Middle English Dictionary Entry
sharp adj.
Entry Info
Forms | sharp adj. Also sharpe, ssarp(e, sarp(e, charp(e, sherp(e & (early) scarpe, scærp(e, scearp(e, shearpe, scerpe, (infl.) scærpen, scearpan, -un & (in names) shar-, serpen-, siarpen-, sierp & (errors) schrap, share, scap, sceape. |
Etymology | OE: cp. WS scearp, scærp, scarp, A scerp. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Of a weapon, tool, etc.: sharp of edge, keen; of a spear, pick, needle, thorn, etc.: sharp of point; also fig. [quot.: c1400 Bk.Mother 38/27]; (b) in proverbial or traditional comparisons; -- sometimes in fig. context; (c) in cpds. & combs.: ~ clawed; ~ egged [OE scearp-ecged]; ~ grounden, keen-edged; sharp-ground [see also grinden v.(1) 3.(a)]; ~ heded, having a sharp point; ?~ nail, nails of some kind; ~ whet, whetted sharp.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)137/8 : Forcearf hi þanne mid swyþe sceape [read: scearpe] sexe on ðry dæles.
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1137 : Hi..diden an scærp iren abuton þa mannes throte.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)1155 : Al þu scalt to-scæne mid scearpe mire eaxe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14135 : Summe heo letten ut of scipen scerpe garen scriþen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15350 : Swe [read: swiðe] scap [corrected to: scarp] wes þe pic; þe staf wes swiðe sellic.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)110/7 : Þe feond..pleieð mid sweordes, bereð ham bi þe scharp [Nero: scherpe; Cleo: schearpe] ord up on his tunge.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)79 : Þi bile is stif & scharp [Jes-O: sarp] & hoked, Riȝt so an owel þat is croked.
- ?a1300 Sayings St.Bern.(Dgb 86)758/38 : Deþ draweþ his sarpe knif.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)4084 : He stong Wið hise gisarme sarp & long.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)46/539 : Wolues him frete wiþ teþ so scharp.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.16 : He þat haþ þe swerd sharp on boþe half, I woot wel þat he woneþ in þe power of sathanas.
- 1372 Behold þe þornes (Adv 18.7.21)p.53 : Behold þe þornes myn heued han þrongen -- hou sarpe þat it ben.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)20/30 : Draw ther a lyne wt a sharp instrument.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.252 : Sche that scharpe swerdes blad Receive scholde.
- ?a1400 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Roy 17.A.26)p.117 : Bi þe scharp [vr. charpe] sikil is bitokened þe iugement þat is keruynge.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)38/27,39/2 : Þy penne to write wiþ schal be þi loue and þi wil ymad scharp wiþ drede of..peyne of helle, and þis is a kene knyf ynow to make þi penne scharp.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.632 : A wheston..maketh sharppe kervyng tolis.
- a1425 Worldes blys haue (Corp-C 8)10 : Ðin holi hefd wit ssarpe þornes was by-weued.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)100/24 : If a man take not þis scharp swerd of his wil into þe hondis of þe feend..he schal neuere be hirt wiþ deedly synnes.
- a1450 SLeg.Suppl.Bod.(Bod 779)334/10 : So is þe swete rose of a charp þorn I-nome.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)28/23 : He with a sherpe spere grete and square rode to Pynnel.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)145/13 : The worchipp of knyghthoode..was in his harte like a sharpe nedle.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)112a : Scharpe on bothe þe sydis: Anceps, bisacutus.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1923 : Hys sword..Was scharp of egge and ord.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)155/34 : Men sholde hange ouer his hede and his neke a Swerde of stelle Sarpe.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)204 : In our handis we hadden long battis, staves, and speris; Of the weren insette with the most sharpest prikes and stikynge instrumentis.
b
- c1330(?c1300) St.Patr.Purg.(1) (Auch)p.106 : Þe brigge was..as scharpe as a rasour.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Prov.5.4 : Þe tunge of hir [is] sharp as a twei-bitynge swerd.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.114 : On that oother syde a gay daggere, Harneysed wel and sharp [vr. schrap] as poynt of spere.
- c1390 ?Hilton Qui Habitat (Vrn)10/2 : Þis word of god is..scharpore þen a swerd.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)6603 : Þe delphynes..han shuldren on þe regge Vche als sharp as rasoures egge.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)811 : Synne is scharp as knyues oord.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)74/35 : His tethe..als scharpe as a suerde.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)64/3 : Ben here tonges scharper þan any rasours.
- a1475 VPhilibert (Brog 2.1)p.33 : Here eyrus wer scharpe as any thornus.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)372/163 : The femynyn gendere..Thai ar sharp as a spere.
- a1500 Timor mortis (Lngl 29)p.235 : Þou, dethe, art scharper þane þe þorne.
c
- (1277) in Salzman Building in Engl.316 : [250] sarpnail [for 3 s.].
