Middle English Dictionary Entry
rīden v.
Entry Info
Forms | rīden v. Also rid(e, rẹ̄den, ried(e, (early) ridan, ridæn. Forms: sg.3 rīdeth, etc. & rīdiȝt, rī̆d(des, rī̆t, ritte, right, riȝt, riȝth, riȝdt, riht, rẹ̄deth; pl. rīdeth, etc. & rī̆ddes, riȝt(te & (error) rydy; ppl. rīding(e, etc. & rīdant; p.sg.2 (early) ride; sg.3 rōd(e, rō̆dde, (N) rād(e, raid & (early) rād & ride, rit; pl. ride(n, ridde, rẹ̄den, reide, redde & (early) ridone, (SWM) reoden & rōd(e(n, (N) rāde; ppl. i)ride(n, ridde(n, i)rẹ̄de(n, rẹ̄dene, irẹ̄̆dden & (early) hī-riden, (error) iridenen. Contraction: rīdestǒu (ridest thou). |
Etymology | OE rīdan (sg.3 rīt; p. rād; pl. ridon, A reodan) & gerīdan, p.ppl. geriden. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. biriden v., outriden v., overriden v.
1a.
(a) To ride on horseback; also, ride on an ass, elephant, a mule; also fig.; (b) refl.; (c) ~ on (of, up, upon), to ride on (a beast); also fig.; (d) comen (gon) ~, comen riding, to come (go) riding on horseback; (e) ben to have ridden; (f) to straddle a pole or staff as if riding a horse; straddle a stool; also in proverb; (g) fig. to suffer execution by hanging.
Associated quotations
a
- 1123 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1123 : Se king rad in his der fald, and se biscop Roger of Seres byrig on an half him and se biscop Rotbert Bloet of Lincolne on oðer half him, & riden þær sprecende.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13240 : Cniht, þu ride to swiðe; betere þe weore at Rome.
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)3/5 : Ne [þea]rft þu on stirope stonden mid fotan, On nenne goldfohne bowe, for..þu scalt nu ruglunge ridæn to þære eorþe.
- ?a1300 Maximian (Dgb 86)244 : Wer riit þe mon Þat heiȝte maximion?
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)28/308 : Ich a faucoun on hond bere And riden on haukin bi o riuere.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)1525 : Al þe while þat..oliuer rit by his side.. Þou ne schalt neuere otuwel winne.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)352 : Þanne þat barn..by-gan for to glade Þat he so realy schuld ride.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)956 : Þe oþre..chacyeþ forþ Olyuere And leggeþ on hym strokes harde as he riȝdt y-bounde.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.94 : Wel koude he sitte on hors and faire ryde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)125a/a : For may is a tyme of solas and of likinge, þerfore he is I-peynt aȝonglyng ridinge and beringe a fowle on his honde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3348 : Rebecca..rade til þai come ner þe stedd þar þe wonning was of abraham.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3905 : Þis forseide kniȝth riȝth [LinI: rod] hym by Als it were his amy.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)4.23 : Þanne consience on his capil cairiþ forþ faste, And resoun wiþ hym rit [vrr. ryd, rideþ; to ryde; B: ritte; vrr. rytt; rydes; C vr. riit] & rapiþ hym ȝerne.
- (1415) Doc.Conspir.Hen.V in D.K.R.43587 : Ye Erle of Cambrege and I in ye Devels nome Roden to ye Hamull in ye Hoke.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.10.260-61 : Yf that a wyght wolde ryden for cause of hele, he ne desireth not so mochel the moevyng to ryden as the effect of his hele.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)8.3101 : Gaufrid recordeth be scripture How kyng Arthour, flour of cheualrie, Rit with his knihtis & lyueth in Fairye.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2849 : The fayreste schall be full feye þat in oure floke ryddez, Alls fewe as they bene, are they the felde leue.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.196 : To Orkauz they Reden with-Owten faille.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)580 : Was non left vpon lyue..Saue [ane] o-lepy olyfaunt at þe grete ȝate Þer as Cayphas þe clerke in castel rideþ.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)704/2 : They had ryddyn awhyle.
- (1470) Paston (EETS)1.557 : Send a byll to John Pampyng that he may ryed wyth me ouyr all your lyuelood.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)171/74 : A-wake joseph and take þi wyff, thy chylde also, ryd be-lyff.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)292 : Ho þat rydyȝt her day oþer nyȝt Wyth me he mot take fyȝt Oþer leue hys armes here.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)403 : A dwerk ryȝt her be-fore, Hys squyer as he wore.
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)82/8 : The Cristen man..made the Jw go to the mvle and ryde.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)1667 : Now ys Gye turned ageyne..He and hys felows redde, Ryche prysoners wyth þem ledde.
b
- a1250(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Mdst A.13)94/206 : If þu hauest soreȝe, seiȝe þu it noht þe areȝe; Seie it þine sadel-boȝe & rid te singinde.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)37/646 : Amoreȝe þo þe day gan springe, þe king him rod an huntinge.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)12/229 : Hom rod him aylmer king.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1691 : To the launde he rideth hym ful right.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)3862 : The kyng him Rod to that abbay.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)322 : Roulond in-to the sadel sprong And rod hym to charlys, the kyng.
c
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1127 : Hi ridone on swarte hors & on swarte bucces.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)20/6 : Þet hors ðe [he] on rad natoþæshwon on þone rihte wæȝ faren wolde.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6966 : Þatt follc rideþþ onn a der Þatt iss Dromeluss nemmnedd.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)5 : He mihte ridan..on riche stede.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)89 : He..sende tweien of hise diciples into þe bureh of ierusalem and bed hem bringen a wig one te riden.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)137/4 : Þeo buheð hire þe to hise fondunges buheð hire heorte, for hwil ha stont upriht ne mei he nowðer up on hire rukin ne riden.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)68 : He nedde stede ne no palefray, Ac rod vppe on asse.
- c1300 Body & S.(5) (LdMisc 108)p.51 : Þe false world..bad þe..on heiȝe horse to ride.
