Middle English Dictionary Entry
fallen v.
Entry Info
Forms | fallen v. Forms: p. fell, fẹ̄l (early) feol; fill (mostly S); ful(l, foel(l, fol(l (mostly SW); fald(e, feld(e, fild(e (by confusion with fellen); ppl. i-)falle(n; falled, fald, falt (by confusion with fellen); perf. is falle(n. |
Etymology | OE feallan, āfeallan, gefeallan; sg. 3 fealleþ, fealþ, fylþ; p. fēol, fēollon (A also fellun); ppl. feallen. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. afallen, fellen.
Note: Confusion between fallen and fellen is common in N and WM, where the present stems of these verbs coalesced in OE times.
I.
To descend, drop, fall; fig. to sin, suffer misfortune.
1a.
(a) Of any object: to move more or less freely downward through space (from a higher to a lower position); to descend, drop, fall; of Lucifer and his followers: to fall (from heaven into hell); fallen (a)doun, ~ out; (b) fallen a fall, to suffer (a fall).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)80/32 : Þonne fællæð he [a man on a ladder] stedeleas for his stuntnesse.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)1398 : Forr whatt teȝȝ fellenn sone dun Off heoffne unntill helle.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2888 : He feol [vr. ful] to folde.
- a1225 Lamb.Hom.Pater N.(Lamb 487)103 : Parais from hwonne þe engles a-dun follon.
- a1225 Lamb.Hom.Pater N.(Lamb 487)123 : Þa þe angles of heouene uolle..in to helle.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)287 : Euerilc on ðat helden wid him..fellen ut of heuones ligt In-to ðis middil walknes nigt.
- a1325(c1300) Songs Langtoft (Cmb Gg.1.1)p.323 : It falles in his eghe That hackes ovre heghe.
- a1350 Mon in þe mone (Hrl 2253)4 : Mon in þe mone..for doute leste he valle..shoddreþ ant shereþ.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8310 : Þai..lete falle port colice on hast.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)327 : Þe teres fel out of her eiȝe.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)66 : Þe wyȝte þet ualþ ine hot weter.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.13.4 : Sum [seeds] felden [vrr. felle, fellen] byside the weye.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.13.7 : Other seedis felden amonge thornis.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.922 : The theef fil ouerbord..And in the see he dreynte.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.431 : She swowned now..Til wel neigh is she fallen fro the tree.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)121a/b : Whanne a stone is i lete falle, þe more þat comeþ dounward þe swifter is his mevinge.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)277/10 : Þe stoon falliþ adoun of þe reynes toward þe bladdre bi þe weie of þe vrine.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)2.120 : Ther he [Lucifer] failede and ful [vrr. fulle, fil, fel, felle] and hus felawes alle.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)186 : If he fil from þe hil he schulde falle into water and be dreynt.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)204 : Summe synneden and fillen out from hevene..how manye mo fellen is not revelid.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)15.302 : Many wondirful swetnesse Aforn me fyl.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)897 : Twey fayre appullon..folle doune bothe in to þat flode.
- c1450 Dc.Prov.(Dc 52)55 : Who-so hewyth to hye, þere falle chippis in his ye.
- a1500 7 Sages(1) (Cmb Ff.2.38)656 : A boor..That..fonde akcorns falled grete plente.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11862 : To climbenn upp full heȝhe..Full hefiȝ fall to fallenn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)18434 : He standeþþ wel & rihht I stall off soþ mecnesse, & nohht ne falleþþ hefiȝ fall Off modiȝnessess lawe.
1b.
Of the weather or of darkness: to come down, descend, fall.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)27801 : Heo to-somne heolde swulc heouene wolde ualle.
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(LdMisc 108)377,380 : In þe souþere side Þare it bigan to falle a-non..Ake in þe northhalf..Ne fel neuere a reynes drope.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of god (Hrl 913)26 : Ȝe seeþ þat falliþ snowe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Deeds 13.11 : A noon a myst fel down on hym and derknesse.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.211 : Fil a liȝtnynge uppon Iulius his ymage.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)271b/a : If nyght falleþ vpon hem in her iournay.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)322b/b : In somer..whanne þunder falleþ.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1214 : She was..whit as snow yfallen newe.
- c1425 Bible SNT(1) (Cmb Dd.12.39)Deeds 13.11 : Onone dymnes ande derkenes felle vpon hym.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)101 : Þe wederyng fel..þer fel gret leuenys..& many gret reynes.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)1668 : Tylle nyght fylle on.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)352/22 : Than fell there a thundir and a rayne.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)120 : Yf heua[n] falle meny lerkys schall be take.
1c.
Of Christ: to descend from heaven to earth.
Associated quotations
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)76b : Ure lauerd..feol fro heouene to eorðe.
- c1440(a1396) Hilton SP (Thrn)44/24 : See here þe Endles mercy of owre Lorde, how lawe He fallis to þe & to me.
2.
Of persons: to descend (from a state of moral rectitude or spiritual grace into sin); to fall morally or spiritually, to fall (from grace), to sin; also, to fall (into false belief or error).
Associated quotations
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)7640 : Fele shulenn fallenn, & fele shulenn risenn upp.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11967 : Te laþe gast Þær haffde don..Þatt flocc off Issraæle þeod..To fallenn unnderr idell ȝellp & unnderr modiȝnesse.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)83/24 : Ic wende habben strengþe of me seluen, and for ði i fell.
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)28/290 : Hwa-se swa falleð of meiðhades menske.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)551 : Ðus fel adam ðurg a tre.
- a1350 God þat al þis myhtes (Hrl 2253)32 : Lord..reyse vp þat ys falle lowe!
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)69 : Ofte hi ualleþ ine errour and ine ualse opinions.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.682 : Thestaat of Adam biforn that he fil in to synne.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1025 : Shryue thee ofte. If thow ofte falle, ofte thow arise by confessioun.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)18a/b : An endeles multitude of angeles þat..fel out of good in to euel.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)49 : Men..Þat may falle ofte to vylanye.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)20/9 : So bi his opinyoun he myȝte falle into errour [vr. fallen in erroure].
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)55/32 : He was fallyn in-to irregularite.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)43/7 : In synfull lyff lete me nevyr fall.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)74 : Seven sithes in þe day fallith þe rightwise man.
3.
To descend (from prosperity or high estate into poverty or misfortune); to lose riches, influence, power, or the like; to suffer misfortune.
Associated quotations
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)130/16 : Swa eac þa heaȝæ mihtæ her on worlde fællæð & drosæð & to lure wurðæþ.
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)1338 : It were gret vilani..A liggeand man for to slon, Þat were yfallen in nede.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)630 : He þat wole him heinen here..In litel while he shal..falle þerfore swiþe lowe.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3268 : Thow fro wele art falle in wrecchednesse.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3771 : Why he fil fro heigh prosperitee.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Prov.24.17 : Whan thin enemy fallith, ne ioȝe thou.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.26 : Yefe eny brother or sister falle in pouert or in mischief.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.544-5 : After that we falle and rise, The world arist and falth withal.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.702 : Mercurie loueth wysdam and science And Venus loueth riot and dispence..Ech falleth in otheres exaltacioun.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)143/13 : Men that fro riches byth falle into pouerte.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6928 : Hym that oon hatith, hate we alle, And congecte hou to don hym falle.
4.
Astron. Of a heavenly body: to move, or appear to move, toward the horizon; to decline or set.
