Middle English Dictionary Entry
perī̆l n.
Entry Info
Forms | perī̆l n. Also perile, perille, perril, perel(e, perelle, pereil(le, perail(l)e, perol, perle & paril(e, parel(le, pareil(l)e, parilie. |
Etymology | OF |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Peril, danger, jeopardy; exposure to physical injury, death, or destruction; danger of shipwreck; (b) a perilous situation, condition, object, or place; injury, tribulation, loss [last quot.]; penalty [quot.: (1433)]; a dangerous symptom [quot.: c1425]; also fig.; (c) ~ of, injury or an instance of peril caused by (an animal, a person, situation, phenomenon); possibility of (an occurrence); exposure to danger in (a situation); ~ of (in) the se, a perilous situation or an instance of harm occurring at sea, shipwreck or danger of shipwreck; (d) in) ~ of lif, in) danger of losing (one's) life, with) risk to (one's) life; ~ of bodi, danger of injury to the body; in) ~ of deth, of ~ of deth, in ~ of mort, in) danger of dying; for ~ of deth, because of the danger of death; (e) for (upon) ~, because of the possibility of danger, for fear of consequences; at al periles, no matter what the consequences, at whatever risk; at your (here) ~, with you (them) taking responsibility for the consequences, at your (their) own risk; (f) casten ~ (afore, to have regard for or foresee danger; be cautious; putten in (unto, to) ~, yeven to ~, put (oneself, beasts) in peril or in a perilous situation; in ~ to cacchen harm, in danger of suffering injury; in ~ for to sterven, in danger of dying; in ~ to ben slaien, in danger of being slain; ben broght in ~, be put in a perilous situation; ben to the ~ of, be dangerous to (sb.); taken ~, undertake a perilous venture; maken ~ of treuth, prove the truth (of sth.); ~ is, it is (was, were) ~, etc., it is (was, would be) dangerous (to do or be sth.); it is ~ of, it is dangerous to (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (Hrl 2277:Horst.)245 : Þe wynd hem harlede vp & doun in peryls meni on.
- c1300 SLeg.Jas.(LdMisc 108)208 : A foreward huy mauden newe Þat non ne scholde failli oþur in perile ne in neode.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)4694 : To þe hulle in gret periil he ȝede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1758 : Þo louely makes..put hem for paramours in perriles so grete.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)447 : Ioseph..kennes him aftur, whon his peril weore most, to crist he scholde preyen.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2920 : She..shewed wisely vn to hem the grete goodes that comen of pees and the grete harmes and perils that been in werre.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.460 : Strengthe of body and worldly hardynesse causeth ful ofte many a man to peril [vrr. perissh; harme, haue harm] and meschaunce.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)134b/a : Ȝif þe wynde is contrarye and vnmoderat, þanne he bryngiþ perile and drede.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)141a/b : Foules..þat ben in perile on þe grounde be siker and sauf in þe eir.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)1846 : Þe waghes waued wiþ þe winde, grete perel was be-fore and hinde.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.529 : Purgen hem of poysoun, or more perile falle.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)942 : Þise aungelez hade hem by hande out at þe ȝatez, Prechande hem þe perile.
- (1415) Doc.Conspir.Hen.V in D.K.R.43591 : Y schewid hym quat perilz wolde faule.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)49a/a : Periculum: perayle.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)19830 : Aiþer oste durand lang qwile ffightande was in fulgret perile.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)40b/b : Þoo veines þat schewen perile, when þei ben kitte, for to grete emorosogie, þat is to seien, for to mochil bledinge, schal ben schewed in þe anothomie of þe grete members.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)394 : Peryle [Win: Peerle]: Periculum.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)744 : He dwelte longe in þe se, & many perille ascapede he.
- a1450(?1409) Vision Staunton (Roy 17.B.43)74 : Ofte þei lowtid and thonkid god hertly þat y was passid al thilk peroles and gresly sightes.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)50/35 : Peril be in euery hasty rennyng, for snaperyng or fallyng þat þerof may come.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)151 : Qwo-so Rudde his handys with þe Rote of þis herbe, he may takyn an eddre in his handys withowtyn ony perile.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4636 : All drede for to drowne with dryft of the se, And in perell were put all the proude kynges.
