Middle English Dictionary Entry
sect(e n.
Entry Info
Forms | sect(e n. Also sekt(e & (error) secke; pl. sectes & (error) seytis. |
Etymology | OF secte, AF siecte & L secta. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A class of people or things, sort, kind; (b) a species, race; a ieu of ~, ?of Jewish extraction or adherence; (c) a bodily form, likeness; in oure ~, in our likeness, in human flesh; (d) those of a certain way of thinking or acting, esp. as parties in a controversy or lawsuit; ?also with punning reference to 1.(e) [quot.: c1395]; (e) sex, gender.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1572 : The wordes ben of sondri sectes, Of evele and eke of goode also.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.237 : Many tyme god hath ben mette amonge nedy peple; Þere neuere segge hym seigh in secte of þe riche.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)14.258 : Lecherye loueth hym [poor man] nouȝt..þough sleuthe suwe pouerte..Mischief is his maister, and maketh hym to thynke Þat god is his grettest helpe..And his seruaunt, as he seith..And where he be or be nouȝte, he bereth þe signe of pouerte, And in þat secte owre saueoure saued al mankynde. For-thi al pore..may claymen..heuene-riche blisse.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)16.78 : Ac me is loþ, þow ich latyn knowe, to lacky eny secte [vr. man] For alle we ben breythrene, þauh we be diuersliche cloþede.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5745 : Eke in the same secte ar sette All tho that prechen forto gete Worshipes, honour, and richesse.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.849 : He..Gadred meyne of his condicioun, Of eueri sect to make hymseluen strong, Theuys, robbours of eueri regioun.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.1477 : Fals semblaunt with a sobre face Of alle sectes stonde ferthest out of grace.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)416 : Þe bischop..Be þis myracle..coniecte Þat he [Cuthbert] sulde be of haly secte.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)895 : I shall nat fro yow hyde What maner pepyll they were & of what secte..Ther were..famous doctours..Perpetuell prestes and dyscrete confessours..Fysshers of fowles & lovers of clennes.
b
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4859 : [Thynne: Bycause al is corrumpable] And faile shulde successioun, Ne were their generacioun Oure sectis strene forto saue.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)120.20 (v.2:p.307) : Narius was the sone of a rygh wurthi man whos name was Affricanus, a iew of sect [L sed Iudei].
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton)f.73va : Thys Kynge Salamon louyd ouermoche wymen & specially straunge wymen of other sectes [L (Vulg.1 Kings 11.1): alienigenas], as Kyng Pharaos doughter and many other of the gentyles.
c
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.498 : Þere þi-self ne þi sone no sorwe in deth feledest; But in owre secte was þe sorwe and þi sone it ladde.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)8.137 : The þridde day þer-after, thow ȝedest in oure secte [vr. siȝt; B: sute]; A synful marye þe seyh.
- c1400 PPl.B (Trin-C B.15.17)5.487 : Do mercy to vs alle..God..þat..wiþ þi selue sone in oure secte [Ld: sute; C: secke] deidest On good fryday for mannes sake.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1171 : For which heere, for the wyues loue of Bathe, Whos lyf and al hir secte god mayntene In heigh maistrie..I wol..Seye yow a song.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1382 : Yif that I live, thy name shal be shove In English that thy sekte shal be knowe! Have at thee, Jason! now thyn horn is blowe!
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)207 : Wherfore, concludyng, alle men of that secte Say how this science nys holy in effecte.
e
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)100/17 : The goddes in pitie herde hir deuout preyre; þan sodeinly þei chaungide þe ij bodies in-to oone, þe which were of ij sectes [vr. seytis; F sexes].
2.
(a) An organized system of religious belief and practice, esp. a non-Christian faith; also, Christianity itself, viewed from a pagan perspective; also, the body of adherents of such a religion; ~ saturnine, the Jewish faith (believed to have been heralded by the conjunction of the planets Jupiter and Saturn); bringen in ~, to introduce a religion; (b) a group within an organized religious body which adheres to a special set of doctrines and practices, a branch of a religious faith; (c) a religious order within the Christian church; the body of members of such an order; a body of clerics, as clerks, canons, etc.; also, one of the broader categories of believers within the Christian church, as the clergy, laity, etc. [quot.: a1500 Consideryng]; (d) a group within an organized religious body which adheres to doctrines or practices generally regarded by the larger body as unorthodox or heretical; also, the system of beliefs of such a group, a heresy; bringen in (up) sectes, leden in sectes, to introduce heresies.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.129 : Þat false prophete Machometys..made Egipte and Affrica sogett, and..brouȝt yn þe false lawe and secte [L sectam] of Saracins.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.41 : After þe deþ of Machometus, þat cursede secte encresede so faste þat it drouȝ myȝti men of Pers to þe corsed law of þe Arabes.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1643 : In thilke time..Began the Secte upon this Erthe, Which of believes was the ferthe..The hihe god..On Habraham the ground..leith.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.17 : Hym lakked noght that longed to a kyng As of the secte of which that he was born.