- c1300 Body & S.(5) (LdMisc 108)p.59 : Forth was brouȝt þere with a bridel, A corsed devel als a cote..With a sadel to the midside Fol of scharpe pikes schote Alse an hechele onne to ride.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4002 : Be blithe though thow ryde vp on a iade.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)188b/a : The Pigmeys..ryden [L equitant] vppon weþeres and fyȝten with Cranes and destrueþ here nestes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)287b/a : Þe emptes..woundeþ hem ofte, þeiȝ þey fle þe emptes rydynge on swiftest camels.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)3.184,188 : Ich, my-self, cyuyle, and symonye..Wollen ryden vp-on rectours..Somenours and southdenes..On hem þat louyeþ lecherie lepeþ vp and rydeþ.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1328 : Merlyn..Rod on a palfray.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)10/25 : Þan þis man sett a scharp peyr sporys on hys helys & rood on þe hors bak for to don hym drawyn.
- a1450 *Aelred Inst.(2) (Bod 423)949 : He rideth on an Asse towarde hys passyoun.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)4114 : Wottest thou euer what knight is yon That rideth of Gwynanes stede?
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2001 : There came two justyces of Fraunce Upon two stedes ryde [vr. þei reyde].
- (1450) RParl.5.212b : The seid Evane hath riden and daily rideth uppon the Hors of the seid William Tresham.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)29/19 : Whan kynge Arthure saw that kynge ryde on sir Ectors horse he was wrothe.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)191/1 : Þis oryental wycche, or wyse man, rode vppon a mwle.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)1778 : Ierom also berys witnes dromedarys thay riden opon.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)2.263 : God vndede þe assis mouth & he seyde to Balaam..'Þu hast alwey redyn on me and Y seruyd þe neuer þus til now.'
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)235 : The famous worthi Duke of Clarence Rood on Baiard with his eyn blynde.
d
- ?a1160 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1137 : Gif twa men oþer iii coman ridend to an tun, al þe tunscipe flugæn for heom wenden ðet hi wæron ræueres.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13070 : An wis cniht þer com ride to þas kinges uerde.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)112/7 : Þe engel hit schawde þe heold his nease þa þer com þe prude lecchur ridinde.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7163 : Þo com Oriens to Wawain rideinde.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)1379 : Out of garsies ost cam ride, A turkein þat was ful of prude.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1554 : Þese frensche men come ryde on message fro Charloun.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.350 : So him befell upon a tide, On his hunting, as he cam ride, In a Forest al one he was.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1253 : Pandarus hym aspide And seyde, 'Nece, ysee who comth here ride!'
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1388 : He sese, ferre in the felde, Fowre knyghtis vndir schelde Come rydand full righte.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.9 : He..bad that he Anon Scholde gon Owt Of that Castel Riden, forto Aspie Where that Tholomes were there Nye.
- (a1450) Paston2.522 : He cam redyng fro Wantown Gappe to the grete cate.
- a1475(a1450) Tourn.Tott.(Hrl 5396)74 : All þe gret cumpany com rydand to þe croft.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)106 : Þer com a mayde ryde And a dwerk be here syde.
- a1500(?a1425) Ipom.(2) (Hrl 2252)1671 : In to þe halle come rydynge a may.
e
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9727 : Alle heo beoð fæie þat hider beoð iridenen.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1503 : He on a courser..Is riden into the feeldes hym to pleye.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1687 : On huntyng been they riden roially.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2859 : This Consul..was into the feldes ride.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2817 : Maugre þe Tebans euerychon, Þe gode kniȝth Permenion Js yride vp to þe walle.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3772 : Alisaunder tofore is ride And many a gentil kniȝth hym myde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.1586 : False Egistus was y-riden oute To gadre men and to ben awreke.
- (a1450) Paston2.522 : Edmund is rede forth to Heydon.
- c1460 Ipom.(3) (Lngl 257)353/15 : This Maugys had espied that she was riden into Cecile.
f
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)134a/b : Be he sette in a place wele clere, apte, or opne liȝt ridyng [Ch.(2): sittynge; L equitando] on a stole or fourme wele festned.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Cock (Hrl 2255)137 : Whoo hath noon hors, on a staff may ryde.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)447/18 : Socrates [usyd] for to lope on a rede betwix his leggis, as barnys rydys, and ryde with þaim as þai do to make þaim sporte.
g
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)10346 : Ȝuf ich adde iwust þis Þo ȝe verst come in þis lond, ich ȝou wolde iwis Habbe imad heie ride al þis ȝer longe.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2392 : In harde ropys mote sche ryde!
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)16915 : Aman has sett his howse be syd A gebett, large of lengh and brede, Mardocheus þer with rewth to ryde.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)598 : But I thynke he rydyth on þe galouse, to lern for to daunce, Bycause of hys theft.
1b.
In phrases with adverb or preposition: (a) ~ forth, to set out on horseback, continue or recommence one's riding; -- also refl.; also, come forward [quot.: c1390]; ~ fore, set out on horseback; also, depart this life [quot.: c1250]; ~ on; (b) ~ oute, to set out on horseback; ride out in search of adventure or on a military expedition; (c) ~ awei, to ride away, flee; (d) ~ after, to ride after (sb.), pursue; ~ ayen (to), ride to meet (sb.); (e) ~ in (on), to ride along (a path), ride on (one's journey); ~ in the reule of right, live a righteous life.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13118 : Forð heo gunnen ride, riche men from hirede.
- a1275 *Body & S.(4) (Trin-C B.14.39)126 : Vi nal huic man im biþenche, ar he for sal ride, Vat he is, and þon he com, and vat im sal bitide.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1164 : Þe holi Man is cloþes tok and op-on þe Mere heom caste, And werth op a-boue alle is cloþes and rod him forth wel faste.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3953 : Ðus rideð forð ðis man for-loren.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1616 : Into rome al þat route riden forþ in-fere.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3117 : Lo Rouchestre stant heer faste by; Ryd forth myn owene lord, brek nat oure game!
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11601 : For [Göt: Forth] sco rad, þat moder mild, And in hir barm sco ledd hir child.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1201 : Alisaundre..on Bulcyfal lepe..He touched his horne and forþ ride.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2147 : At a Posterne forth they gan to ryde.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2264 : He rode hym forth til he did atteyne Into the boundes of lygurgus lond.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1776 : Forth he rit til he to Rome is come.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)13373 : Bot als he rayd [vr. rode] furth by a raw, þe dukes me[n] of hym had syȝt.
- 1457 Libeaus (Naples 13.B.29)289/315 : Whate man that he[r] furth riȝt [Lamb: He most nedys with me fight].
