Middle English Dictionary Entry
hēten v.
Entry Info
| Forms | hēten v. Also heaten. Forms: p. hē̆t(te; ppl. ihēted, i)hē̆t(te & (early) iheat, ȝehæt, hæt, hætte. |
| Etymology | OE hǣtan; p. hǣtte; ppl., cp. onhǣted, ȝehǣt, infl. ȝehǣtte. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To heat (sb. or sth.), warm (sb., oneself); incubate (eggs); (b) to become hot, be hot; (c) of a medicine, a humor: to convey heat to (a man's physiological complexion, blood, etc.); cause (food or medicine) to become hot [cp. hot adj. 5. (h)]; (d) ppl. as adj. hetinge, productive of heat, communicating heat; p.ppl. as adj. i)het, heated, hot.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.HApul.(Hrl 6258B:Berberich)67.3/2 : Do þarto anne s[c]enc ældes wines, & þat si ȝehæt butan smice.
- a1200(?OE) Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)151 : Alse þe sunne hete þe snow.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)63/676 : Þe reue..het warpen hire þrin hwen hit meast were iheat & wodelukest weolle.
- c1300 SLeg.Marg.(Hrl 2277)247 : He let hete water oð seoþinge.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1190 : Þe gywes stode and hette ham by a goed ffur þer.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7182 : Þe quene..biclupte him vaste ynou Vor to hete is colde limes, þat non hete ne com to.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.17 : Ȝif he is i-froted and i-het [vr. chauffed; Higd.(2): made hoote; L calefactus], he holdeþ what hym neiȝheþ.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)124b/a : Februere is Ipeintid an olde man sittinge by þe fire hetynge & warminge his feet and hondis.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)145a/a : First þe coluere þurleþ þe schelle & þanne to deleþ it, & male and female heteþ þe briddes in on tyme.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)323a/b : Foules beþ y-gendred..whanne þe femel sitteþ longe on broode and heteþ the eyren.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)47/5 : Leie flex in good strong wiyn het hoot [vr. hot wyn].
- c1425 Arderne Fistula (Sln 6)30/18 : Be it enoynted..wiþ Salus populi hette in an ostree shell.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)238 : Hetyn, or make hoote: Calefacio.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)180/7 : Tak þis herbe..and hete it on a tylston and ley it on his stomak.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)211/4 : He was hetand ane oven.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)3491 : He hett water and wescht his fete.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)3.42 : Þis brid..bildith his nest, And heipeth his [eiren] and hetith hem after.
- c1475 *Mondeville (Wel 564)156a/a : Þei schulen be preperat bi þe fier and what þat euere be leid to hem it schal be hette.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)63b : To hete: Calefacere.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)71/8 : Turne þe vpon þy left syde..ffor hit ys cold and nedith to be het.
- a1500 Bevis (Cmb Ff.2.38)151/3264 : And fecched [wode] and hyt [the cauldron] hett.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.16.21 : Whenn þe sonne bygann to hete [WB(2): was hoot; L incaluisset].
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.1195 : With a scheete warmed ofte Hire colde brest began to hete, Hire herte also to flacke and bete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)267b/a : Þis litel beste Saura..Whanne he wexeþ olde his yhen wexeþ blynde..whanne þe sonne is arise, þanne his yhen heteþ and fongeþ light.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)307b/a : Colde humours heteth þanne, white colour turneþ in to citryne.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)238 : Hetyn, or waxyn hoote: Caleo.
c
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)11/14,16,18 : Mannes complexioun may not conseyue wheþer it [a medicine] coldiþ him, heetiþ or drieþ or moistiþ him..þilke þing þat we seie is hoot in þe firste degree, þat is I-heet of kyndely heete..& heetiþ oure bodies wiþouten greuauncis, & þilke we seien to be hoot in þe secunde degree, which þat is het [Add: yhette] of oure kyndely heete, [etc.].
