Middle English Dictionary Entry
pleien v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | pleien v.(1) Also plei(e, pleiȝe(n, plein(e & plaien, plain, plai(e, plaigen, plauen, plau(e, (?error) plawegh & (early SWM) plæie, pleoie, plohien. Forms: sg.3 pleieth, etc. & pleieht; pl. pleieth & (N) plaies; pl. impv. plaieth & (N) plaies; ppl. pleiinge, etc. & pleigne; p. pleiede, etc. & plaiȝid, plaiit & (early SWM) pleoide, pleuwede, ploȝede, plaȝede; pl. pleieden, etc. & (errors) pleneden, plydyn & (early SWM) pleoden, pleoweden, pleouweden; ppl. i)pleied, i)pleid, i)plaid, plaied. |
Etymology | OE; cp. WS plegian, plegan, p. plegode; A plægian, plagian, p. plægade, plagade, pleagade, pleogode. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
(a) To play; have fun, enjoy oneself, be merry; be joyful; also, watch games [quot.: c1450(?a1400)]; ?also fig. [quot.: (a1398)]; (b) of animals, birds, fish: to play, frisk, flutter; also, in proverb; -- also in comparison of man and bird; (c) of children: to engage in childish play; -- also used derisively of adults; (d) to make a noise or motion, exult; of a child in the womb: leap for joy; ~ with honde(s, ~ hondes, clap the hands, applaud; (e) ~ with, to play with (sb., an angel, a child, children), disport with, dally with; also, torment (sb.); (f) ~ with, to play with (sth., an animal, animals); dally with (the world), disport with; ~ mid, play with (sth., an animal); ~ therwith, play with it; (g) to take time off, take a vacation; ~ a pilgrimage, go on a pilgrimage for relaxation; (h) to entertain (sb.), amuse, please; of a book: be for enjoyment, be humorous, entertain.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14995 : Sweines þer ploȝeden; blisse wes mid þeinen.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)139/6 : Þenk hu anliche he lið fram alle hise felawȝes ðe he was bewune mide to drinken and to pleiȝen.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)49/536 : Weila..þet ti sari sawle & ti sorhfule gast schal wið swucche ploiueren pleien in helle.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1676 : Alle singinde somet..alle pleiende [vr. pleinde] somet, alle lahinde somet.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)163/18 : Sire, þus ich pleide oðer spec ichirche.
- a1275 *Body & S.(4) (Trin-C B.14.39)29 : Bodi, þu ne mait nout lepen to plaien [vr. leiken] ne to rage.
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)254 : Grete compaygnie men i-seoth of heom [elves] boþe hoppie and pleiȝe.
- a1325 SLeg.John (Corp-C 145)354 : Þou miȝt þat soþe here ise, Þat pleinde man þe bet may in Godes seruise be.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11197 : Þe bailif hii bede ofte to graunti hor solas, To pleie.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)213/33 : Me ne may naȝt alneway..by at cherche; huet kuead is hit yef ich guo playe and solaci?
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3666 : Nettes of gold threed hadde he greet plentee To fisshe in Tybre whan hym liste pleye.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Zech.8.5 : Streetis of the citee shuln be fulfillid with infauntis and maydens pleyinge in the streetis of it.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.215 : Iohn..hadde ipreched aȝenst wommen þat pleyde [Higd.(2): women pleyenge; L mulieres ludentes] aboute þe ymage of Eudoxia.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3858 : Diuerse folk diuersely they seyde, But for the moore part they loughe and pleyde.
- (c1391) Gower CA Suppl.(Bod 294)prol.85* : I made my beheste To make a bok..Which may be wisdom to the wise And pley to hem that lust to pleye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)8a/a : I schal spare Woodes, medes, and feldes, Place þat I haue pleyed Inne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5623 : Þe kings doghter plaiand yod And sagh þe vessel on þe flodd.
- ?a1400 Guy(1) (Sln 1044)627/124 : Þes bolde men syngen and plawen.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)8.12 : Kinges & kniȝtes þat kepen holy chirche..Han pardoun..Wiþ patriarkes in paradis to pleiȝe þereaftir.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)787 : As he stared into þe strete þer stout men played, He syȝe þer swey in asent swete men tweyne.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.267 : Withinne the temple he wente hym forth pleyinge.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1329 : In that gardyn gan I goo, Pleyyng along full meryly.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3845 : Elydour þorow a wode schold wende ffor to pleye by o ryuer.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2267 : To þe castell of Corynthi he comes with his ost, With þe Pers of þa partese to play on þe toures.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)12 : The Kyng..talkyng and playng with the lordes..spak of many dyvers maters.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)10650 : Þe body..shal rote away Þat was wonte to game and play.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)892 : Wind stod on willen; ploȝede þe wilde fisc.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)486 : Ich þenche of oþer þinge Þane to pleien oþer to singe.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)13447 : Hit gan to daȝeȝe and þe deor to pleoye [Clg: waȝeȝen].
- c1390 Þe mon þat is (Vrn)98 : Suche men ben ofte al-one Ilet To pleye as þe foul in þe lift.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23342 : We haf here on sunni dai To se fixs in a water plai.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)prol.173 : Ȝif him [the cat] list for to laike, þenne loke we mowen And peren in his presence þer while hym plaie liketh.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)3852 : This beest..Cowde playe and make gret disport.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.671 : I have no cause..for to sore As doth an hauk that listeth for to pleye.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)58/1694 : Ther shalle we here the birdis synge and pley Right as the wood therwith shulde forshyuere.
- c1450 Ryl.Prov.& R.(Ryl Lat 394)93 : As longe pleyeth þe whelpe as þe olde hounde wyll.
- c1450 Ryl.Prov.& R.(Ryl Lat 394)93 : While the welpe pleyes, þe olde dog grennys.
