Middle English Dictionary Entry
much(e adj.
Entry Info
Forms | much(e adj. Also mucche, moch(e, muiche, mich(e, mitch, mik(e, mech(e, mek(e & (early infl.) muchen(e, muchere & (error) meth. |
Etymology | Shortened form of muchel. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
With reference to amount: (a) of blood, food, land, water, etc.: much; of a feast, treasure, wealth: abundant; ~ more; ~ god(es, many goods; ~ moeble, many movable possessions; (b) as ~, also ~, as much (gold, money, etc.), as many (goods), as great (a sum of money); ben ~, of property, of a reward: to add up to much, be ample; of water: be plentiful; ben endeles ~, be infinite; ben) to ~, be) excessive, be) superfluous; ~ plente, a great abundance (of sth.); of ~ mede, of Christ: generous, magnanimous; seven so ~, seven times as much (water); so ~, so much (money, wood); (c) ~ del, much, a great deal; a large amount (of sth.); a big share (of sth.); also, in large part, considerably, generally [see also del n.(2) 1. (f) & 3. (a)].
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)136 : Muche lond he him ȝef.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)48/18 : Muche mare is iȝeuen to þeo þe munieð þi nome.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)182 : Þe corn of whete..ȝif hit is dede, hit wole bringe muche ffrut.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)25 : Homber bringz bi norþe muche god & wide.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8450 : Hii wonne tueye castles þat muche god was inne ido.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)719 : Wist ȝe what tristrem ware, Miche gode ȝe wold him an.
- c1330(?c1300) Reinbrun (Auch)p.632 : Gold and seluer þai brouȝte meche.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)387 : Al his fre ferd þat hadde take þat time moche trye game, boþe bores & beres.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)13/9 : We forbeden him wiyn, mylk, & eiren & fisch þat engendriþ myche blood.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)15.182 : Men reuerenceþ more þe ryche for hus muche meeble Þan for þe kyn þat he cam of.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)186/1 : A litel sour dow makeþ sour muche swete past.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5555 : The which is more preise..Than is myche richesse and tresour.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)4/26 : The kyng..holdeth grete lordschippes & meche lond in his hond.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1214 : All þe myche tresour þat traytour had wonnen..Luke it be..delte to my dere pople.
- a1450(c1400) Wor.Serm.(Wor F.10)33/359 : Eueri man haþ i-now & miche mete left after.
- a1450 Who þat wole knowe (Dgb 102)159 : Gret lordschipe, ne myche good, Nes no cause of sykernesse.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)76 : Moche fustyane and also lynen cloothe.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12486 : Tho lordes..Shotton into ship..With..miche ranke godes.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)11/10 : We haue lost mytch more than othir men.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)96b/a : Y ȝaf him cleer wiyn medlid wiþ myche watir.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)85/34 : Reymond was not Slow, nethyr for lowe of his fayre wyffe ne for the moche feste.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Chris.(Hrl 2277)123 : Ȝe bileoueþ on þis Maumetz ymaked of treo & ston Þat no miracle ne mowe do namore þan so moche treo.
- ?c1335 Earth(1) (Hrl 913)4/77 : For he is king of blis, and mon of moche mede.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.13.6 : The substaunce of hem was mich [WB(2): the catel..was myche].
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)684 : Wel much watz þe warme water þat waltered of yȝen.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)10/18 : For myche is ȝoure mede in heuene.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)95b/b : Take..as moche mouser as of alle þe toþer or of two of þe toþer.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)118b/a : He schal drinke..wine of garnates wiþ seuen so moche water as he is.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)171b/a : Kinde..fulfilleþ þat is to litel and doeþ aweie þat is superflue oþere to moche.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)82 : Siþ he techiþ þat his gostly tresour es endles meche.
- (1433) RParl.4.425b : Discharged of as moche somme as woll atteigne to the quantite of the rate.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)204/5 : As mech good as þu woldist ȝeuyn hem be ȝer to serue me wyth I take it as yf it wer don in dede.