Associated quotations
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.303 : The lord is helplees falle, allas, Out of his angle into the derkest hous.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)108b/b : Mercurius arisiþ in vergine..& falliþ in pissibus.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)115b/a : The mone..dounward falliþ in þe sonnes lyne ȝif he is þritty dayes oold.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.2.22 : Why the sterre ariseth out of the rede est, to fallen in the westrene wawes.
II.
To sink to a lower level or to lower intensity.
5.
To sink or settle to the bottom of a liquid.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4584 : Þreo & fifti scipen feollen to grunde in þa teonfulle sæ.
- ?a1350 Recipe Painting(1) in Archaeol.J.1 (Hrl 2253)65 : Tac i-tempret gleyr..ant let hit stonden..vorte al the asure beo i-vallen adoun to grounde.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)350/17 : Do hem to seþing on þe fier til þe herbis falle to þe botme.
6.
Of a river: to flow (into another river or the sea); to debouch.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2507 : Auren hatte ȝet þas æ; at Cristes chirche heo falleð i þare sæ.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.57 : Fresshe ryueres al aboute turneþ and falleþ þerto.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)28/17 : Þere it [the Nile] falleth in to the see.
- a1475(a1447) Bokenham MAngl.(Hrl 4011)15/43 : This floode of Humbir is grettly encrecyd by Owse & Trente, þe which bothe fallyn þer-in.
7.
(a) Of the sea: to fall to a lower level, subside; (b) of wind: to abate, subside.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1876 : How sal we o þis waters weit Quedir þai be fulli fallen yeit?
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)450 : Ȝet fyned not þe flod, ne fel to þe boþemez.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.4468 : Þe see gan swelle with many sturdy wawe Þat ryse on hiȝte..And fille doun.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1216 : Þe se..Ebbes and flowes, and falles agayn.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)38/521 : The water..Of depnes plom Is fallen a fathom And more hardely.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)24942 : Þe starm it fell, Ful faire bicome þat see to sight.
- c1450(?c1400) Wycl.Elucid.(StJ-C G.25)6 : All wyndes & þe see..at his wille..ben obedient to rise & falle.
8.
Of land: to extend (to a certain place).
Associated quotations
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)201/15 : Þe iiij acre..fallith in-to þe hiwei.
9.
Of the eyes, a glance: to be lowered, to drop.
Associated quotations
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.290 : She let falle Hire look a lite aside in swich manere, Ascaunces.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1734 : Mekely she let hyre eyen falle.
10.
Mus. To sound a lower note or notes.
Associated quotations
- a1450 Treat.Music (Lnsd 763)258 : Euery descanter may ryse in voyse & falle with þe plain-song.
11.
(a) Of bodily members: to sag; (b) of the pulse: to grow feebler; (c) of the spirits: to sink, decline; (d) of the countenance: to lose animation or composure, be downcast; fallen doun(ward; (e) of one's complexion: to lose freshness, fade.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)98a/a : Festir..corrumpiþ þe senewis somtyme & makeþ þe bones to falle [L dissoluit ossa].
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)110b/b : Declinacioun [in leprosy] is when þe membrez falleþ [L cadunt].
b
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)212/33 : If he be feble & his herte quake & his pous falle.
c
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)287/31 : Whanne þe spiritis falliþ, þan a mannes vertues failen.
d
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.4.5 : Caym was greetli wroth, and therwith felle his chere [WB(2): his cheer felde doun; L concedit vultus].
- a1425 Adam & E.(3) (Wht)87/22 : Whi artow wrooþ, and whi þerewiþ falliþ þi cheer?
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)1882 : Downward his chere lete he falle.
e
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)564 : No man may my sorwe glade, That maketh my hewe to falle and fade.
III.
To move downward from an erect or upright position; to be brought, or to bring, low; fallen (a)doun.
12a.
Of persons, animals: to move more or less suddenly downward from a standing or sitting position; to fall over, collapse, sag.
Associated quotations
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)12/3 : Me bicom swa mycel fyrht..þet ic on eorþan feol.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)28043-4 : Walwain gon to ualle and feol a þere eorðe.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)48/10 : Te meiden duuelunge feol dun to þer eorðe.
- ?a1300 Sayings St.Bern.(Dgb 86)762/35 : Stond, ne fal namore adoun For a luytel blast!
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)71/37 : Dounward he ful, ase he mis-stap.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)3826 : King arthure..vul [vrr. vel, fel(le] & ne miȝte no leng sitte.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)438 : Loue me doþ to grounde falle, Þat y ne may stond stef wiþ alle.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)1229 : Ȝif he fel [vrr. feolle, feld], he shuld turne aȝayn.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)856 : This made me..fleuble and faynt, and feulle to the grounde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)30/11 : The horse felle downe to the erthe.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)588 : To þe erthe he feele down ryght.
12b.
fallen i)swoue(n, ~ in or on swoue(n, ~ in or on swouning, to fall to the ground in a faint or swoon; to faint or swoon.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3074 : He feol iswowen [Otho: hi-swoȝe].
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)466 : Iacob falleþ iswowe & for serewe gredeþ.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)484 : He fel dun on dedes swog.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)446 : Þat emperur fel swowe adoun [Cmb: yn swowne downe].
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)87 : He..fel doun on swowe.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)5203 : Sche..hadde þan y-falle in sowenyng.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3647 : Sche gan doun falle On [vrr. of, inne] swoune.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.2449 : Swoune I fell to grounde.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10536 : An noþer knȝyt..fyl yn swoun.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4136 : Ofte siþe she fil aswone doun.
- a1425(a1349) Rolle MPass.(2) (Upps C.494)48/14 : She felle dedeswoun ofte tymes for paynes and sorwe.
- a1450 SLeg.Suppl.Bod.(Bod 779)376/353 : Monie fillin aswowe.
- a1450 Bevis (Cai 175/96)209/88 : Iosyan..Fyl on swownyng on þat grounde.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)243/1214 : She fel in swow.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)6569 : He fell in swounyng for very payn.
- a1500 With fauoure (Trin-C O.9.38)32 : And swonynge schee fylle.
12c.
(a) Of plants, trees: to lose the upright position; fall over; droop, wither; (b) to cut down, fell (a tree).
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 Middelerd for mon (Hrl 2253)63 : We falleþ so flour when hit is frore.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2930 : The beestes..Fledden for fere whan the wode was falle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)246b/b : Whanne þe wythy is swiþe olde, þanne he falleþ & roteþ som and som.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)23695 : Mony floures..Þat neuermore shal falle ne dwyne.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1684 : He..ete ay as a horce when erbes were fallen.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.6.165 : Alle thinges growynge and fallynge adoun.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4337 : A weder..[may] make it to fade and falle, The stalke, the greyn, and floures alle.
b
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1246 : In his horcherd a tre grewe..He dide hit falle [Cmb Ii: fellyn] euche a bothȝ. Wan hit was fallid [Cmb Ii: I fellyd] þei gon hit wirche.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)248a/a : Vnnethe þornes beth y falle [Tol: felde]..withoute..egge tool.
13.
To prostrate oneself or kneel before a person in reverence, adoration, prayer, or supplication; also, of a heavenly body: to fall down before a person to show him honor; fallen gruf, to prostrate oneself; ~ akne(s or on kne(s; ~ to, at, or befor fot (fet); ~ to or under (a person); -- (a) simply; (b) with pers. obj.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)30/23 : Þa feol ðe þæȝen adun to his lafordes fotum & bæd hine [etc.].
