Middle English Dictionary Entry
cǒmpaignīe n.
Entry Info
Forms | cǒmpaignīe n. Also compainie, -panie, -pagnie, -penie & cumpai(g)nie, -panie. |
Etymology | OF compa(i)gnie |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
A group of persons having a common interest, purpose, faith, status, occupation, function, etc.: (a) a host (of angels, saints, the saved); holi ~; the ~ of heven, the heavenly host; also, an order (of angels); lord of compainies, Lord of Hosts; (b) a body of followers, attendants, retainers; retinue, entourage; the Cristen ~, the Christians; (c) a group of warriors; an army or host; ~ of knightes; ~ of hors, a troop of cavalry; also, a fleet or squadron; (d) a subdivision of Roman century, a battalion; (e) a professional group, such as a trade guild or an ecclesiastical body; also, an organization of Roman citizens.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Kenelm (LdMisc 108)183 : Þe faire compaygnie of Martyrs, louerd, herieth þe.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)480 : Whanne domesday shal beo, Not no man..Ne non of þe companye of heuene, bote god him-sulf al-one.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.45 : Alle þe holy Company of heuen.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1077 : The endelees blisse of heuene..ther as is the blisful compaignye that reioysen hem eueremo.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)15b/a : Cherubym beþ þe hiȝest companyes of aungelis.
- a1425(c1300) Assump.Virg.(1) (Add 10036)401 : Þou schalt to heuene..Alle schal þee serue þe company of heuene.
- a1425 Cursor (Glb E.9)29548 : Cursing..takes him fro þe cumpany Of halows unto his enmy.
- a1425 Methodius(1) (Hrl 1900)111/4-5 : Þanne schal come oure Lord Ihesu Crist..wiþ companyes of angels.
- (1426) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)340 : All the holy chosen companye of heven.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Prelates (Corp-C 296)58 : Lippis of a prest kepen kunnynge of goddis lawe..for his is an aungel of þe lord of compaynes.
- (1447-8) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1352 : In the name of..oure lady saint Marie..and alle the holy compaignys of heuen.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)364/247 : Sche [the Virgin] wyl ben..glad to se this holy companye.
- a1500 St.Jerome (Lamb 432)338/8 : All compaynis of patriarkis and prophetis..all holy martyris.
b
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)879 : Horn & his compaynye Gunne after hem wel swiþe hiȝe.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1287 : Fiftene kniȝtes in his compeynie, þat were strong men and hardie.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)638 : Lucifer [with] his cumpaignye.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1609 : Þe clennest cumpanye þat euer king ladde.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pri.(Manly-Rickert)B.1682 : Ther was..Amonges cristen folk a Iewerye Sustened..For foul vsure..Hateful to Crist and to his compaignye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.1674 : His wif and child..with al the companie Which in his houshold schal abyde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.268 : This roial markys richely arrayed Lordes and ladyes in his compaignye.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Widow's Candle (Phys-E)p.160 : Scho..saw com gret compaynye Of fair maidenes wit a leuedye.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.150 : Þere cam a compaignye of his aposteles.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)556 : Alle þis compayny of court com þe kyng nerre.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)71/15-6 : Alle þise ben avowtreris & a cumpany þat breken þe lawe.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)118/36 : Þe company of nyȝ frendis & cosynes.
- a1425(?c1384) Wycl.Church (Bod 788)349 : Scarioth was þe worse for beyng in þis holi cumpanye [i.e. Christ's disciples].
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.86 : God yow see, with al youre fayre book and compaignie!
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)36.170 : Thanne Cam this lady..With A gret Compenyei Of ladyes present.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)3032 : Among þe Crystene cumpanye.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12514 : All the company cleane of the kyng Telamon..Were brent in the bre.
- c1450 *Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)46b : A bevy of ladyes, or A company.
c
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8222 : Þo wende uorþ þis compainye..to yrenebrugge.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11280 : Þe erl..smot stede wiþ þe spore, & al is compainie, & wende him vor wraþþe aȝen.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11555 : Of kniȝtes a vair compainie.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1124 : Al þe clene cumpanye com to þe place.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.409 : The heiere hond he hadde And victoire..As he rod with his compainie Nyh to the strondes of Lubie.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)177a/a : Þis Ilond [Crete]..tauȝte firste companyes of horsemen.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2580 : From al Asye..Com wel faire compaignye.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5116 : From Boece..Cam fifty schipes..And from..Sycomenye Cam xxxti schipes in þe companye Of þe duke þat hiȝte Achalapus.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)153/7 : Þeise iiij Ml barouns ben devised in iiij companyes.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)951 : Enyas..sayleth forth with al his companye.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)5845 : To gadere a god compaygnie Toward þe se in his nauie.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2837 : Nawther company..hade Kennyng of other, but..sailet vpon syde vnto sere costys.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3222 : In the castell were a cumpany, kyd men of Armys.
