Middle English Dictionary Entry

at prep.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1a.
Of location or position: (a) at or in (a certain location, position, or place); also, next to, near; at the dore; ~ the kicchen, in; ~ cragges, off of; ~ the galwes, on; (b) at hom, in one's habitat; in one's native country, city, or home; at home; (c) at (the) erthe, on the ground; at (the) grounde, on the ground; at the bottom; of a ship: aground; (d) at helle, ~ heven, ~ paradis, in; (e) at the sonne, in the sun; at (the) fire, on the fire.
1b.
in at, out at, (go look, etc.) in at or through (an opening, etc.), out at or through (sth.).
1c.
(a) With names of countries, cities, taverns, etc.: in, at; at Irland, ~ Lunden, ~ the Tabard. etc.; (b) in place names and surnames.
1d.
At (a certain point or unit in a series, etc.).
2a.
Of public institutions, shops, homes: at chirche, ~ scole; ~ court, ~ barre, ~ laue.
2b.
Of persons: (a) in the presence of (sb.), in company or association with; at the home of; with, among; shriven at, confess in the presence of, or to (a priest); asken at, ask at or of (sb.); (seek advice) at or from (sb.); (learn) at or from (sb.); taken leve at, take leave of (sb.); the word was at god; (b) comen at, go to (sb.).
3a.
Of the goal of movement or action: (a) (go, come) to (a place); also (arrive) at (a place); (b) (put, lay sth.) to, on, at (sth.); fellen at erthe, strike down; setten at ebbe, leave (sb.) high and dry; (c) spurnen at a ston, bump against a stone, stumble; (d) (attach or place sth.) to or at (sth.).
3b.
Of the goal or aim of an activity: in the direction of (sth.); (throw, strike, thrust, aim) at; (press) against; (help) against (an enemy); (go, hunt) at, after, for; ben at, be after (sb.); have at! go to it! at (him)!
4a.
Of time: at (a certain time); during (a certain period); at (12 o'clock, noon, etc.); at (Halloween, etc.); in (the evening, etc.); in (February); on (a certain day, etc.); during (the night, etc.); at al times; at tho daies, in those days; at dai set, on the appointed day; at times, betimes, early.
4b.
In temporal phrases: (a) at frymþe, in the beginning, at the start; at frome, at first, first; atte first, at the erst, for the first time (i.e. not earlier); (b) at the next, next; (c) at the laste, atte ~, atte ende (terme), at last, in the end; at the ferrest, at the latest; (d) at ene(s, ~ one(s, at one and the same time; at once; (e) at everi word; at the first blush.
4c.
On (a certain occasion), at the time of (a certain event).
5.
Of states, situations, circumstances: (a) in a state of, in, at; at ese, ~reste, ~leiser; at pes, ~ debat; at honour; at avantage, ~ welfare; at mischef, ~ peril; at fredom, ~ large, at liberty, free; at defence; at baie; stonden at large, be open or undecided; (b) into a state; comen at age, of; bringen at reste, ~ nought, to; fallen at strif, get into conflict or a fight; maken at ese, make comfortable; (c) ben (lien) at dethe, be on the point of death, be dying; ben at deth or at lif, face life or death; (d) at on accord (rede), at on, in full agreement or harmony; (e) at disposicion, ~ wille, at (someone's) will, etc.; ~ subjeccioun, in (someone's) power.
6a.
Of activities: (a) participating or engaged in (sth.); present at; at, in; at drinke, ~ ale; at mete, ~ table; at an fighte, armee, sege; going at plow, engaged in plowing; plesen at bed; etc.; (b) pleien at, play at (a game), play (a game) [cp. ML ludere ad ludum, OF jouer a]; (c) on the occasion of, at; at on burdene, at one birth.
6b.
Of an antecedent action or event: in response to, as a result of; upon, at.
7.
In expressions for attitudes, emotional reactions, gestures: (a) of the object of an attitude, etc.: (give heed) to (sth.); (laugh) at, over; (make fun) of; (be glad) about; (find fault) with; (have sth.) against; (be envious) of; (cry) for (revenge); (be afraid) of; etc.; (b) of the seat of the emotion, etc.: ~ herte, in (one's) heart, at heart; ~ herte grounde, from the bottom of one's heart; haven ~ herte, have at heart, be deeply concerned; taken ~ herte, take to heart; stonden ~ herte, be of concern.
8.
Of manner or mode: (a) in (a certain manner); at gre, in good spirit; ~ shorte wordes, in short, briefly; ~ diligence, with care; ~ unskile, through indiscretion; ~ chance, by chance; at nede, at need, as needed; ~ (point) devis, to the point, perfectly; at plain, plainly; ~ certainte, to a certainty, for certain; at (the) beste, in the best way, best, of the best; ~ firste, first of all, above all else; (b) at on mouthe, voice, in one and the same words, of the same opinion; at on rede, in agreement; (c) according to, in conformity with (sth.); (d) with respect to, as regards; at regard of (sth.); at al degres, in every respect; bereven at live, deprive of life; (e) at the reverence of, out of respect for, in honor of, for the sake of; (f) with reference to, by; thre at the belle, clok, three o'clock, etc.; (g) subject to, under the control of, at; at hest, ~ commaundement, ~ dome; stonden at juggement, abide by a decision; (h) at God, at the will of God, in the eyes of God, before God.
9.
Of means or agency: by means of, through; by (sb.).
10.
Of distance, extent, amount, degree; (a) of distance: at a distance of; up at, up to (sth.); atte evene, exactly at (a place); (b) of extent, amount, degree: at..might, to the full extent of (one's) ability; at al, in every way, completely, in all; with neg.: in any way, at all; at the fulle, to the full extent, completely, in full; at the leste (wei), to the least extent, at least; at unimete, ~ infinit, infinitely; at uttrest, to the utmost; et þan overeake, in addition; (c) of value or price: at (a certain price); setten at nought, attach no value, regard as worthless; (d) of currency: in (a pound, etc.), per.
11.
Miscel. phrases: (a) of observation or knowledge: at eie, with (one's) own eyes, to the eye; sen at eie, see (sth.) clearly; at knowing, to (one's) knowledge, knowingly; at ame, in (one's) opinion, presumably; (b) taken ensaumple at (sth.), take (sth.) as an example or model; (c) at..cost, costage, expens, at (someone's) expense [cp. OF a..costes]; (d) of military equipment: at hors, on horseback; men at hors [cp. OF a cheval], horsemen, cavalry; armed at al peces, fully armed; (e) at a clap, strok, etc., with one blow, instantly; at a sight, in one glance, instantly [cp. OF a coup].