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)110/5 : Well, take an horse..and ryde one with me.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)277 : Forþ þey ryden all þre.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)200 : Þe riche emperour of rome rod out for to hunte.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.45 : A knyght ther was..That fro the tyme that he first bigan To riden out, he loued chiualrye, Trouthe, and honour.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)52/638 : Vpon a tyme wiþ good delyte He rod out to visyte Þe freres of Charthous.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.3194 : Whan he was in his lusti age, The lepre cawhte in his visage And so forth overal aboute, That he ne mihte ryden oute.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4666 : Wunderliche a-wei heo riden touward ane muchele wude.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6556 : Vortiger þer abed þe while Costance awæi rad.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2809 : All þat rewlyd in the rowtte, they ryden awaye, So rewdly they rere, theys ryall knyghttes.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13267 : Þæ Romanisce men riden eouere after heom.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)407 : Þenne seyen hi twolf ȝunge men after hem ride Mid helm & mid brunie, mid swerdes outdrawe.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)6196 : Þai flowen oway..Our folk swiþe after hem rode.
- (1451) Paston2.74 : Vn Tewsday rodde my lady to hym.
- a1500(a1400) Libeaus (Lamb 306)313 : Whan he sawe Lybeous with syght Agayne him he rode [Clg: To hem he rod] right And sayde, 'Well-come bewfere!'
e
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)7 : Þenne make we rihte..godes weies..þet god almihti mei riden on.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)60/1260 : Beues an hakenai be-strit And in is wei forþ a rit.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.784 : Toward Saluces, shapyng hir iourney, Fro day to day they ryden in hir wey.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)22019 : Dane..neder in strete..Bi þe wai als nedder sal he sitt þat all þaa men þat he mai wijt Ridand in þe reule o right He sal þam smett and dun þam light..Vte of þair trouth þam for to stint.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1405 : As heo ryden in heore way..Þan lowȝ Merlyn þe þridde tyme.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)38.353 : Thanne Rood he faste In his Iorne.
- c1450(c1375) Chaucer Anel.(Benson-Robinson)46 : Let I this noble prince Theseus Toward Athenes in his wey rydinge.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)8/26 : Ryde on your wey, for I wille not be long behynde.
- a1500(a1400) Libeaus (Lamb 306)466 : On morowe, whan it was daye, They redyn on her jornaye Taward Synadon.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)372 : Furthe on his way Rideth Generydes.
1c.
With various complements: (a) to ride (a distance, a period of time); (b) ~ a (gret, softe, etc.) pase, to ride at a moderate (rapid, leisurely, etc.) pace; ~ a god spede, ~ a gret walop.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)35/595 : Horn rod in a while More þan a myle.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)9479 : We habb [read: habbeþ] hii-riden al niht.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)49/80 : He ne rod bote wel luyte wei are he feol to grounde.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5859 : Þo Merlin hadde riden a while Þe mountaunce of to mile He seyd to King Arthour, [etc.].
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.555 : Er we hadde riden fully fyue mile At Boghtoun vnder Blee vs gan atake A man.
- (1440) Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2805 : He had rydyn eke for hire many a myle.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)322 : Madame, þrytty myles off hard way I haue reden siþ it was day.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)24351 : They ne hadde j-reden but a whyle Not fullich the spas of half a myle.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)2197 : They rode ye space of half a nyght.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Add 9066)328 : On the day folowyng he lept on his palfray and rode all day, and coude fynde no goyng out of the forest.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)528 : Thei hadde a-while I-riden.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)2411 : They had redyn..Vnnethe the mowntaunce of a myle.
b
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2897 : Vpon thise steedes..Ther seten folk..And ryden forth a paas with sorweful cheere Toward the groue.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.399 : To the nexte citee ther bisyde, A softe paas solempnely they ryde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.575 : He hadde riden [vrr. redyn, ryde, ridde] moore than trot or paas; He hadde ay priked lik as he were wood.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11657 : Marie folewed ridyng good paas.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4150 : A-geyns hym a ful gret pas he rood.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.620 : With that com he and al his folk anoon, An esy pas rydyng.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.60 : Forth she rit [vr. right] ful sorwfully a pas.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.746 : To him ward Rod he A ful gret pas.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)47/19 : He rode a grete walop tylle he com to the fountain.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)8/28 : Ulfius..rode on more than a paas tyll that he came to kynge Uther Pendragon.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)61 : With that counfort he rode a better pase.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)6506 : Forthe he rode a gode spede, When he was lopyn on hys stede.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)613 : Cerberus..brought thedyr Vyce..On a glydyng serpent, rydyng a gret pas.
2.
(a) In contexts contrasting riding on horseback with going on foot; also in proverb; (b) ~ and (ne, or) gon, gon and (ne, or) ~; ~ and gangen, gangen or ~; ~ and (or) yeden, yeden or ~; ~ and rennen, rennen and ~; other ~ other rennen; ~ and romen, romen or ~; ~ and wenden, wenden or ~.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2946 : Weoren heo of Rome alle ridinde, þa odere a-foten.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)502 : Feire he ssrudde his breþren mid dereworþe cloþ, His breþren þat rideþ & here men þat goþ.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1167 : Vuele was it is riȝte to gon a-fote oþur ope swuch a best to ride.
- a1350 My deþ (Hrl 2253)12 : Þe is bettere on fote gon þen wycked hors to ryde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2035 : Some pleide and some songe, And some gon and some ryde.
- c1400(?c1280) SLeg.OTHist.(LdMisc 622)250 : Þe aungel took hym by þe top & bare hym forþ þer myde -- Hym had ben bettere to haue ygo þan so fer to haue iryde.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)510/19 : Þis alde carle..rydis hym selfe & lattis hys son ryn in þe myre.
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)191/29 : þu seyst me walke vppon my feet, hungry and wery, and þu rydyst wele att ese.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)44/136 : Thou shal ride and I will go bi.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1114 : On þis ylcan geare wæs swa mycel ebba..þæt man ferde ridende & gangende ofer Tæmese be eastan þære brigge on Lunden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)793 : Ne ganninde ne ridinde ne durste him nan abiden.
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)223 : Þenne myhte vch mon boþ riden & gon in pes wiþ-oute vyhte.
- c1330(c1250) Floris (Auch)415 : Naþeles ich ne schal þe neuere faile mo, þer whiles I mai ride or go.