- (1463) Will Bury in Camd.4927 : I wil my executours..vndirstonde and comowne alle the dowtys and pereilys therof.
- (1464) Let.Ormond in Fortescue Works26 : The wronge whiche nowe is done to the kynge..is an injurie and dishonoure to alle kynges, and mater of boldenesse to alle subjectes for to rebelle ayen theire sovereyne lordes, to the perille and unsiwerte of alle princesse.
- (1472-3) RParl.6.39a : Nat eschuyng eny jeopardie or perill that myght ensue to..youre roiall persone.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)1368 : Thow..art passyd the ryuer With-oute pereyl or daunger.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)127a/a : Þe brekynge of þe boonys of þe heed is diuers in perel fro brekynge of oþere boonys of þe body.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)155/22 : Where is the prudent wysdome of the clerkes and counsaillers, which bi thaire wittes haue perserued and releeued many landes out of grete pareilles and aduentures?
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)225/19 : The citee was in parill.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)92b : Parell: discrimen, naufragium, periculum [Monson: naufragium nauis est periculum]. To be In parell [Monson: parelle]: Agi, naufragari, periclitare.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)24.7 : A ȝoungman dredis noght to vndirtake the peril that he is slane in.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)257 : Be Hym that harowed helle, He kepe yow fro all parelle.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)47/13 : The fourthe ys forto þenke how moche drede and pareyle he leueth yn alway.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)170/16 : Fortitudo is a considerid vndyrstondynge of Perill [L periculorum] and a sufferaunce of trauaill.
b
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)219/180 : Hit is us nyede þet se þet sucurede hem ine þa peril, þet us sucuri ine ure niedes.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4808 : Hij ledden hym..Jn þe straungest peryl of Ynde.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.415 : Pees þorw pacience alle perilles stopped.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)16.280 : Þat is poure pacient, alle perilis to suffre.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)112/12 : Hit was Godis oune wyl Þat Mekel schuld led Poule to hel To se þe payns, þe gret parel.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4710 : Love, it is..A swete perell, in to droun.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.5.39,43 : He dalf up precious periles..for-why, for the preciousnesse of swich thyng hath many man ben in peril.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)45b/b : Þe braine in þe ouer partie..is sette to manye periles & diseses.
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)57/22 : Þer ar gendred bolnyngz..And also oþer sinthomata, i. perilez, as scharp akyng and prikkyng, brynnyng, ychyng, [etc.].
- (1433) RParl.4.480b : Alle the Comens mown here and knowe the good rule and governaunce of the seid Town..and..eschewe and voyde the perilles that been in the seid Articles and Ordynauncez plainly expressed.
- c1440(a1400) Eglam.(Thrn)413 : Þar es som man in perill wyth þe bare.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)44/21 : Knyghtes, the which gooth often many viages on the see or in othire dyuerse perelles, haue more nede to be deuoute and to serue God and his seintes than othire pepill.
- ?a1450 Macer (Stockh Med.10.91)167 : It is nat securly doon to comand for to ȝeue a body suche a medicyne þat may bringe him into a sodeyn perel.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)127b/b : A leche is siche maner perels schal not aserche ouþir asaie þe hurt wiþinneforþ, if he se it be not profitable.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)95/35 : The knyght..boldely Putte hym vp be-twen two Perelis: on oone halue, the wode rynnynge watyr so grymly; on the othyr syde, his enemys.
- a1500 Listenythe nowe & (Dgb 88)62 : The wynter shall yeve grete mervell; Shepe shall die, A grete peraille.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.4 : Heo..ne sparede for no sorewe that miȝte come hire to..Ne for peryl in the see na londe nothe mo.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))2 Cor.11.26 : Nyȝt and day I was in depnesse of the see; in weies ofte, in perelis of flodis, in perels of theues, in perelis of kyn, in perels of hethen men, in perels in cite, in perels in desert, in perels in see, in perels in false britheren.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.65 : Oþere swelowes and periles [L voragines] of wateres beeþ in occean.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.305 : An olde man that was in peril of doom come to Augustus.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.229 : Men of þe lond..robbede eche oþer for socour of þe peril of honger þat þey sigh hem schulde befalle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)240a/b : Þe spray byclippeþ the trees aboute and is holde vp þer by..to saue þe fruyt from perile of fallynge.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1737 : Her goddis..made hem so eskape Euery perel and tempest of þe see.