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)99 : A grete company of knyghtes wel aparelled.
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)562/30 : Alaris: a company of hors.
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)2869 : Guy of Warrewik with his compaignye Was logged in his Citee.
d
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)37b : Þe worþiest persone in þe companie of x was made souereyn & rewelour of þe ten & cleped deen of of þe companye..riȝt as among foot men þe legioun was departed in hondredes, companyes and hondfullus.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)111b : Þe prefecte of Ravenne was cheef and principal of al þe flete of his hauene, and eueriche of þese tweyne prefectes had vnder him ten tribunes or cheuenteynes after þe noumbre of coorthus or companyes [L cohortes] þat þei hadde of men of armes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10649 : Þan Priam..puruait onon, His knightes in companyes cantly to wend.
e
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.35 : Þo þat arn assyngned to don that office, þe companye ssal oward hem viij d. for here trauaille.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.74 : Þe aldirman shal..warne alle þe compaignye þat longen to þis fraternite.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.134 : In Surrye whilom dwelte a compaignye Of chapmen riche..That wyde where senten hir spicerye.
- (1395) Wycl.37 Concl.(Tit D.1)53 : The vnkunnynge and vicious cumpani of cardinalis.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)125a/a : Þe puple of Rome was to delid in parties and tentes and companyes of ȝonger men & of elder men.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)66 : Y dwelled yn þe pryorye Fyftene ȝere yn cumpanye.
- a1425(?a1400) Cloud (Hrl 674)48/19,20 : Be a man or a womman in any companye of þis woreld, what companye se-euer it be, religious or seculers [etc.].
- (1426) Reg.Chichele in Cant.Yk.S.42 (Lamb 69)340 : I be quethe to the maistres and the company of grocerys at London x li.
- ?a1475 PParv.(Win)86 : Clergy, or company of clerkis: Clerus, Clericatus, clerimonia.
2.
(a) Any group of persons gathered casually or on a particular occasion; a group of visitors or guests; a social gathering; (b) a multitude.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.11000 Virg.(LdMisc 108)57 : Heo was glad of þe compaygnie þat so fair to hire cam.
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)1727 : Muche folk þare was..Bote win bi gan to failli To þat ilke compaygni.
- c1300 SLeg.Patr.(LdMisc 108)498 : Ech Compaygnie to oþur drovȝ and ech bi oþur stod, With murie song and melodie and gladnesse in heore mod.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)437 : Þat cumpaignye Þat slowen him [Christ].
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1434 : Alle ȝoure clene companie, crist ȝiue hem ioye.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.9.36 : Jhesus, siynge cumpanyes [L turbas], hadde rewthe of hem.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.898 : Ther kneled in the hye weye A compaignye of ladyes, tweye and tweye, Ech after oother.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2183 : Dukes, erles, kynges Were gadred in this noble compaignye.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.24 : Wel nyne and twenty in a compaignye Of sondry folk, by auenture yfalle In felawshipe, and pilgrymes were they alle.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4739 : Faire ben tales in compaignye; Mery in chirche is melodye.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1195 : How wyvis, maidenes, in þat companye..I-haunted ben, and vsed at her lust.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.447 : Ne of ladys ek so fair a compaignie On daunce..was nevere iseye.
- (1436) RParl.4.500b : To graunte youre honurables Lettres of Save Conduyt to vi Persones..and to viii Persones in their Compaigny.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)61/16 : Thorw meuyng of summe of her cumpany hyr confessowr was dysplesyd [etc.].
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)5933 : Yuel dedy men..Of Outlandes..Of swylk he gadered compaignies.
- a1450(?a1390) Mirk Fest.Suppl.(Cld A.2)293/5 : A cumpanye of felowes haddon takon a stene of ale to drynkon.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)4882 : He saw in þat plase..a fayre company of maydenus abouȝt þe shryne dauncyng.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)156/11 : Hamward I rede we hye..Be-cause of company Þat will wende in oure waye.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)254 : With renkes in ryotte to reuelle in haulle, With..carolles and compaynyes sere.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)10/6 : We schull be so fele yn company þat þer schall be no suspessyon.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)118/53 : I trowe..we gett more compane Or it be noyne.
- 1534(?a1500) Cov.Pl.W.(CovCorp(1))760 : Mare: Sum vertuos cumpany I wold we had. Josoff: Ye, dame, God shal be owre gyde.
b
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)134/673 : Hic ne sige nout bi-þan þat moni ne be gentile man; þuru wis lore & genteleri he amendit huge companie.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7634 : & gret compainie of heyemen..were þo in scotlonde.
