, signe of a ~; (e) ~ chaumbre, an apartment in Westminster Palace used for judicial meetings of the king and the chief members of his council, presumably named for representations of stars decorating its ceiling [cp. AF chambre des esteilles and AL camera stellarum; cp. also ME sterred chaumbre (s.v. sterred adj. (d)]; (f) her. a representation of a star with at least five wavy rays, an estoile; (g) ~ wort, an herb of the genus Stellaria, prob. the European stitchwort Stellaria holostea; lesse ~ wort, ?the lesser stitchwort Stellaria graminea; peti ground ~, buck's horn plantain Plantago coronopus.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.37 : What the Hebrewes hadde more þan þe seventy þey marked..wiþ markes þat hatte astarisces..beeþ i-schape as sterres.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.55 : A signe þat hatte asteriscus..is i-shape liche a sterre.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Lev.11.30 : Thes..among polutid thinges shulen be holde..a mouse..a stellioun, that is a werme depeyntid as with sterris, and..a liserd.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)205/25 : Sterrewort..haȝt a lytyl stalke and a quyt flour lyke to a sterre.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Amos 5.26 : Ȝe han born tabernaclis to Moloch..and ymage of ȝoure ydolis, the sterre of ȝour god, whiche ȝe maden to ȝou.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.215 : Þere was astronomie i-graued and i-peyntwiþ sterres and signes of heuen.
- (1415) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)47 : Item, a gilt cop stondynge opon a fote with a sterre anameld in þe botme.
- (1429) Will Braybroke in Ess.AST 5304 : For the chapel, an auter clooth..wt a demy ciel of blew with sterres.
- (1432) Rec.St.Mary at Hill26 : A sengil vestement of blu with sterres..Also a hole vestement of blu veluet with sterres & mones of golde.
- (1448) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 1213 : A sute of Blew imbroudyd wt gold..the orffrayes wt crownys and sterres of gold.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)152/35 : Þis brede þei put in a disshe of gold or of syluer, and aboue þat þei leye a sterre, and þat is heled with a feyre white clothe.
- (1454-5) Acc.St.Ewen in BGAS 15151 : Item, a Starre of brasse to hange yn the body of the chyrche.
- (1456) Invent.Armory in Archaeol.16126 : A Wyre hatt garnysshed ye bordour Serkyll, And a sterr of Sylver gylt, lacking a point in ye sterre.
- (1461) Acc.St.Mary Thame in BBOAJ 1057 : Item, to John Benet for the stars to hang before ye rode at Crismas, xx d.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)86/29 : Ther was..aboue the couche a courteyn of cloth of silke of diuerse..colours; And theryn was wrought by riche enbroudery the firmament with the sonne and the mone and the sterris.
- 1618(1440) Invent.Cumberworth in Peacock EChurch Furniture182 : Item, 2 pillowes of reade silke with trayfoiles of gold on the tone side, and of black silk with starres of gold on the tother side.
c
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3925 : Hys hors..bar a sterre on his for-hed; A noble sted was hee.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1348 : Thus was the hors in sori plit, Bot for al that a sterre whit Amiddes in the front he hadde.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)10b : An hors þat hath an sterr in þe front..and be cole-blak, he may leue with þat keping sefne and thyrti ȝer.
- (1456) Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.491a : John Tregoss..cam and recorde the eschaunge of ii hors..the tother a lytell lyght bay with a whyght sterre in the forhede.
- a1500 Horse(5) (Sln 1764)167 : For to knowe an hors..a wyte sterre in the forhed or a wyte feder on the nose or a wyte foote behynde..wyde nossethrelys, brode forhed..be ye best properteys.
- a1500 Sln.962 Diseases Horse (Sln 962)100 : To make a white sterre in a blak hors frount..take an hote gobet of erne and hold it before ye frounte so yat it touche not ye here and after ward pluk a wey yat here, [etc.].
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)9.13 : Orygene..to old translacioun meyngide þe translacioun of theodocyon with Astericho, þat is, with þe syngne of a sterre.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prol.2 Par.(Bod 959)52 : Wher euere ȝee seen asterichos, þat is, sterres, to schynen in þis volume, þere wite ȝee of ebru addid.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Prols.Job (Bod 959)16,18 : If þoo thingis þat vnder sterre signe ben addid þou wiþdrawe, þe most part of þi volume shal ben kut of.
e
- (1427) RParl.4.334b : En presence des plusours Seignurs du Conseill nostre dit Seignur le Roi; c'est assavoir le Duk de Gloucestre, l'Ercevesqe de Canterbirs..& John Fray, un autre Baron de l'Escheqer esteantz en le Sterre chambre de Westm.
- (1450) RParl.5.179a : In profe of which treason, the seid Duke of Suffolk, sittyng in your Counseill in the Sterre Chambre in your Paleis of Westminster, [etc.].
- (1450) RParl.5.182b : The seid Duke of Suffolk was sent for, to come tofore the Kynges Highnes and his Lordes..as touchyng to that he shuld have seid in the Sterre Chambre, [etc.].
- (1478) Indent.in Archaeol.16169 : John Kyrkeby and Miles Ades were sworen upon the hooly Evangeliste in the Sterre Chamber, before the Chaunceler of England, Tresourer, and Pryve Seale and many other noble Lords of the Kyng's Counceill spirituall and temporall, to make this standard of xxiij carrats, iij greynes and an halfe of perfite fyne gold, and half a greyne of allay.
f
- (c1460) Bk.Arms in Anc.4 (Hrl 2169)249 : [Gules, a cheveron gold with] iij sterrys [of sable].
g
- c1400 Daniel *Herbal (Arun 42)f.35v : 'Pety arthemesye,' 'pety moderwort,' 'erbe yue' .. is noþyng lik þe grete moderwort. It is dep swart grene; leuys smale & narwe, half fynger or al lengthe .. & þe leuys spredyn splat on þe grounde as a sterre & þerfore it is called stella terre minor, 'pety grond sterre.'
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)205/23,27 : Stellarya maior is an herbe men clepe sterrewort [vr. sterworte]..and it haȝt..a quyt flour lyke to a sterre..Stellaria minor is an herbe men clepe þe lesse sterrewort.
3.
(a) In surnames; also in the name of a horse; (b) in names of a brewhouse and an inn.
Associated quotations
a
- (1130) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames332 : Simon Sterre.
- (1221) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames332 : William Sturre.
- (c1273) Hundred R.Tower 1207 : Jacobo Lodsterre.
- (1305-6) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames332 : John..Starre.
- (1322) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames332 : Richard ate Sterre.
- (1327) in Reaney Dict.Br.Surnames332 : Margeria Starremon.
- (1346) in Beltz Garter384 : i dextrar' voc' Morel Sterre emp. eodem die.
b
- (1401) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.98 : [A brewhouse, now called] le Sterre.
- (1424) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.184/1364 : Item, atte vij Sterres, j barell.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1325 Ase y me rod (Hrl 2253:Brown)35 : Þe ster [Brook: þestri; read: þe ster] wes seie byfore day, þis hirdes bereþ wytnesse.
Note: New spelling
Note: Brown says MS reads þe ster; Brook says MS has þest', while its -er abbreviation is generally more rounded. Brown says þestri is incorrect.