- c1330(c1250) Floris (Auch)733 : Of men and wimmen þat beþ nouþe, Þat gon aur [read: and] riden and spekeþ wiȝ mouþe, Beþ non so fair in hire gladnesse, Als þai ware in hire sorewenesse.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1381 : He is so sounde nowþe, þat he may redly ride & rome whan þat him likes.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3802 : He so soore fil out of his char That it his lymes and his skyn totar, So that he neither myghte go ne ryde.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2869 : His officers with swifte feet they renne And ryde [vr. riȝt] anoon at his comandement.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pri.(Manly-Rickert)B.1683 : Thurgh this strete men myghte ryde and wende, For it was free and open at eyther ende.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.118 : For thogh we slepe or wake, or rome or ryde, Ay fleeth the tyme, it nyl no man abyde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11425 : Þair scrippes, quer þai rade [Göt: rad; Trin-C: rode] or yode, þam failed neuer o drinc ne fode.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.220 : I haue seyne charite also syngen and reden, Ryden and rennen in ragged wedes.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)52 : Ȝif my lege lorde lyst on lyue me to bidde Oþer to ryde oþer to renne to Rome in his ernde.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)124/7 : He wol ȝeue þe no leue to ride ne to go out of þi cloister for recreacioun.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.473 : Yet was he, where so men wente or riden, Founde oon the beste.
- c1425 Glo.Chron.A (Hrl 201)p.463 : So gret forst þer com in Aduent..þat me myȝte boþe ryde & go in Temese vpe yse.
- (1426-7) Paston (EETS)1.12 : Wherfore þe seyd William nothyr hese frendes ne hese seruauntz in hys companye..durst not, ne yet ne dar not, rydyn ne goo abowte swyche occupacion as he arn vsed.
- (1449) RParl.5.147b : The which daily fortifie..theire Garisons..goyng and rydyng..armed in grete nombre, ayeinst the tenour of the Trewes.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)326 : A Priores aw for to be Principall in gude degre, Both in þe abba & with-oute, Whar so scheganges or rides o-boute.
- c1450(?c1400) 3 KCol.(1) (Cmb Ee.4.32)48/22 : Whan þei ȝede or riden [vr. rede], the sterre allwey ȝede forþ tofore hem.
- c1450(?a1422) Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)4.387 : Criste Ihesu..Lat thy name, wher we ryde [vr. rydy] or gone..Be our defence.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)17639 : Þore was no boyte to byde þere welthes o way to wyn, bot ylkon to ryn and ryd and for sake kyth and kyn.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)764/7 : We sawe never hir macche as far as we have ryddyn and gone.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)190/1159b : There was full of manys blode There as men rode and yode.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)1164 : Thou..nedys behovys the love all way Where thou shalte goo or ryede.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)235 : When age shal greve hym to ride or go, One he may teche but then nevir no mo.
3.
To ride on horseback in procession, ride in state; also, fig. be carried by a horseman [quot.: c1325]; ~ ayen(es, ride to meet or welcome (sb.).
Associated quotations
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)193 : Þo he com to galewes, furst he wes an-honge, al quic byheueded..þe heued to londone brugge wes send..he rideþ þourh þe site, as y telle may..to londone brugge hee nome þe way.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3542 : Euerich man of ich mester Hem riden oȝain wiþ fair ater.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2566 : Vp goon the trompes and the melodye And to the lystes rit [vrr. ritt, ritte, riȝt, right, rideth, ryde, ridde, ryden] the compaignye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.391 : This sowdan sente his sonde First to his moder..And preyde hire for to ryde agayn the queene, The honour of his regne to sustene.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1841 : Every wiht was sore alonged To se this lusti ladi ryde.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)204 : Dame Olympias amonge þis pres Sengle rood..þorouȝ-out al þe toun.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1036 : Ten þousande barons hir comen myde And to chirche wiþ hire ryde.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1572 : Of my þrevenest lordez þe þrydde he schal, And of my reme, þe rychest to ryde wyth myselven.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)339/5 : Þe Mayre & þe Aldermen & alle þe comynez rydyn ayens hir to welcome hir.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)380/15 : Þe King come ridynge with his prysoners þrouȝ þe cite of London.
- (1460-61) Doc.in Welch Hist.Pewterers Lond.27 : Item, payde of the Box monay to the viij men that rode aȝenste the kynge euery man vj s. viij d., liij s. iiij d.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)151/2 : Rulere of all remys, I ryde in ryal a-ray.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)39 : Whan þe Emperour hurde of þe king, he roode aȝenst him with a grete ost and Receyvid hym worthely.
4.
(a) To ride as part of a military host, ride in or into battle; fight on horseback, esp. with a spear; ~ forth (to bataille), ride into combat; ~ on ground, invade (the king's) land; ridinge men, horsemen, cavalry; (b) to ride so as to lead an armed host, esp. in or into battle; -- also refl.; ~ forth, lead a host to war, advance with a military force; (c) to ride so as to ravage and plunder; also, lead a host in ravaging and plundering; (d) to ride in joust or single combat; also, ride upon knightly adventures [quot.: a1393]; (e) ~ ayen (ayenes, on, upon, til, to, toward, etc.), to ride to attack (sb., an opposing force), charge at, do battle with; ~ over, conquer (a people), subdue; ~ thurgh, charge through (an opposing force); ~ togeder, charge at one another, joust.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2746 : Þat Romanisce floc riden [Otho: reoden] heom bi-hinden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13351 : Rideð þenne ich ride and fulieð mine rede.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)100 : Iich am comen here a fairi knyȝte; Mi kynde is armes for to were, On horse to ride wiȝ scheld and spere.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1213 : Þan ride to-gedere a gret route of rinkes ful nobul & went euen to sir william & wonderli him bi-sette.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.50.9 : He hadde in his ledyng charez & rydyng men [WB(2): horsmen; L equites] & þer was made the company not a lytyll.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.17 : The ferþ day of Septembre, in þe heuest tide, At Donkastre mot men se manyon to batale ride.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2387 : Darrie wiþ a styf launce rytt; Brian, baroun of Grece, he hytt.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2218 : In his tent Achilles abood, In-to þe feld from hym whan þei rood.
- ?a1425(a1400) Brut-1377 (Corp-C 174)321/7 : Þe Frensshe men breken þe pees & the trewes, ryding on þe Kinges ground.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)5676 : Among the gregeis he rode and ran As hundes doth upon his pray.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)14.504 : Thanne destreris with spores gonne they prikke, And Amongis that chasing Redyn ful thykke.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)3153 : Oure kyng among þe Sarezynes ryt [vr. ryth; rime: slyt], And some to þe sadyl he slyt.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)4053 : Þese reden in þe vawmewarde.
