Middle English Dictionary Entry

custū̆m(e n.
Quotations: Show all Hide all

Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1.
(a) Traditional or customary practice of a nation or group; established usage; a tradition or custom; ben ~, to be traditional or customary; holden, kepen ~, observe a custom or usual practice; bi ~, of ~, by traditional usage, according to custom; (b) proverb: custom is second nature.
2.
(a) The customary or habitual practice of an individual; habitual behavior, a habit; a personal habit; also, a habit of an animal; (b) bi ~, in ~, of ~, as a matter of habit, by habit, habitually; (c) ben in ~, haven of ~, to be accustomed; haven in ~, be in the habit; also, follow (a practice) habitually.
3.
Natural or normal way; of ~, naturally, usually.
4.
Traditional practice recognized as a kind of law distinct from the law of ordinance or nature; a customary law; ~ of (the) maner, manorial custom.
5.
(a) A customary rent or service; (b) ~ pannage, ~ peni, ~ pound.
6.
(a) A duty, toll, or impost on merchandise; customs; gret ~, customs duty on exports or imports; litel (peti) ~, an impost on goods taken to a market locally; (b) ~ fre, ~ paiing.
7.
An exaction of tax or tribute; a charge.
8.
A written record of the duties of household officers; a custumal.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5583 : Pore men…rekened þe custome houses echoun, At whyche þey had gode, and at whyche noun.
  • Note: New comb.: ~ hous
    Note: Belongs to sense 2.(c).
    Note: Gloss: A place of business, business establishment.
    Note: This quot. has been taken back to books.
  • a1500 *Nicod.(5) (Wor F.172)4b : A clips is made after the custom of the Sonne.
  • Note: Postdates sense 3.--notes per MLL