- c1330 Body & S.(5) (Auch)p.56 : Sum were..Scharpe clawed and long nailed.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2549 : Ne no man shal vnto his felawe ryde But o cours with a sharp ygrounde spere.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.387 : Pictes..wolde somtyme wiþ scharpe egged tool [L aculeis ferreis] picche and kerue here owne bodies.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)21437 : Sharp grundin [Göt: Scharp] knife in hande he bare.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.1014 : I hadde of Hector swiche a mortal wounde, With a quarel sharpe whet & grounde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.3468 : Meneste..hent anoon a spere sharp whet, Smytynge hys hors felly in þe side.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)4223 : A quarel sharpe heded for his sake.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1604 : He tok a schaft rounde Wyth cornall scharp y-grounde.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)635 : Wyth a scharpe growndyn spere He rode to Gye.
2.
(a) Pointed; tapered; of a corner: angular; ~ bon, the breast bone; (b) of leaves: lanceolate; (c) her. having a serrated or zigzag design.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)49/17 : Hwilun of þare ceolan þæt blod utwylþ, hwilum of ȝoman, hwylum of þan scearpan banum, þe bytweorx þan breostan byþ, [etc.].
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)53/10 : Gif hyt byþ of þan scearpan bane, þa betwex þa broesta byþ, þann nym þu cealde swam and scealt and cnuca togadere, [etc.].
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)15/232 : Tech him to harpe Wiþ his nayles scharpe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)107b/b : Hy meuyþ about in þe holouȝnes of þe polus as þe scharpe corner of a dore meueþ in þe herre.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)148b/a : Þe faucoun is ful boolde & hardy, with most scharp brest.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)319a/a : Such a drope is y-schape brode byneþe and scharp aboue.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)75 : If þe fumes ben faynt and light and ful of glemyng or sharpe at boþ þe eendis or at þt oon eende, þise byn tokenys þat he is no deere chaceable.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1034 : The beste harpour..Were his nayles poynted nevere so sharpe, It sholde maken every wight to dulle To here his glee.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)820 : Hys nese, at þe poynt, es sharp and smalle.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)59a/a : Þe scharpe partie off þe herte declined sumdele towarde þe lefte side.
- a1450 Hrl.Cook.Bk.(1) (Hrl 279)38 : Take blaunchid Almaundys, & kerf hem long, smal, & scharpe.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)85/26 : Schort eres & scharp for-sake hem noȝt.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)25b/a : He is of sumen cold and haþ in his hyndermoste partie a scharp figure as it were a pyne appil.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)105/13 : His owener is full angry..The endes of whos nastrelles ben sharpe.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)210b/a : Þe leues of male and female beþ dyuers, for þe leues of þe male beþ scharpe and lasse in quantite & more narowe.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)31a : Hit haþe levis sharpe as a hert.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)158/11 : Fraxinus is an herbe þat..haȝt lewys scharpe.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)69 : Her leues ben shapen sharp lyke a spere.
- a1500 Agnus Castus (Hrl 3840)197/20 : Thys herbe hath leuys..more scherpe at the end.
c
- 1486 ?Berners Bk.St.Albans (Blades 1881)her.leaf d vii/a : Theis armys..be calde palit, crokyt, and sharpe..He berith pale crokyt and sharpe of Sable and Syluer.
3.
(a) Prickly, spiny; also in prov. comparisons; also, of woods: ?dense; (b) of cloth, clothing, etc.: rough in texture; (c) of a stone, a bone: jagged; (d) of a path, terrain, etc.: rough, uneven, rugged; of a country: mountainous; of the sea, waves: rough, tossing; ~ of wodes, ?filled with woods; (e) protuberant, raised; of the face: sharp-featured; ?angular; of a wound: rough-surfaced.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)166b/a : In..þe mounteyns of Sichia..ben sharpe wodes ful of wylde bestes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)239a/a : Þe palme be hard and scharpe aboute þe stok.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)240/6 : Men sette vppon her Heuedes chapelettes of sharpe netles.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.8.19 : Scharpe fyssches that hyghten echynnys.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)11005 : Thow art scharp as any bristeles.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)240/17 : His body was as scharp þyckenes of arowes that ȝede þrouȝ hym þat a man can noȝt lykyne ouȝt like it but ȝif it be the body..of an scharp vrchon.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)119/101 : I haue [a wife]..As sharp as a thystyll.
b
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1545 : Tydeus..A Gypon hadde, hidous sharpe and hoor, wroght of the bristels of a wylde boor.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)113b/b : Gordoun commaunded that þe place be froted with a sharp cloþ.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)104a/a : Wasche þe sore wiþ a good scharpe lee.