- c1450 As y gan wandre (Lamb 853)34 : At mydday y was dubbid knyȝt, In route y lerned for to ryde; Was þer noon so hardi a wiȝt Þat in bataile durste me abide.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)26/30 : They lette brenne and destroy all the contrey before them there they sholde ryde.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)530 : Thei rode forth and smote other thre down deed to grounde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12964 : This Forenses with fyne will faithfully prayet, Þat he might ryde with þat Orest & his ranke oste.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)268 : Þe king him com riden mid riche his folke.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)3093 : Þer com ȝete king Carodas..he fer hadde yride; vi hundred kniȝtes he brouȝt him mide.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)607 : King charles rood þidere a non, & kniȝtes wiþ him many on.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.981 : Thus rit [vrr. ryȝt, riht, rideth] this duc, thus rit this conquerour..Til that he cam to Thebes and alighte Faire in a feeld ther as he thoghte to fighte.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)109/1376 : His fader with his host to bataile rydeþ [vrr. rydes, rytt]..Ector þen at hoom abydeþ.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.603 : Þe pelers at Gates..Alysaundre..Rood in his conqueste..With al his hooste proudly to visite.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)173/2 : A cursed Emperour of Persie..rood with grete host in all þat euer he myghte for to confounde the cristene men.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1109 : Tytus..vmbe þe toun redeþ [vrr. rydys, rode] Wyþ sixty speres of þe sege.
- c1450(c1430) Brut-1430 (Glb E.8)429/2 : Quene Kateryne..and the Duke of Bedford also, with a feyre meyne..reden forthe vp in the londe tille thei come there as the Kynge was.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2183 : The kinge Alisaundre the conquerour..In his time..he roode Throuȝ alle the worlde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)27/2 : Than by counceile of Merlion, whan they wyst which wey the an eleven kynges wolde ryde and lodge that nyght, at mydnyght they sette uppon them as they were in their pavilions.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)353 : As he saugh hem comynge, he gan to whowpe, 'A here, Arthur, ride faste.'
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13619 : I am febyll and vnfere, fallyn into elde, Any rem forto rewle, or to ryde furth.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5844 : Heo riden ȝeond þæn leode & nomen þer muchele prude.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1293 : Þenne wyth legiounes of ledes over londes he rydes, Herȝez of Israel þe hyrne aboute.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)294 : When þe Romaynes regnede, þay raunsounde oure eldyrs And rade in theire ryotte and rauyschett oure wyfes, Withowttyn reson or ryghte, refte vs oure gudes.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3540 : He..redy ryddis with his rowtte to rawnsone þe pouere.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)1.864 : Lete alle oure enemys in londe ryde or ren, She is euere in stody and euere-more soole.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Guy (LdMisc 683)7 : The persecucyoun Of them of Denmark, wich with myhty hond, Rod, brente, and slouh, made noon excepcioun, By cruel force, thorugh out al this lond.
d
- c1330 Horn Child (Auch)621 : Horn of iusting was ful fain & seyd to þe kniȝt oȝain, 'Ful leue me were to ride.'
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2604 : Ther seen men who kaniuste and who kan ryde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1106 : For he ne wol no travail take To ryde for his ladi sake, Bot liveth al upon his wisshes.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)516/5 : Here may a man preve, be he never so good, yet may he have a falle..he rydyth well that never felle.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)420 : Thay..gonne to ryden with grete Ravndoun Eyther to bere other adown.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1605 : Þo he tok a schaft rounde Wyth cornall scharp y-grounde And ryde be ryȝt resoun.
- a1500(a1400) Libeaus (Lamb 306)984 : Geffroun toke his cours oute-ryght..And rode ayene als tighte And Lebeous on the helme he hitte.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)44 : Her father and other knyghttes mo Had farly, how he Ryd soo.
e
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)9022 : To him he gon riden and smat hine i þere side.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13862 : Forð heo gunnen fusen and riden to Rom-leoden.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1030 : Aiþer to oþer rade And hewe on helmes briȝt.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)110/1954 : Oȝaines Gij he ritt apliȝt; Anon to-gider þai gun smite.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1189 : Þan wiȝtly boute mo wordes william ginnes ride fresly toward here fos.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Th.(Manly-Rickert)B.1995 : For in that contree was ther noon That to hym dorste ryde or goon.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3905 : Whan he Alisaunder besy seeþ ..He took a launce..And riȝth on Alisaunder byhynde; He smyteþ hym hard on þe hauberk.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)6.74 : Lordene sones..leid here rentes to wedde For þe ryght of þes [read: þis] reame, ryden a-ȝens oure enemys.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4301 : Hercules..cruelly rod til Lamedoun And to þe erthe fersly bare hym doun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.83 : I counsaille, or þat we procede Any ferþer vp-on oure foon to ryde Prudently a while to abide.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1354 : With sharpe swerdes they to-gyder ryde Ful yrously, thise myghty champiouns.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)341 : Sir, and we wyste ȝour wyll, we walde..ryde one ȝone Romaynes & ryott theire landez.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)15276 : Þorow Gormound þe Englische had hit wonne, & ouer þe Bretons riden & ronne.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)44.543 : He..Rod thorwgh hem ful bolde.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)168/162t : With a launce he com forth thenne, And cometh rydant to sir lymadan.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.361 : As a duke douȝty in dedis of armes In full reall aray he rood vppon hem euere.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)2702 : With spere & with schelde to-gedyr thay reden tho.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)270 : Wyth hys sper he wyll launche All þat aȝens hym ryȝtte.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)456 : Thei hem armed hastely and soone and lepe to horse, and hem renged and a-ray, and eche roode a-gein other.
5.
(a) To journey, travel; go; also, depart [quot.: c1455]; ~ oute of arrai, go astray, break religious vows; roume-riden, widely traveled; (b) fig. to reside, be present; that might ~, that could be; (c) ~ forth (hennes), to set out on a journey; depart; (d) ben riden, to have traveled, have set out on a journey.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3610 : Cezar rad ȝeo[n]d Flaundre lond.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)40/24 : He, rarinde, rad ruglunge in-to helle.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1386 : Where ridestow vnder this grene wode shawe?