3.
(a) Intimate association with another or with others; companionship, fellowship, company; withoute ~, without a companion; (b) beren ~, don ~, haven ~, holden ~, maken ~, to associate with (sb.); accompany, escort; befriend (sb.), be friends (with sb.); folwen ~, seek (someone's) companionship or friendship; shonen ~, shun (someone's) company; departen ~, part company; (c) comen into ~, to enter into (good) company; dwellen nigh ~, live intimately with (sb.); haven in ~, have (sb.) as a companion or mate; putten into ~, make (sb.) a companion; don, sheten out of ~, exclude (sb.) from (one's) company, cast out; (d) gon in ~, to go in one body or together; per ~, in a body; in accompaniment.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275 Ken.Serm.(LdMisc 471)218-9/149-150 : Lepre is man deseurd of þo compainie of gode and of alle his angles, þat is to sigge for diadliche senne.
- c1300 SLeg.John (LdMisc 108)381 : He gan haunti wakes, and for compaygnie he wax a syutor of tauernes.
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)237 : Daþeheit a swuch luþer Caumberleyn..And alle þat louiez is compaygnie!
- a1350 Iesu for þi muchele miht (Hrl 2253)40 : We shule haue ioie ant blis..in iesu compagnie.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)462 : A loþlich þing it were..To sen hir in þi compayni.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2779 : Allone, withouten any compaignye.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.165 : Þe Flemynges þat beeþ in þe westside of Wales beeþ now by torned as þough þey were Englische, by cause of companye [L convictu] wiþ Englische men.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3204 : A chambre hadde he in that hostelrye Allone, withouten any compaignye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Ph.(Manly-Rickert)C.63 : She wolde fleen the compaignye Where likly was to treten of folye, As is at festes, reuels, and at daunces.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.312 : Contricion..restoreth it [the soule]..to the compaignye and communyoun of holy chirche.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.843 : Hir freendes..preyde hire..To come and romen hire in compaignye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)145a/a : Colueres..hauntiþ & loueþ companye of men.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)269b/b : This..addre..loueþ hire make..and lyueþ nouȝt wel wiþoute companye.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1718 : Ȝyf þou fordost þe weylfare Betwyx þo þat weddyde are, Þou..brekyst spousayle & cumpany.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)4026 : Florens..woned alone yn hys celle..and was drery, As many be þat lese gode cumpany.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1011 : Wawen & þe wale burde Such comfort of her compaynye caȝten to-geder.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.1748 : Love that..Halt peples joyned..knetteth lawe of compaignie, And couples doth in vertu for to dwelle.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1217 : He ne et ne drank, for his malencolye, And ek from every compaignye he fledde.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)1 Cor.1.9 : Ȝee ben callyd in to þe companye [L societatem] of hys sone Iesu crist.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4899 : It [youthe]..makith hym love yvell company.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.3.20 : It nere nat leveful ne syttynge thyng to Philosophie, to leten withouten companye the weye of hym that is innocent.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1329 : If sche non wise wil amend..Sche salbe catchid fro cumpany.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)244/2 : Good kepynge..þat wolde..kepe hem from synne and out of euele companie [Ayenb.: kueade uelaȝrede].
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)166/130 : In ȝour compane my sone desyryth for to be.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)4.30 : To chese swiche cheualleris..To schewe for þe schire in company with þe grete.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.49 : If eni so wod were, That [he] Seint Thomas consaillede and cumpaignye [Ld: felauȝschipe] bere.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.315 : Men sholde hym brennen in a fyr..And we also to bere hym compaignye.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2774 : Allas, the deeth!..Allas, departyng of oure compaignye!
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2520 : With scorneres make no compaignye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4183 : They mosten..As for that nyght, departen compaignye.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.684 : He dide it for to holde compaignye with hise felawes.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.763 : Freendes euerich oother moot obeye, If they wol longe holden compaignye.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fri.(Manly-Rickert)D.1521 : I wol holde compaignye with thee, Til it be so that thow forsake me.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.73 : Dam Helienore, quene was sche, scho bare him company.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.650 : 'By cryst,' quod a comune womman, 'þi companye wil I folwe.'