- (1448) Doc.in Sundby Dial.Wor.(Eg Charter 608)255 : That..John shal repay vnto..Thomas as muche money as he hathe receueit.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)147 : I can suppose þat some kynges..haue gyven to some on man þat hath serued hym also moche livelod yerely as the said wages wyll com to.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)100b/a : Oile of Camomille..wiþ as miche flour of barly as suffisiþ.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)203/23 : The enposteme of his pride, swollen with to miche goodys, is brosten out on euery part.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)146b/a : Þer ben iij general instrumentis..for to do aweye þat þat is superflue, þat is to seie, to myche.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)1010 : As moche water as þe se conteynys.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)85/29 : Al the day was holde in Ioy and gladnys and mych Plente of mette and drynke.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)113/20 : Golde and syluer, wherof mych Plentey was in the lond..he gadderid to-giddyr.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)4669 : Þe riche is hungry ay To gadre more þan he may, And gadre he neuere so miche fee, He may neuere fulfilled be.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14224 : A-buten he bilæde muche del [Otho: moche deal] of londe.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)24/21 : An unsehen unwiht, muche deale blackre þen eauer eani blamon.
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)12/114 : Ha..acwikieð..to drehen al þet ilke ant muche-deale wurse.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)62/14 : Godd hit wat, as me were muche deale leouere þet ich isehe ow alle þreo..hongin on a gibet.
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)4 : In almesdede he spendede..on pouere Men muchedel is Marchaundise.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)279/51 : Þoruȝ is pouer muche-del þe ordre he bi-gan Of frere prechours.
- c1300 SLeg.Oxf.Scholar (Hrl 2277)16 : Moche del was on hire hurte.
- a1350 SLeg.Brendan (Ashm 43)297 : Vor our couent..haþ muchedel vn ete.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)230/15 : Thay that haue the breste and the wombe mochedell rogh bene full vnstabill.
2.
With reference to quantity or number: (a) of things: many; ~ more, many more things; ~ thing, numerous matters, many things; in (of) ~ thing, in many respects or ways, with respect to several things; conning of ~ thing, clever, ingenious; so ~, so many (vermin); (b) of persons: many; as (so) ~, as (so) many (people); as ~ as is, as many (physicians) as there are; ben (so) ~, of people: to be (so) numerous; ~ folk(es, ~ peple.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1273 : Ye han seyd muche thyng right wel.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1384 : He tolde..moche þyng þay he hadde see.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)5.9 : Þanne sauȝ I meke more þan I before tolde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.282 : He was to hem fauourable In myche thing.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.305 : Virgile..In Eneydos rehersyth moche thyng.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2258 : Fair clothyng A man amendith in myche thyng.
- a1425 LChart.Chr.C (Roy 17.C.17)637/17 : To mak a charter be-heves mek thynge: parchemyn..pen & ynke, wax & cele.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)274/21 : Þei bisien hem for to haue..myche siluer vessel and cuppis of gold.
- c1450(c1440) Scrope Othea (StJ-C H.5)3/9 : Redoubted Homfray, cosin to the kinge..to whom longeth myche thinge.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)711 : Myche thynge in my harte is ihyde Whyche in another tretyse I caste to wrytte.
- (1450) Paston2.174 : I herde meche thynge in Fletestrede.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)35 : In þat boke is moch thinge That nedeth naught in þis talkinge.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)40/24 : He..kest away sylke..and wered next his flesche an hard heyre..þat bred so moch vermyn on hym þat hit was an horrybull syght forto se.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)17 : The Iuges seiden he moste be connynge of moche thynge yef he shulde saue his moder.
- c1500 Castle Love(3) (Ashm 61)254 : Þe kyng..made hym mayster of mych thyng.
b
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)235 : An þesser laȝe of þe witȝin wer laðieres moche.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5329 : Heo habbeð swa much folc swa nes næuer eær on ferde.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)16/269 : Hye ne micte..Wit horn speken..for folc þer was so meche.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)467 : Swyþe muche folk him cam aboute.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)482/44 : Huy brouȝhten him up-on an he de-grece þat muche folk him iseiȝh.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)2468 : Þemperour..Wille huntte..Wiþ litel folk & nouȝt wiþ miche.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)60 : Muche poeple to him kam.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)181/22 : Tuo wel greate viȝtinges huer moche uolk is ouercome.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)208/5 : Moche uolk..makeþ kueadliche hire acsinge.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2653 : On boþe sides was slayn muche puple.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.1.9 : Þe puple of þe sonnes of yrael is mych [L multus] & stronger þan we.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)1 Esd.10.13 : For þe puple ys myche..it is not þe werc on oon dai or of two.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)2 Kings 13.34 : Myche puple cam bi þe out weie.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.3960 : Litel heuynesse Is right ynow to muche folk.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)13458 : To here his sarmoun..þis folk was muche.