- c1460 Of alle mennys (Dub 432)88 : Þe buk and þe dogges playde by and by.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)698 : Ther kam a dowe whyt as snowh, With hys wynges splayng oute, Plauynge rovnd hyr hond aboute.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.53 : Hir lytill hound..with his bellis playit on the ground.
c
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)7 : Þa children ploȝeden in þere strete, heriende ure drihten.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1201 : Merlin in þe strete þo pleyd.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)216 : A werwolf..chased him þurth chaunce þere þe child pleide.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)361 : Greteþ..my freyliche felawes, þat..[I] han..pleide wiþ ofte.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2241 : Now ete youre mete and lat the cherl go pleye -- Lat hym go hange hym self, a deuel weye!
- a1400 PPl.C (Corp-C 293)13.48 : Pleye [Hnt: the porter vnpynnede þe gate..and leet þe remenant go rome].
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1594 : Vp þai setten her magnels, And arblastes, wiþ querels, And sendeþ Alisaunder to seye He goo to Macedoyne and pleye.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1729 : Wende þou hom þerewiþ and pleye, Jch þee rede, ȝonge boye!
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)1273 : Als þey pleyȝede in þat st[e]de, On of his felawes..gon cryȝe on Merlyn.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)3712 : He hadde a while walkude þus Among þe children & seyȝe hem play.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)940 : It be fell..Þat childre suld to gydre play.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)64/16 : Tho childyrn..he tawt for to pley in dew tyme.
d
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)127 : Þat child..floxede and pleide to-genes hire.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)42/20 : A child bigon to pleien toȝeines ham [Mary's words]; þet wes sein iuhan in his moder wombe.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)46.1 : Ȝe alle folk, plaieþ wyþ hondes [L plaudite manibus]; gladeþ to God in voice of ioie.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)46.1 : Alle genge, plaies with hend til heuen; Miries to god in gladful steuen.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)97.8 : Stremes sal plaie handes samen; Hilles glade sal with gamen.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.2 Merch.(Hrl 2255)136 : For verray ioye he felte his herte pleye.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)46.1 : All genge, playes with hend.
e
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)110/10 : Þe deoflen schulen pleien wið him mid hare scharpe eawles.
- a1300 A Mayde Cristes (Jes-O 29)133 : Alle heo schule wyþ engles pleye, some & sauhte in heouene lyhte.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)951 : It ne was non so litel knaue..Þat he ne wode with him pleye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1249 : He..preyed hath daun Iohn That he sholde come to Seint Denys and pleye With hym and with his wyf a day or tweye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)292a/b : Þe wolf is an euel beste; whanne he hath non honger he is ful hardy and loueþ wel to play wiþ a childe if he may take him; he sleeþ him afterward and eteþ him atte laste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12364 : Þe quilpes ran be-for his fete; To plai wit him þam thoght suete.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.840 : As hire [Fortune] list, she pleyeth [vr. pleyeht] with free and bonde.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)98/4 : Whanne oure lord suffrith us to be tempted in oure bigynnynge, he pleieþ wiþ us as þe modir with hir child.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)25/4 : Riȝt so doiþ God wiþ vs as [þe] norys wiþ hire child, þat sche mykil loueþ: When sche seeþ hym wraþful or wepe, sche wiþ hym pleyeþ & ȝyueþ hym what so he wole haue.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)p.167 : Symeon pleyth with þe child.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)177/18 : Socrates..was mokked of Achipiades by cause he founde him playing with litle childyrn.
f
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3478 : Æuere-elche dæi he pleuwede mid his deoren.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8261 : Þet [?read: Let] þine hired-childeren pleien [Otho: pleoye] mid þissen hunde, scotien mid heore flan.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)135/1 : Ne lat hie [Honestas] nawht ðe hande pleiȝende mid stikke ne mid strawe -- nis þat non god tocne of ripe manne.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)41/2 : Ȝe þe pleieð wið þe world, nule ich ow nawt iheren.
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)401/138 : An hard puf him was blowe aȝen to teche him pleie wiþ fure.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)179/34 : Huanne he [cat] heþ mid hire [mouse] longe yplayd, þanne he his eth.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.45 : I trowe that ye dronken han wyn ape, And that is whan men pleyen with a straw.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)293b/b : Whanne he takeþ a mous, he pleyeþ þerwiþ and eteth him after þe pleye.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1574 : Noyse is gret wiþ tabour and pype; Damoysels playen wiþ peren ripe.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)prol.151 : A cat of a courte..pleyde wiþ hem perilouslych.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5779 : He [a drunk] with a strawe pleyeth like an ape.
- c1440 HBk.GDei (Thrn:Horstmann)317 : Ȝe þat playes with the werlde, I ne here ȝow noghte.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)396 : Wyth þe Werld I wyl go play.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)767 : Bydde hym make þe maystyr in hys house, Wyth penys and powndys for to pleye.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1712 : He..in dispite sendis First a ball..þe barne with to play.
- a1475 Mourn.Hare (Brog 2.1)76 : With leke-worttes I am eette a-none, And whelpes play with my skyne!
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.B.950 : Into a corner preuely woll he reche And talke with maydenes and mennes wyffis, Pleye with her purces, keyes, and knyves.
g
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.281 : Hit is homeliche oþerwhile to a wise man for to pleie..to refresche hym self and to make hym more strong to dedes of vertues.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1423 : We may..kepen oure estat in pryuetee Til we be dede or elles that we pleye A [vr. pleie On] pilgrymage or goon out of the weye.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)prol.20 : Summe putte hem to plouȝ, pleiȝede [vrr. playȝid, plydyn] ful selde.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)12.25 : Of holy men I herde..how þei otherwhile Pleyden, þe parfiter to be.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.3668 : Ech sholde regne a yeer, The tother, absent, go pleie & come no neer.
h
- (c1390) Gower CA 1st Concl.(Bod 902)8.3057* : In such wise as I ferst tolde, Whan I this bok began to make, In som partie it mai be take As for to lawhe and forto pleye; And forto loke in other weye, It mai be wisdom to the wise.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)25/10 : On al maner he sekiþ oure loue for to wynne & of his goodnes he vs ȝyueþ & bekeneþ vs al, pleyande vs to stille.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)25/22 : He ȝyueþ vs þat we desyre..of þis worldis good to pleye vs wiþ [vr. as pleiyng wiþ vs to plese vs].