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)10/5 : Þa feol he on cneowbedum ant hine to his drihtine bead.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6467 : Þeȝȝ..fellenn dun o cnewwess, To buȝhenn & to lutenn himm.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)375 : Tofore Ioseppes fet akne hi valleþ alle.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2272 : Al ðo briðere..fellen bi-forn ðat louerd-is fot.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Roy 1.B.6)Apoc.19.4 : The foure and twenty elder men and the foure beestis fellen [WB(2): felden] doun, and worschipiden God.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.949 : With that word..They fillen gruf and criden pitously.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)8.147 : How þe sonne and þe Mone and enleuene sterres Falden bi-fore his Feet and heileden him alle.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2908 : God wol..maken hem falle at youre feet, redy to do youre wyl.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)12475 : Honurand him he fel him vnder.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)272 : Untille mercy he felle & ȝalde him tille Edward.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1135 : Þan fallis he flat on þe fold & þe fete kyssis.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)150/138 : On knes to þe I falle.
b
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)50 : Elleue sterren to fote fellen me.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2497 : Alle he fellen him ðor to fot.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.1104 : Whan she saugh hir fader..She..falleth hym to feete.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)19/30 : Oure men sall..fall ȝowre folk to fote.
14.
To drop down to earth, wounded or dead; to be slain or die; fallen ded, ~ to deth, ~ to mold; the fallen to deth, the dead.
Associated quotations
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)908 : He ne felle þære dæd Þurrh Godess wraþþe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14706 : Þer uellen [vr. fulle] to þan grunde twa & þritti hundred.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)2289 : Nis nawt grislich sihðe to seon fallen þet þing þet schal arisen..of deað to lif undeðlich.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)183/76 : He fel a-doun stan-ded.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)100b/b : A knyȝt þat touchide suche a worme wiþ his spere..fel doun ded anon.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)22798 : Whenne god hit wol..þat monnes flesshe to molde fal.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.14.10 : The kyng of Sodom and of Gomor turneden backis and fellen there.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Lev.11.32 : Vpon what thing fal eny thing of the faln to deth [L quidquam de morticinis] of hem, shal be polut.
- c1450(c1375) Chaucer Anel.(Benson-Robinson)170 : To grounde ded she falleth as a ston.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)93 : What Duke þat was dede throughe dyntes of hond, Who ffallen was in ffylde.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)21.15 : He sould haf fallen in till dust of ded.
15.
To strike down or fell (an enemy).
Associated quotations
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)746 : Mony a good body he fel [vrr. feol, fyld] adoun.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)194/26 : At Agyncowrt..þe floure of Frawnce he [Henry V] fel þat day.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3233 : The Troiens..ffolowed hom fuersly, felle hom with swerdys.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6519 : The troiens..Fell of hor fos with a frike wille.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2087 : Þai haue hedid of oure hathils..Fey falne to þe fold many fers erlis, Bet doun oure bachelers.
16.
(a) Of buildings, statues, cliffs, etc.: to topple or crumble to the ground, collapse; to come down in ruin; fallen atwo; (b) fallen to poudre, crumble; ~ on peces, go to pieces; (c) to cause (something) to come down in ruin.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)130/12 : Þa heahȝæ torræs & clifæs..to eorðe fællæþ.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)4798 : & tær fell dun þatt hus.
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)56 : A-rer up min hous an heiȝ, Þat..fallez to grounde and al destruyd is neiȝ.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3196 : Fellen ðo fele chirches and ideles mide.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3274 : He two pilers shook and made hem falle, And doun fil temple and al.
- (1423) Pet.Sutton in Fenland NQ 7307 : The whiche milles be falne downe and wastyd longe.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)758 : Alas, thow wikkede wal!..Why nylt thow cleve or fallen al a-two?
- (c1447) Let.Midylton in Lin.NQ 16199 : The shepcote at tempyll ys sum theroff ffallen.
- c1450 Capgr.Rome (Bod 423)11 : A cherch of seynt felice..now..is falle down þe most part.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)152a/a : Erþe shulde falle to poudre.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)222b/b : Substaunce þerof..falleþ nouȝt to poudre whan it is y broke.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)23/16 : They so sore fought that hir shyldis felle on pecis.
c
- a1425 KAlex.(LinI 150)7186 : He hath falle [Ld: afelled] my torellis.
- a1425 Siege Troy(1) (LinI 150)752 : Þer no [was] wal no ȝate aboute þeo toun Þat he and his ost no fellen adoun.
17.
(a) Of institutions, governments, things of the world, etc.: to decline in power, authority, or use; to be brought low, to come to decay or ruin; to vanish, pass away; fallen to nought; (b) of an office: to fall vacant.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)16838 : Godess laȝhe & Godess rihht..Þeȝȝ [Pharisees] didenn mikell fallenn dun.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)167/968 : Men schuld nim hede Þat cristen dom nouȝt doun felle.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.5 : In our tyme, art, sciens and lawe al were i-falle [L ruerent].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2867 : By debaat and discord the grete richesses fallen doun.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)17b/b : Þinges þat buþ I maad & passiþ & fallith be passinge of tyme.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)9204 : Þat kyngdome fel in to wrake.
- ?c1400 Earth(2) (PRO)20 : Þat eorthe þorw eorthe ne foelle to nouȝt.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.859 : Whan Troye was falle with his toures faire.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.3.27 : The coroune of wise men ne schal nat fallen ne faden.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)189/3 : Þere þat is no good gouernour, þe peple falleþ doun and is al discomfited.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)149 : The estate off þe Romans and off þer emperours beganne to fall doune.
- -?-(1450) Pet.Hen.VI in Archaeol.193 : These ben the stretes that be fallen downe in the citee of Wynchestre.
b
- (1433) RParl.4.424b : To yat entent yat whanne Offices or Corrodies falle, yat they myght bee yeven to suche persones [etc.].
- (1465) Lin.DDoc.122/32 : And if he be a prest, he to be presented, when it fallith, to the Churche of gedney.
18.
(a) Of emotions: to decline, abate, vanish; to be cast down, suppressed, or extinguished; (b) to cast down (pride); to quell (strife).
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)514 : Wane he haueþ ido his dede, Ifallen [vr. Ifalle] is al his boldhede.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2734 : Get sal ðin pride fallen dun.
- a1325 Stond wel moder (Roy 12.E.1)55 : [When] he ros þan fel þi sorwe.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.469 : Er thow so lightly do my wo to falle.
- a1500(?c1414) ?Brampton PPs.(1) (Sln 1853)p.15 : Now fadyth and fallyth all my pryde.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)165/2 : Charite falleþ neuer doun.
b
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)791 : Þis strif þei fellen son a non.
- c1390 Marie Modur Qwen (Vrn)8 : Forte falle þe fendes pryde.
IV.
To become detached, separated, lost; to get away from by abandoning; to be born; to happen as a result, to result.
19a.
Of physical parts: to become detached (from a parent body) and drop off, etc.; fallen out, ~ aboute, ~ awei.
Associated quotations
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)21/10 : Þanne sweratiȝed hy [the teeth] and fealled.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)177 : Toȝanes wintre..þenne alle leues fallen.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2387 : His flesch rotede..and al dai ful awei.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)56 : Hise feðres fallen for ðe hete.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6393 : He let him mid hors to drawe..Þat þe peces folle [vrr. felle(n, ful] of is ffless aboute moni & grete.
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3316 : It made his flessh al from hise bones falle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)200b/a : Ferrugo is þe pouder þat falleþ fro þe iren wiþ filyng.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)93/10 : Þere schal falle out of him [cancer] pecis gobetmele.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.549 : O ryng, fro which the ruby is out falle.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)112a/b : Herez deflued .i. fil away.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)265/4 : The bottum felle oute.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)125 : Þer þe hors whallyt, þer sum herris fallyt.
19b.