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1488 : Deiphebus..Com hire to preye..To holde hym..compaignie At dyner.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.66 : This Troilus..did hire companye.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3949 : He shal have no myght to goo Aboute to make companye To hem that thenke of vylanye.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.3.11 : The lyghte richesses ne schal nat beren hym companye whan he is deed.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1601 : He made hire don to Jason companye At mete.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)55.76 : So Orible he was..that Eche Man schoned his Compenye.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)104 : He may not holde with Venus companye.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)125 : Sith that he myghte don her no companye, He ne roghte not a myte for to dye.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)50/15 : Þilke þat lyuen by here myrþe and iolifte, þei holden þe yuel companyes.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)51/25 : Þe bihoueþ do companye to þyn neiȝebores and to þi frendes.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)8/25 : Then thei swer to hold companye to gedre, in goode and in evyll to endur.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)189/18,19 : To thyne Souerayns doste honnoure and reuerence, And to thy felowis due company.
- c1525 Rule & T.St.Francis(2) (Fst D.4)73 : I commaund..to alle the bretherne, that they have no suspect or suspiciuse felowshipe or company..with wymmen.
- 1534(?a1500) Cov.Pl.W.(CovCorp(1))564 : To goo alone ys not for me..good sir, I pray you soo Thatt I ma haue your cumpany.
c
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)67.33 : Hij þat ben of ryȝt byleue shete out of her cumpainie hem þat maken maum-metries.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.3045 : He put hire into compainie To duelle with Deidamie, His oghne dowhter.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)2681 : Þe mon þat wil noȝt halde þis lay, do him out of ȝour company.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)1453 : I wylle be wiþ þe euermore To dwelle nyȝe þi companye, Tyl my lord wol þat I dye.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)21.95 : Ho þat the signe Of the Crois In his Compeni have, From Alle perilles he may ben Save.
- a1450 Ben.Rule(2) (Vsp A.25)1028 : And in hert hald vs vnworthi To cum in any gude company.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)314 : Theire fader sholde neuer haue a-gein his wif in companye.
d
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4167 : His wyf bar hym a burdon..The wenche routeth eek par compaignye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.2081 : Thei..toke A gret tresor of gold..To Rome and thus these philisophres Togedre in compainie wente.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.3752 : Duk Gedeon..tawhte hem hou they scholde ascrie Alle in o vois, per compaignie.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)15563 : We salle ga in company & suffre baþe a sare.
4.
Companionship or intimacy between the sexes; sexual union, intercourse; ~ of man.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)916 : Wiþ child icham Wiþ outen companie of man.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2311 : I am..A mayde..Noght wol I knowe compaignye of man.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.461 : Housbondes at chirche dore she hadde fyue, With outen oother compaignye in youthe.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.1780 : For strengthe of matrimoine He myhte make non essoine, That he ne mot algates plie To gon to bedde of compaignie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.2662 : If he wolde have parfit hele, He scholde with a womman dele..To don him compaignie a nyht.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.2764 : He, which hath the compainie Of such a lusti on as sche..Ther was noman so wel at ese.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.1921 : 'He schal be your bedde fiere, Til ye..be with childe.' And..sche..axeth him that goddes name, which so wol don hire compainie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.2117 : Whan it liketh you to take His compaignie..He schal be with you on the nyht.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4910 : Alle hij ben maydens..Mannes compaignye..hij shoneþ.
- a1425 Iesu þat wolde (LdMisc 463)p.189 : God almyghty hete Þat man and womman in compaignye Sholde þe world multeplie.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)356 : Fleischly customyd love, companye and gouernaunce had bitwixe husbondis and her wijfis.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)23.486 : He that of a womman was born With-Owten compeine of Man.
- c1450 Myldeste of moode (BodR 22)11 : Company of man thou [Mary] nevyr knewe.
- c1475(a1400) Brut-1333 (Dc 323)4/20 : Þey desirid more mannys cumpanye þan eny other solas or merthe.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)13 : She hadde neuer knowynge of mannes company.
5.
Sociability, courtesy, amiability; friendship; poverte brekes ~, poverty breaks up friendship; don after ~, be courteous.
Associated quotations
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)93/381 : For his gode compaygnie, A wunne he haþ þi druerie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2030 : That is the cause..Why that I feigne compaignie And make felawe overal.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7759 : Whan thei him povere and nedy se, Thei lete him passe, and farwel he! Al that he wende of compainie Is thanne torned to folie.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)50b/b : To whom I ȝaf þe riȝt hond of fey & of companye [L fidei & societatis].
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1483 : Wyȝe þat is so wel wrast alway to god, & connez not of compaynye þe costez vndertake.
- (?1406) Hoccl.MR (Hnt HM 111)133 : Lak of coyn departith compaignie.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.396 : Me thoughte by thi speche That this which thow me dost for compaignie, I sholde wene it were a bauderye.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1862 : The God of Love..shet at me full hastily An arwe named Company, The whiche takell is full able To make these ladies merciable.