1b.
(a) Refl. To disport oneself, amuse oneself, have fun; -- also used of animals; ben gon hem to ~, of one's wits: be absent; (b) refl. ~..with, to play with (sb. or sth.), amuse oneself with, disport with.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)597 : A Nonne þare was of on Abbeie, þat in a day hire ȝeode pleiȝe.
- c1300 SLeg.Kenelm (LdMisc 108)148 : Þis child scholde wende An hontingue to pleiȝen him.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2450 : He..went to plaien him on þe plain.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1503 : He..Is riden into the feeldes hym to pleye.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)458 : Þe kyng was gon to pleye him bi a water brimme.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.364 : Diana naked stod To bathe and pleie hire in the flod.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.905 : Vnto a gardyn..They goon and pleye hem al the longe day.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3025 : Bitide apon a dai it fell Þat þir breþer þam plaijd samen.
- a1400 Wycl.MPl.(Add 24202)p.56 : The more eldere a man waxith, the more it is aȝen kynde hym for to pleyn.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1729 : As þai playd þam on þe sand, Ilke child made hym with hys hand A podell.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)70 : Þe hidre door of þi kenel shuld alway be opyn by cause þat þe houndes may go with oute to play hem whan hem likeþ.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2411 : She preied hym abyde..In the castel to pley hym and disporte.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)113 : Fairer plaiyng non saugh I Than playen me by that ryver.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)21/23 : Þou ert cropen out of þe lande of Sethym, wenynge wit a few rebawdez to conquere..þe landez of Perse..& to ryotte & playe the in thaym as myesse douse in þe house whare na cattes ere.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)376 : He pleieþ hym esily and myrily wiþynne hous.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)1122 : Al this tyme wente hire sone..abowte jn the towr and him gan to pleye.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)105 : He vnderstondeþ no þing what men seye, So ben his wyttes fer gon hem to pleye.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1584 : Late men þat arn on þe pyttys brynke..do penaunce as hem good þynke, And cum and pley þe a whyle.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)133/212 : Go we nowe..To playe vs in som othir place.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)236/26 : A man ne may not alwey bidde bedes..what euele is it ȝif I go pleie me?
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5826 : Þar ware childre dyuers rynnand In þe strete and þaim playand.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)837 : I pley me þer wen I lyst rawe.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)14 : Oure Kyng went..To pley hym be a ryver side.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)445 : Launcelot they saw..Walke on the wallis hym to play.
b
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)53/756 : He lost al togedere And leue hedde to pley him wiþ a fedre.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)13139 : His broþer doghter gente & smalle come playand hir wiþ a balle.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)26/6 : In þis felde also er vii welles whare Criste in his ȝouthede was wont for to play him with oþer childer.
- c1425 PNoster R.Hermit (Dur-C A.4.22)p.159 : He loued..þis gentil foul to pleie hym þer wiþ.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1851 : Go pley ȝou wyth Syr Coyeytyse.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)312/31 : He was war of a little childe þer on þe see-bank, playing hym with little stonys.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)181 : A crooked staf me lakketh..and a bal to pleye me with.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)211 : The emperour..drew [read: threw] þat hedde wyth lowryng chere Into þe lady barm, And seyde: 'Pley þe wyth þat ball.'
2.
(a) To play amorously; make love, engage in sexual intercourse; -- also refl.; ~ game (plei, etc.) make love; (b) ~ with, to play amorously with (sb.); have sexual intercourse with; -- also refl.; ~ game (wille).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1300 Sirith (Dgb 86)438 : Þou most gange awai Wile ich and hoe shulen plaie.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)604 : So longe hii..pleide such game Þat hii adde an doȝter.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2617 : Tristrem wiþ ysonde lay Þat niȝt..And wok And plaiden ay bitvene.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)766 : So þai plaid in word & dede, Þat he wan hir maidenhede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1020 : William wold fonde for to pleie in þat place þe priue loue game.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1058 : Wiþ alle listes of loue..priueli vnperceyued þei pleyed to-gedere.
- c1390 NHom.Martin AM (Vrn)70 : A Clerk spac wiþ a Burgeys douhter so þat synful pley þei pleyed þo.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1764 : Thei were wedded in the nyht..And sche began to pleie and rage.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1841 : A man may do no synne with his wyf..For we han leue to pleye vs by the lawe.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4827 : Of her body fruyt to get They yeve no force, they are so set Upon delit to pley in-feere.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)5265 : He was in wylle..To haue pleyed the comon play Of which these lovers haue such plesaunce.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)1819 : Whem [read: when] ham lust haue solace of man, Ouer the water thei wille than And plaie ham there a daie or tway.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)31/15 : Þe Manicheis held her skoles be nyth, and þedir cam both men and women, and all sodeynly aftir þe lesson þe lith schuld be blow out and þan schuld þei pley, as Wiclif disciples played, 'Sistir, me nedith'.
- a1475 Gawain & CC (Brog 2.1)477 : He..bade her aryse and go to þe knyȝt And wern hyme nott to playe.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)508 : Thei..fellen down on a grete bedde and pleyde the comen pley.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)95/305 : Marie and I playd neuer so sam.