Of possessions, qualities: to become separated (from a person); to get lost, vanish, disappear; fallen awei.
Associated quotations
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)32077 : Þat þine sunen alle scullen þe from falle.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2338 : His clobbe fel oway.
- c1390 Whon Men beoþ (Vrn)99 : Whon miht & strengþe is from hem fal.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)10/20 : Forto kepe in store alle þe same..knowingis..þat þei falle not soon aweie.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)1165 : As ȝef þy catell fel from the.
20.
Of persons, etc.: (a) fallen from or out of (any state or condition), to get away from, depart from, abandon; (b) fallen (awei) from (an action, a matter), to leave off; (c) fallen from (persons, fellowship), to depart from, abandon, forsake; (d) fallen out, to have a disagreement.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8992 : He fell fra liue and saul hele.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)8 : Here and þere..þei [famous doctors] fallen fro it þat myȝt be bettir seid.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)14926 : Fro Godes ire þei schul falle & fle.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)2323 : Fro þat my fader was fey & fallyn [vr. farre] out of lyve.
b
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1306 : But lat us falle awey fro this matere, For it suffiseth.
- a1425(?a1400) PCounsel.(Hrl 674)148/6 : Corupcion fel into þe flesche whan þe soule fel fro this werk.
c
- c1350 St.Greg.(Cleo D.9)8/42 : Þþeiȝ ic deie and fram þe falle, Ichulle leue inouȝ þe to kepe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)25689 : Þat frelli fra þi frenscep fell.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)342 : We mai see..how þes popis fallen fro Petir, and myche more þei fallen fro Crist.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)711 : Men schulden not falle him [Christ] fro.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)52/7 : Þat man þat had not his desir wold þe rather falle fro his frenchip.
d
- (1472) Paston (Gairdner)5.141 : Be cause I wyll not delyver Lovell the evydence therfor, we fyll owt.
21.
Of offspring: to be dropped (from the mother, the womb); to spring or descend (from a parent); to be born.
Associated quotations
- c1275 Þene latemeste dai (Clg A.9)13 : Hwenne þat child bið iboren & on eorþe i-falle.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.990 : And fairer fruyt bitwene hem sholde falle.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)685 : He is chosen to be chef chyldryn fader, Þat so folk schal falle fro to flete alle þe worlde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)550 : Quen þis man fra his modire wambe on þe mold fell.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2081 : Mare fersere in feld fell neuire of modire.
22.
(a) Of conditions, actions, events: to come into being as the consequence or as the product (of something); to issue or arise; to happen as a result; -- usually with of phrase; (b) to result (in something); -- with to or in phrase.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Lucy (LdMisc 108)16 : We hereth of miracles al day þat of seinte Agace doth falle.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)46 : Lene þi good to trewe men, Þat þer-of falle no wrake.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2618 : The perils and the yueles that myghten falle of this vengeance.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4520 : Was þar nan emang ham all Cuth sai quat þar-of suld fall.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3063 : Hym list no lenger put it in delay, What-euere falle of his grene wounde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4638 : If ȝe refreyne ȝow þar-fra, it falis bot of pride.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)285/7 : So that..he..shold not axe..nothyng in homagis..that myght falle therof.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)139 : What than wolde ffall yff all the commons were pouere?
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)256b/a : Drunkenhede falleþ ofte in mannes slouþe and spousebrekyng and in þefte.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)29058 : Þou sal it [food] to þe pouer spare, Þat þi fast to saul fode mai falle.
23.
(a) To change or turn (into something worse); also, to change; (b) to shift one's attention.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.121 : The world is changed overal..love is falle into discord.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.14 : Lucifer..With al the route..From Angles into fendes felle.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)21.108 : Ȝoure fraunchise..fallen is to þraldom.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)2976 : Ever onane þai weped all, Als þai wald to water fall.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)11/40 : Al þe wyt of þis word fallus to foly.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)71 : The tend ordyr of angell..Vnto fowle fendes fell.
b
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)210/10 : Þou schalt falle into þe consideracioun of the Ve [fifth] mater, sumwhat and in þe maner as þou feeldist from consideracioun of þe first mater into it.
V.
To come by falling, or as if by falling, into a situation, condition, relationship; to become engaged, commence, start.
24.
Of persons, animals: (a) to come by falling (into a pit, trap, etc.); (b) to come (into any unfavorable condition); fallen in (a person's) hondes; (c) fallen in or into (a sickness, disease), to be afflicted with, come down with; fallen in bed, to take sick; (d) fallen in or to age, to grow old; (e) fallen aslepe (o, on, upon, or to slepe; in or on slepinge, etc.), to fall asleep.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11857 : To fallenn inntill hellepitt.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)109/19 : Ðe laste hie falleð mid ða blinde in to ðan pette.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)307 : Ðat tis der..goð o felde to a furg & falleð ðar inne.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)520 : Þat we ne ffalle in þe deueles gar.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3460 : He was in a marle pit yfalle.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)6648 : If ye fillen in her laas.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)928 : He falleþþ..I godess wraþþe & wræche.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)49 : He ualleð in to helle pine.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)15b : I peril ha schal fallen.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)778 : Last þu falle þerfore in blame.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)3563 : Quen þat he bicomis alde, Til vnweild bigines to falle.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)18718 : At dome þei shulde falle to wrake.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.705 : If in the hondes of som wrecche I falle.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)200/9 : Þat we fall not into hise punyschingis.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)384 : The houndes had overshote hym alle, And were on a defaute yfalle.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)29 : Makeþ him ualle ine ane feure.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Th.(Manly-Rickert)B.1962 : Sire Thopas fil in loue longynge.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)116a/a : Whanne þe sike man falliþ in his bed.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5261 : Quarfor i fell in gret seknes.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)44/8 : He fel into a crampe.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)35b/a : Children..fallen ofte in to scrophulus.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)10/27 : Ye stand as ye were fallen in swyme.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)40a/b : Whanne he falleþ to age he wexith febil.
- c1475(a1449) Lydg.Guy (LdMisc 683)355 : He was ffalle in age.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)13375 : Whan ffolkys ffall in age.
e
- c1225(?c1200) SWard (Bod 34)8/59 : Lest sum..feole o slepe.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)101/596 : Floriz..feolle [vr. vell] aslepe.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)72 : Þis fair quene Fel on slepe.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)17/588 : As he fel on slepyne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20496 : All þar fell to slepe onan.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)16.26 : Bothe weren Fallen in sleping.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)522 : When þe kyng was y-fole a-slepe.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)88/29 : He fell opon a slepe.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)42/22 : He felle on slepe.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)1139 : Philip farde too bedde and fell on a sleepe.
25.
(a) To come (into any personal relationship); (b) fallen among or in (persons), to come into association with, fall in with; (c) fallen to (a person), ~ to (a person's) honde, to join forces with, side with, consort with; (d) fallen abord with (a person), ~ unto (a person), ~ to (a person's) desire, ~ of (a person's) accord, to come into agreement with; (e) fallen at on, to agree.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1418 : He fil in office with a chamberleyn.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2500 : If so be that he falle in to thy compaignye.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)271 : How þe deȝter of þe douþe wern..fallen in felaȝschyp wyth hem on folken wyse.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)399 : Frendez fellen in fere.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)8/25 : For euel felauchip þat he was falle in.
b
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)79 : A mon..fol imong þoues..He uol imong þeues..he uel imong hom.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 10.30 : Sum man..felde [WB(2): fel; L incidit] among theuues.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)4.156 : I falle in floreines..an faile speche ofte.
c
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15131 : We se þe folk all fall to him.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)25646 : Thre kinges com of thrin land, To fal þi suete sun til hand.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.97 : Þe Frankis tille him felle.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)864 : As a felaw or a frynde fallis to a-nothire.
d
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.741 : Pryuely she fel of his acord.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.294 : Þes men..mai falle aborde wiþ þese foolis.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)774 : Thorgh counsayl of the lordes alle To her desyre pleynly she is falle, And accorded..That of Thebes Edippus shal be kyng.