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)50/21 : Þe peple is so myche þat þe lande may nouȝt ham sustene.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)31/26 : Þe affeccions of meche folk aren..fetered in..auarice.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.312 : The jugement of moche folk ne loken nothyng to the desertes of thynges.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.5.32 : A voys..fulfilleth togydre the herynge of moche folk.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)154a/a : For þat þis is more phisic þan Cyrurgic I leue it to lordez & maistrez of phisic, as mych as is of þis present tyme.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 11.24 : Myche puple put hem vnto God.
- c1425 *Wycl.Concord.(Roy 17.B.1)107b : Miche peple is to me in þis citee.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.147 : Kynges hauen in þaire gouernaunce Myche folk at þaire comaundement.
- c1450 ?C.d'Orl.Poems (Hrl 682)75/2217 : His gret puysshaunce, That hath..so moche fayre folkis slayne.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)33/31 : There was grete slawghtir of good knyghtes and muche peple.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)219/21 : I se well..this day shall dye much peple.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)356/35 : Myche pepil halt hire.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)3 : And be that sholde he be bileved of moche peple.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)174 : Lete vs sette in eche garnyson as moche peple as we may.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)18 : Of euery state..within mankynde..moche peple ye may fynde which to alchymy theire corage doth addresse.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)76 : Thei hidde this arte..wherby moche peple be broght in-to despeyre.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1385 : To moch peple that chaunge Semyd a new thing.
- a1500 Arth.& M.(Dc 236)309/787 : Moche folk come, þat hedows syȝt to see.
- a1500 Chartier Treat.Hope (Rwl A.338)89/30 : Wherfor it wer necessarye for the Cristen people to knowe by what malice Mahomet ouircame so moche people.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)6229 : So miche folk ȝit not þer were As sterres on heuene ere.
3.
With reference to dimension or size: (a) of a person: tall, large; also, physically mature, grown up; fig. of God: magnanimous; faire ~, fully grown; ~ of bodi, ~ of stature of bodi; of an animal, bird, fish: large; (b) of a group or number of persons: large, numerous; ~ compaignie (counseil, meine, nombre); ~ mankin, a large number of people; ~ multitude, strength of numbers; with a ~ nombre, in great force of arms; (c) of a thing, ditch, mouth, road, etc.: broad, wide; of a fire, flood: great, immense; of an angle, area: large; as ~..as, as large..as; iliche ~, of numbers: equal; of areas: equivalent; of written texts: equal in length; ~ and large, spacious; ~ and wid, immense; ~ inough, large enough.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)255 : Þa þis child was feir muche þa luuede he a maide.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (LdMisc 108)380 : And eueuere [read: euere] houede þis muche fichs.
- c1300 SLeg.Chris.(Hrl 2277)147 : He was so gastliche & so moche þat hi þerste vneþe him iseo.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)960 : Of him ful wide þe word sprong, Hw he was mike, hw he was strong.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)1083 : A sarazin..bigan to neiȝen hem ner Oppon a muche blak stede.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.55.7 : Turne aȝeen to the Lord..for myche he is to forȝyue.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)323/34 : If it be a miche man, lete him ligge adoun streiȝt.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)8.70 : A moche man..called me.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)24 : Whan þei bene myche, þat þei may ete by hem silf.
- a1425 Dial.Reason & A.(Cmb Ii.6.39)5/15 : What forbedeþ a meche man to inhabit a low hows?
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)87/22 : They moun not ben takyn with none cattis but with meche houndis of that lond.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)107/26 : The men that wonyn therin arn meche of stature of body.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)163 : Crist..was a meth [read: mech] man, for þe steppis be rith large.
- c1450 Metham Palm.(Gar 141)112/15 : Most conuenyent ys to a sclendyr man to haue sclendyr fyngerys and to a man myche off stature to haue myche fyngerys.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)194/4 : They were so muche of their bodyes that horsys myght nat bere them.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)293/36 : This yonge muche man pullyd hym abak.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1167/21 : There cam strydyng a good knyght, a much man and a large.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)97 : Antor that hadde this childe norisshed till he was a moche man of xv yere of age, he hadde hym trewly norisshed so that he was faire and moche.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)117 : Ther-with departed the kynge..and his company that was a moche man of body and a gode knyght and yonge.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)35/28 : A mych man shal erne to-for.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)57/29 : O day he..bar a mych goshauke..on his hande.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)23204 : Muche moncun he þer of-sloh.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)202 : Þe..emperour..rod out..wiþ alle his menskful meyne, þat moche was & nobul.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 12.9 : Myche cumpany of the Jewis knewe that Jhesu was there.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 12.12 : A myche cumpany..tooken braunchis.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)2242 : Ha this in memoyre, That gret pouer..Plente of good, nor moch multitude..fors or felonye Arn to feble to holden Chanpartye Ageyns trouth.