- c1500 O lorde so (Hnt EL 1160)2 : So swett ser Iohn dothe kys, at euery tyme when he wolde pley.
b
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2016 : One and stille ðogt hire gamen Wið ioseph speken and plaigen samen.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)760 : Þe eldest soster..A ȝong man lete wiþ hir play.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1105 : It was þe persone of her toun Haþ ypleyd wiþ þi dame And biȝat þe al a-game.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1265 : In yrlond nas no kniȝt Wiþ ysonde durst play.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)678 : Liked him his layk wiþ þe ladi to pleie.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3484 : It was to wyues lecherie and shame In oother cas if that men with hem pleyde.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.26.8 : Abymalech..seeȝ hym pleying [L iocantem] with rebecca hys wyf.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3273 : On a day this hende Nicholas Fil with this yonge wyf to rage and pleye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1571 : 'Namoore,' quod she, 'by god, ye haue ynough!' And wantownely agayn with hym she pleyde.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7895 : Prest wel y-lettred ys to blame, Þat letteþ nat..To pley with wommen and to rage.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)392 : Offe he cast his dragons hame And wiþ þe lefdy playeþ his game.
- a1425(c1300) NHom.(1) Abp.& N.(Ashm 42)p.80 : Allgate buse me with hir playe.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)1564 : Whan þe list with þi wyf pleye, Þi conceyt holdeþ it good and lisible To doon.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1577 : Goo ageyn, þe deuelys mat, And pleye þe a whyle wyth Sare and Sysse.
- c1450 All this day (Cai 383/603)p.306 : Jakke wol brynge me onward in my wey, Wyth me desyre for te play.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)138/16 : Whanne sche hath slep, let hir pleyen with hir housbond.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)313 : Dame..it is long sith I lovid you; go we nowe þidir and lat me play with the.
3.
(a) To play a game, play, gamble; also fig. [quot.: (a1449)]; (b) ~ a game; to play a game; ~ games (buk-hide, etc.), play games (blindman's buff, etc.); ~ abobbed (sitisot) [see also abobbed ppl., sitisot n.]; (c) ~ at games; ~ at hasard (tables, etc.); ~ at (the) ches (des); ~ at the cheker (mereles, etc.); ~ with des; ~..at the des, to play (one's part) by gambling, play a risky game; (d) to use (sth.) as a stake in a game; ~ with, hazard (one's soul); (e) ppl. pleiinge, as noun: playing.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4056 : Summen pleoden on tæuelbrede.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)346 : Whane þescheker is forþ ibroȝt, Biþute panes ne plei þu noȝt.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)358 : Ȝerne he wille þe bidde & preie Þat þu come amoreȝe & pleie.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)310 : A cheker he fond bi a cheire; He asked who wold play.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)45/17 : Þe tende boȝ of auarice byeþ kueade gemenes, ase byeþ þe gemenes of des and of tables..huer me playþ uor pans.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.75 : He..sigh þere a kynges hous of gold and knyȝtes of golde, pleyenge wiþ dees of gold.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)53/753 : Þis mon went aboute faste to pleye And lost faste his moneye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)250a/a : Tabula is a playinge borde þat men pleyeþ on at þe dys and oþere games.
- a1400(c1250) Floris (Eg 2862)694 : Þow shalt answere alþerfirst, Lenger to play þe ne lyst.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.2 Merch.(Hrl 2255)551 : I pley sool, I am almoost chek-maat; That whilom hadde my menee me aboute, Now destitut I am beshet withoute.
b
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)221/22 : Þe ancre ne hire meiden ne plohien worldliche gomenes ed te þurle.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1214 : Ysmael pleide hard gamen.
- a1325(?c1300) Caiphas (Sln 2478)32 : A welsooþ sawe soþlich ys seyd; 'Ech god game ys god y-pleyd'.
- a1325 SLeg.Juliana (Corp-C 145)184 : He nessel me wraþþi namore; ichelle pleie oþer game.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.678 : Thei scholde, in the londes guise..Here comun game thanne pleie.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)16623 : Wit him [Jesus] þai plaid sitisott [Trin-C: pleiden a bobet] and badd þat suld rede Quilk o þaim him gaf þe dint.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.250 : For the have I bigonne a gamen pleye.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.460 : Kanstow playen raket, to and fro, Nettle in, dok out, now this, now that?
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)5.2701 : Kyng Fraactes..Sent hym thre dees forgid squar of gold, To pleye raket as a child chaungable.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)404 : Pleyyn buk hyde: Angulo, in exangulatus, deliteo.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)618 : Fals Fortune hath pleyd a game Atte ches with me, allas!
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)1357 : Persones and prestis..liggen at London in lorden courtz And pleyen lille for lalle with many levde light.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)44/5 : The wyse mastir ought to kepe himselfe..that the childe also see him not playe no nyce playes.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)104/36 : They shulde vse all maner of pleyes and disportes whiche was conuenable to pleye for money.
- a1500 Sum be mery (BodPoet e.1)p.91 : Some cane pley check mat with owr syere.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)13/166 : I have not played raket, nettil in, docke out, and with the wethercocke waved.
c
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)344 : Þenne he wule..bidde þe pleie at þe escheker.
- a1350 Ne mai no lewed (Hrl 2253)79 : Seþþen y pleide at bisshopes plee, ah me were leuere be sonken y þe see.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)3177 : Go we togider..At tables to pleye & at ches.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)52/30 : Me deþ manye kueades, ase playe ate ches oþer ate tables.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.121 : When þe same duke plaied at þe chesse, hym was ȝoven a viste of gold.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.467 : They daunce and pleyen at dees bothe day and nyght.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.608 : Pleiynge atte hasard he hem fond.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.54 : Fulofte he takth aweye his fees, As he that pleieth ate Dees.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1044 : Ȝyf þou..Hauntyst tauerne..To pley at þe ches or at þe tablere, [etc.].