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1934 : Makayre wulde no lenger byde, But to þat cyte gan he ryde [F s'en est ale].
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)prol.171 : Þanne here we mowen Where he [cat] ritt or rest or renneth to playe.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)6.158 : Ac meny day..boþe monkes and chanouns Han ride out of a-ray, here ruele vuel holde, And priked a-boute on palfrais fro places to maners, An hepe of houndes at hus ers.
- (1422) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.141/36 : He seid to the Breweres that they had reden yn to the Contre and forstalled malt, wher-fore hit caused malt to be soo dere.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)103b/a : As happeniþ sumtyme to men þat gone bi þe weie & namelie when þei riden in tyme of grete colde & passen wateres in þe whiche þei wete her fete.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1316 : She falleth hym to fote..And seyth, 'Have mercy! and let me with yow ryde.'
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)1131 : Þis makelese man þat most was adouted, Þe romme-riden Alixandre, richest of kingus Hadde le[n]gged þere longe and lettrus þe while Endited.
- c1450 Dives & P.(Lchf 35)1.34 : Chapmen schulde not ryde from town to town to vse her markettes on halydayes.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)8/24 : In þis first ȝere þat he cam to Cartage, he a-bod litil at his study but rood to and fro.
- (c1455) Paston2.114 : As for tidyngys in this contre her be noon but suche as ye herd or þan ye roode.
- (1461) Paston (EETS)1.200 : Þe costys is gretter in þe Kyngys howse qwen he rydythe þan ȝe wend it hadde be.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)152/22 : Heyl be ȝe kyngys tweyne, Ferre rydyng out of ȝour regne! me thynkyth be ȝour presentys seyne, ȝe sekyn oure sauyour.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)31 : I charge the..that thou take thy way to the vniuersite of Oxforth..and neuer com thou at home during the seid ȝeeris, but aftir the seid ȝeris thou schalt ride home.
- a1500 All that I may (BodPoet e.1)p.272 : If she wyll to the gud ale ryd, Me must trot all be hyr syd, And whan she drynk I must abyd.
b
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)142 : Bot mon most I algate mynn hym to bene, & þat þe myriest in his muckel þat myȝt ride.
- c1450 Wast bryngyth (Add 31042)st.6 : He þat by þe halfe worde wote what þe hole menys, Þere mene may wete where þe resone rydes.
c
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1489 : The morwe cam and forth this marchant rydeth; To Flaundres ward his prentys wel hym gydeth.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.3671 : Polynyces rod foorth and was absent; Ethyocles took first possessioun.
- (?1453) Paston (EETS)1.248 : For here modere hath seyd to here syth þat ye redyn hens þat she hath no fantesy þer-inne.
- (1461) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.24 : His said maister was redyn forth with the kyng.
- (1462) Paston (EETS)1.283 : Me semethe che is displesed that ye came not to her or than ye roode foorthe.
d
- (1461) Paston (EETS)1.520 : My brother is redyn to Yarmowth.
- (1461) Paston2.233 : Maister William is reden hom to my Maistres Ponyngys.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)174 : Hit bifel a cas, þat hir husbonde was I-Redden to his contre.
6.
To ride (in a chariot or cart, on a litter).
Associated quotations
- c1225 St.Juliana (Roy 17.A.27)6/44 : Te keiser..lette leaden him into cure & te riche riden in & tuhen him ȝont te tun.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)4.27 : Bote on a wayn, wyd [read: witti] and wisdame I-feere Folweden hem..And Riden faste.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2030 : This kyng with noble pourveance Hath for himself his Charr araied, Wher inne he wolde ride amaied Out of the Cite forto pleie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.1293 : He [Pluto] tok hire up into his char, And as thei riden in the field, Hire grete beaute he behield.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4657 : Þe kyng..him lette..To ride ai quar in kinges thar [read: char].
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2724 : Titan hath so fast in his chare I-ride..His fery stedis han almost I-passed Our orizonte.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)159/2 : And ell he rytt in a charett with iiij wheles.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)239/34 : Sche clepyd hem a-geyn, besechyng hem þat þis creatur myth rydyn wyth hem in her wayne for þe mor sped of hir jurne.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)62/28 : Joseph come rydand in Pharao carte, þat was all of gold.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1127/4-5 : Se madam..where rydys in a charyot a goodly armed knyght, and we suppose he rydyth unto hangynge.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)11/22 : Ye must to the feld though ye ryde on an hors-lyttar.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)37/16 : Þis Emperour com rydyng in a chare þedyr.
7a.
(a) To ride in a ship, sail; -- also refl.; ~ in ship (barge, bot); (b) to be aboard a ship at anchor; ~ on (bi, at an) anker.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)147 : Out of hauen þai rade Til þai com til atoun..Her sailes þai leten doun.
- c1390(1377) Death Edw.III (Vrn)61 : Þe kyng him rod and Rouwed ariht.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.135 : This schippe..Crist rad in and his felawes Imang dintes of gret quawes.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)31/383 : Sir Antinor..drowen seile and forþ gan goo; Nyȝt and day þey gan ryde & com to Grece.
- (1422) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.143/83 : And so þei reden yn barge to Westmynster.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)102/13 : Fra þis citee may men ride in schippe or in bate by þat riuer.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)3486 : Þey..hadden þe wedur ryȝt at hurre wylle And reden hamewarde fast with seylle & hore.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)365/22 : Þai rydyn with her schippeȝ among ham.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)219 : The Kyng..rood into Frauns..he had in his nave to lede him to Caleys xi hundred schippis.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)183/845 : For all be water þey must ryde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12696 : Þe remnond, þat rode by þe rugh bonkis, Herd þe rurde & þe ryfte of þe rank schippis..And held hom on hofe in the hegh sea.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.1806 : Whil that he on Ancher rod, The wynd, which was tofore strange, Upon the point began to change, And torneth thider as it scholde.
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)436 : So lange one ankir gane þay ryde..Tille none was of the daye.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)6048 : He þe shypmen preyid hertyly..To rydyn on ankyr a whyl þer-by.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)10151 : Sire Cador þe mene folk..gaf..þe schipes for to loke & bad þem ryde fer fro þe land, Þat Saxons ne raughte no bot wyþ hand.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)1419 : But at þe cyte off Marchyle þere ȝe moot abyde a whyle, Be cable and ankyr ffor to ryde.
