(a) So as to cause physical pain or bodily injury, painfully, injuriously; (b) in a state of physical pain, with pain, in agony; (c) as an intensive, with verbs expressive of causing or suffering physical pain or injury, afflicting with illness, wounding, tormenting, suffering hunger or thirst, etc. [often difficult to distinguish from senses (a) & (b)]: to a painful degree, grievously; sharply, keenly, severely.

(a) Harshly, stringently, severely; also, cruelly, oppressively; bidden (commaunden) ~, to command strictly; chargen sorere, fig. lay a more oppressive burden on (a people); (b) as adv. of degree or as an intensive: to a distressing degree, sorely, very much, greatly [often difficult to distinguish from sense (a)]; assaien (tempten) ~.

(a) Loudly; emphatically, fervently, forcefully; strongly, insistently, urgently, earnestly; chargen ~, to importune (sb.) strongly, demand (sth.) stridently; crouden on ~, pressure (sb.) insistently; laughen ~, laugh heartily; leien in ore harde and ~, fig. put in (one's) oar loud and strong, join in discussion fast and furiously; (b) as adv. of degree or as an intensive [often difficult to distinguish from sense (a)]; blamen (cursen, manacen, noisen, rebuken, threten) ~.

(a) With great physical force, violently, hard; fiercely; also in proverbs; beten (fighten, smiten) ~; (b) actively, energetically; briskly, vigorously; roughly, turbulently; rapidly, swiftly; quaken (quappen, tremblen) ~, to quake (palpitate, tremble) violently; (c) assiduously, intently; slepen ~, to sleep soundly or deeply.

(a) Laboriously, arduously, with great effort; (b) with difficulty, unwillingly.

(a) Tightly, securely, close, fast; also in fig. constructions; ~ holdinge, firmly holding; (b) heavily, with great weight; -- usu. in fig. constructions; (c) deeply.

At great cost, dearly; in fig. phrases: abien ~, to pay dearly; also, pay a high price for (sth.), pay a severe penalty for; bien ~; costnen (setten) ~.

So as to cause emotional or mental distress, painfully, bitterly; sitten ~; sitten ~ at (til, to, unto) herte.

As an intensive, with verbs denoting emotional or mental state or activity or the expression thereof; deeply, intensely; keenly, bitterly, ardently; greatly, very much: (a) with verbs expressing fear, dread, fright, etc.; (b) with verbs expressing anger, annoyance, resentment, etc.; (c) with verbs expressing regret, repentance, pity, grief, sorrow, worry, etc.; (d) with verbs of sighing, weeping, lamenting, frowning, complaining, etc.; ~ moned, sorely lamented, deeply mourned; (e) with verbs of feeling or causing shame, chagrin, embarrassment, etc.; (f) with verbs of longing, craving, desiring, etc.; also, with verbs of loving, hating, delighting, etc.; (g) with verbs of wondering, dreaming, thinking, plotting, studying, learning, etc.; (h) in selected phrases: ~ fallen in a foli thought, to fall into an intensely lustful frame of mind; enclinen ~ thought, incline (someone else's) thought greatly; holden thought ther-on ~, keep (one's) thought intently on (sth.); meuen herte ~, soften (one's) heart greatly; setten herte ~, love ardently; setten herte (love) ~ on (upon), setten plesaunce ~ on, etc., set (one's) heart (delight, love) fixedly on (sb. or sth.); taken ~ to herte, take (sth.) seriously to heart; trusten ~ in, trust fully in (sth.); ben ~ set upon, be deeply intent on (sth.); ben ~ stirred bi desir; ben ~ taken with love.

As adv. of degree or as an intensive: (a) with misc. verbs: in great amount, profusely; in great numbers; to a great degree or extent, considerably; utterly, completely; fresen (ben froren) ~, to freeze hard; sinnen (forfeten, mistaken, offenden) ~, sin grievously, transgress seriously; neighen ~, come very near; (b) with adj. or ppl. as adj.: very, very much, greatly; wonder ~, exceedingly much; (c) with adv. or adverbial phrase: very much, exceedingly.