- c1425(c1400) Primer (Cmb Dd.11.82)p.65 : I hidde not þi merci & þi treuþe, from a myche counseil.
- c1425 *Wycl.Concord.(Roy 17.B.1)114a : Mich cumpanye of preestis obeiede to þe feiþ.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)39b : Þe remenaunt of fiȝteres, þe whiche numbre ne was noȝt muche ynow to make a legioun.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)78/15 : Þis man was..begynner of mech noumbyr..whech schuld avowe chastite.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)955 : He..metes hym in þe myd-feld with a much nowmbre.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)10350 : He lette mankien ænne dic þe waes..deop, muche, and swiðe stronge.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)28036 : Al þere muche halle rof mid hire honden heo to-droh.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)59/647 : [E]leusius..lette his men makien a muche fur.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)41/12 : Muche speche..of a drope waxeð in to a muche flod þe adrencheð þe sawle.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)136 : He..kypte..in his hond A gret muche fir brond & to otuwel a strok hadde ment.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2374 : Þe werwolf..swiþe him vp-cauȝt be þe middel in his mouþe, þat muche was & large.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.47 : Þe erþe is i-deled in þre grete parties..þese þre parties beeþ not alle euene and yliche moche.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.37 : Þese þre ilondes..beþ almest i-lich moche and of þe same quantitie.
- (c1392) ?Westwyk EPlanets (Peterh 75)34/7 : & considere how moche is the remnaunt of his mene motus.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)207a/a : A stoon..was yfounde so grete and so moche þat phyladech made þer of an ymage of foure cubite longe.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3267 : She ledde hym to a moche felde.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4467 : Þey..drogh furþ a moche boke, Þe most þat y euer on gan loke.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)35/16 : If þe wounde were so myche, þat byndynge wolde nouȝt suffice..þanne sowe þe wounde on þis maner.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.133 : I shal ouertourne þis temple..And make it as moche other more in alle manere poyntes As euere it was, and as wyde.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.362 : Conscience comaunded..al crystene to delue And make a muche mote.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)182 : A much berd as a busk ouer his brest henges.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.7.40,42 : As moche space as the see and the mareys contene..and as moche space as the regioun of drowghte overstreccheth.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)128b/a : Ȝif þe enpostume cumme of colde..he occupieþ moche place.
- ?c1425 Craft Number.(Eg 2622)22/23 : Yf bothe þe digettes ben y-lyech mych as here, 222 or too tymes twenty.
- a1450 Mandev.(3) (BodeMus 116)135/20 : His graue..the whiche shal ben mad meche and large to resseyue al that is ordeynyd for his sepulture.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)119/20 : Agnus castus..haȝt a ȝelwe flour as moche as a peny.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)147/24 : Þis herbe haȝt lewys lyk to platanye, but þei are noȝt so moche.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)389 : Hit was moost meruailous temple..wondirful moch and wide.
- a1456(a1402) *Trev.Nicod.(Add 16165)114a : Þeyre wrytinges were founden elyche miche, and nought oon lettre more þanne in anoþer.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)132 : The Kyng..mad Westminster Halle and, whan he sei it first, he seide it was not half mech inow.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)44a/a : Þei han wiþinne hem a myche space, in þe which is spoungious fleisch.
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)81 : A meche mantel on lofte with menyver furrit.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)351 : Thei fonde on the lifte side an olde wey that was moche and grene.
- c1450 Art Number.(Ashm 396)38/17 : Mediacioun is..the halfyng of euery nombre, that it may be seyne what and how moche is euery halfe.
4.