- a1450 12 PTrib.(3) (Bod 423)127/5 : Our Lorde comaunded that the tabernacles were hilled aboue wiþ sackes þat were sharpe in manere of heyre.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)86/8 : Wrecchid mete, scharp cloth, þis wold he þei schuld haue.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.305 : Ȝif he be ouyr proud & ouyr rebel to hys maystir, he must han a scharp brydyl of..abstinence..ȝif he be meke..ȝif hym a smoþe brydil, [etc.].
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)98/5 : Þe wyttys þat er yn þe hondes ys in atouchable & tastable stryngh, and his cours ys yn hete, yn cold, and in sharpe þing and softe.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)165/38 : He was..cloþed with scharp cloþyng made of skynnes of camelles.
c
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1137 : Sume hi diden in crucethus..& dide scærpe stanes þer inne.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6391 : Þe ssarpe stones bi þe stret is tailors were.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)42/233 : On Rokkys ryght sharp is many a man torn.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)111a/b : He..fyndiþ þe boon scharp and corrodid.
- a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)2651 : He..Made his passage toward an hih mountayn, Thoruh sharpe stonys squar as speris hed.
d
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9211 : Whærse iss all unnsmeþe get Þurrh bannkess & þurrh græfess, & sharrp, & ruhh, & gatelæs..Þær shulenn beon ridinngess nu, & effne & smeþe weȝȝess.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Bar.4.26 : My delicatis..walkiden sharp [L asperas] weies.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 3.5 : Schrewide thingis schulen be in to dressid thingis, and scharpe thingis in to playne weyes.
- c1390(1377) Death Edw.III (Vrn)33 : Scharpe wawes þat Schip has sayled.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)182b/a : Ircania..is sharp of wordes [read: woodes; L siluis], wiþ many grete wylde beestes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)182b/b : Iudea..is next to Egipt and Arabie and cuntreys þerynne ben departede wiþ sharp mounteyns.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)185b/a : Norwegia..is most sharpe and colde cuntrey, ful of mounteyns.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.920 : A she asse oon yer olde Do putte in sharp [vr. share] pastures that the beest In tender age on labour gynne bolde.
- a1450(1436) Libel EP (LdMisc 704)p.191 : Chefely kepe the sharpe narowe see.
e
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)372/177 : A scharp [Corp-C: Ssarp] face he hadde and al for-kroked.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)118a/a : Þe enpostume is scharpe in figure.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)128b/a : Enpostumes of hete..ben knowen be cause of derke redenesse & clere..and þe figure of him is scharp oþer eminent.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)234/22 : Woundes with kyttinge of the brayne panne persynge..some ben playne and euen and some ben scharpe and flawy.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)289/23 : His malice is encresed so þat it rote..þe flesche in leuynge vneuene and scharpe plottes fro the whiche a stynkynge..is arered.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)380/22 : The visage that is plat and playne, and is nat sharpe nor grete, it is ill.
4.
(a) Of physical pain, sickness, hunger, etc.: acute, intense, severe; ~ fever, a high fever; ~ hete, ?penetrating or intense heat in the digestive tract [quot.: a1400, 2nd]; ?a high fever [quot.: ?c1425, lst]; (b) of a sore: painful; of death: painful; also, violent; also, of a wound: ?severe; ~ fir, erysipelas (rendering L acer ignis or F eger fu; (c) of a whip, scourge, etc.: biting, stinging, cutting; of a gnat, fly, etc.: stinging; also, as noun: a stinging fly; ~ on bite; ~ tailed.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10950 : Heo weoren swiðe iharmede mid scærpen þan hungre.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.864 : The feend..gripeth hym by the reynes for to throwen hym in to the fourneys of helle, ther as they shul han..wepynge and wailynge, sharp hunger and thurst.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)85a/b : If it come of hete, þe ache is scharp.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)120/8 : Þei syke greuousleche & a scharp feuere falliþ.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)201/26 : In þe same placis is engendrid a subtil substaunce, & scharp hete worchiþ þeron.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)132/23 : Tokenes of þe cause of colre ben akþe and strong hete and scharpe [*Ch.(1): sharpnez], and fresche redenesse in þe eyȝe, [etc.].