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)233/29 : Akinge in ioynctis..comeþ of hoot complexioun þat hetiþ.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)176b/a : Temperate medicyn forsoþ..is like to þe complexioun to which it is adduced withouten þat, þat it hete or colde or drie or moiste it.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)38b/a : Þe farmacyes þe whiche heten and dreyen strongeliche.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)160/7 : Ganyngale..hetyth a mannys reynes.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)54a/b : What euere þing it be þat so ferforþ hetiþ oure body þat it myȝte hete us nomore wiþouten greuaunce, þat is hoot in þe secunde degree.
- c1450 MS Add.10440 in EETS 102 (Add 10440)298 fn. : Blood þerfore, ȝif it ouer haboundeþ..& it is hett with hete enflammynge..& is corupt..þerof is maad a feuere clepid synocha continua.
d
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)10/6 : Foxes lungane on hæte æsca ȝebræde.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)19/15 : Nim þanne swa hætte swa he hattest forbere mæȝe.
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)39/29 : Ad acidiua, þæt hys þæt hæte wæter, þe scet upp of þan breostan and hwylan of þa mæȝe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)275b/b : Cameles mylk is..lasse norisshynge and more hetynge [L calefactiuum] & openynge and departynge.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)65a : Also y-hette hit lettiþ the hete of þe sonne to noy a body.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)150b/a : If he hete alle þe spicez of alle þe worlde & pigm[e]ntz & war froted & chaufed wiþ al þingz hetyng & stirryng.
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)185 : Hett: calefactus.
2.
(a) To inspire (sb., the heart, the will), inflame, stimulate; (b) to be or become inflamed, be inspired.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)205/11 : Sturieð ow cwicliche aa i gode werkes & þet schal heaten ow & ontenden þis fur aȝein þe brune of sunne.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3709 : The flawme and hoote fir Hath many a lady in desir Of love brought, and sore het.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)145 : These vers of gold and blak iwriten were, Of whiche I gan astoned to beholde, For with that oon encresede ay my fere..That oon me hette, that other dide me colde.
- c1430(a1410) Love Mirror (Brsn e.9)274 : My herte is verraily i-heted with the fire of cristes loue.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)76 : The lyf of blyssyd Margarete..whom dede hete The loue of Ihesu in hyr tendyr age.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)330 : The wil is heet and inflamyd into loue.
- a1450(a1401) Chastising GC (Bod 505)178/17 : Þe soule þat seeþ þat visioun feliþ hym fulfilled..or chaufed and heet wiþ a goostli swetnesse.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2054 : Soche a sorow..sanke in his hert, Þat his harme, as a hote low, het hym with in More frike to þe fight, feller of wille.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)22.7 : The wyne of thi luf, hetand and strenghtand me withinen.
- a1500 Rolle Mend.L.(Wor F.172)54 : Tho that busily praien and suspire to be het with the fuyre of euerlastyng love.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)19/199 : His heorte feng to heaten & his meari mealten þe rawen rahten of luue þurh euch lið of his limes.
- ?a1300 Loue is sofft (Dgb 86)15 : Loue is hap, wo hit haueþ, hon for to hete.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)38.4 : Het [L Concaluit] mi hert with-inne me swa; And in thoght sal bren fire for wa.
3.
(a) To burn (sth.); (b) to be burnt.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)315a/b : Scharp sauour comeþ of hete & of druyenes..þerof comeþ swiþe grete openyng of pores..for þe substaunce þerof is sotile and comeþ in and heteþ þe lyme of tast wiþ scharpnesse þerof.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)112b/b : Þe maner of evaporacioun..with a narcosite hette [*Ch.(1): yfired; L ignita] & quenchede in vynegre.
b
- c1450 Falm.Squire (Cmb Ff.2.38)101 : Yf thou take another mannys wyfe, A wrong heyre thou muste nedys gete, and thus thou bryngyst iij. soules in stryfe, Yn helle fyre to lye and hete.