With reference to duration or extent: (a) of time: ben as ~ as, to be comparable (in duration) to, be as long as; ~ time, at length, for a long time; in ~ time, in longevity; so ~ time, for such a long time, for so long; of the days in a human lifetime; as ~ an hundred yer, adding up to as long as a hundred years; (b) of an action or activity, of a process: extensive, long-lasting; continuous, unremitting; also, widespread; ben) ~ of speche, to be) talkative; ~ crie (song, speche, etc.), much complaining (singing, talking, etc.); heren ~ god, hear extensive praise (of sb.); ~ word, extensive rumors; to ~ drink (mete, etc.), excessive drinking (eating, etc.); (c) of competence, of learning: ~ laue (philosophie), extensive legal (philosophical) lore; speken ~ welsh, to have extensive competence in Welsh, speak Welsh well.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.37.34 : Weylyng his sonn mych tyme..he nold confortyng take.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ecclus.18.8 : Þe noumbre of þe daiys of men, as myche an hundrid ȝer, as dropis to þe water of þe se þei ben ordeynd.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Job 12.12 : In olde men is wisdam & in myche tyme prudence.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.11.26 : Whi so myche tyme no thyng vp on þys askynge þou asaiedest?
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)107/34 : Þe tyme oonli is as myche as þe point of a needle.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)30617 : Þer wes blisse & muche song.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)40/16 : Þa me preisede ane breðren þet he hefde iherd of muche speche [Nero: i herd þat weren of muche speche].
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)85/23 : Muche word is of ou, hu gentile wummen ȝe beoð.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1263 : Þer he dede him preyse miche.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)9/15 : Oþer be to moche mete oþer drinke oþer be euele þoȝtes to longe y-hyealde.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)21/32 : Huanne he deþ to moche despense..þet me him hyalde þe more large.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1362 : Þanne told þei hire..at how miche meschef here men were formest.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.6.7 : Hethen men..gessen that thei ben herd in theire moche speche.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.418 : Ther is also..so muche pownsonynge of chisel to maken holes, so muche daggynge of sheris forth with the superfluitee in lengthe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.349 : The norice..bad hem take keep That muche drynk and labour wol haue reste.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)2545 : Muche was þe loue word..þat Abraham gat of mony mon.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)182 : For monsworne and men-sclaȝt and to much drynk..unþonk may mon have.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)776 : For Kryst han lyued in much stryf.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1506 : Much speche þay þer expoun.
- (1418) Let.in Ellis Orig.Let.ser.1.15 : It semeth to me no more to vexe ȝour Hygnesse with myche redyng.
- c1425 *Wycl.Concord.(Roy 17.B.1)160a : In myche drynkynge of wyn.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.FCLife (Corp-C 296)192 : Þe ordynalle of salisbury lettiþ moche prechynge of þe gospel.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)339 : For into so myche leernyng and wirching into þe maisters profit..þe aprentice is bounde, and no ferþer.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1075 : Myche myrthe at mete and mel I loue ryth wel.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)35/16 : Þenk ȝit þat vnneþe is lefte oon, so moche is þe prees þat is holden to þese þat beþ to come.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)2984 : Þey comen on pilgremage to seynt Ede, For meche gode þey herden of hurre.
- ?a1450 Þer ys no merth (Dc 257)6 : A yong wyf and an arvyst-gos, Moche gagil wiþ boþe.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6662 : With myche wepyng & wo, weghis..lefte hym for ded.
- (1456) Paston (Gairdner)3.75 : Men speke and devyne moche matere of the comyng this day in suche array to Westminster.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)1 : I have..be occupied in wryting..that thei which schal com aftir schal not have so mech laboure in sekyng of her processe.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)132 : And so his hyghnes shall haue þeroff, but as hadd þe man þat sherid is hogge, muche crye and litil woll.
- c1475 Chartier Quad.(1) (UC 85)187/19 : I beleeue that to miche speche in charge or accusacion of othir is nat laudable.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1677 : Þey sete to þe sopere Wyth moch gle and game.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)248/7-15 : Thes bene the thynges wych done the contrary to the thynges aforsayde..moche trauaill..moche vsynge of salt mettis..moche bledynge..moche doutynge.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)49 : I have herde moche spek of yow.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)87/7 : This whyle the kynge was in myche stryfe..agayn his Sonnes and har allience.
c
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)79/25 : Þouȝ a man kunne speke muche Walsch, he is neuer þe grettur clerk but he kepe Godis hestis.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)130 : That myche moral philsophie and miche lawe of kinde is algatis necessarie to be leerned.
5a.