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)299/32 : Schrewed humours ben brente and hurlede togedre for the grevynge of acutes, i. scharpe feueres.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)92a/b : The signys of bledynge at þe nose ben gode whanne it goiþ out..aftir greet reednes or swellyng and principaly in scharpe sijknes, whanne it comeþ from þe parties þat ben wiþinneforþ.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)9.25 : Antecrist..sall excite him in his synn to punysch him..in sharp & bittire pyne.
b
- c1400 Daniel *Herbal (Arun 42)f.81r : Erisipila is a maner of sor & it is vnderstondyn acer ignis, or execrabilis ignis [or] ignis infernalis or ignis persicus as Alphita seyth, þe sharp fir or þe cursyd fir or þe fir of helle or þe fir of Perse.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3025 : Thelamoun þei made so a-wake With new assaut of sharpe woundis kene Þat he was take & left vp-on þe grene.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)144a/b : Vlcus virulentum..ȝif þat it be rede oþer citrine passinge to redenesse and ȝif it be scharpe and bytynge þe member, it betokeniþ þat þer is straunge hete in þe sore.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)2556 : Al shal be forȝeue to þe dede For þe sharp deth þat he to ȝede.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)7118 : May he þorgh Goddis mercy Þat is yslawe wrongfully May of somme relisid be For þilke sharpe deeþ þat he Aȝeins right was broght vnto.
c
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2989 : Gnattes hird ðor ðicke up-wond, Smale to sen and sarp on bite.
- (a1392) Clanvowe 2 Ways (UC 97)76/751 : He was..beeten with scharpe scoorges til þat al his blesside boody ran on bloode.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)5960 : Þan sent godd on þaim a flie; A scharper [Frf: so sharp] sau neuer man wid eye.
- c1400 *Aelred Inst.(1) (Vrn)458 : So mote we wit þe scharpe ȝerd of discipline putte awey alle superfluites.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.3707 : Fortune..with pretence freendliheed..& vndir that falsheed, Hony shad out, sharp tailled lik a bee.
- c1450(c1400) Rev.Jul.Norwich (Add 37790)65/29 : Syn is the scharpyste scourge that any chosen saule maye be bette with.
- c1470 Bible F.(Cleve-W q091.92-C468)61/5 : Fals Iuwes toke oure Lord and..bete him with gret & strong scourgis & with sharp knottid yardis.
- a1500 Let.Alex.(Wor F.172)196 : Serpentis..with sharpe tailes..cald scorpiouns..evenflowed vnnumerable.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)5516 : A sharper scourge he shal hem sende.
5.
(a) Of words, speech: sharp, harsh, cutting; of the tongue: vituperative; (b) harsh-sounding; strident, shrill; (c) high-pitched; shrill, piercing.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)10/23 : Lingua tua concinnabat [dolos]..Heo heou mid hearde worde ond [chid]de þa wrecches; Scearp heo was ond kene ond cwemde þen deofle Mid alle þen sun[nen].
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)44/9 : Me schulde dutten his mud nawt wið scharpe sneateres ah wið hearde fustes.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.136 : Þat þe grete hail shal falle..bitokneþ þe sharppe wordes..oure lorde shal seie.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.14 : Which a sharp word..Iesus, god and man, Spak in repreeue of the Samaritan.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)191 : Foolis schulden drede þe scharpe wordis of austyn.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)240/9 : Sche fonde rith schort cher & had rith scharp langage.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)44/23 : Chastise hym that trespascez wyth scharpe reprouynge of wordys.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)107/9 : Þou shuldist raþer amende him paciently..bi meke schewyng of þe trewthe þan bi scharp enformyng.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)151/6 : Ner what sharpe and bittyr woordys may I haue to repreeue your ingratitude against me?
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6810 : Wiþ sharpe wordes of þi tonge Seie to hem sharply euere among.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.163 : Þe longage of þe Norþhumbres..is so scharp..and vnschape þat we..may þat longage vnneþe vnderstonde.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)840 : Wyth a schrylle scharp schout þay schewe þyse worde.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.36/12 : The forsaid mayde began with a sharpe voyce to crye.
- a1500(a1400) Libeaus (Lamb 306)798 : He..can crye With vaise sharpe and shille.
c
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2417 : Of Musique also the note In mannes vois or softe or scharpe, That fond Jubal.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)48b/a : Þe voys of ȝonge beestis is scharpere þan þe voys of olde, And þe voys of wymmen is scharpere þan þe voys of men, And þe voys of alle beestis is scharpere in ȝouþe þan in elde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)333b/b : Scharpe voices beþ ful hihe.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)205 : Amphyoun..The Cyte bylt..Be vertue..of the werbles sharpe That he made in Mercuries harpe.
- (1433) ?Phillip Serm.GF (BodLTh d.1)255 : Set ista lira habuit quinque sonos, scil. scharpe, grete, qwase, swete & amene.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.5795 : Onto helle for his wiff he ran, Hir to recure with soote touchis sharpe Which that he made vpon his heuenli harpe.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1202 : Herde I pleyen on an harpe That sowned bothe wel and sharpe, Orpheus ful craftely.
- c1475 Court Sap.(Trin-C R.3.21)2055 : She taught these nootes..Whyche hygh, whyche lowe, whyche sharp and whyche ys dulle.
6.