- (1422) Plea & Mem.in Bk.Lond.E.126/165 : We endite þe rent of Thomas Chaucere for peril of fallyng, and þe pauement of þe same Rent.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)29/2 : Perelles of þe see feren grete marchauntes.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)59/24 : Al þe world..was in perel of pereschynge.
- a1450 3 KCol.(1) (Roy 18.A.10)157/17 : Saue hem..from all peryles of wormys and of oþir wylde beestys.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)7035 : In þe moste peryle off þe batayle Kyng R. seyȝ..Hys eme..Feld off hys hors.
- c1450 Okure þrow (Eg 2810)p.232 : He to perell of lose wyl stond.
- (1467) Ordin.Wor.385 : Ther be v fuyre hokes to drawe at euery thynge wher paryle of fuyre ys in eny parte of the cite.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)94b : A Perill of the see..versus..scilla, caribdis; Fluuius est ponti dic esse caribdim.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)139/28 : Let vs praye hym for to defende vs..fro the perel of oure enmyes and infestacion of alle wormes.
d
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)9066 : Þo stode Herui bi Bohort, Boþe in periil of mort.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Par.11.19 : In perele of þer lijues þei broȝten to me watir, & for þis cause he wolde not drynke.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.153 : It profited nouȝt, but stired more perille of deth [L mortis discrimen] ageyns hymself.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)180a/a : Þe men be free and nouȝt soget to lordeshepe of oþere naciouns and put hem to perill of deeþ by cause of freedome.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)299/20 : If it so be þat he be in perel of deeþ, þan lete him blood.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4976 : Loss of membre, shedyng of blod, Perell of deth, or los of good.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)65/20 : Sche often tyme refressched & fed the messageres of Israel & kepte hem from many grete periles of deth.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)161b/a : Þes ben þo stupefactiues..aminister hem neuer in no place but ȝif þei be wele repressed & in perile of deþ.
- a1440 Palmistry (1) (Dgb Roll 4)26 : Yf this lyne of the table entur be twen the shewer and the myddul fyngur, it tokenyth in a manne perile of deth of yron.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)394 : Peryle of lyfe: Discrimen.
- c1440(?c1350) Mirror St.Edm.(4) (Thrn)29/29 : Men enoyntes þe seke in perell of dede.
- (1441) Let.Coldingham in Sur.Soc.12121 : Sir Davy Home has hadd grett labour and diseese, and oftymez has been in grett parell and doute of his life.
- a1450(?1418) The herrere degre (Dgb 102)43 : The wyseman his sone forbed..shipman craft for perile of dede.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)105/21 : They skapyn withoutyn peril of body, yit withoutyn greet dred skape they not.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)1740 : In perill of þair lyues þai stode.
- (1472) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8522 : John Bellynghom..grefesly hurt hem of parell of his dethe.
- a1475 Form Excom.(2) (Rwl B.408)2/4 : Alle þo been A-cursed þat in parelle of dethe beth assoyled.
e
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)224/23 : He ssel him loki uram þe dede of spoushod uor onestete and uor peril þet miȝte by.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)268 : Þinges þat þou hast gederet..Wysliche þou hem spene ffor pereles more and lesse.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3932 : Ther was no man for peril dorste hym touche.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1002 : For þis sklaundre þat was so vyle, And also for grete peryle, Kyng Philipp..Of-sent erle, duk, kniȝth, and baroun.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)85 : At alle peryles..I aproche hit no nerre.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1397 : And bad in hast he schuld voide his place, Vp-on peril þat after falle myȝt.
- c1425 Treat.Sins Usury (Hrl 45)229 : Þe enleuenþe manere of oker is þis: whan a man leneþ money to a marchaunt by couenant to haue it aȝen hole at alle periles, and half þe wynnynge þat may come þerof, and noght allowe of þe lostes þat may befalle.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)516/11-12 : A grete stone may not be kutte for perile of þe bledder; A litel stone, forsothe, may not be kutte for perile to take hym.