- (1429) RParl.4.343b : If my Lorde of Bedford, or of Glouc', haldyng that oo partie, thowe it be the lesse, wolle sturre yat other partie be reson to falle unto hem.
e
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.565 : So at the laste herof they fille aton.
26.
Of persons or things: to come (into any condition).
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3 : Whan..that the kinde of man Was falle into no gret encress.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)46a/a : When it [an aposteme] falleþ anone into cicatrizacioun.
- (1429) RParl.4.343b : If..any matier sued in the Counseill falle in to divers opinions.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)193 : At laste to falle to pease bothe were they feyne.
27.
Of a subject for thought: to come (into one's mind, heart, thought, etc.); to occur (in thought to a person).
Associated quotations
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2505 : All onn ane wise fell Till eȝȝþerr þeȝȝress herrte.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1190 : Þat fel hauelok ful wel on þouth: Men sholde don his leman shame.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2324 : A sodeyn thought that falleth in youre herte.
- c1390 Hilton ML (Vrn)284 : Veyn ymaginacions fallyng [vr. fallande] in to þi mynde.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)412 : That lady that harboryd hym so wele ffell in his mend.
28a.
To become engaged (in an activity or action); to enter (upon an action); to start (to do something); -- (a) with in, into, on, upon phrase; (b) with inf.; (c) with pr. ppl.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)11974 : Inn idell ȝellp to fallenn.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)96 : Also sone ase eni mon ualleð [Corp-C: feleð] into luðer speche.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.782 : Thanne upon dissencioun Thei felle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2083 : Echon with othre pleide and lowh, And fellen into tales newe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)14008 : Sco fell on [vr. in] suilk a grete.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6560 : Þei fil in spekynge of Eleyne.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.107 : This Diomede..gan fallen forth in speche Of this and that.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)93/9 : They fellyn in good comunicacyon as þei went to-gedir be þe wey.
- (1462) Paston (Gairdner)4.40 : Sche..fille forthe in other talkyng.
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)6364 : Þe ladyes tho fell on wepynge.
b
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)31 : Þe wrechche him let ualle to done þe lostes of his ulesse.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)647 : Schul we to-gadre boþe falle to fiȝt a-ȝe.
- ?a1425 Const.Masonry(1) (Roy 17.A.1)26 : These lordys chyldryn therto dede falle, To lurne of hym the craft of gemetry.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)36/51 : Þat we [read: ȝe] ne fall oure lord for to dysplese.
c
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)57/21 : Þere fell Dauid preyeng to oure lord.
28b.
To turn or direct attention (to an object or pursuit); ?also, to engage in pursuit (of an animal); -- with to, at, of phrase.
Associated quotations
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1425 : Þe howndez..fellen as fast to þe fuyt.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)875 : To þi desir all sodeynly þou fallest.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1326 : Þay felle to þaire fude.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4685 : The troiens..fell to the flight in fere to the castell.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)44/11 : And as þai fell at supper, þai fell att varyans.
- c1475 Awntyrs Arth.(Tay 9)p.1 : Thay hom dyȝt into the depe dellus, Fellun to tho femalus.
- c1475 Awntyrs Arth.(Tay 9)p.2 : Thay felle to [Dc: of] the female dure.
28c.
To be drawn (into strife, etc.); -- with in, at phrase.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.372 : Thei falle in gret debat.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)1174 : I raxled & fel in gret affray.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)69/12 : Thurgh drunkenness þai fall at grete wordes.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)7961 : They fyll at travers all at ones.
- c1450 ?Suffolk Walkyng allon (Frf 16)3 : And wyth myself fallyng at gret debat.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)44/12 : Þai fell att varyans.
28d.
fallen in honde with (an action, a matter), to become engaged in, take in hand; ~ on honde with (a person), to enter into negotiation with; ~ in hondes, to come to blows.
Associated quotations
- (1448) Paston2.89 : When they met to gyder, they fell in handes togyder, and [Sir Robert] smot hym..with hys sord.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)14/31 : Fro þe begynyng of þe day I fall in hand with my prayers.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)28/16 : Þe iudgis fell in hand with þis matir.
- (?1472) Paston (Gairdner)5.169 : I felle on hande with hym for Matelaske Kerre.
VI.
To come to rest, or alight, by falling or as if by falling; to have a particular place of arrival or location; to be allotted.
29.
(a) Of physical things: to descend and come to rest, to light (upon a place or object); (b) of a blow: to alight; (c) of a clock: to strike the hour; (d) of birds: to alight; (e) of a person: to bring oneself, or come down (upon the point of a sword or knife); (f) of a rider: fallen unto fot, to dismount.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1200(?OE) PDidax.(Hrl 6258b)21/5 : Þa ufe wæte of þan heafod fylþ uppan þa teþ.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)74/10 : Gif þæt sawene hwætene corn feallende on eorðen ne bið fullice beæȝðæd.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)46 : His arowe vil ope þet cheker.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4172 : A wilde fyr on thair bodyes falle!
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.619 : A gret ston..Fel doun..Upon the feet of this figure.
- (1405) Doc.in Flasdieck Origurk.37 : Ȝif ony wrek falle vp on his soyle..from the forsaide newe hauen at Walberswyk.
b
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)631 : Hure strokes fulle so styþ & sare!
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)268a/b : Where euere þat þe strook falleþ, hit brekeþ þe rugge boon.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)75a : For alle maner schott..or strook smytinge, hit is miȝtier and heuyere fallynge dounward þan vpward.
c
- c1440(?a1375) Abbey HG (Thrn)60/25,31 : Be-fore þat þe Orloge falles or any belles rynges..þe handmayde orloge felle.
d
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)312 : Oðre fules hire fallen bi For to winnen fode.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)947 : Gredi foueles fellen ðor-on.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)462 : Þe raven..Fallez on þe foule flesch.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)23.457 : Scharply he [the phoenix] fyl A-down.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)43/246 : This crowe on sum careyn is fall for to ete.
e
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)67/9 : A child..fel on þat knyf in þe former partie of þe þrote.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)1 Kings 31.4 : Saul cauȝte his swerd, and felle vpon it.
f
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)13563 : His broder..Fell vnto fote & his fole esyt.
30.
Of items fitting into a figure or scheme: to come to be located.
Associated quotations
- c1400 *Chaucer Astr.(Brussels 4869)78b : Thanne folowen the names of the holy dayes in the kalender. And next hem the lettres of the A.B.C. on whiche they fallen.
- c1400 *Chaucer Astr.(Brussels 4869)86a : When that the degree of thi sunne falleth bitwix two almicanteras.
31.
(a) Of the will: fallen upon (an act), to be directed toward; (b) of a branch of knowledge: fallen upon (something), to be concerned with.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)482 : My wil may falle vpon þe same deede baarly.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)483 : Such willingis falling vpon outward deedis..comaundiþ not sufficientli þe outward deede.
b
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)48/37-8 : Practik science..falliþ vpon þing doable, and þanne þilk practik science þerof, and fallyng vpon it, is clepid 'prudence'.
32.
Of conditions, immaterial influences, emotions, etc.: to descend or light (upon a person or place); -- (a) with on, up, upon, in phrase; (b) absol.