- a1400 PPl.C (Corp-C 293)15.194 fn. : Iob was a paynym & plesede god a prys; And aristele al-so sewede þe same secte, And lad ful holy lyf.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)209/36 : Men mosten nedes þat ben in company dwellyng among so many a dyuerse folk of dyuerse secte & of beleeve.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)54/4 : Þe folk of þat cuntree er called Samaritanes..þai er fallen in errours and haldez a secte by þam self, and a lawe diuerse fra þe lawe of Cristen and of Iewes, Sarzenes, and Payenes.
- c1425 Mirror LM&W (Hrl 45)139/7 : Reneyeng of þe lawe of Crist is when a man leueþ þe lawe of cristen men and turneþ to þe lawe of..Iewes or eny oþer secte.
- a1450 St.Kath.(3) (Richardson 44)27 : We knowe wel þat alle þe sectes of hethen religion & rites & customs of her holy obseruaunces are spronge of resonable begynnynges.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1432 : I sigh Upon a piler stonde on high..Hym of secte saturnyn, The Ebrayk Josephus, the olde, That of Jewes gestes tolde.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)4.660 : I wil preue..That your secte, whiche ȝe crysten clepe, May not stande.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)3.1461 (v.1:p.56) : There thou clepist our sect [viz., Christians] 'supersticion,' Thou mysvsist thi termes: sey 'religion'!
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)91.34 (v.2:p.111) : We wil nat defendyn you to associen [L (Bede, HE 1.25): societis] to your sect and to your felauship [L (Bede, HE, 1.25): fidei uestrae religionis] as many as ye kun getyn.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)14/20 : Euery secte & dyuersite of namys & mannys lyf schulde alle-wey dyfferryn & reuerencyne godheed..& worschipyne hit wt sum righte or synguler cerymonye.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)334 : Cristis secte is made pore, & þise foure ben enhaunsed hiȝe, so þat, but if crist helpe his secte, þe foure new wolen brynge it a-down.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Pseudo-F.(Dub 245)301 : It semeþ to many men þat a secte is a newe ordre bi newe patroun & newe lawe, as was þe secte of cristen men, and crist haueþ ful autorite to make siche a blessid secte for hym & hise þat comen aftir.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)448 : Þes ordris newe brouȝt in bringen wiþ hem a newe bileue, þat noon of cristis sect wiþ-outen hem lyueþ so hoolyly as þey.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.252 : Euery secte -- Iew, paynym, Sarcyn -- fleth to sweryn falslyche be his godis name as mest inconuenient.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 26.5 : For vp the moost certeyn secte [L sectam] of oure religioun, I lyuede a Farisee.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.175 : Alexandria..regnede nyne ȝere among þe Iewes, and slowȝ and outlawede meny Iewes by counsaille of þe Pharisees: þe secte of hem bygan at þat tyme.
- c1390 I wolde witen (Vrn)61 : Vche secte hopeþ to be saue, Baldely bi heore bi-leeue, And vchon vppon God heo craue; Whi schulde God wiþ hem him greue?
c
- a1400 PPl.C (LdMisc 656)17.293 : Men soȝt al sectes [vr. sektis] of sustren & of breþeren.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)38/15 : But oure newe feyned sectis..maken greet bildingis þere leest nede were, as mounkis, chanouns, & freris, for peple schulde drawe to parische chirchis & here her seruice þere.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.67 : Þes sectis of newe ordris helpen not þus þer breþeren.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)446 : Þes foure sectis newe brouȝt in, as emperour clerkis, munkis & chanouns & þes foure ordris of freris, disturblen moost þis fiȝtinge chirche.
- a1500 Consideryng effectually (Cmb Hh.4.12)2 : Consideryng..the gret diuersite Of sectys conteynyd in the church present..Presthode and religion euer to be continent; The layfee in sposayll; the solitary..Euer to be contemplatyf..I said..'Alas, Quid eligam ignoro.'
- ?1536(1402) Jack Upland (Gough)192/38 : Why is a frere apostata, that leaueth his order and taketh another secte, sith there is but one religion of Christ?