- (1444) RParl.5.124b : The seid Baillifs chese and make such a Sergeant as thei woll answere fore at her perill.
- (1464) Stonor1.67 : They woll aunswere at theyr parell and eschewe to be punysshed as brekers of the seid abstinences.
- (c1467) Paston (EETS)1.209 : Ye wol aunsewer vnto vs at your parilie.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1013 : Whanne he was take wyth gyle, He flawe for greet peryle West yn-to Wyrhale.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)76/385 : I drede for perels all; The reede see is here at hand.
f
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6786 : Gret peril it was, Vor þer miȝte come to al þe lond gret wo uor such cas.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2672 : For to stryue with a man of euene strengthe, that is to seyn, with as strong a man as he is, it is peril, and for to stryue with a weyker man, it is folye.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.89 : Peril is bothe fyr and tow tassemble.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.339 : Thow seist also that if we make vs gay With clothyng and with precious array, That it is peril of oure chastitee.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1414 : Ye been as boold as is Bayard the blynde, That blondreth forth and peril castethnoon.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)95b/b : Ypocras seiþ to hem þat heleþ olde Emoroides, but if he leue one vnhelid, it is perile.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)158a/a : When þe see is aboue trowbly and to hyȝhe by wyndes and stormes..þan it is perile of the sayle, for ofte in suche tymes the shippe is ybroke oþer a dreynt with contrarie wyndes.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.118 : Þei did it..To put bestes in perile, our folk to bere doun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1458 : Mi counsail is..Ful prudenly for to caste a-forne Þe mortal pereyl, or þat þou be lorne.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1825 : Þer lakked..Wisdam also, with pereil caste a-fore, To trust a maide of tendre ȝeris bore.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2856 : Who cast perilles acheveþ litel or nouȝt.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3506 : For blind Baiard cast pereil of no þing, Til he stumble myddes of þe lake!
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.367 : Peril non was it to the bywreye.
- a1425 WBible(1) (CC 145)1 Mac.14.29 : Simon..& his breþern ȝeuen hemself to perile [L dederunt se periculo] & aȝenstoden aduersaries of her folc.
- a1425 WBible(1) (CC 145)2 Mac.11.7 : He þe firste macabeus..monestede oþere to taken perile [L periculum subire] togidere with hym.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)3/35 : It is perile þe dropesye or woodnesse to be made.
- ?c1425 Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)180/6 : And it is peryle to ake and to wake and to be cramped.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1277 : There as he was in peril for to sterve [vrr. in paril for to sterue; like to haue ben stervyd] For hunger.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)12a : Þe oost þat in hym self is deuided or departid out of ordre in ridinge or goynge is euermore in perel to cacche harme of his enemyes.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3919 : Vnto þe periles of bataille He moot him putte, and in hem trauaylle.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)14/20 : Many men now vpon erþe..aren stalworþ & bolde to putten hem to peril on se & on londe.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)452 : Þei þat sailen on þe see..In gret peril ben iput.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)108 : What maist thou seyn, That in the paleys of thy disturbance Art left byhynde, in peril to be sleyn?
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)60/26 : He shulde take hede whedir it were perell to do her counsaile or not.
- (c1464) Paston2.296 : We haue cast þe perellys amongys vs, and þere is non other helpe, butt euery brother..to do his part to the wellfare, socour, and releue of our monasteri.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)880 : We ben in perel brouht, ffor I kan sen no passage To passe by.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)1.19 : Y make not to me by alle thynges perelle of trawthe [L periculum veri] to be ordeynede in this spekinge of storyes.
- c1475 Body Pol.(Cmb Kk.1.5)43/23 : Grete indignacion..may be grete hurte to his lernyng and to the parell of his mastir.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)142 : Hyt ys grete parell..To be agayne þe ryght quarell.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)633 : Texemplifie is especiall To imperial power what perel [vr. perol] is to a-rise.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)2065 : It is perile and not goode Moche or ofte to taste of that foode.
2.