With reference to degree: (a) of doubt, comfort, joy, misery, etc.: great; of rage, wrath, etc.: intense; of agony, danger, disease, thirst, etc.: severe; as ~..as, as much (joy, pleasure, pain) as; so ~..that, so much (pleasure) that; (b) of grace, love, mercy, honor, renown, wisdom, etc.: great, much; as ~..as, as much (honor, mercy) as; connen as ~ thank, to acknowledge as great a debt of gratitude; (c) of injustice, spite, wickedness, harm, loss, need, etc.: great; of sin(s: ben so ~ that, to be so heinous that; don so ~ sinne, sin so grievously; (d) of strength: much, great; ben ~ of might, to be very strong, be powerful; ben of so ~ strengthe; comen mid ~ strengthe, arrive in force; (e) in phrases: litel no ~ [see litel adj. 1a. (a)]; ~ and (or) lite, ~ ne lite [see lite adj.(1) 1. (a), 3., & 4. (a), (b)].
Associated quotations
a
- a1200(?OE) Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)203 : Þe man mai ben bliðe þe me ledeð fram miche wowe to michele wele.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)7323 : A writ he lette makien mid muchere wraððe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)30720 : Þe king in Eouerwic wnede..mid muchere blisse.
- a1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)109 : Muche wes þe sorewe ant þe wepinge.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)47/560 : Ȝif ich..hadde y-suffred..In wildernisse miche sore.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.693 : Wanhope..that comth..of to muche..sorwe and..of to muche drede.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3890 : Y trowe þat yn hys herte were moche blys.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)190 : Man may..þole much payne.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)16/12 : As myche as þei ioyen hem in delices, so myche turment and sorowe þei schal haue.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1687 : They hadde..As muche joie as herte may comprende.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1820 : Brent child of fir hath myche drede.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)111a/b : Þer is gret inflacioun & multitude of teres þe whiche ben þicke..& moche blerdenesse.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1613 : Ye han youreself yput in moche doute.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)3/8 : Than had þis creatur mech drede.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)235/16 : Þei comyn forby an hows..hauyng mech thrist.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1166 : I hafe myche wondyre That euer owre..Lorde suffers hym in heuen.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)6 : He schal soone sende þee help and cunfort vnspeicable, þat no tunge may telle how myche it is.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)15 : In sorowe for synnes..wiþ myche peyne.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)40/8 : Þei schul conseyue so moche likyng & ioye þat noon it may telle.
- a1450 St.Etheldr.(Fst B.3)464 : Were hit ybroke..myche eysse hit wolde do.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)378 : Suche a stroke he neuer had..That dyde hym halfe so moche sore.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10652 : Moche dole and doute þo doghty men hade.
- c1460 Cursor (LdMisc 416)10974 : He shalbe man of muche myrth.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)168/185 : In meche joye ȝe may A-wake.
- a1475 Mourn.Hare (Brog 2.1)27 : With sorroe and with mych care I schape a-way with my lyve.
- ?a1475 LDirige(2) (Dc 322)32 : To longe in synne we haue layne..So moche woo hit hath vs wrought.
- c1475 Mankind (Folg V.a.354)205 : Yt doth my soull myche yll To se..þe soull trodyn wnder fote.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)5651 : The..teres..that he had for the muche any that was comyng toward that toun.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1399 : She toke the ryngis with moche care.
- a1500 *Lanfranc CP (Wel 397)32a/28 : Obtolmya..othirwhile it is littill, othir' while it is muche.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14465 : Ȝif þu wult þe awraken mid wurðscipe muchen..send after mine sune.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)31138 : Þa..he..mid muche lufe hine hehte cumen to Lundene.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)24/399 : Wa is him..þet is wið to muche luue to ei eorðlich þing iteiet.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)45/484 : O ihesu..þe hauest þin hehe seotel o meiðhades mihte, hire to muche menske.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)292 : He sag in paradis Adam and eue in mike pris.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)313 : Moch is þi mercy..& þi grace.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ps.85.5 : Lord, sweete & mylde & of meche mercy.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1808 : That she..Kan hem therfore as muche thank as me.
- a1400(c1250) Floris (Eg 2862)99 : With muche honoure þey þeder coome, As fel to a ryche Kynges soone.
- a1400(c1250) Floris (Eg 2862)103 : Wel feire him receyuyd þe Duke Orgas..And his aunt with muche honour.
- a1425 This blessyd boke (LdMisc 286)15 : Mych vertu he may him wynne that seys thes psalmes deuoutlye.