Associated quotations
a
- a1275 Serm.St.Nich.(Trin-C B.14.39)597/66 : He is liche to a mon þat dropesie is fallen on.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2951 : Maugre on me falle, Ȝif y þe wold slo!
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)54.4 : Drede of deþ fel vp me.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.9.8 : A wrd the Lord sente in to Jacob, and it fel in Irael.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.496 : Woodnesse yfallen in a shrewe Perseuereth lenger than dooth dronkenesse.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4100 : Þer shulde falle on hem veniaunce.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19970 : Þe haligast dun on þam fell.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3275 : Grekis compleyned han ful ofte Of many meschef þat haþ on hem falle.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5544 : And Fortune myshappyng Whanne upon men she is fallyng.
- c1440 Tales Contrition (Thrn)7/12 : Sentence of dampnacyone Felle one me.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)363/223 : Besekyng, thy mercy may vp-on vs falle.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)182 : Loue on hym can falle.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)670 : As a gome ful glad for þat grace fallen.
- c1390 Hilton ML (Vrn)278 : So gostli fuir..wasteþ on maner of synne where so hit falleþ.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.24.67 : So mych he louede hir, that the sorowe that of the deth of the moder felle it swagid.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)1309 : Gret veniaunce schal falle and be Amonge þe peple in þis cyte.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)139/196 : Alas! swerde and pestelens al day doth falle.
33.
Of a lot or other device which determines choice: to light (upon a person or thing); to come by chance (to a person); also, fallen (up)on (a person's) chaunce; -- with (up)on or to phrase, with pers. obj., or absol.
Associated quotations
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)621 : Affterr þatt his lott himm fell To þewwtenn i þe temmple.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13859 : Al ure iledene folc..heore loten werpeð; vppen þan þe hit faled [Otho: wan þat lot falleþ], he scal uaren of londe.
- a1425(c1384) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ezek.24.6 : Soort or lot felle not vpon it.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.794 : I rede that cut among vs alle Be drawe, and lat se wher the cut wol falle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5314 : In thilke yeer..The lot upon his chance fell.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)406 : My sone, the choys is to the falle.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)712 : Yf the lott fell on such.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)35/13 : They drewe sorte, and the sorte felle vppon Mathye.
34a.
Of fortune, conditions, actions, etc. as affecting a person, etc.: to come by luck or chance (to a person), come to the lot (of a person, a place), to affect (a person, a member); to happen (to a person), befall (a person); to come (to a person's lot); -- (a) with to, unto, for, bi, with, of phrase; (b) with pers. obj.; (c) impers., often faire falles (to) him (etc.); (d) fallen on (a person's) chaunce, ~ to (a person's) lot.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2775 : No sorwe, ne no drede of deeth, ne no thyng that may falle vn to a man.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)31/6 : Alle þese sijknessis..as weel moun falle to consimile membris.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)8.38 : And þus it falleth..bi folke here on erthe.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)100a/b : Seldom falleþ fracture to bones of þe spondilez.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)50.524 : For vs..Falleth the veniaunce ful Sekerle.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)119a : Ȝif alle thing falleþ wel with þe & frowardliche wiþ thyn enemy.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)5 : A worthy man, to whom weren falle many myshappes.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)8 : The turment that is falle of youre fader, and of youre moder..that thus be myscheved.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)897 : Baþe hemm fell to þolenn wa Þurrh ifell wifess irre.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)1585 : Him vel vrecche of god.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)585 : Ȝif þe falleþ trauail on honde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.3151 : What aventure that you felle.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4072 : To be lauerd out ouer vs all, Þat blis sal þe neuer fall.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)76 : Till þis Gydo it gate, as hym grace felle.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1343 : Moche sorowe..hom be course felle.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)295 : Quat me & Philip sall fall vs be-twene.
- c1450(?a1400) Quatref.Love (Add 31042)369 : How felle wayes, ne how ferre vs falles for to fare.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)57/35 : Þou woot noght what day to-morwe sal falle þe.
c
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5310 : Þe birrþ, ȝiff þatt te falleþþ swa, Full bliþelike swelltenn.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1367 : Feire is us ifallen.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)2785 : Toward his liues hende him ful [Clg: ilomp] swiþe luþre.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3733 : And Absolon, hym fil no bet.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3278 : Evere it fell hem to the worste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15420 : To þaim þat þe cheping did, it fel to mikel unspede.
- c1400(1375) Canticum Creat.(Trin-O 57)638 : By þe weye it fel hem hard: An addre to hem gan lepe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.804 : Þe fyne of enmyte is deth..As it fil whilom of þis worthi Troye.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2089 : Þer it fil vs ful vnfaire.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)933 : Hit fel to him boþ fayre and wel.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1116 : Iff vs fallus in fight þe fairer at ende.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12535 : If hit fell hom by fortune the flodes to passe.
- c1450 Dice(1) (Frf 16)141 : Faire falle youre hoode, for ye haue wel ycaste.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apost.(Dub 245)431 : It falleþ profyte to summe men to be bounde to a stake.
d
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3035 : Ȝif it wolde fallen on his chaunce, Sodeinly to ȝeuen hym meschaunce.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)126/314 : Thus it fell to my lott, gyll, I had sich grace.
34b.
what (hou) falles of (a person), what becomes of, happens to, or befalls (a person).
Associated quotations
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)5.254 : What fel of þis Feloun, I con not feire schewe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.685 : How so falle of the remenant, He halt no word of covenant.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2471 : What-so-euer happe or falle of me.
- c1450(a1400) Chev.Assigne (Clg A.2)130 : She..askede hym..what fell of þe chyldren.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)83/8 : What shal falle of me?
34c.
Of a person: to acquire (something) by lot or fortune.
Associated quotations
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2406 : A mede..That ye faithfully shall falle & not faile of.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8953 : Þes lordys to Election..went, To chese hom a cheftan..Who shuld falle it by fortune of the fre kynges.
35.
Of property, wealth, honor, etc.: to be allotted, to pass or come as a possession or inheritance (to a person); -- (a) with to, unto phrase; (b) fallen to (in, in-to, unto) (a person's) honde(s; (c) with pers. obj.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.155 : Þe feeldes..schulde falle to þe nexte of þe blood.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.94 : Matheu scheues..Quat mensk til crist als this dai felle.
- (1424) Paston2.15 : Hys lordshipes in Norffolk and Suffolk thanne to hym falle by the deth of..hys modyr.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)326/11 : All fredoms & eschetes þat miht falle..to him or to his heires.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)113/34 : An erledom of londis that felle unto hym.
- a1500(c1380) Wycl.Papa (Ryl Eng 86)477 : Anticrist seiþ þat al þis lordchip felde to hym bi title of crist.
b
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)89 : Him feol gold inoȝ to honde, Boþe in water and in londe.
- (1376) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.2 : Þe forsede londes fulle into water Dunes hond and his heires.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.684 : Thogh it [land] right now were fallen in myn hond.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.43 : Fro Wellis vnto London alle felle to his honde.
- c1452 Capgr.Aug.Orders (Add 36704)148/26 : On of hem [houses] is fall on-to þe kyngis hand.
c
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)442 : Ȝif in þin ende of þin elde Þe falle richesse strong.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)2243 : At þis tyme twelmonyth þou toke þat þe falled.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)30/30 : Godys þat fallyth bothe hym and me.
VII.
To belong, pertain, be appropriate.
36.
To belong or pertain as a possession, domain, or legal right; -- with to phrase or pers. obj.
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.Kenelm (LdMisc 108)30 : Schrob-schire fallez haluendel to þulke schire.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)132 : Þe bissopriche of ely..& of grantebrugge ssire þat þer to valþ [vr. falleþ].