(a) Spiritual peril, danger to the soul from sin; a state of spiritual peril; sin; ~ of sinne (helle); (b) ~ of dampnacioun (deth, etc.), danger of being damned or condemned; in ~ of cursing, in danger of incurring monastic excommunication; periles of cursing, the dangers of monastic excommunication [cp. cursing 2b.]; (in, for, on, etc.) ~ of soule, (in danger of, for fear of, on penalty of, etc.) the destruction of (one's) soul, danger to (one's) soul.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)99/12 : Flesches fondunge mei beon ieuenet to fot wunde; Gastelich fondunge, þet is mare dred of, mei beon for þe peril icleopet breost wunde.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)170 : Þurw here pride and here wil Þeih fallen ofte in gret peril.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)11/288 : Gret peryl hy vndergoþe Þat cristneþ twyes enne.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)32/33 : Huanne þe man is sleuuol him to ssriue, he uoryet his lackes and his zennes: þet is grat peril.
- c1390 Þe man þt luste (Vrn)50 : Let a frere in Godes seruise Þe pereles to þe peple preche Of vre misdede & vre queyntise.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2215 : By cause of the wrong and of the wikkednesse that hath be doon..it were a ful greet peril to erren in this matere.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.873 : It is good to shewen mo perils that longen to Auowtrie, for to eschue that foule synne.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.308 : Thin yhe..is..The moste principal of alle, Thurgh whom that peril mai befalle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.185 : As the bridd which wole alihte And seth the mete and noght the net, Which in deceipte of him is set, This yonge folk no peril sihe.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)8108 : Some wene þat kyssyng ys no synne, But grete peryl falleþ þer-ynne.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9711 : Many a pryuy peryl þyr ys, And specyaly yn drunkenes.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)8.16 : Prechen here personis þe periles of synne.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)56/18 : Not onlich þes he tempteþ þus, but men of Holi Chirche and wommen to desiren benefices and dignitees..þe whuche þei schulde raþur forsake þan desire, for moni perelis þat fallen bi hem.
- c1400 Wycl.Dominion (Dub 244)285 : Clerkis bi symonye envenemyn hem silf, & ȝif þei stode in pouert, þei fel noȝt in þis perel.
- c1400 Wycl.Dominion (Dub 244)293 : Siþe ech man by synne is in an huge perel, he schulde be glaad of eche þing þat warneþ him of his perelle.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1309 : Welthe mas men in perils falle.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)29/29 : He harmeþ hymsilf by þe perel of synne, which synne bynemeþ hym grace.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.52 : The sorewis of deeþ cumpassiden me, and þe perelis of helle founden me.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)171/10 : He was ful cursid and cruel, And dred not God ne no parel.
- (1449) Will York in Sur.Soc.30147 : And wt the said good to pay my detts well and trewly..that I be in no perill yerfore.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)30 : Hem þinkeþ þat þei may vse siche spekyngis, lokyngis, touchyngis..and siche tokenes of fleschli loue withoute perel.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)447 : Chaistese þam & tery noght, Efter þe wark þat þaue wrought, For parel þat mai fall þarby.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)6/6 : We þan in suche perel be fallen þoruȝ gilt of oure synnes.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)75 : If I solde Crystyndome for-sake And to hethyn lawe me take, Þe perill mon be myn.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)349/8 : Sen þou knowis at þou mon dye, whi duse þou so mekull ill & puttis þi selfe in so many perels?
- a1475 Cross of ihesu (Rwl B.408)2 : Kepe vs from perel of synnes and payne.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)312 : Wan I perysschede thorow synne, þou sauyde; Wen I was in grett perell, þou kept me, Cristus.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)422 : Defaute of keping of o pariȝs wole turne hem to þe fendis children & þey wolen infecte cuntreys, & cuntreys wolen infecte reumes; & þus it falliþ to kyngis & bischops to stoppe þis errour for more perel.
- a1500 Methodius(3) (Stw 953)902 : Hys mastryes xall so gret be kydde þat seynts xall ny fall in parell.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4083 : For men shullen neuer haue but folie Of wicked wommannes companye. And some wole shape peril and blame And doo many men miche shame.