- ?c1475 Direct.Sailing in Hak.Soc.79 (Lnsd 285)13 : Yif ye Ride in the Doowns and will go into Sandwiche haven, Rere it by turnyng wynde at an est south of the moone.
- ?c1475 Direct.Sailing in Hak.Soc.79 (Lnsd 285)15 : A man that ridith in the way of odierene at an ankre, he may begyn to rere at an est southest moone for to turne.
- ?c1475 Direct.Sailing in Hak.Soc.79 (Lnsd 285)19 : A man that ridith in the Rode of Wiklowe must go oute of the chirch of Wiklowe south est and northwest.
7b.
Of a ship: (a) to sail; also, float; (b) to ride at anchor, be moored; ~ at (bi, on) anker.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)12739 : Þar comen ride ouer al þan see [Clg: seilien] wide sipes swiþe manie.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (Hrl 2277:Horst.)157 : Here schip..vpe þe roche hit gan ride Þat hit ne miȝte noȝt to þe yle come, ac bileuede biside.
- c1390(c1350) NHom.(2) PSanct.(Vrn)112/82 : Whil crist in þat hul abod, þe schip a-midde þe see rod.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1843 : On þe streme þat arche can ride.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.149 : Þise nine schippes gan ride þer wyld wynd þam driue.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3946 : Whan al was redy, with-oute more abode, Eche schip by oþer on þe water rood.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)4606 : Þus þey wend, þat atte firste tyde Þer nauye to Londone holy schold ryde.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Rhyme WA (Hrl 2251)29 : A tombe shyppe alway ridyng on a rok..It may wele ryme, but it accordith nought.
b
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)9/136 : Bi þe se side hi leten þat schup ride.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1136 : This grete Schip on Anker rod.
- a1456(1429) Lydg.Mum.Mercers (Trin-C R.3.20)99 : In haaste he came to lande Where certayne vesselles nowe by þe anker ryde.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)968 : He tok with hym no more companye, But forth they gon and lafte his shipes ryde.
- (1443) Let.Bekynton in RS 56.2238 : Now the xvj day of January ageinst eve, the ships riding at ancre ageinst Riant, there went to londe, under truze, v men of the Julian of Fowey with their cokbote.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)14818 : Scardeburghe..An hauene..is schipes in to ryde.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)115a : Þe flete or þe naveye..wiþ a contrarie wynde..is dryue to stonde and ryde stille or to torne aȝen or to suffre grete harme and perille of tempest.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)19/10 : A fayr yong man..went out of a shep that rod vndyr that yle for to pleye hym awhyle.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)3349 : Þat seuen dayes þe schip rade In þe hauen, and þai abade.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2897 : Hanybald was..I-com as blyve To the brigg of þe town ther the Shippis rood.
- (1463-4) Let.Bk.Lond.L (Gldh LetBk L)47 : And that there be oone Weyer ordeyned and assigned for the saide Shippes remaynyng oone the Estside of the saide Brigge and a nother for the Shippes ridyng oone the West side of the saide Brigge.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)895 : Þe hauen was large and wyde; x thowsande shyppes þer-yn myghte ryde For any drede of þe see.
8.
(a) To move quickly; of weather: become disturbed; of wind: blow; ~ upon, of a bone: slide over (another); also, overlap (another); leten ~, let fly (a javelin); (b) ridinge knotte, knotte ridinge, a slip knot.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)24838,24845 : Þe weder soft in somertide sone be-gan to rugg & ride [Vsp: reth]..þe winde againe ham rade [Vsp: ras] vn-ride & ham assailed on ilka side.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1353 : A brode gauelok he lete ride [LinI: glide] And smoot hym þorouȝ-out boþe syde.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)179a/b : Þe þrid induracioun falleþ in summe member þat is broken, þe whiche was euyl restored oþer sette of longe tyme aforne as ȝif þat one partie of þe bone ride vppon anoþir partie.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)30b/a : Her vpmost extremite is a litil additament lijk a rauenes bile þat ridiþ vpon þe iuncture of þe elbowe in þe hyndere and vtmest side, þe which makiþ þe schap of þe elbowe whanne þe arme is folden ynward.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)149/3220 : On a towaile ȝhe made knotte riding, Aboute his nekke ȝhe hit þrew And on þe raile tre ȝhe drew; Be þe nekke ȝhe haþ him vp tiȝt.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)106b : Some makeþ as hit were a grene of roopes wiþ a ridyng knotte, and in þe comynge of þe strook þei caccheþ þe hede of þe Ram in þilke snare and pulleth a litel a side, and so letteþ him of his strook.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)352/2 : Þai..tokyn ij smale tewellys and made on ham rydyng knottis, and caste þe tewellys aboute þe Dukis nek.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2947 : A longe peny halter was cast about my nekk And I-knet fast with a ryding knot.
9.
To copulate; ~ on (upon), have sexual intercourse with (sb.); also of animals; [last quot. may have punning reference to 7a.(a)].
Associated quotations
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)494 : Sumeres tide..doþ misreken monnes þonk; Vor he ne recþ noȝt of clennesse, Al his þoȝt is of golnesse..eurich upon oþer rideþ.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4358 : I may nat on yow ryde, For that oure perche is maad so narwe, allas.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)11.329 : Alle bestes..whan þei hadde ryde in rotey tyme, anon riȝte þer-after Males drowen hem to males.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)14.154 : Man and hus make..out of reson..ryde [vr. redde] and rechelesliche taken on, As in durne dedes, bothe drynkynge and elles.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)4.898 : The mare, yf thasse eschewe, on his female As tempte hym first, and whanne he gynneth ride, His wyf is out, this mare is into hale.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1794 : Tho the kyng said, 'My doughter, do way! .. Spousage wyll thou none lede; There fore thou shalt in to the see And that Bastard with-in the, To lerne you ffor to ride.'
10.
(a) To ride (a horse, an ass); -- also without obj.; also in fig. context; ~ to ded, ride (a horse) to death; (b) to ride to deliver (a message).
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)14/177 : Þe ilke sari wrecches þe i þe fule wurðinge vnwedde walewið beoð þe deofles eaueres þet rit ham & spureð ham to don al þet he wule.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)137/12,13 : Schec me wið schrift adun ȝef ich alles walde ride þe longe. Sum..lefde him & beah him & he leop up & rad hire baðe dei & niht twenti ȝer fulle.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1971 : He is þe beste man at nede, Þat euere mar shal ride stede!