- c1425 MS Dub.245 in Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)p.xi : This gospel tellith myche wisdom that is hid to many men.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2033 : Thynke on the myche renownn of ȝour..fadyrs.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)11 : Miche wirchippe he wan.
- a1450(a1396) Hilton CPerf.(Paris angl.41)6 : For to purchace myche grace of Goddis cunfort.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)986 : She Had as moche debonairte As ever had Hester.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)276 : As myche wirchip I wane..as ȝe bothen.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)343/31 : Þanne þei..went hom..with grete loue & moche þank.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)4/23 : I schal doo you muche goode.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)11/22 : Myche was the worschip thurgh oute all Bretayn.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)292 : He seide he schuld availe the Kyng mech god, if he myte lyve a day or too.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)8 : Miche good þerinne may he leere.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)8284 : Swa ich moht nu neode for muchere neode.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)113/26 : To ðare eadinesse..lat him..cumen..þei his miche euelnesse hit nabbe noht ofearned.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)25696 : He doþ ous moche sonde.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)117 : Þat ladi in ȝouþe hadde lerned miche schame.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)524 : Þei mihten haue do muche harm.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.693 : Ymaginynge that he hath doon so muche synne that it wol nat auaillen hym though he wolde repenten hym.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)91/1145 : Sende me my queene..Þat þou holdest with muche vnryȝt.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)250 : Þer watz malys mercyles and mawgre much scheued.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)105/24 : Sum..seyd þat sche dede meche harm a-mong þe pepyl.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)6/7 : Myche nede we haue wiþ bittir teeres mercy [to] cryen to oure Lord.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)807 : So fele shippes..there were That moche losse for unfraught they bare.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)41 : Homer..feynet myche fals was neuer before wroght.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)179 : Mech uylanye we myght wynne.
- ?c1475 *Trev.Nicod.(Sal 39)141a : He han do many þingus aȝens me þat turnet me to miche harme.
- a1500(c1477) Norton OAlch.(Add 10302)1047 : Moch lost, moch cost..þei boght.
- a1500 Leg.Cross BC(1) (Wor F.172)213 : So moche wern our synnes that neuer after that our feete had troden on, the griene gras myght grow after.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)392 : Þus þei worshipped her goddis..For suche miche meschif haþ falle.
d
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)20478 : Howel..seide heom þat heo comen..mid muchere strenðe.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)764 : Oft spet wel alute liste Þar muche strengþe sholde miste.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Judg.16.5 : Lerne of hym in what he haþ so myche strengþe.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)145 : He ȝaf him..freodam and muche miht..And paradys to wonen in.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)19/218 : Priamus..was a man of muche myȝt.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)1.140 : The meche myȝte of þe men made hym to regne.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)14/12 : Þe olyfaunt, þat is a beste of so myche strengþe, þat he may bere on his bak a castel or a tour.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)360/162 : A, myrable god, meche is thy myth.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1960 : Lordyngys that were myche of mayne.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)270 : Here ys a gyant Dwellyng, That meche ys of myght.
- a1500 Ihesu þat hast (Lngl 29)53 : Ihesu þat art so myche of myȝt, Write in my hert.
- a1475 *Sidrak & B.(Lnsd 793)16 : He was a man of miche might.
- ?a1525(?a1475) Play Sacr.(Dub 652)194 : In graclea ys noon so moche of myght.
5b.
With reference to degree: (a) of fools, sinners, rascals, wretches, etc.: inordinate, utter; ben so ~ fole (wrecche), to be such an utter fool (wretch); in spittinge ~, given to spitting often or much; (b) of color, light: bright or intense; of din: loud; of apparel, beauty, a marvel: splendid, striking; of wind: violent; to ~, astonishing or incredible.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)102 : Nu i wole nempne þe wicke þewes Þat beþ noht gode, ac muche shrewes.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Gen.13.13 : Men..of Sodom wern þe worst men & synners befor þe lord mych.
- a1400 Sluggy & slowe (Lamb 523)1 : Fleumaticus: Sluggy & slowe, in spetynge muiche, Cold & moyst, my natur ys suche.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)4.136 : Þere nas no man..Þat he ne held..mede a muche wrecche.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)17.344 : Þere nys syke ne sori ne non so moche wrecche Þat he ne may louye..hem..and his lyf amende.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (LdMisc 210)14/9 : Adam..was..so myche fool þat he went and hid him.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)38/15 : Muche ben þei folis þat leuiþ þis trewe bok and stidien more in false bokis of false mennys makinge.