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)277 : A Menour..seiþ þat her sekte is sykerest on erþe, And ben kepers of þe keye þat Cristendome helpeþ.
d
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Gal.5.21 : The workis of the fleisch ben..fornycacioun..wraththis..dissenciouns, sectis or heresyes, enuyes..and lyche thingis to thes.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 24.5 : We han foundun this man..stiringe sedicioun..and auctour of seducioun of the secte of Nazarens.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)12/276 : Justine..Wiþ heretykes of þe secte of Arrian..On Ambrose maden a lesyng.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.349 : This branche, Which proude Envie hath mad to springe, Of Scisme, causeth forto bringe This new Secte of Lollardie.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)194a/a : Venicia is a prouynce of Italia..and suffred with ynne here boundes no secte abyde þat contraried to goddes lawe.
- c1400 Bible SNT(1) (Selw 108 L.1)2 Pet.2.10 : Wycked men..dredeþ noȝt to bryngen in sectes blasphemynge God.
- c1400 Bible SNT(2) (Dc 250)2 Pet.2.1 : Ther were..also fals prophetus a-mong þe folke..þat bryngen vppe newe sectis (þat is, newe religyon & newe gyses) of dampnacyoun.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)177/15 : God..dampnede hem..þat..dreden not..to lede in sectis.
- (1425) RParl.4.290b : Hit was..promised that execution of yche mater shold have ben don..for syche materz of Lollardie and of theire Secte, as in that Parlement was declared.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)69 : Syr John Oldecastell was y-dampned ffor..an heretyk..he and his affynytes, that weren off his secte..conspirden..the deeth off the kyng..the kyng and his lordes..tooke many off her preestes and clerkes..that weren off her sectes.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)497 : Y schal now reherce..what maners of dyuerse yuel and vntrewe sectis of Cristen men weren in eeldir daies.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)501 : Of manye mo heretik sectis than of these here now rehercid a man may here.
- a1450 Lond.Chron.Hrl.3775 (Hrl 3775)293 : Þat same nyght the mayre toke John Burgate, carpenter, and many oþer of the same sekt and consentyng to the forsayde syr John.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)140/5 : All maner of cristen men..be dyuyded in diuers parties & sectys and holden diuers opiniouns of heresyes.
- a1475 Against Lollards (Vsp B.16)96 : Where shuld he oþer route or ride..Not hardi in no place to abide, for alle þe sekte of lollardie.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)467 : He is opyn anticrist, & no part of cristis chirche, & ȝif he & his secte be voyde fro cristis lawe..þanne þe fend haþ a tokene to dwelle homely wiþ þes men.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.284 : Anticrist schal don men halwyn..Sonday for to drawyn cristene peple to his secte.
3.
(a) A body of followers, a train, retinue; a faction, party; (b) a system of philosophy; also, the body of adherents of a particular philosophical school; bringen up ~, to found a school of philosophy; (c) med. a particular system of medical theory and practice; the body of adherents of such a system; the bok of sectes, a treatise by Galen on theoretical systems of medicine, commonly entitled in L De Sectis or Liber Sectarum; commentour of the sectes, Johannes Alexandrinus, the author of an introduction to and commentary on Galen's De Sectis.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)17.98 : Good [read: God is] hus grettest help..He is seruaunt al-way..and of hus secte boþe.
- (1451) Paston2.61 : My mayster prayeth yow..that ther be atte Lenn a sufficiaunt fellawshep to-gedyr, and þat ther be madde a grette noyse vp-on the Lord Scales..and for all thoo þat arne of þat sekte.
- a1500 Parton.(1) (Add 35288)4544 : He..slowe mony on, wyth-owten dowte, Off hys secte [UC: syde] and hys kynredde.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.359 : Aristotil..brouȝte up þe secte þat is i-cleped Peripatetica, for he used to dispute wandrynge and walking.
- c1450(a1400) Lavynham Treat.7 Dead.Sins (Hrl 211)20/26,28 : Hit faryth be þo men þt ȝyuen hem to lustyhed as it dede be a certayn secte of philosofris..Þer were to sectis of philosofris in þe cyte of athenis.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)47/25 : Of his dede er diuers oppynyons, for oon sect þat er namyd ypatetiks affermes þat he steigh to þe emperien heuene yn þe semynge of fir.
c
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)72/14 : Sum men..seien þat water putrifieth lymes þat ben woundid..& summe oþere men gouernen alle maner of sike men þat ben woundid wiþ..watir..I seie þat þese boþe sectis erren in her opynyouns.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)2b/a : Sectes which ranne yn my tyme among worchers of þis crafte with oute þe two generale þat thryueþ or wexeþ ȝet..of lewedmen & of emperic men..war 5.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)42a/b : Þe parties of him..be nempned aforne be Alisaunder, þe commentour in þe boke of sectes.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)10/2 : Ȝit þryuen..lewde men and..emperiqes or charmers, reproued of Galien in þe Book of Sectes.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)28/26 : After þe Comentour of þe Sectes, in euery membre 9 þinges were to be seyne.