Middle English Dictionary Entry

oxe n.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1a.
(a) An ox; (b) ~ and asse, etc.; forwe ~, ?an ox that walks in or near the previous furrow to align the one being plowed; plough ~, an ox of a plow-team, ploued ~, an ox that has plowed the land; (c) drove of oxen, a herd of oxen; plough (tem) of oxen, a team of oxen; yoke of oxen, a pair of oxen; (d) an aurochs; wild ~; (e) ?cattle; (f) a representation of an ox in a coat of arms.
1b.
(a) In proverbs and sayings; (b) in asseveration.
2.
(a) One of the four beasts of the Apocalypse; also, an epithet for an angel or any one of the four evangelists; (b) pl. the bulls guarding the ram with the golden fleece.
3.
In cpds. and combs.: (a) ~ balse = guibalse; (b) ~ bos, a stall for an ox; oxe(n hous, ~ shipene, a shed for oxen; ~ leswe (pasture), a pasture for oxen; ~ lond, a place where a cow was found; also, an area of land that can be worked with one ox [cp. ox-gang(e]; (c) ~ boue, the bow-shaped wood piece that goes round the neck of a yoked ox; ~ calf [cp. OE oxan cealf], a bull calf; ~ feire, an ox market; (d) ~ flesh, beef; ~ fot, the foot of an ox; ~ galle, the gall bladder of an ox; oxes galle, the bile of the ox, used medicinally; ~ hide (skin), an oxhide; ~ lether, oxhide; oxe(n horn [cp. OE oxan horn], a horn of an ox; also, an instrument made of such used in the hunt; ~ liver, the liver of an ox; ~ mouth, the mouth of an ox; oxen nekkes, the necks of oxen; ~ tail [cp. OE oxan tægl], the tail of an ox prepared as food; ~ talwe, beef fat; ~ tord, a turd of an ox; ~ urine, the urine of oxen or bulls; oxen wombe, the stomach of an ox; (e) ~ harwe, an ox-drawn harrow; ~ keper, one who tends oxen; ~ sleer, one who slaughters oxen; ~ peni, a customary rent paid for the pasturage of oxen.
4.
(a) In plant names: oxe(s eie [cp. OE oxan ēage], the plant Chrysanthemum leucanthemum; ?also, a plant of the genus Buphthalmum; ~ slippe [cp. OE oxan slyppe], the common oxslip (Primula elatiar); also, a natural hybrid between the English cowslip Primula veris and primrose Primula vulgaris; (b) oxen eie, the great titmouse Parus major.
5.
(a) In surnames; (b) in place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.57].

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1525 BodEMus.52 Artist.Recipes (BodEMus 52) 190/12 : Take þe bledder of an hogge or of a schepe or of a noxe þat is newe slayn.
  • Note: Postdates sense 1.(a). New spelling (noxe).