- c1450 Dc.Prov.(Dc 52)p.54 : Pouerte brekys companye.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)159 : Sith yee be in company of honest men & good, Worchith somwhat aftir..ffor who doith after company may lyve the bet in rest.
- a1475 Sidrak & B.(LdMisc 559)3057 : Telle now, per company, Whereof cometh felony?
6.
Of animals: (a) a herd (of beasts), a flock (of birds), a swarm (of bees), etc.; (b) liven in ~, to live in (their) midst; taken in ~, adopt into (one's) company; comen in ~, live or mate with (the male).
Associated quotations
a
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)25* : Vn cumpanye de owes: A cumpanye of gees.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2304 : Þer com..bores, boles..a brem numbre of bestes þat a lyoun ladde..þan was þer a litel lyoun..come wiþ þat companye.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.806 : The lusti compaignie Of foules.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)145a/b : A coluere..gadreþ to companye oþire culueres þat beþ comyne, vsuel, & I knowe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)259a/a : Some bestes loueþ felaschipe and goþ in companye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)271b/a : Whanne þay [bees]..beþ warre toforehond of fayre weder, þanne þay passen forþ to here werk wiþ a swarme and companye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)301a/b : Kyne lyuen in companye and ben ofte y loste if þey goon oute of companye.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)5 : A companye of ladies ȝe schal say, And of gees also.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3892 : Now comes a company of Crabbe-fische.
- c1450 *Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)47a : A company or A gaglynge of gese.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)141a/a : Þay..dryuen ham [their young] out of here nest and suffreþ not ham to lyuen in here companye.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)272a/a : Þe been..smyteþ nouȝt at hem, but takeþ hem in companye [L sibi associant] and defendeþ hem.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)302b/a : The femel bere..departeþ fro þe male whanne sche haþ conceyued and comeþ nouȝt in his companye er þe whelpes be perfiteliche y schape.
7.
Of things: (a) a collection or mass; (b) association, connection; combination; conjunction; (c) kinship; ~ of kinde, natural kinship; (d) proximity, contact.
Associated quotations
a
- (1439) Liber Scac.in Archaeol.2136 : xxv saphurs, iij emeraudes..and a grete company of..perles.
- a1450(c1405) Purvey Determ.(Trin-C B.14.50)175/194 : William Thorisby..did do to drawe a tretys in Englisce..and sente hem in smale pagynes to þe comyn puple..of wiche ben ȝit manye a componye in Englond.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.5126 : Rihtwisnesse and lecherie Acorden noght in compaignie With him that hath the lawe on honde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)88b/b : Somtyme..for companye [L colligantiam] & onynge of spiritis & of humour al þe man is distempred.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)93b/b : For companye [L colligantiaz] þat þe guttis haueþ wiþ instrumentis of wittis & felinge.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)116b/a : He [þe mone] hath good effect..ȝif he is in companye [L sociata] wiþ goode planetis.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)203a/b : Sardonix..haþ þat name of company [L societate] of tweyne: Of whitnesse of þe Onyx and reednes of þe Sarduus.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)219/10 : The company and the accorde be-twen the Sowle and the body is so grete..that [in] the Passions of that oone that ouer [read: other] is Parcenere.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)255b/a : Wyn..echeþ kynde hete passynge all oþer mete and drynke, and þat for likkenesse and companye þat wyne haþ wiþ kynde.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)310b/a : Þe fyndynge þerof [Prassin] is tokne of siluer and of golde, for þe veyne þerof haþ companye [L societatem] of kynde wiþ suche metalles.
d
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)92b/b : Spewinge comeþ..Also somtyme by pressi[n]ge & reringe of þe stomak by noyous companye [L vicinitate et colligantia] of oþer membres.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.7728 : Þe lond callid Pafogonye [!], Whiche seuerid is from al companye.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)232 : A company or a bablyng off women.
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)231 : An hoste of men or a companye.
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)231 : A bevy of ladyes or a company.
Note: New sense
Note: Add subsense (c) to sense 2.
Note: Gloss: (c) as term of association: a company or group (of ladies, men).
Note: Addition: add to gloss in sense 6.(a): "--also as term of association;".--notes per MLL
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.37rb (2.3) : Þai suffer grete straythede and dryhede & disese at þe brest. Company of woman distroyeþ him moste.
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.41vb (2.3) : Þis bifalleth mykel in wydowes þat were wont biforne for to haue company of man & haue noȝt as þai were wont.
Note: Additional quots., sense 4., ?modify gloss, adding ~ of woman. Editor's gloss: company, n. ~ of woman, ~ of man 'sexual intercourse'.