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)247/19 : I lokide to him, & wiþinne a monþe he miȝt se to pleie at þe tabler.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3293 : Þe ribaude plaieþ at þe dys.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)23/12 : Melechmanser..on a day pleyed at the chess.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)101/24 : In dwe tyme men may wele pley at such games.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11392-3 : Somme pleide wyþ des & tables, & somme pleide at hasard fast.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)806 : Þi part is pleyed al at þe dys.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)162/4830,4834 : In this wyndow pleide we at the lorche..And there at post and piler did she play.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)174/5203 : I fond a company, some yong, some olde, That gan eche othir fast in armys hold, For at the post and piler did þei play.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)924 : Berinus..lovid..for to pley at hazard.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11192 : I wyl nat spare To..pleyn at the merellys.
d
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)278/9-10 : Aftir tyme þei han þus played wiþ her soul in cursid lyuyng and so put it to þe feendis hondis, þanne þei pleye þe temperal goodis..of holy chirche.
e
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)3965 : Þe kniȝtes atyled hom..Wiþ pleyn de [B: pleiȝinge] atte tables oþer atte chekere.
4.
(a) To play martial or athletic games; joust, fight; also, fight playfully [quot.: PPl.B]; also refl. fight each other, joust; (b) pleiing thede, ?sporting or hunting folk; ~ sword, a practice sword; ~ at (the) bal, ~ game; ~ bal under fot, to be trampled; fig. be humbled; ~ at the bokeler, ~ at sword, fence; ~ in the feld(es, ~ at the paume, ~ at tenis; etc.; (c) ~ with, to contend with (sb. or sth.), fight against; also, use (a weapon); ~ with the falling turn [see falling ppl. 2. (f)]; ~ with repentailles, fight with repentance, regret having fought; (d) ~ a pleie, to fight a fight; ~ his pleie, do martial deeds, fight; also, finish his act, finish his fight; (e) ~ bal-of, to lose one's head.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4062 : Þeos tweien cnihtes bigunnen mid sceldes to scurmen; ærst heo pleoweden [Otho: pleoiden] and seoððe pliht makeden.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4188 : Þa gunnen heo to pleien, summe mid foten..summe an heorse.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12327 : Summe heo on uelde pleouweden vnder scelde.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12335 : Alle þa lafdies leoneden ȝeond walles to bihalden þa duȝeðen and þat folc plæie [Otho: pleoye].
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1911 : Out at þe gate com a kniȝt & a seriaunt..To plain [vr. to pley] hem boþe yfere.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1195 : William..so wiȝtliche pleide, þat he slow six of þe grettes[t].
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)130 : Gamelyn wiþ þe pestel made hem alle agast..Alle þey drowe by halues þo he gan to pleyȝe.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1568 : Þe knightes went þam forto play; Ful really þai rade obout..To justing and to turnament.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)21417 : Sum plaide on horse and sum on fote.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)13.604 : Go we now..And herkene how Seraphes gan to pleye.
- (1456) Invent.Armory in Archaeol.16123 : Furst viij swerds and a long blade of a swerde made in Wafters..for to lerne the King to play in his tendre age.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)13/14 : Alle knyghtes that wold juste or tourneye there myght playe.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)197 : Ȝyf thou wylt with me fyȝt, Do arme the anone ryght, And go we pley in same!
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)235 : Cornelius the knyȝt..come with the aduersarijs ayenste the Emperour, the whiche wolde play.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)75/18 : Thay..Leppen vpon har stedes..and..pleydyn [vr. pleneden] and prikkedyn in the felde ayeyne othyr.
b
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)4052 : Weren alle þe gomes dronge of wine and pleoiden in þan feldes mid sceaftes and mid scealdes.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)12329 : Somme driuen balles ouer al þan [f]eldes; Manione cunnes game þat hii gonne pleoye [Clg: driuen].
- c1300 SLeg.Cuth.(LdMisc 108)4 : With ȝounge children he pleide at þe bal.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)291 : He tauȝt..euerich playing þede Old lawes and newe.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)661 : Þe þrid hym techeþ to pleye atte balle.
- c1400 Dream Bk.(2) (Sln 1609)64 : Gladiatores. To seen men pleyin at the bokeleer and with hem pleye bi-toknith gret angwysh.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)31/20 : While wele & woo pleyen at þe balle, neþur of hem kan holde longe þe balle stille.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)21412 : Laidise ouer þe walles bihelde How knightes plaiede in þe felde.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)404 : Pleyyn at the bal: Pililudo.
- c1460(a1449) Lydg.Look TM (Hrl 2255)117 : Lat fals presumpcioun pley bal vndir foote.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)16 : Whane he playd there at the pawme, the ballis that he plaid withe oft ranne yn at that fowle hole.
- (1457) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)387 : He sawe þe forsaid Richard Taillour þere pleying atte swerd with þe forsaid Rouley.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)7.201 : This Lucianus, willynge to play at the balle, putte his weddynge rynge on the fynger of an ymage nye to hym.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)783/19 : Spata: a pleyend swerd.
- (?a1500) Rec.Norwich 2317 : And that no maner man wyth in the cite pleye atte tenyes ne coyting ne dises ne non other disonest pleyes up on peyne of prisonment.
c
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)13/186 : Vs he dude lede In to a galeie, Wiþ þe se to pleie.
- c1300 SLeg.Jas.(LdMisc 108)53 : We schulle sone..with heom on vrþe pleiȝe Faste i-bounde..we schulle heom bringue.
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)176 : He pleyde with þe fallingue tourn so wel he couþe hine do.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2334 : Tvelue fete was þe wand Þat vrgan wald wiþ play; His strok may no man stand.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)262 : Stifest vnder stel-gere on stedes to ryde..Preue for to play wyth in oþer pure laykez.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)21415 : Sum plaiede with swerdes and sum with spers.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)77/28 : Thi mercy, Lord, made thy sone sprede hise armes vpon þe cros; þere pleyede deeþ with liif and liif wiþ deeþ.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)6248 : When he his cosyn ded saw, Him lyked noght with Ector plaw.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11838 : Wonder were elles, or art me failles, But þey pleye wyþ repentailles.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)575 : Ryde now forþ, þou wodeschrewe, And pleye wiþ hem þat is þy pere!