- -?-(1467) Will in Som.RS 16198 : His wille sholde be doon..and that by your sadde wisdomes his soule, my fadirs, and myne may be in noo perell therefor.
b
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.63 : Ye alderman and ye skeueynis schullyn do synge ye messis wit-in ye thyrd day after he is ded, on ye perile of here soulis.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)6.95 : I payed it hym prestly for peril of my soule.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)161 : In grete perille of saule es that man Þat has witt and mynde and na gude can.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)30/22 : He seeþ hymsilf and oþire creatures in perel of deeþ and of dampnacioun for lak of grace.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)63/16 : He in perill of euerlasting deth, that herith prechingis and doith not there-aftir.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)124/20 : Þei wexen so sike þat euer þei fallen fro uertues, or ellis þei fallen into perel of deeþ.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1233 : If..sche ken þe perils of cursing, Sche salbe cursid..if sche wil not mend hir mynd, Þan bodely sche salbe pynd.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1908 : Who so trispas in þis þing, Þai ryn in peryl of cursyng.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.39/14 : Of this our confirmacion trowblers we denunce the perell of dampnacion to be wyȝthe them.
- (c1460-64) Paston2.18 : I pray Jesu gef hem grace to repent hem þer-of þat þei þat caused it may stand owt of perel of soule.
- a1500(1465) Leversedge Vision (Add 34193)34 : Thou prowd man that hast arayd the lyke the deuyll of hell, remember the perell of my saule and put a way thi aray.
3.
Misfortune, bad luck; daies of peril(es, unlucky days.
Associated quotations
- a1500(a1450) Ashmole SSecr.(Ashm 396)78/24 : Þer ben 7 hevens, 7 planetes..daies of perilles 7.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)63/14 : In the monþe of Feuerel..iii dayes of perile þer beþ.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)63/21 : In the monþ of Aueryl, þe x day ys to be lete bloud and þe 3 day; 2 dayes þer beþ of perellis, þe vi day and þe xi day.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)64/8 : In þe monþ of Iune..at þe 7 day ys of grete perile bloud for to lete.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)65/3 : In þe monþ of Nouembre, loke þat þou ne come in no baþ..and dayes of peril þer beþ, þe xv day and þe xix day.
- (?a1500) MSS Montagu in HMC1 : There buthe xxviij daies in the yere..in wiche, ȝif eny mann bygynnethe eney jorney, hit ys happylich ȝif he evere cometh aȝen..The daies of these perilis buthe marked in the monthes aforwrite.
4.
In oaths and asseverations: on (upon) mi ~, up (bi) ~ of mi soule, etc.
Associated quotations
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4134 : Vp peril of my soule and of my lif, I conseille yow the beste.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.561 : Thise wormes ne thise moththes ne thise mytes, Vpon my peril [vr. feith], frete hem neuere a del.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)6.173 : 'Now, by þe peril of my soule!' quod pieres, 'I shal apeyre ȝow alle!'
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.5148 : Þei be-hiȝte vp pereil of her lyf.
- ?a1450(?1350-75) Origo Mundi in Norris Anc.Corn.Drama (Bod 791)2154 : My a'd car mur ru'm peryl.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1783 : Bid I þe..on þe plegg & þe payn & perill as folowis, All þi vanyte to voide.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2520 : 'Sire, on my perell,' quod a prince, 'he passes all othire.'
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)126/14 : Yee, hardely, lady, on my perell ye shall se hit.
5.
In proverbs.
Associated quotations
- c1230 Ancr.(Corp-C 402)34/6 : Þeo þe luueð peril, i peril ha schal fallen.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2511 : Senek seith that..he ne falleth in to perils that perils escheweth.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2861 : For Salomon seith He that loueth peril shal falle in peril.
- (1402) Hoccl.Cupid (Hnt HM 744)215 : They seyn peril to caste is auantage.
- (?1406) Hoccl.MR (Hnt HM 111)74 : Ful seelde is seen þt yowthe takith heede Of perils þt been likly for to fall.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ecclus.3.27 : He that loueth perel schal perische ther ynne.
- (1457) Paston2.170 : Taryeng drawyth parell.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)p.117 : He ys wyse þat can be-ware by oþer mans per-leys.
- a1500(?a1410) Lydg.CB (Lnsd 699)183 : Whoo dredith no perel, in perel he shal falle.
- a1500(?a1410) Lydg.CB (Lnsd 699)194 : Wher perel is, gret perel is tabide.