- c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)191/21 : Muche folis ben þei þat beren..here rop wiþ here owne enditement aboute here neckis.
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)6 : The eldest was a moche schrewe.
- c1410(c1350) Gamelyn (Hrl 7334)230 : Whil þou were a ȝong boy, a moche schrewe þou were.
- c1450 Metham Palm.(Gar 141)90/29 : Yf this..lyne turne vpwarde..yt sygnyfyith a myche fole.
b
- c1200 Wor.Serm.in EGSt.7 (Wor Q.29)109 : Muche licch [read: liccht] vas abuten heom.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)6709 : He ne mihte idriȝen to ihæren þene muche drem.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)126/15 : A muche wind alið wið alute rein.
- c1300 Horn (LdMisc 108)6/89 : Miche was his fayrhede.
- c1330(c1250) Floris (Auch)250 : Þe pomel aboue þe led Is iwrout wiȝ so moche red, Þat men ne dforren [read: dorfen] aniȝt berne Neiþer torche ne lanterne.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)164 : Al þai wonderd strongliche, For his feirhed was so miche.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)22 : Nif he nere scoymus..Hit were a mervayl to much.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)569 : Miche watz þe gyld gere þat glent þer alofte.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)176/456 : She had nought so moche fayrnesse.
- c1450(a1400) Libeaus (Clg A.2)1812 : Þe stones..Ouer hym gon falle: Þat þouȝt hym mych wonþer.
- a1500 When Sonday (Dub 516)8 : When dede men ryse, that schal be moch wondur.
6.
With reference to the importance or value (of sth.) or to the rank (of sb.): great, important, prominent, etc.; of a cause: chief; of lineage: noble; to ~, of a betrayal: too offensive, unforgivable; in oath: bi the ~ god.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11537 : Hercne, Maximian: þu ært of muche cunne.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)24835 : Þer wes Ardures hird..awraððed and muchene að sworen.
- c1390 Susan.(Vrn)315 : Mon, bi þe muche god þat most is of miht, Vndur a Cyne..I hir se.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.1471 : This is to muche.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)26844 : An synne is als muche as fiue to rew man wiþ þe lastande liue.
- c1415 Chaucer CT.Mel.(Lnsd 851)B.2152 : Ȝe schol nouht finde muche difference.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)6a : Þe foure parties of heuene beþ myche cause of strengþe of mennes lymes.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)44 : Neymes..was a marener myche & marchaunt boþe.
- c1450 Mandev.(4) (CovCRO Acc.325/1)2039 : Þe kingedome of Pathan, An hugie reame and a myche.
- (?1471) Stonor1.119 : The..parson..brought with hym..writyng..makynge mension of Innybucions and other mucche maters.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)92 : Topaze and rubyes And oþur stones of myche prys That semely wer to se.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)133/6 : Hov muche þat euery man is in þin eyen, lorde, so muche he is & no more.
- c1500 Now fresshe (Trin-C R.3.19)18 : The moche men shuld nat the lytyll blame.
7.
In place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.40]; also, in surname.
Associated quotations
- (a1154) in Madox Form.Angl.(1702)40 : Muchberdestona.
- (1244) Close R.Hen.III263 : Nigello Michechatel.
- (c1465) Cart.Tropenell in BGAS 23200 : [The manor of] Estchaldefeld, [otherwise called] Moche Chaldefeld.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1300 Add.15236 Gloss.(1) (Add 15236)110/73 : Consolida maior: gallice, confery; anglice, muche brisewort.
Note: New combination for sense 3.(a).
Note: Gloss: ~ brise-wort, ?comfrey (Symphytum officinale).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 MS Add.15236 in Hunt Plant Names (Add 15236)106 : [Elleborus Mortificativus:] muchewort.
Note: New combination for sense 3.(a).
Note: Gloss: ~ wort, some variety of hellebore, perh. black hellebore (Helleborus niger) or bearsfoot (H. foetidus or viridis).
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1400 Brut-1333 (Rwl B.171)46/31 : Constantyn..was Crouned kyng..of mych Bretaigne.
Note: New combination for sense 3.(c).
Note: Gloss: ~ Britaine = Britaine n. 1..--notes per MLL