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1557 : My lord, wyth sper and scheld, Comeþ wyth yow to play.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)137 : Wyth a swyrde he cowde well pleye.
- c1500 Libeaus (Ashm 61)276/205 : To pley wyth a swerd [Clg: To fyȝte wyth spere or swerd, Somdell Y haue y-lerde].
d
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2251 : 'Now rest,' quaþ Naymes, 'þou proute syre; þou playest a sory play.'
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)307 : Gamelyn ouertook þe porter..And gert him in þe nekke þat þe bon tobrak..and þrew him in a welle..Whan Gamelyn þe yonge þus hadde pleyd his play, Alle þat in þe ȝerde were drewen hem away.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2735 : Þis manly knyȝt..Pleyeth his pley amonge Mirundones.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)759/17 : Yondir sir Palomydes begynnyth to play his play.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1073 : But þou þe rach me leue, Þou pleyyst, er hyt be eue, A wonder wylde game!
e
- (1400) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)7.55 : Kyng Richard and the Erl of Huntyngdon with these other lordes weren in the feld with a gret summe of poeple; and, but everich man wold holde with hem, he schulde pley ballof.
5.
(a) To make light or frivolous talk, jest, joke; ~ with wordes, boast; in pleiinge wise, jestingly; (b) to make sport, tease; ~ of, make fun of (sth.); ~ upon, ridicule (sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8652 : Þus þe vnwise king plaȝede [Otho: pleoyde] mid worden, ah al an oðer hit iwærð oðer he iwende.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3958 : Was noon..That with hire dorste rage or ones pleye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4068 : This millere..with the clerkes pleyde Til that hir corn was faire and wel ygrounde.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.958 : 'Now,' quod oure hoost, 'I wol no lenger pleye With thee ne with noon oother angry man.'
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.2532 : Troilus stod with Criseide, Bot evere among, althogh he pleide, Be semblant he was hevy chiered.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.192 : Myn entente nys but for to pleye.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1389 : Housbonde and wyf, what so men iape or pleye, Of worldly folk holden the siker weye.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)10.114 : Meny tymes hem happeþ To prophecien of þe puple, pleyinge [vr. pleigne], as hit were.
- a1450(1419) Loke how Flaundres (Dgb 102)24 : Þat chepen moche and not han to paye, And wiþ his lord to homly wole playe..All are folyes, þat y say.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5053 : He..Costreynes him with his contenance to with his kniȝtis play, Bot þat bot sprang of þe splene; þe sprite was vn-esid.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)12 : As the Kyng plaid at the chesses with oone of his knyghtis, whome yn playng wise he clepid Kyng of Love.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)440 : Wyll ȝe of wyth hys hede! Yt ys a schreude charme!..Ȝe pley; in nomine patris, choppe!
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)96b : To play: jocare.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Is.57.4 : Vp on whom pleyeden [WB(2): scorneden; L lusistis] ȝee?
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.12.169 : Scornestow me..(or elles, Pleyestow or disseyvistow me) that hast so woven me with thi resouns the hous of Dedalus?
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.12.204 : I ne scorne the nat, ne pleie, ne disceyve the.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.204 : Wheþer do ȝe skorne or elles play, And haue to þis laberynt ibroght?
- c1450 Lover's Mass (Frf 16)80 : She that ys fayrest..Hath gladnesse of my syknesse to pleye.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)96b : To play: diludere.
6.
(a) To act in a play; also, gesture; ~ toforen, gesture to (sb.); (b) to enact (a scene or event); perform (a play or pageant); play (a character or role); also fig.; ~ an after-cast, enact a plan made too late; ~ apparaunces, create illusions; ~ his miracles, reenact the miracles of Christ; ~..pagent(es, play (one's) role, do (one's) part; ~ parcel, play a role; (c) to act like a type of character or animal; ~ the brethel (fol, fals shreue, galaunt, tiraunt, etc.); ~ (the) lioun, fight fiercely; ~ jakke the hare, pursue something aimlessly, waste time; (d) to pretend; also, play (a trick); ~ siker, pretend to be certain; ~ a cast, play a trick; pleiinge bisinesse, feigned solicitude, doting care; (e) to behave; ~ faire, play fair, be nice; ~ par assent (in fere), act willingly together or in concert.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)6578 : Merlin þo toforn hem pleyd And cleped vp king Arthour and Ban And her feren fram Leodegan.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.903 : Þer cam out men gastful of her cheris, Disfigurid her facis with viseris, Pleying by signes in þe peples siȝt.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)p.1 : Mankyndeis bed schal be vndyr þe castel, and þer schal þe sowle lye vndyr þe bed tyl he schal ryse and pleye.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3384 : Som tyme to shewe his lightnesse and maistrye He pleyeth Herodes vpon a scaffold hye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.904 : Whan the grete Stiede Is stole, thanne he [Negligence]..makth the stable dore fast; Thus evere he pleith an aftercast Of al that he schal seie or do.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1141 : For I am siker that ther be sciences By whiche men make diuerse apparences Swiche as thise subtile tregetours pleye [vr. pleine].
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4642,4647 : He may yn þe cherche..Pley þe resurreccyun..And he may pleye, withoutyn plyght, howe God was bore yn ȝole nyght.
- a1400 Wycl.MPl.(Add 24202)43 : Whanne we pleyin his myraclis..God takith..venjaunce.