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)1.50 : Reddite..þat to Cesar falleþ.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)506 : To Rome þe regnance fallyþ, Boþe þe myȝt & þe mayn.
- a1450 Rich.(Cai 175/96:Weber)2684 : We ne hadde no castel That us off our warde fel.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)318/348 : Is it [a property] þyne awne free? Lorde, fre be my fredome me fallis it.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)896 : Be þis titill..na tribute him fallis.
37.
(a) Of things: to belong or pertain (to something else) by nature, relation, classification, accordance, suitability, etc.; (b) fallen into on, to belong together; (c) to belong or come in classification (under a certain head or account).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)13582 : & till þiss sware falleþþ wel Þatt tatt Filippe seȝȝde.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)471 : Þet te lare þet heo me lerden limpeð to idel ȝelp, ant falleð..to wurðschipe of þe worlde.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)56a : Vnsteaðeluest bileaue aȝein godes lare..herto falleð sygaldren, false teolunges [etc.].
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1282 : Ech þing þat fallez to harme.
- ?a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (RwlPoet 175:Napier)p.462 : Þe science of Astronomy, Þat falles to þe sternes of þe sky.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3436 : Hors, armour, and þat þar to fallys.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)18/1 : Accidentis is a þing þat falliþ to a wounde out of kynde, as hoot, cold, drie.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.308 : Bodili siȝt, þat falliþ to mannis eien þe while he wakiþ.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.142 : But how this town com to destruccion Ne falleth naught to purpos me to telle.
- (a1440) Let.Coventry in EHR 55643 : To make all sustentacion & reparacion as falles to such a tenement.
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)116 : How many thynges falleth to a coniunccion? Thre. Whych thre? Power, ffigure, and order.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)17557 : Manness sawle iss her Wel þurrh þe werelld tacnedd, Forr baþe fallenn inntill an Affterr Grickisshe spæche.
c
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)49/23 : Siche medeful dedes may falle vnder comaundement & heeste.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)186 : Eny vertuose dede fallyng vndir biddyng or counceilyng of resoun or of feiþ.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)58/20 : Forto exclude and remove þilk lettis falliþ not vndir maundement, but vndir counseil oonli.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)125 : Riche furres, oþer than be wonned to fall vndre þe yerely charges off his warderober.
38.
To be appropriate, fitting, suitable, customary, convenient, or needful (to or for a person, his nature or rank, actions, occupation, or the like); to become, befit, or suit (a person, the law); also, to be of concern (to a person); to behoove (a person to do something); -- often impers., with or without it; (a) with to or for phrase; (b) with obj.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)14364 : Ne falleþþ itt Rihht nohht till þe, lef moderr.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)57a : Ha libbeð to þe feond..& seruið him in his curt euch of þe meoster þe him to falleð.
- a1250 Ancr.(Nero A.14)58 : Þet falleð to hire [vrr. feahes ow, þe feaȝeð hire].
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)964 : Bi-fore þe lat me bere þe croiz, for it ne fallez nouȝt to þe.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1281 : Me þinchez it fallez to þe To ondon ech þing.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2359 : Al þe wepne þat fel to knith.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9165 : Þe bones..bured is þere vaire inou, as vel [vr. ful] to an kinge.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)14 : As to here craft falles.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)339 : In faire manere, as falles for þi state.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1766 : On here foure fet, as fel for swiche bestes.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)1.140 : Þat [love] Falleþ to þe Fader þat formede vs alle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)18a/b : He [Lucifer] coueitide hiȝenes þat fel nouȝt for hym.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.11 : For it falles mihty to king, That messager word of him bring.
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)20/3 : Falleþ hit nouȝt for ȝow to pray for fadris þat beþ apassed out of þis lif?
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4025 : It fallith nothyng to thy name To make faire semblaunt.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)8/27 : Til god uengance fallis it.
- c1450 Brut-1431(1) (Eg 650)449/19 : He had hys dyryge and masses..as it fell for a kyng.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)1309 : With all maner seruice, As fell to his estate.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)19706 : To fullhtnenn follc, þatt himm rihht nohht Ne fell.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)421 : Ne feolle hit þe of cunde To spuse beo me bunde.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)69 : Nouȝt as ffel a kyng to do.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 13.33 : It fallith not a prophete to perische out of Jerusalem.
- c1440 HBk.GDei (Thrn:Horstmann)304 : At þis calle arely to ryse ffalles ilke gude crystyne mane.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1192 : I sall..ken þam quas comandment to kepe at þam fall [Dub: þat þaim to kepe fallez; L debeant observare].
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1724 : Firumbras hyt hym for-ȝaf, as hym fyl to done.
39.
(a) To be proper, suitable, or necessary under the circumstances; -- often impers.; (b) to be concerned.
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10056 : Þys man ȝede to þe heyȝest degre To housel hym, as fyl to be.
- (1423) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)267 : Þat þei ordeigne other lightes to brenne at Dirige and at masse, as falleth þerfore.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.48.18 : Not so, fader, it fallith to be [WB(2): it acordith not so].
- a1425(?a1400) PCounsel.(Hrl 674)155/3 : We mowen on no wise folow hym..as it falliþ to be in þe vse of þis werk.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.176 : I am feith..it falleth nouȝte to lye.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)2a/a : Of many oþer sikenes in which falleþ [L cadit] manuale operacioun.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)194/47 : By lawe and rightwise rede, Ther falles noght ellis þerfore But to be stoned to dede.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)1122 : Worshippfully, as fell to done, In-to the palyse they her bare.
b
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.570 : My wyl obeyed his wil In alle thyng, as fer as reson fil.
VIII.
To come to pass, happen; to come to be, become.
40.
Of fortune, circumstances, events, conditions, actions: to come to pass, take place, turn up, happen, occur; fallen to, ~ to ben; -- (a) with simple subj.; (b) impers., with or without it.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)512 : Mani miracle þar feol a-day.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)69/1962 : Ȝef þat ere þe weddynge Folle þat ylke lette.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1841 : Þe fortune þat wold falle for here dedes after.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1848 : Þan fel þe chaunce þat a cherl fro cheping-ward com.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.585 : In any caas that myghte falle or happe.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.1473 : As alday falleth altercacioun..Ther fil a stryf bitwix his bretheren two.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Magd.(Phys-E)p.16 : Fel auntour that he prayd crist To eet wit him.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)105/18 : Whanne þat þese tokenes fallen in þe wounde of þe heed.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)239 : Methoght, mi hap þare fel ful hard.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)138/178 : Fore al þe tokens [of doomsday] beþ e-falle.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)8934 : All oure fare & oure fortune hath fallyn to þe best.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3257 : Fully feld all þe fare þat fall suld on erthe.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)5487 : Fayn he wold haue wist what was fall.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)15886 : Sæie me wæh hit vælleð þat þe wal reoseð.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)714 : Lokið þet te heouenliche lauerd beo grunt wal of al þet ȝe wurcheð; for þet stont studeuest, falle þet falle.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)193 : Hit fel in one daye, þe king was out iwent.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1794 : As it fel a faire hap þei fond þer-on to rest.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)8.143 : As Daniel diuinede, hit fel in dede after.
- c1390 Cato(1) (Vrn)143 : Ofte falleþ, þe wyf hit hateþ.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7363 : Falle it to beste or to the werste.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)p.38 : I wille you telle Hou it of his slahter felle.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3798 : Betwyxe twey knyȝtes..Fyl a grete cuntek to be.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)23721 : Þe werldis wele, now vp now doun, as fallis with chaunce.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1022 : Al falle it foule or faire.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)131/152 : Yf youre poynte be to my pay, May falle my selfe shall wende you with.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2719 : No man..Ne ferd is for fortune till it falle to.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)37/21 : Fall what woll fall, y wol do more euell.