(a) Of life, labor, an experience, etc.: difficult, hard, trying; of an attack, a battle, strife, etc.: furious, violent, bitter; ~ shour(es; (b) of punishment, judgment: harsh, severe; of a confessor, a master: stern, strict; of the face: stern-looking; (c) of penance, abstinence, etc.: rigorous, austere; of food, rations, goods: scant, limited; (d) unpleasant, disagreeable.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)165/11 : Þe oþer del is zuo þet hi makeþ þane way of perfeccion to nimene and þet lyf þet zuo moche sseweþ ssarp an dreduol to chiese.
- 1372 A sory beuerech (Adv 18.7.21)2 : In þis sarpe time þis brewing hat me brouth.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)958 : Wan þay y-seȝe þat þes frensche men ȝyue hem so scherp a schour, Faste a-wayward gunne þay flen.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1287 : Assemblen alle the folk of oure kynrede And make a werre..sharp on this citee.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2003 : Ther say I..The open werre with woundes al bibled; Contek, with blody knyf and sharp manace.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)7753 : In a hard stour þai samen mett; Ful scharp it was..and snell.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1064 : After sharpe shoures ben victories.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)2 : The lyf so short, the craft so long to lerne, Th'assay so hard, so sharp the conquerynge.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)89/14 : Þe world is more perlious to creaturis whan it is esy þan whan it is scharpe.
- a1450 Spaldyng Katereyn þe curteys (BodR 22)p.546 : Schere a-way charp schowres þat schap vs to schrik.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)298 : The Romaynes..hade many sharpe shoures; Thai were assailed sore a-bowte.
- a1450 The Fader of Heuene (Sln 2593)20 : Lytyl child..many on is þe scharpe schour to þi body is schape.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)817/24 : Sir Launcelot..suffird and endured many sharpe showres..and lyved by fruyte and suche as he myght gete and dranke watir two yere.
- ?a1475 LDirige(2) (Dc 322)554 : Why, as god, do ye pursewe Me that suffre these sharpe shoures?
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)73/29 : The Creatour..yevith þem othirwhile sharpe aduersitees.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)7472 : He shulde be redy euery hour And drede of deth þe sharpe shour.
- 1543(1464) Hardyng Chron.B (Grafton)p.127 : After long rest commeth sharpe labour.
b
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)9103 : Sa sare and sharpe martiring was neuer sene on siche a king.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.16/11 : He..ȝaue sharpe sentence aȝenste contrary malyngnours.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)44/20 : He þat is my confessowr in ȝowr absens is rygth scharp vn-to me.
- (1444) Case King Council in Seld.Soc.35107b : Other like misdoers to doo and attempte like riott or worse in tyme comyng on lesse than sherpe and due punisshement and coreccion be had and doon, [etc.].
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)43/ 29,44/12 : The mastir..ought to be sharpe to them whan they mysdoo themselfe..he shulde not at all tymes make a sharpe visage.
- a1500 As Reson Rywlyde (Dc 78)112 : When he schall deme, þen schall ye curse; ye canne not hyde you from his scharpe schoure.
- a1500 Chartier Quad.(2) (Rwl A.338)172/20 : The diuine iugementis hath yevyn full egre and sharpe punycion.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)39/20 : To such folke shal be yevyn right a scharpe and a harde iugement, namely suche as sitt in the high seeges.
c
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)66/7 : Ne þe vertu of abstinence is not worth, if it be in such wise þat it be scharpir þan þe bodi may suffre.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)7a : Þay most ben vsed to scarste of mete and drynke, þat is to say, to schorte and scharpe meles.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)16/26 : Tak scharp disciplynys for þe loue of god.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)251/10 : Þre þinges longen to..widowhode..Þe þridde þing is scharpe metes and drynkes.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)136/2 : The secunde degre of sobirnes is..to be wel apayed with scharp liflode, þat is, with homly bred, with þinne ale, with commune potage.
- (c1465) Stonor1.68 : God knoweth full evell penyworthes thei had and sharp.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.2.2b : A partie of attif life lith in grete bodili dedes..as gret fastyng..and oþer scharp penaunce doynge, for to chastice þe flesch.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.305 : Ȝif he be ouyr proud & ouyr rebel to hys maystir, he must han a..brydyl of scharp abstinence.
d
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.6.21 : Hou sharp ful myche is wisdam to vn-wise men.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Co.(Manly-Rickert)A.4328 : This millere hadde a sharp conclusioun Vpon his argument of herbergage.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)207/9 : Trouth..his begynnynges ben hard and sharpe to suffre, but the yssue is agreeable and fructuouse.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)18/13 : Ther is no mysery more sharpe thanne..a man to suffur age and pouerte bothe at ones.
7.