- a1400 Wycl.MPl.(Add 24202)57 : At the day of dome and in the blisse of hevene, we shul ben more glorious, in as myche as we pleyn betere thre forseid perselis heer.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.15 : Alle þer garmentis þat þei han ben atire taken of þe fend to playe þer pagyn among men.
- c1425 Pes lordyngs (DurDCM 1.2 Archid.Dun.60)5 : Þat we ȝow play, it is no les.
- c1425 Pes lordyngs (DurDCM 1.2 Archid.Dun.60)34 : Ȝe sall her, and ȝe will dwell, How þat it sall be plaied.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)267 : If he wolde pleie þis parcel wiþoute hope to haue þe faukun, þanne dide he vndiscretely.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)p.1 : He þat schal pley belyal, loke þat he haue gunnepowdyr brennyn[ge] In pypys in hys handys and in hys erys and in hys ars whanne he gothe to batay[1].
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)132 : Þese parcell in propyrtes we purpose us to playe.
- (1468) Paston (EETS)1.539 : Many pagentys wer pleyid in hyr wey.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)748/7 : I tolde you that thys day there wolde a knyght play his pageaunte; For yondir rydyth a knyght; ye may se he dothe all knyghtly.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)759/29 : Yondyr rydyth a knyght that playyth his pageauntes.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)1/14 : In þe ffyrst pagent we þenke to play how god dede make þurowe his owyn myth hevyn so clere upon þe fyrst day.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)10/314 : The mawnde of god þer xal they play.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)355/25 : How sche was assumpte here men schul be pleyand.
- 1591(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hnt HM 2)97/445 : Three kinges, as yee shall played see, honored at his nativitye Christe.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.8388 : He gan aftir sewe..lik a wood lyoun; Þis pley he pleyed with hem of þe toun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.976 : Þilke day lyoun pleyed he.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.1950 : Hector on hem..pleyeth þe lyon.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.1074 : In the feld he pleyde the leoun.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1240 : Ye han played the tirant [vr. pleyed tyraunt] neigh to longe.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)27/465 : Þai play not þe fole; Contenualy þai gon to scole.
- a1450(c1433) Lydg.St.Edm.(Hrl 2278)403/381 : Edmond..Among sarseynes..pleied the lioun.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.2629 : Of antiquite The lamb nat vsed to pleie the leoun.
- a1456(a1449) Lydg.SCupid (Add 16165)53 : Þus I pleyde Iacke þe Haare And gane to hoppe a newe trace And sange 'Go, farewell feldfare,' As man forsake in euery place.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)97/34 : Ponthus..playd the foell befor theym and mokked theym.
- (1469) Paston (EETS)1.343 : Sche xal not be souerd there to pleye þe brethele.
- (1473) Paston (EETS)1.458 : Herry Halman hathe pleyed the false shrowe and fellyd my woode.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11662 : Thow shalt..muryely pleyen the Galawnt.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)275 : I haue..pleyde so longe þe foll þat I am ewyn wery wery.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)52 : [Hector's] hors was callid whilom Galathe, Vpon whos bak he pleyed the leoun.
d
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7728 : Antygon he hiȝth in halle, And Alisaunder vnder palle; Longe hij han þus ypleiede.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.2.27 : The pleyinge [L Ludens] bysynes of men yeveth hem [birds] honyed drynkes and large metes with swete studye.
- ?c1450 I loue (Mrg B 21)p.286 : I..do wel and dred nouȝt, pley sekyr and sey nouȝt.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)130/447 : Bot I play a fals cast, Trust me no more.
e
- a1400 Wycl.MPl.(Add 24202)43 : God takith more venjaunce on us than a lord that sodaynly sleeth his servaunt for he pleyide to homely with hym.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)2022 : A, Mekenesse, Charyte, and Pacyens, Prymrose pleyeth parlasent [?read: par asent].
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)268/365 : Playes faire in feere.
- c1460 Of alle mennys (Dub 432)94 : These curre dogges before dyd not so; Þe buk and þey played parasent.
7.
(a) To perform; ~ biforen, entertain (sb.); (b) to make music, play; also, play (music, songs, etc.); fig. ~ an other gle, sing another tune; ~ at (on, upon), play on (an instrument); (c) to dance (a dance); of the sun: hang, dance.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.16.25 : Þey comawndidyn þat Sampson schulde ben cleped & beforn hem pleyen [WB(2) vr. bepleie], þe whiche lad out fro þe prisoun pleyede beforn hem.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.2423 : Every menstral hadde pleid.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.219 : Iogelours pleyen at thise festes grete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)302a/b : Whanne he is y-take, he [the bear] is..y-bounde with cheynes and compelled to pleye and y-tamed wiþ betynge.
b
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)28 : Murie dreameð engles biuoren þin onsene, Pleieð & sweieð & singeð bitweonen.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)10136 : His harpe he wende..and gan þare to pleoye [Clg: gleowien] and moche game makie.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)182/3907 : Ȝhe hadde lerned of minstralcie Vpon a fiþele for to play Staumpes, notes, garibles gay.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3306 : He kiste hir swete and taketh his sautrye And pleyeth faste and maketh melodye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3331,3333 : In twenty manere koude he trippe and daunce..And pleyen songes on a smal rubible..And as wel koude he pleye on a gyterne.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.768 : If ye the mesure pleide Which..I schal you liere, It were a glad thing forto hiere.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)115/4 : Before þaim gase mynstrallez playand on diuerse instrumentes of music.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)85/20 : Orpheus..pleide so sweetly þat alle þe turmentis of helle seecid.
- a1450 SLeg.Suppl.Bod.(Bod 779)350/130 : Bindiþ him..& bringeþ him wit me, & ic him wol teche to pleye an oþer gle!
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1201 : Ther herde I pleyen on an harpe..Orpheus ful craftely.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)11616 : I teche hem..To pleye on sondry Instrumentys.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)177/22 : As olde as he was, he lerned to pleye on the harpe.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)72 : Ande how, mynstrellys, pley þe comyn trace!