- a1350 Weping haueþ (Hrl 2253)16 : A wyf..rafte vs alle richesse ryf, þat durþe vs nout in reynes ryde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1188 : A courser that he scholde ryde Into the feld, anon he bad.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)284a/a : Þay ryde rede horse in somer..and white hors in wynter.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5918 : If it so bitide That he wole kepe his hors to ride, Yit is he lord ay of his hors.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)15/12 : Perciuall..rode the hors that flawe in the eire.
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)127/547 : If þat hors schal be y-reden while his bak is sore, [etc.].
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)510/16 : Som tyme a man had ane ass, & he rade hur.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)3b : May þu ryde hym fayre and softe.
- c1450 *Bk.Marchalsi (Hrl 6398)4b : Þat he be nowt redyn with-oute spores.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1814 : Þe best werreours ben hee..Bothe wight and boolde to abiden And stronge in armoure hors to riden.
- a1500(?a1425) Ipom.(2) (Hrl 2252)1005 : The whyche..Will..many an hors ryde to dede Or I come there þat me most nede.
b
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)2504 : At a cite he abod Whyle a man his message rod.
11.
(a) To ride along (a path, road); (b) to ride on (one's way, journey); ~ courses, make one's way on horseback; (c) to ride through (an area, a county); (d) ~ the fraunchise [see fraunchis(e n.4.(b)].
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)4.42 : Þanne resoun rode faste þe riȝte heiȝe gate.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.49 : Þanne seye we a samaritan sittende on a mule, Rydynge ful rapely þe riȝt weye we ȝeden.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)689 : Mony wylsum way he rode.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)3/10 : I schall tell þe way þat þai schall hald þider, for I hafe many tymes passed and riden it in gude company of lordes.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)583 : Lord, wheþer it be maystrie to knowe, Whan a man ofte haþ sundry weyes ride, Which is þe beste?
- (a1450) Paston2.522 : iij men..mette with the friere in the feld and spake with hym a gode while, and than redyn the same wey that thei come.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5329 : Þai come vnto a toune And rade þe stretys vp and doune; Þe Innes were all full set Þat gestnyng moght þai get nane.
b
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.856 : With that word we ryden forth oure weye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1562 : Ryd thanne forth thi wey.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)11427 : Þir kinges rides forth þair rade.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5205 : Þe kyng forþ rideþ his journay.
- (1402) Hoccl.Cupid (Hnt HM 744)106 : Now prike on faste and ryde thy iourneye.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)310/26 : Þus when he had his pray, he rade his ways.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)21/11 : Ulphuns and Brastias bare the two knyghtes oute of their sadils to the erth and so leffte them lyynge and rode their wayes.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)13/37 : He..took his hors and rode his way.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)202 : Thei rode so her iournes till thei com to Tarsaide.
c
- (1464) Paston2.295 : It is seid þat the Kyng wole ride Sussexe, Kent, Essexe, Suffolk, and Norffolk, and so to the parlement.
- (1471) Paston (EETS)1.441 : I kan not her by pylgrymes..ner noon other man þat rydethe er gothe any contre, þat any borow town in Ingelonde is free from þat sykenesse.
12.
(a) To ride (a pass or course) in jousting, or as if in jousting; ~ a cours to (unto), joust with (sb.), charge in battle; (b) ~ bataille, to ride as part of a division of an army; (c) to ride through (a land, country) so as to ravage or plunder, conquer.
Associated quotations
a
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)1443 : Whene he hade redene courses thre, Alle had joye, þat hym gane see.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)454 : What knyght was he þat rod best cours?
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)6287 : He rode his cours to þe stage, And in þe face he smot þe ymage.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)348/19 : Whanne he hed y-rede certeyne cours, hit, and saw he myȝt not haue þe bettyr, yaf it ouyr, and wolde no more of his chalang.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)348/24 : One Kocborne..chalanged Sir Nicholl Hawberke..and redyn v cours.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)375 : Take þi schild and þi spere And ride to him a course on werre.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)506 : Gawan hase my rawunsun made For a course þat he rode And felle him in þe fild brode.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)5098 : Furth he gothe in to the feld..And rode a course onto kyng lamedon.
b
- c1450(c1430) Brut-1430 (Glb E.8)400/4 : The ffirste bataill thei and he redenn, and her backes toward the Cite; and that othir bataill come oute of the wode.
c
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)52 : Whene he thys rewmes hade redyn & rewlyde the pople, Then rystede that ryall and helde þe rounde tabyll.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2598 : A prynce es my fadre..He has bene rebell to Rome and reden theire landes Werreyand weisely wyntters and ȝeres.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1940 : Þis child..Has reden all oure regions & raymed oure landis.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4291 : Ane of þe hostes to ȝorke yode, All þat regioun rent and rode; Þai held it as þair awen.
13.
Misc. transitive senses: (a) of bones: to lack proper alignment so as to overlap or rest upon (each other); (b) to copulate with (a mare); (c) ~ up, ?to present (mounted men) at a muster.
Associated quotations
a
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2516 : He..shewid his hondis tho, Strecching forth his fyngirs, in siȝt ouer al aboute, Without[en] knot or knor, or eny signe of goute; And clyȝte hem efft ageyns, riȝt disfetirly, Som to ride eche othir, & som a-weyward wry.
b
- a1450 Treat.Horses (Sln 2584)113/374 : Take þen v silken þredus & þre heres of an hors taile þat neuer rode mare.
c
- (1454) Doc.in HMC Rep.5 App.491 : Item, paid to Laurens off Borow for rydyng up Dover, for to have pardonyng that we should not ryde up so many men as the said warant comaundhyt, 2 s. 4 d.
14.
In surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1218-19) Nickname in LuSE 55151 : Ad. Rideway.
- (1327) Nickname in LuSE 55151 : Ric. Ridhout.
- (1327) Nickname in LuSE 55151 : Henr. Ridout.
- (1379) Nickname in LuSE 55151 : Will. Rydhowt.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (1469) Ordin.Househ.Clarence in PSAL (1790)99 : Summe of the whole number of the ridinge housholde, 188 persones.
Note: Means retenue of staff, servants etc. one takes with one when travelling (as opposed to those attached to the permanent residence who do not travel--per MJW
Note: ppl. as adj.
Note: We missed this - ridinge hous-hold contrasts to stondinge hous-hold --per MJW