(a) Of an emotion, a feeling, etc.: strong, keen, intense, great; of emotional pain: acute, severe; of a sigh: intense, vehement; (b) fierce, ferocious; irascible, acrimonious; also, angry [quot.: c1384]; ?also, of strength: great [quot.: a1300]; ~ o mod, angry in mind, enraged; (c) eager, ready; ~ biginninge, an eager, enthusiastic beginning.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)63/28 : Þis fuhel pellican..sleað ofte wið bile of scharp [Nero: schearpe; Cleo: schearp] wreððe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.130 : This sorwe..shal ben heuy and greuous and ful sharp and poynaunt in herte.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1759 : My corage..is so sharp and kene.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8518 : Þe arwes were temptacyons, And sharpe sterynges, and felons.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)850 : Scharpe schame to hym schot.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1310 : When hit watz schewed hym so schene, scharp watz his wonder.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)955 : The kyng lift vp his hede And abrayd with sharpe sighes smerte.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.426 : Troilus..as the fir he brende For sharp desir of hope and of plesaunce.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1201 : So were his throwes sharpe and wonder stronge.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1269 : I fele now so sharp a newe peyne.
- c1460 Tree & Fruits HG (McC 132)140/19 : He þat wille be a virgine..must..first refreyne þe kyndly stiringes of corrupcioun of nature and so destrue þe first sawtes of kynde, wich ben right scharp in þe begynnyng.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)165/88 : For whos passyon þer xal be-ffalle Swych a sorwe bothe sharpe and smerte þat as a swerd perce it xalle ȝevene thorwe his moderys herte.
b
- a1300 A Mayde Cristes (Jes-O 29)69 : Hwer is..Ector, wiþ his scharpe meyne, & cesar, riche of wordes feo.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3577 : So wurð he wroð, o mode sarp.
- (a1382) WBible(1) Pref.Jer.(Bod 959)7.82 : Abacuk, a strong wristler & a scharp [WB(2): myȝty; L rigidus], stondiþ vp on his warde.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Mac.14.27 : And so the kyng, maad sharp [L exasperatus]..wrote to Nychanore.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)265b/a : Also boores beþ scharpe and most feerse whanne þey beeþ in loue.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.50 : The werbles of his resownyng harpe Appese dyde the bitter wyrdys scharpe.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)382/13 : He that hath high shulders he is sharpe and of yll feith [Lambeth: sharpe nature and vntreuthe].
- 1486 ?Berners Bk.St.Albans (Blades 1881)leaf c viii/b : An aspare hawke..is moost asper and sharpe in all thynges that belong vnto hir of any other hawkys.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)92/22 : The thynner þe heeres ben, the more gilefull, sharp, ferefull, and of wynnyng covetous, it sheweth.
c
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.791 : For though thise men for love hem first torende, Ful sharp bygynnyng breketh ofte at ende.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)21b : For no doute he is scharper and bolder to fiȝte þat woot him self wel armed on heed and on brest þan he þat is as it were naked.
- ?a1450 Poem Hawking (Yale 163)221 : Loke that she be furste ryȝth sharpe Or that thu yeve it hure to ete.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.22.15a : For ȝif þou haue þis entente, hit schal make þe ai quik and scharp in þi trauail.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)4.313 : He was..moore scharpe and apte to an answere withowte deliberacion then with premeditacion.
8.
(a) Of weather, a tempest: violent, severe; of rain: hard; ~ shour(es; also fig.; (b) of wind: brisk, strong, cold; of winter: cold.
Associated quotations
a
- c1390(1377) Death Edw.III (Vrn)21 : An Englisch Schip..best dorst byde a scharp schour And oþer stormes.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.409 : After sharpe shoures..moste shene is þe sonne.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3406 : The stormes and þe sharp shour Of her wepyng was somwhat ouergon.
- (?c1422) Hoccl.ASM (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)556 : Deeth, as tempest sharp & violent..hem shal vexe.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)183/6 : Þu wost wel þat I send sum-tyme many gret reynys & scharp schowerys.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)44/36 : God..made..Shynyng sunne and scharpe schoure.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.20 : In ver..nature first begynneth hir enpris, That quhilum was be cruell frost and flude And schouris scharp opprest in many wys.
b
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)2 : This same yere was a Riht Sharpe Wynter.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3600 : He..Scherys with a charpe wynde ouer þe schyre waters.
- c1475 Abbrev.Trip.SSecr.(UC 85)348/30 : The wyndes ben sharpe, the leuys fallyn downe, and..the bestes rasoorten to cauys or dykes for the grete colde.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)155/9 : Colde waxith myghti, wyndys waxe scharpe.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)33/356 : All is ouer cast..and many wynd blast ffull sharp.
9.