41.
Of a unit of time: to come to pass; of a special day or other time unit: to come or occur (at a specified time); when it falles time, when it is the appropriate time.
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.Theoph.(LdMisc 108)191 : He is a seint..and his day fallez in þe ȝere A luyte bi-fore Aueryl.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8983 : At westmunstre heo was ibured a sein philippes day..as it valþ þe verste day of may.
- (c1370) Doc.York in Sur.Soc.35181 : When halyday falles atte none.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1924 : Leue we now þis lesson..to hem aȝeyn can i turne, whan it time falles.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)9173 : Tyme of grace fyl þurgh hys myȝt At þe twelvemonth ende.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)2616 : In erthe sal duelle þe bodis alle, Until þat dredful day sal falle.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)139/188 : So within a lytil stownd Domsday schal fal treuly.
- a1450(1391) Chaucer Astr.(Benson-Robinson)2.12.9 : The xiij day of March fyl upon a Saturday.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)326 : We schal doute þe deþ whan þe day fallus.
42.
To happen or chance to be (what is specified by a compl.); -- (a) simply; (b) fallen to ben.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1499 : We nolleþ nouȝt his curtel kerue, þey he beo odde yffalle.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)483 : Kene men hem serued Of alle dayntyez double, as derrest Myȝt falle.
b
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)75 : Þe ȝeres of grace fyl þan to be A þousynd & þre hundred & þre.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)293 : In bedde yf þou falle herberet to be With felawe.
- 1530(c1450) Mirror Our Lady (Fawkes)34 : The feaste of saynt Anyan fell to be the same tyme at Orleaunce.
43.
To come in the course of events to be (what is specified by a compl. or phr.); to turn out to be, get to be, become; -- (a) simply; (b) fallen to ben.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Pilate (Hrl 2277)227 : Þo pilatus..iseȝ his bodie alforswarted, his hurte ful ful cold.
- c1330 KTars (Auch)201 : Sadles fel emtye.
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)53/6 : To hem þat falle pouere þurwȝ auenture of godes sonde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.812 : But at the laste..We fille acorded by vs seluen two.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.26.13 : The man fel ryche.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)12.47 : Hir fayrnesse fel hir al to sklaundre.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)110 : So fel sche with childe.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)11/18 : Kyng Uther felle seke of a grete maladye.
b
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)4 : Small curres that fallen to be terryers.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)16.94 : Pieres fruit floured and fel to be ripe.
- (1439) Doc.in Collect.Topogr.515 : Yf ye cas falle thus to be do.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)82/24 : Ȝif hit happe..þat þe same Abbey falle to be destruyid.
IX.
To get by motion; to rush; to attack; to have a tendency or desire.
44.
(a) To come or get by motion other than downward (into a position); to move; also, to move precipitously, hasten, rush; (b) fallen out, to leave, depart; (c) naut. fallen upon or with (land), to come upon in due course, meet with (land); (d) of the eyes: fallen togeder, to close.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)459/93 : For miracle þat þare was, muche folk þudere gan falle.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2301 : Þe Sarasynz..fulle out ouer þe wal in-to þe dupe dongoun.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Dan.13.26 : Seruauntes of the hous fellen yn by the posterne.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 3.10 : Thei felden fast to hym, that thei shulden touche hym.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)316/9 : In þis maner þe boon schal falle into his ioinct.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)837 : In grete flokkez of folk þay fallen to his ȝatez.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.19/8 : The clergie and laife..fyllyn with grete deuocyone..hawntyng this place.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)34.87 : Whanne this bot to þe schipebord was falle.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)113/33 : Ponthus..had sett in a valey iiij thovsand men of armes for to fall betwene theym and the toune.
- a1475 Friar & B.(Brog 2.1)p.60 : They went out at the dor so thyke, That eche man fell in otherys neke.
b
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)15/25 : So they fell oute at that tyme.
- c1475(c1420) Page SRouen (Eg 1995)p.14 : Whenn they yssuyd owt..Sodynly they dyd owte falle.
c
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2423 : His ship was rent so lowe..Neptune..maden hym upon a lond to falle.
- ?c1475 Direct.Sailing in Hak.Soc.79 (Lnsd 285)16 : Ye shall fall with eleron [i.e. Ile d'Oleron].
d
- a1500 SLeg.Pass.(Vsp A.3)958/75 : To-geder fell his eghen.
45.
To rush (toward an enemy) with hostile intent; to make an attack (upon an enemy, prey, defended structure); also, of a plant disease: to make an attack (upon a plant); -- (a) with (up)on, til, to phrase; (b) fallen in, ~ on.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.349 : Fiftene ȝong berdles men..fil on Turgesius and slowe hym.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4288 : The feend is on me falle.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.2656 : With swerd in honde on him he fell.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)149a/a : Þe Egle & goshauk..dar nouȝt falle on here pray while he seeþ þat swalowe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)238b/b : Ar corrupcioun other roustyn falle vpon whete.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)272b/a : Þe verray been poursueþ þilke flies &..suffreþ nouȝt hem fallen vpon here hous.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.74 : With folk withouten nombere, þe Norreis felle þam tille.
- (1443) Doc.Trade in BRS 776 : The forseid Hankyn fill eftsones upon þe seid ship of ffaro and toke hir.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10515 : Fallys on hym fuersly, frap hym to dethe.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.59 : Whan þe Sabynes fil on [L irruentibus Sabinis], Tarpeius his douȝter made couenant wiþ Tacius.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.1392 : On a frusche þei fel in euerychon.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.3401 : [The Greeks] fel in sodeynly Vp-on Troyens.
- (a1460) Vegetius(2) (Pmb-C 243)1654 : Fal on, and putte hem to confusioun.
46.
(a) To have a tendency or inclination (toward a condition, to God); to tend, incline; (b) fallen in the wai of, approach (a condition).
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)25a : Alswa sone se eauer eani feleð in to ei luðer speche þet falle toward ful luue.
- a1400 Ancr.Recl.(Pep 2498)64/17 : Vche man schulde be fallande to god ward.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)5 : For þe Imagynaciouns of man rather falleth to euel than to good.
- a1500(?a1425) Lambeth SSecr.(Lamb 501)117/29 : Þat man..ys whit, fallyng toward reednesse.
b
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)26a/b : If aposteme forsoþe falle in þe way of an exiture [L si vero apostema via incedit exiture].
47.
Of the heart: to be inclined, to become desirous.
Associated quotations
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3171 : Whan he [Achilles] the bryhte helm behield..His herte fell therto anon.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)26.398 : Westward..My herte falleth.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.2 : As I lay in bed allone waking..Fell me to mynd of many divers thing.
Note: Impers. [It] fell to me [= me dat.] to mind [i.e. to my mind] concerning (sth) [of prep.]--per MJW
Note: Sense 27. has exx. with a dat., exx. with preps. in, in-to, & on (but not to), & exx. impers., but not all 3 together & no ex. with of phr.--per MJW
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)915 : Oc al ðat euere fel him to, Sac-les he let hin welden it so
Note: Antedates 35.(a)--per MJW
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)7765 : Þis heven falles noght obout to ga, Ne moves noght als dose þe other twa.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)72a/b : Þe anothomye off þe thie..is, as it were, fallinge wiþ þe anothomie off þe adiutorium.
Note: ?New gloss.