- c1484(a1475) Caritate SSecr.(Tak 38)135/20 : It is conuenient to an emperouris mageste to haue..honest personys þat can harp and lwte and pley at orgynnis qwan þat he fyindyth hym-self tedius.
c
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)679 : And the sonne merely, vpward gan she pike, Pleying vndir the egge of þe firmament.
- a1500(c1435) ?Lydg.DM(2) (Lnsd 699)61/434 : Gentil menstral, shewe now thi witt, How thou canst pleye or foote ariht this daunce.
8.
(a) To ply a trade; apply (a craft), employ, ply; ~ with, use (a tool); also refl. ~ me with, employ myself with (sth.), cultivate a virtue; (b) to deal with (sth.), handle.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)3.307 : Eche man to pleye with a plow, pykoys, or spade.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)36 : Bot fyn [read: syn] I am put to a poynt þat pouerte hatte, I schal me poruay pacyence and play me with boþe.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.40.84 : Yf thou wilt pleye this craft with the arisyng of the mone, loke thou rekne wel hir cours houre by houre.
- a1500(c1410) Dives & P.(Htrn 270)1.185 : They hotyn men multiplicacioun, but þey pleyyn al be subtraccioun and bryngyn folc in gret pouert.
b
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.290 : Who so eet of þat seed hardy was..bolde & abydynge bismeres to suffre And playeth al with pacyence.
9.
(a) To boil (sth.); of liquid, a pot of liquid, or something in a pot of liquid: boil rapidly, boil; ~ over, boil over; ~ up, let (sth.) boil vigorously; also, let (sth.) boil with an added ingredient; (b) ~ on, to rush on (somebody's head), surge around.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400 Ancr.(Pep 2498)160/12 : Pot þat plaieþ [Corp-C: walleð swiðe], nyl it ben ouerladen?
- ?a1400 *Albi Reynolds 5081 Recipes (Albi Reynolds 5081)f.23r : For sor eyen: Tak .1. schopyn of whyt wyn, as moch of well water, of alum .1. ℥. of feniel as moch & pley al til þe alum be molte.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)43 : Bollynge owere as pottys plawyn: Ebullicio.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)403 : Plawyn, as pottys: Bullio, ferveo. Plawyn ovyr: Efferveo, ebullio.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)521 : Wellynge, or boylynge of playynge [vr. plawynge] pottys: Ebullicio, bullicio.
- a1450 Bevis (Cai 175/96)162/3455 : [It] dede seþe & playde ffaste [vr. boyled alther faste].
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)296/54-6 : Tak and plaw it ouer þe fyir, And take a porcioun of whete-bren And, as it plawyth, cast þerin.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)298/136 : Pore þerto þe þryde part wyn And plawe is [?read: it] to-gedyr wel and fyne.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)70/4 : Cast þer-on in þe boylyng a quart of red led and lat it plawyn a plaw to-gedre.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)74/4 : Stamp all þese herbis to-gedere and plaw it.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.7 : Take know mylke and play hit up To hit be thykkerede to sup.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.37 : In playand water þou kast hit schalle.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.42 : Fyrst play þy water with hony and salt.
- ?a1475 Noble Bk.Cook.(Hlk 674)100 : Put it unto the pot and boile it..and play it up with cow mylk till yt be enoughe.
- a1485 *Hrl.1735 Cook.Recipes (Hrl 1735)115 (f.17v) : Tak cow melk, playe it vp with a lytyl tyl it be thykke.
- a1500 in Camd.54403 : Take a pot ful of wyne, and..put it ynne a cowdrun ful of water, and layt yt play longe þerin, and yt schal be gode ayselle sone.
- c1500 Recipe MSS Hast.in HMC (Hnt HU 1051)1.426 : To kytt a glasse with a feder, put it in a vesselle with water apon the fyre and let it plawegh welle; Then dyppe a feder in cold water and cut the glasse ther with.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)666 : And I shall with thys dagger so stowte Putt yt down that yt myght plawe, And steare the clothe rounde abowte That nothyng therof shalbe rawe.
b
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)319 : Þe abyme byndes þe body þat I byde inne; Þe pure poplande hourle playes on my heued.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400 PPl.Z (Bod 851)Prol.21 : Somme pote hem to plow, pleyuden ful selde, In settyng, in sowyng, swonken ful harde, Wonnen that wastres wyth glotenye dystruyen.
Note: New spelling
Note: Sense 1a.(a)
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.150 : With merie chiere Of this and that they pleide…As frendes doon whan thei ben mette yfere.
Note: App. belongs under sense 5.(a) as new phrase, ~ of, 'jest or converse lightly about (sth.)' -- per HWK
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)999 : Then was he withoute, Pleying to the hazard as he was wont to doon.
Note: Sense 3.(c) - this seems to be the only ex. with to (usual prep. is at) : pleien ~ hasard, play at the game of hazard, gamble. -- per MJW
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1500 Whanne marye was greet (Fil) 68/245 : Ihesus soule ys from me pleyd, That othyr theuys soule in hys fere.
Note: Glossary: "pleyd past part. 'flown'."
Note: Precise sense not found in OED.
Note: ?New sense.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.19rb (1.4) : When þai [humours] be þus dissoluede, þai rennen and plawen al abouten in diuerse places of þe body & þan vpon þat þai ar meny and wickede and litil restyng, than takeþ man sekenesse.
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.73rb (2.11) : In þe myddes emytrice is huge brennyng, bi cause þat colre is continuely bullyede, os a plawand pot and hurlond aboute in þe vesseiles, and fleume wiþout þe vesseiles.
Note: Additional quots., prob. sense 9.(a). Editor's gloss: 'surge around, boil (up)'.