(a) Swift, fast-moving; ~ haste, great haste; (b) ?quickly or easily traversed.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)270a/b : Spiþeres..beþ scharpe and swifte of moeuynge.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)475 : Þat fowle..wyrle out on þe weder on wyngez ful scharpe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)3a/a : Life is short..tyme is sharpe.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)238/30 : Þei weryn robbyd & haddyn but lityl mony to bryng hem hom, wherfor þei must nedys makyn þe scharpar jurneys.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)444 : Scharp, or delyver..velox.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)63a : Þe wateres ben depe and scharp of cours in rennynge.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)76b : Schot and castynge of alle manere wepoun is hardere and scharpere, rennynge þan stondinge stille; and þerfore scheteres & casteres moot haue large space.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)248 : Many a tronchon of speres and sheldes..the sharpe streme bar down the ryver.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1780 : Then he shope hym to ship in a sharp haste.
b
- c1450 Marion ABC (Arun 168)66 : Goode lady..So scoure þe wayes þat be so full of drede, So scant, so scharpe make þem to me in brede That I all easly may passe thoroughe them clere.
10.
(a) Intelligent, keen, incisive; of a person: quick-witted; also, ?alert, vigilant [last quot.]; (b) of vision: acute; piercing, penetrating; (c) accurate.
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)94/12 : Seo halige ræding..lærð his modes andgit, þæt hit þa scearpere byð.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)79/23 : Ȝie beswikeð mi folk mid ȝeure euele forbisne, and mid ȝeure scarpe witt.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)12/301 : Þer was..a scharp mon of wit To plede aȝeynes holy writ.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)63/95 : Al hasty lernyng..And þe scharpe maner of lernyng Is þi [God's] grace and þi ȝiuyng.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.453 : Goodes of nature of the soule ben good wit, sharp vnderstondynge, subtil engyn, [etc.].
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4744 : Grostest..loued moche to here þe harpe, For mannys wytte hyt makyþ sharpe.
- (1402) Topias (Dgb 41)p.113 : It nedith not to sharpen oure clerkes, for frere Dawe is scharpe ynowȝ for al sich enditinge.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5741 : Licour..makiþ wittis scharp.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)1107 : Þe childe was ful sharp of wit.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)34/21 : Mennys vnderstandynge schulde be the more scharpe and subtill to finde dyuers exposicions.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)56/3 : Man..schulde haue had..his witt, his skil, his vndirstondyng, so scharp & so quyk, þat wiþouten lettyng he myȝt conceyue al þe clergye of þe worlde.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)73.132 (v.2:p.50) : Heretikes .., sharp in fraudelent eloquencie [L acuti fraudulenta eloquentia] and ful of the devels kunnyng, kepten her residence and her moste abidyng.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)220/15 : The colerike by kynde he sholde be lene of body..of sharpe witte, wyse and of good memorie.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)45/32 : For the preest is as a sharpe messaungere of the victorious Lorde.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.371 : Þe secounde age of manhode is scharp of siȝt as a goot.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)141b/b : Foules ben..swift of meuynge and scharp of siȝt.
- ?c1400 Sloane SSecr.(Sln 213)12/4 : Whose eyghne meues swiftely and his sight es scharpe, he es gylus, vnfaithfull and theuysch.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)331 : There myghte men the royal egle fynde, That with his sharpe lok perseth the sonne.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.96 : Þe egle of alle foulys..in syghte is sharpest.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)7/9 : Hir lokyng was merveylously sharpe.
c
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)40/173 : A sharppe schote I shote; þer of I xal not fayll.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)41/181 : With þi sharp shetyng his deth hath he take.
11.
(a) Spicy, hot, biting in taste; also, pungent of odor or taste; (b) sour, dry-tasting; also used of the tongue.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.352 : Wo was his cook but if his sauce were Poynaunt and sharp.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)313a/b : Of sauours ben eighte dyuers: swete, vnctuous, salte, bitter, scharp, sour, lasse sour, and ȝit lasse soure.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)315a/b : Þinges with scharp [L acuta] sauour byteþ and ben ful hoote and druye.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)150b/b : Neiþer he schal not ete..scharpe þingis as garlek, vyneger, oynouns, peper, and sucche oþer.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)100/35 : The natural is an humour..scharpe in smell and in sauour.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)346 : Men..which mowe not chese forto forbere or leve kene meetis and spicis -- as garlek, leke, oynouns, pepir and such oþere scherpe þingis, [etc.].
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2138 : But in the iiijth degre mater hote and drye with a subtile substance, sharpe taste is therby.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)30a/19 : Forbede hym..cole, lekys, chese, harys, maulardes, peper, and all þing sharpe.
b
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)255/17 : Wið oman..cnuca hy þane swiþe wið scearpun ecede.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)134a/a : Be his drinke..or soure or sharpe wyne [L vinum acerbum].
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)75 : Loke wel þat þe comyn be wel soked in sharp vynegre.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)80 : Mak a sherp sauce of wyne, water, and ale.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)52b/a : His mouþ is bittir..his tunge is scharp & drie.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)24a/4 : Let it be liȝt wyn sherpe and wele evaterd.
