Middle English Dictionary Entry

much(e adj.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1.
With reference to amount: (a) of blood, food, land, water, etc.: much; of a feast, treasure, wealth: abundant; ~ more; ~ god(es, many goods; ~ moeble, many movable possessions; (b) as ~, also ~, as much (gold, money, etc.), as many (goods), as great (a sum of money); ben ~, of property, of a reward: to add up to much, be ample; of water: be plentiful; ben endeles ~, be infinite; ben) to ~, be) excessive, be) superfluous; ~ plente, a great abundance (of sth.); of ~ mede, of Christ: generous, magnanimous; seven so ~, seven times as much (water); so ~, so much (money, wood); (c) ~ del, much, a great deal; a large amount (of sth.); a big share (of sth.); also, in large part, considerably, generally [see also del n.(2) 1. (f) & 3. (a)].
2.
With reference to quantity or number: (a) of things: many; ~ more, many more things; ~ thing, numerous matters, many things; in (of) ~ thing, in many respects or ways, with respect to several things; conning of ~ thing, clever, ingenious; so ~, so many (vermin); (b) of persons: many; as (so) ~, as (so) many (people); as ~ as is, as many (physicians) as there are; ben (so) ~, of people: to be (so) numerous; ~ folk(es, ~ peple.
3.
With reference to dimension or size: (a) of a person: tall, large; also, physically mature, grown up; fig. of God: magnanimous; faire ~, fully grown; ~ of bodi, ~ of stature of bodi; of an animal, bird, fish: large; (b) of a group or number of persons: large, numerous; ~ compaignie (counseil, meine, nombre); ~ mankin, a large number of people; ~ multitude, strength of numbers; with a ~ nombre, in great force of arms; (c) of a thing, ditch, mouth, road, etc.: broad, wide; of a fire, flood: great, immense; of an angle, area: large; as ~..as, as large..as; iliche ~, of numbers: equal; of areas: equivalent; of written texts: equal in length; ~ and large, spacious; ~ and wid, immense; ~ inough, large enough.
4.
With reference to duration or extent: (a) of time: ben as ~ as, to be comparable (in duration) to, be as long as; ~ time, at length, for a long time; in ~ time, in longevity; so ~ time, for such a long time, for so long; of the days in a human lifetime; as ~ an hundred yer, adding up to as long as a hundred years; (b) of an action or activity, of a process: extensive, long-lasting; continuous, unremitting; also, widespread; ben) ~ of speche, to be) talkative; ~ crie (song, speche, etc.), much complaining (singing, talking, etc.); heren ~ god, hear extensive praise (of sb.); ~ word, extensive rumors; to ~ drink (mete, etc.), excessive drinking (eating, etc.); (c) of competence, of learning: ~ laue (philosophie), extensive legal (philosophical) lore; speken ~ welsh, to have extensive competence in Welsh, speak Welsh well.
5a.
With reference to degree: (a) of doubt, comfort, joy, misery, etc.: great; of rage, wrath, etc.: intense; of agony, danger, disease, thirst, etc.: severe; as ~..as, as much (joy, pleasure, pain) as; so ~..that, so much (pleasure) that; (b) of grace, love, mercy, honor, renown, wisdom, etc.: great, much; as ~..as, as much (honor, mercy) as; connen as ~ thank, to acknowledge as great a debt of gratitude; (c) of injustice, spite, wickedness, harm, loss, need, etc.: great; of sin(s: ben so ~ that, to be so heinous that; don so ~ sinne, sin so grievously; (d) of strength: much, great; ben ~ of might, to be very strong, be powerful; ben of so ~ strengthe; comen mid ~ strengthe, arrive in force; (e) in phrases: litel no ~ [see litel adj. 1a. (a)]; ~ and (or) lite, ~ ne lite [see lite adj.(1) 1. (a), 3., & 4. (a), (b)].
5b.
With reference to degree: (a) of fools, sinners, rascals, wretches, etc.: inordinate, utter; ben so ~ fole (wrecche), to be such an utter fool (wretch); in spittinge ~, given to spitting often or much; (b) of color, light: bright or intense; of din: loud; of apparel, beauty, a marvel: splendid, striking; of wind: violent; to ~, astonishing or incredible.
6.
With reference to the importance or value (of sth.) or to the rank (of sb.): great, important, prominent, etc.; of a cause: chief; of lineage: noble; to ~, of a betrayal: too offensive, unforgivable; in oath: bi the ~ god.
7.
In place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.40]; also, in surname.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • c1300 Add.15236 Gloss.(1) (Add 15236)110/73 : Consolida maior: gallice, confery; anglice, muche brisewort.
  • Note: New combination for sense 3.(a).
    Note: Gloss: ~ brise-wort, ?comfrey (Symphytum officinale).

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1400 MS Add.15236 in Hunt Plant Names (Add 15236)106 : [Elleborus Mortificativus:] muchewort.
Note: New combination for sense 3.(a).
Note: Gloss: ~ wort, some variety of hellebore, perh. black hellebore (Helleborus niger) or bearsfoot (H. foetidus or viridis).

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)46/31 : Constantyn..was Crouned kyng..of mych Bretaigne.
Note: New combination for sense 3.(c).
Note: Gloss: ~ Britaine = Britaine n. 1..--notes per MLL