12.
(a) Physiol. Acrid, corrosive; also used of a humor in trees; ?also, error for shep n. [quot.: a1400]; (b) of a medicine: strong; irritating, corrosive, caustic, astringent; also fig.; (c) of a medicinal herb, etc.: effective; ~ nemel [OE scearp-numol], efficacious.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)79b/b : If ache is in þe heed..scharpe humours greueþ þe stomak.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)97b/b : In a posteme þat comeþ of red colera..grete ache & prickynge for þe matiere is scharp.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)208b/b : In somme trees þe humour is scharpe and of hoot and of druye compleccioun.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)290a/b : Out of eueriche wounde þat þe leoun makeþ..renneþ scharp and soure blood.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)304/22 : Or þou sette hem [water leeches] vpon a man, þei schulen be kept al adai fastynge, & þan þou schalt ȝeue him a litil scharp blood [L sanguis agni] for to ete.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)83b/b : Causez of þise vlcerez beþ shrewed humours colric, acute, i. sharp [Ch.(2): scharpe colrik humours], mordicatyue.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)74b/b : Scharpe reumes and sotile þat fallen to þe yȝen schulde ben constreined.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)144a/b : Galien seiþ þat scharpe blode allonelye corrodeþ not fleische þat is vlcerate but it corrodeþ also fleische þat is hole.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)73a/a : Yuele woundis ben þo to whom scharpe humouris rennen.
b
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)87/17 : If þat þe medicyn..make þe wounde holower þanne he schulde be, þanne is medicyn to scharpe.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.304 : Shrifte shope sharpe salue and made men do penaunce For her mysdedes.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.6.229 : Some syke folk ben holpen with lyghte medicynes, and some..with sharpe medicynes.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)134/28 : Þe comune curacioun of apostemes..is fulfilled..in staunchynge..wiþ scharpe clisteries.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)297/2 : One maner, wiþoute kyttinge, by puttinge yn of scharpe medecynes and of corrosyues.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)410/14 : Brenne ham with a poyntede cauterie or wiþ a sharpe medecyne.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)64/5 : Yf it be in a colerik signe, me most make sharper the medcyne.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)30b/16 : A fester behowith..a medysyn brennyng and sharpe.
c
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B)95/7 : Þeos wyrt is swiðe scearpnimol wið þæt attor.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)105 : Þe asshen of anys rotis ben more sharpe in werkyng þan ben þe asshen of þe silf herbe.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)117 : The more þou cast in drye figes and hony, þe sharpere is þe senuey.
13.
Of colors: ?bright, distinct; of cinnabar: bright-colored, bright red.
Associated quotations
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.331 : Also þere beeþ i-founde reed precious stoones, and þere is i-founde scharpe fermyloun [L minium acutissimum].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)285b/b : Þe malschrag is a naisshe worme and..haþ many colours and ful scharpe by daye.
14.
(a) In surnames; (b) in place names.
Associated quotations
a
- (1184) Pipe R.Hen.II130 : Ailmer Scharp.
- (1198) CRR(1) 1181 : Willielmus Sierp.
- (1222) Domesday Bk.St.Paul in Camd.6941 : Ricardus sarp.
- (1233) Close R.Hen.III251 : Davidus Sherp.
- (1255) Hundred R.Tower 127 : Alex' Sarp.
- (1278) Close R.Edw.I456 : William Sharpspere.
- (1303) in Rymer's Foedera (1816-69)1.959 : Johannes Sharpe.
- (1316) Name in LuSE 35130 : De Scharbreton.
- (1317) Pat.R.Edw.II18 : Robert Sherpberd.
- (1327) Sub.R.Som.in Som.RS 392 : Walterus Sherp.
- ?c1382 Survey Hatfield in Sur.Soc.3275 : Johannes Sharpharowe.
b
- (1197) EPNSoc.3 (Bedf.& Hnt.)165 : Serpenho.
- (1212) in Ekwall PNLan.47 : Charples.
- (1267) EPNSoc.3 (Bedf.& Hnt.)165 : Syarpenhou.
- (1296) Name in LuSE 35130 : Scharptona.
- (1359) in Wallenberg PNKent273 : Sharppenesse.
- (1420) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.351 : [The same were seised in like manner of 1 acre of several pasture at] Sharpegore [in Milford and Laverstock between the prior's meadows called] Sherpgoremede [and] Canonmede.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)146.6 : Resayfand lord debonere men bot mekand the synful til the erth; If thou will cum till vndir-standynge of pryuetes be mylde for synful men that ere sharpe and vnmyld and contrary he mekis til the erth that thai hafe na sauoure bot of erthly thynge.
Note: Modify gloss
Note: Probably belongs in sense 7.(b) with gloss "?unforgiving, uncompassionate"--per MLL